update: the router web service is split into the package vpnrouter_web, with one module per family of paths.

feature: vre opens files from the Router Manager's shell in the editor of its Shell page.
feature: the web service shows and changes the settings of the metrics service at /metrics/settings, and OpenVPN starts on a new router, as setup installs CRLs that revoke nothing.
2026-10-29 18:52:51 +01:00 · 2026-10-29 18:10:58 +01:00 · 2026-10-28 22:31:27 +01:00 · 2026-10-28 22:00:37 +01:00 · 2026-10-28 21:41:52 +01:00 · 2026-10-27 08:46:36 +01:00
46 changed files with 3417 additions and 2109 deletions
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ and as a Tailwind CSS page for a browser, and `/status` is the same status as JS
 much as `web.status_content` says, since the router is reachable from the internet and the
 operator decides how much it tells strangers: `basic`, the default because it tells the least,
 the overall status and the Client IP, `standard` also the package versions and the number of
-active and other services, and `full` also each service and the state of the site-to-site, road-warrior, OpenVPN and
+active and other services, and `full` also each service and the state of the site-to-site, IKEv2, OpenVPN and
 WireGuard features. The Client IP is the address the request came from, through the trusted
 proxies, so a person can see the address the router sees. Nothing comes from the configuration.
 `/status` names its content, so clients such as manage-ui and the Router Manager show what it
@@ -394,8 +394,8 @@ failure, then listens. `vpnrouter_auth` turns every failure of the database into
 psycopg (Ubuntu ships only its pure-Python implementation) finds libpq through the dynamic linker
 cache, which dpkg refreshes with its deferred `ldconfig` only at the end of an installation, so a
 service started during the installation cannot import it yet; a failed import cannot be repeated
-in the same process either, as psycopg caches the lookup. The services therefore import psycopg
-plainly, and their units wait instead: `ExecStartPre=wait-for-libpq`, a shell script of each
+in the same process either, as psycopg caches the lookup. The services and `vpn-router-setup`
+therefore import psycopg plainly, and their units wait instead: `ExecStartPre=wait-for-libpq`, a shell script of each
 package, waits until `ldconfig -p` lists `libpq.so.5`, within `TimeoutStartSec=5min`. The
 maintainer scripts start the units with `systemctl --no-block` (debhelper's start is turned off),
 because a start that waited would hold dpkg before its `ldconfig`.
@@ -458,7 +458,7 @@ refresh tokens after the operations of `vpnrouter_auth.REVOKING`.

 Consequences: A Manager-only account cannot become a VPN user, as LDAP cannot change an entry's
 structural class and its password hash cannot be copied; it is removed and added again instead.
-It has no certificate, so OpenVPN and road-warrior access refuse it. The administrator's password
+It has no certificate, so OpenVPN and IKEv2 access refuse it. The administrator's password
 is on disk only until setup has run.

 ## ADR-19: The package has an LDAP schema of its own under a UUID OID
@@ -655,8 +655,8 @@ one, so its name is the one the tunnel always had.
 - **Local settings per connection:** each connection has its own `local_cidrs` and
  `local_id_mode`, as each peer expects its own traffic selectors and identity. `wan.local_fqdn`
  stays the router's one name, used by the `fqdn` mode, resolved once for the `public_ip` mode,
-  and used by HTTPS, road-warrior and OpenVPN. `local.cidrs` stays the subnets the router
-  routes, masquerades and offers to road-warrior and OpenVPN clients.
+  and used by HTTPS, IKEv2 and OpenVPN. `local.cidrs` stays the subnets the router
+  routes, masquerades and offers to IKEv2 and OpenVPN clients.
 - **One file:** `vpn-router-setup` writes every connection that is ready to
  `/etc/swanctl/conf.d/site-to-site.conf`, with the proposals and timers the one tunnel had, and
  removes the file when none is. The NAT exemptions pair each connection's `local_cidrs` with its
@@ -766,9 +766,9 @@ signs the requester's CSR, or makes the key and returns it once in a PKCS#12 fil
 the certificate, so a key it gave away cannot leak from it later. The PKCS#12 file uses 3DES and
 SHA-1 MACs, the encryption the key stores of Windows and macOS import. strongSwan reads only the
 first certificate of a PEM file, so each CA has a file of its own in `/etc/swanctl/x509ca`;
-road-warrior and site-to-site name their CA in `cacerts`, which restricts the trust chain to it.
+IKEv2 access and site-to-site name their CA in `cacerts`, which restricts the trust chain to it.

-Consequences: The P2S CA's certificates are accepted by road-warrior and OpenVPN only, the site-to-site CA's by
+Consequences: The P2S CA's certificates are accepted by IKEv2 and OpenVPN only, the site-to-site CA's by
 site-to-site only. With an offline root, new issuing CAs and the root CRL need the offline step,
 and a router whose P2S CA waits has no VPN server certificate and so no P2S access. The router
 keeps the users' keys, as the OpenVPN profile embeds them.
@@ -1141,20 +1141,140 @@ later. S3 and Azure Blob clients are not served.

 Status: Accepted

-Context: Sites get subdomains of a selected domain, delegated to the router, without a registrar
-change per site. Ubuntu has BIND, Knot and PowerDNS; only PowerDNS's gpgsql backend reads records
+Context: The router hosts authoritative domains as their primary, with optional secondary name
+servers, and a domain can give the sites their records without a registrar change per site. Ubuntu
+has BIND, Knot and PowerDNS; only PowerDNS's gpgsql backend reads records
 from PostgreSQL, so changes are rows, without zone files or reloads. systemd-resolved's stub holds
-127.0.0.53, and its stub on the external addresses answers the remote access clients while P2S or
-OpenVPN is enabled.
+127.0.0.53 and 127.0.0.54, and the remote access clients' resolver answered on the external
+addresses, the addresses an authoritative server needs. The clients reach the internal address
+just as well, through the tunnel when it is in `local.cidrs` (ADR-43).

 Decision: While `dns.enabled` is true, setup runs `pdns.service` with
 `/etc/powerdns/pdns.d/vpn-router.conf`, written before the packages are installed, on the
 addresses of `dns.listen`, with the gpgsql backend on the database `vpn-router-dns` and PowerDNS's
-own schema. It writes one zone, `dns.zone`, through the procedure `dns_apply` of
-`/usr/share/vpn-router/sql/dns.sql`: SOA, NS, A and AAAA records of `dns.addresses` for the apex,
-the name server and every site host name in the zone, and manual records administrators add; the
-serial grows only when the records change. `dns.listen` on the external interface is refused while
-P2S or OpenVPN is enabled.
+own schema, and `primary=yes`. The domains, their secondaries and manual records are rows of the
+router's tables in that database, like the sites in `vpn-router-sites`, not settings of
+`vpn-router.json`: they are many and change through the web service. `dns.nameserver` and
+`dns.addresses` stay settings, the router's one identity as the primary NS of every domain. Setup
+writes each domain as a MASTER zone through the procedure `dns_apply` of
+`/usr/share/vpn-router/sql/dns.sql`: SOA, NS of the router and the secondaries, A and AAAA records
+of `dns.addresses` for the apex, the name server and, with the domain's site records switch, every
+site host name whose closest domain it is, and the manual records; the serial grows only when the
+records change, which makes PowerDNS notify. A secondary is a name, its NS, and an address, which
+goes to the domain's `ALSO-NOTIFY` and `ALLOW-AXFR-FROM` metadata, so the global
+`allow-axfr-ips` stays the loopback default. A host name belongs to its closest domain only, and a
+domain inside another is delegated from it with NS records, so a name is never answered by two
+zones. The remote access clients' resolver answers on the addresses of the setting
+`p2s.dns_listen`, by default the internal one; a `dns.listen` that shares an interface with it is
+refused while P2S or OpenVPN is enabled.

-Consequences: The zone follows the sites at each setup run. One zone only, without DNSSEC or
-transfers; the delegation is made at the parent zone by hand.
+Consequences: The domains follow the sites at each setup run. Transfers are authorized by address,
+without TSIG, and there is no DNSSEC; the delegation of each domain is made at its parent zone by
+hand.
+
+## ADR-43: The remote access clients' resolver is dnsmasq, not systemd-resolved
+
+Status: Accepted
+
+Context: IKEv2 and OpenVPN clients were given the router as their DNS server, answered by
+systemd-resolved through a `DNSStubListenerExtra` drop-in. resolved synthesizes records for the
+machine's own host name, all its addresses, the Docker bridge and the tunnel addresses included,
+and for `_gateway` and `localhost`, on every stub, and systemd 255 has no setting that turns this
+off. Its extra stub also took port 53 of the addresses PowerDNS needs. dnsmasq-base is in main,
+a single binary without a service of its own, and forwards to one upstream server.
+
+Decision: `vpn-router-resolver.service` runs dnsmasq, bound to the addresses of `p2s.dns_listen`
+only (`bind-interfaces`), forwarding to resolved's stub on 127.0.0.53, without `/etc/hosts` and
+without forwarding names that have no dot (`domain-needed`). resolved keeps its loopback stubs
+only and stays the router's own resolver, with the upstream servers of the platform. Setup writes
+`/etc/vpn-router/dnsmasq.conf` while IKEv2, OpenVPN or WireGuard runs, opens port 53 there for
+their client networks, and removes the earlier drop-in.
+
+Consequences: Clients resolve the names resolved resolves, Azure's internal names included, but
+not the router's synthesized ones. The package depends on dnsmasq-base. PowerDNS and the clients'
+resolver share no address.
+
+## ADR-44: Apple VPN profiles are unsigned IKEv2 profiles with a PKCS#12 encrypted by a password given per download
+
+Status: Accepted
+
+Context: macOS, iOS and iPadOS connect to the IKEv2 access with their built-in IKEv2 client,
+configured by a configuration profile. The router keeps each user's certificate and key. Apple's
+clients read a PKCS#12 only when it is encrypted with 3DES and SHA-1, send one proposal per SA,
+and show an unsigned profile as unverified.
+
+Decision: The web service builds the profile with `plistlib` and python3-cryptography: the P2S CA
+and the root, the user's PKCS#12 encrypted with a password the caller gives with each request,
+and an IKEv2 payload matching `road-warrior.conf` (EAP-TLS with the certificate, AES-256,
+SHA2-256, group 14). The profile is not signed. Admins get any user's profile through `/users`,
+users their own through `/account` with their current password and code.
+
+Consequences: The password is never stored; the device asks for it when the profile is installed.
+A profile shows as unverified. A changed proposal of `road-warrior.conf` must be changed in the
+profile too. WireGuard is not part of it.
+
+## ADR-45: IKEv2 clients get split DNS domains, p2s.dns_domains
+
+Status: Accepted
+
+Context: The IKEv2 access is a split tunnel. macOS and iOS use the DNS server an IKEv2 VPN
+pushes only for queries scoped to the tunnel, so names only the router resolves, such as Azure's
+internal names, fail. RFC 8598 defines INTERNAL_DNS_DOMAIN (attribute 25): the client resolves the
+listed domains and their subdomains with the VPN's servers. strongSwan's pools take numeric
+attributes with string values; Apple profiles name such domains in `SupplementalMatchDomains`.
+
+Decision: The setting `p2s.dns_domains` lists the domains; setup pushes each as attribute 25 of the
+IKEv2 address pool, and the Apple VPN profile gives them as match domains of the router's resolver,
+the addresses setup records for the web service.
+
+Consequences: Clients resolve the listed domains through the tunnel and everything else with their
+own resolvers. Clients that ignore attribute 25 keep the scoped behaviour; the Apple profile
+covers Apple devices. A changed list reaches an Apple device with a newly installed profile.
+
+## ADR-46: vre opens files in the Shell page's editor over a socket checked by the peer's uid
+
+Status: Accepted
+
+Context: Administrators edit the router's files from the Router Manager's Shell page, in an editor
+of the page rather than a terminal editor. The command that names a file runs in the shell, as the
+console account. The web service runs as root, sandboxed with `ProtectHome=yes`, so it cannot see
+the accounts' home folders. Reading and writing as root would also bypass the account's
+permissions.
+
+Decision: Each shell has a random session in `VPN_ROUTER_SHELL`. `vpn-router-editor` (`vre`) sends
+the session and an absolute path to the web service on `/run/vpn-router/editor.sock`, which anyone
+may connect to. The web service accepts a request only when the peer's uid (`SO_PEERCRED`) is the
+uid of the session's console account. It then tells the shell's client over the shell's WebSocket,
+and the page reads and saves the file through `/shell/editor/<session>/<id>`. Files are read and
+written by `editor-file`, run with `systemd-run --uid=<account> --pipe` outside the sandbox, as the
+shell is. A save carries the SHA-256 of the content it replaces and is refused when the file
+changed since. Files open only while their shell lives.
+
+Consequences: The editor edits only what the console account may; a file only root may write is
+edited in the terminal. `vre` run under sudo is refused, as its uid is not the console account's.
+Each read and save starts a transient unit. Files are limited to 1 MiB of UTF-8 text.
+
+## ADR-47: The web service is the package vpnrouter_web, with one module per family of paths
+
+Status: Accepted
+
+Context: The web service answers about twenty families of paths: the status, the sign-in, the
+identities, the connections, backups, the PKI, logs, web sites, DNS, metrics and the shell with
+its editor. Kept in one script, the code of unrelated paths is read and changed together.
+
+Decision: `/usr/lib/vpn-router/web` only initializes and serves. The package
+`/usr/lib/vpn-router/vpnrouter_web/` holds the rest, laid out next to `vpnrouter_platforms/`:
+
+- `handler`: the `Handler` class, which reads a request, checks its token and routes it.
+- One module per family of paths (`status`, `auth`, `identities`, `connectivity`, `backup`, `pki`,
+  `logs`, `sites`, `dns`, `metrics`, `shell`), each with its constants and state.
+- `common`: what several of them need.
+
+A module imports from `common` and from no other route module, except `auth`, which takes the
+paths of a site's files from `sites`. `handler` imports them all, so the imports have no cycle. A
+function that needs the request takes the `Handler` as its first parameter instead of being a
+method.
+
+Consequences: A change to one family of paths touches one module and the routing in `handler`.
+State shared between requests, such as the open shells, lives in the module that owns it; other
+modules change it and never rebind it.
@@ -3,11 +3,11 @@
 A Debian package that configures a Linux host or virtual machine as a VPN router:

 - site-to-site IKEv2 IPSec with pre-shared key or certificate authentication (strongSwan swanctl)
- road-warrior (P2S) access using IKEv2 EAP-TLS
+- IKEv2 access using EAP-TLS
 - a two-level certificate authority: a root, which may be kept offline, and issuing CAs for the VPN
  clients, for site-to-site and for general use, with certificate templates, published certificates
  and CRLs, and an optional ACME server
- OpenVPN (P2S) access with a certificate and a password per user, the users kept in a local
+- OpenVPN access with a certificate and a password per user, the users kept in a local
  LDAP directory and managed with `vpn-router-user` or the web service
 - optional WireGuard endpoint
 - routing and NAT for a protected subnet, TCP MSS clamping, and UFW firewall rules
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ A Debian package that configures a Linux host or virtual machine as a VPN router
 - metrics of the router kept in PostgreSQL, served for an OpenTelemetry Collector and pushed
  over OTLP
 - static web sites served by Caddy, uploaded through the web service or WebDAV, and an optional
-  authoritative name server (PowerDNS) for a zone of the sites
+  primary name server (PowerDNS) of the router's domains, with secondaries and records for the sites

 Nothing in the package is specific to a cloud provider. It is built on the external and
 internal NIC names, and a `mode` setting says how much of the rest you are supplying and
@@ -108,13 +108,15 @@ must have the type shown below; an unknown section or setting is an error.
 | `general` | `mode` | string | `manual` | How much you supply: `manual`, `interfaces` or `auto` |
 | `interfaces` | `external` | string | | Name of the NIC facing the untrusted network |
 | `interfaces` | `internal` | string | | Name of the NIC facing the protected network |
-| `wan` | `local_fqdn` | string | | This router's name or IP address: its IKE identity in `fqdn` mode, the name resolved in `public_ip` mode, and the name of HTTPS, road-warrior and OpenVPN |
-| `local` | `cidrs` | list | | Local subnets routed via the internal side, masqueraded to the external one, and offered to road-warrior and OpenVPN clients |
+| `wan` | `local_fqdn` | string | | This router's name or IP address: its IKE identity in `fqdn` mode, the name resolved in `public_ip` mode, and the name of HTTPS, IKEv2 and OpenVPN |
+| `local` | `cidrs` | list | | Local subnets routed via the internal side, masqueraded to the external one, and offered to IKEv2 and OpenVPN clients |
 | `local` | `int_addr` | string | | This host's address on the internal network |
 | `local` | `int_gateway_ip` | string | | Next hop on the internal side |
 | `site_to_site` | | object | | The site-to-site connections, each a name and an object of the settings below |
-| `p2s` | `enabled` | boolean | `false` | Road-warrior access |
-| `p2s` | `address_pool` | string | | CIDR assigned to road-warrior clients |
+| `p2s` | `enabled` | boolean | `false` | IKEv2 access |
+| `p2s` | `address_pool` | string | | CIDR assigned to IKEv2 clients |
+| `p2s` | `dns_domains` | list | | The domains IKEv2 clients resolve with the router's resolver (INTERNAL_DNS_DOMAIN, RFC 8598, and the match domains of the Apple VPN profile), at most 16 |
+| `p2s` | `dns_listen` | string | `internal` | The addresses of the resolver the IKEv2, OpenVPN and WireGuard clients are given: `internal`, `external` or `both` |
 | `wireguard` | `enabled` | boolean | `false` | WireGuard endpoint |
 | `wireguard` | `address` | string | | The router's own address on `wg0` with the prefix of the peers' network, for example `192.168.200.1/24`; the network and the broadcast address of a network larger than /31 are refused |
 | `wireguard` | `listen_port` | integer | `51820` | UDP port |
@@ -145,10 +147,9 @@ must have the type shown below; an unknown section or setting is an error.
 | `sites` | `upload_max_mb` | integer | `512` | The largest upload of a site's file or zip archive, in MiB, 1 to 10240 |
 | `sites` | `webdav` | boolean | `false` | WebDAV of the sites' folders, which needs `https.enabled` and `wan.local_fqdn` (see WebDAV) |
 | `sites` | `webdav_port` | integer | `7445` | HTTPS port of WebDAV |
-| `dns` | `enabled` | boolean | `false` | The name server of `dns.zone`, which needs `dns.zone`, `dns.nameserver` and `dns.addresses` (see Name server) |
-| `dns` | `zone` | string | | The zone the name server answers for |
-| `dns` | `nameserver` | string | | The name server's host name |
-| `dns` | `addresses` | list | | The public addresses of the zone's apex, the name server and the sites' host names |
+| `dns` | `enabled` | boolean | `false` | The primary name server of the router's domains, which needs `dns.nameserver` and `dns.addresses` (see Name server) |
+| `dns` | `nameserver` | string | | The name server's host name, the primary NS of every domain |
+| `dns` | `addresses` | list | | The public addresses of the name server, the domains' apexes and the sites' host names |
 | `dns` | `listen` | string | `external` | The interfaces the name server answers on: `internal`, `external` or `both` |
 | `dns` | `ttl` | integer | `300` | TTL of the records, 60 to 86400 seconds |
 | `pki` | `root_name` | string | `VPN Router Root CA` | Common name of the root CA, when the router creates it |
@@ -250,9 +251,9 @@ A minimal site-to-site configuration in `auto` mode:
 The router's IKE identity (`wan.local_fqdn` in `fqdn` mode) and the remote one (`id`) are
 an FQDN or an IPv4 or IPv6 address. They are written to the strongSwan configuration as given;
 strongSwan reads an address as an IP identity and a name as an FQDN, so a leading `@` is not needed
-and is refused. Road-warrior and OpenVPN access need a name in `wan.local_fqdn`.
+and is refused. IKEv2 and OpenVPN access need a name in `wan.local_fqdn`.

-WireGuard peers are P2S users' devices: a VPN user of the router's directory may have up to 16
+WireGuard peers are VPN users' devices: a VPN user of the router's directory may have up to 16
 peers, each with its public key and its IPs, IPv4 addresses or networks, kept in the user's
 entry (`vpnRouterWireGuardPeer`) and set with `PUT /users/<name>` (`wireguard_peers`) or on the
 WireGuard tab of the Router Manager's Remote access management. A key is used by one peer only,
@@ -397,11 +398,11 @@ systemctl restart vpn-router-setup
 The service also runs at boot. With platform `none` it does nothing and says so.
 Otherwise it regenerates the configuration files, resolves the interfaces and their
 addresses as `mode` directs, applies routes, generates WireGuard keys and injects
-firewall rules. It provisions the user directory in `slapd` while OpenVPN or road-warrior
+firewall rules. It provisions the user directory in `slapd` while OpenVPN or IKEv2
 access is configured. It then starts `strongswan`, `wg-quick@wg0` and
 `openvpn-server@vpn-router` if the corresponding feature is configured, reloading or
 restarting them only when their inputs changed, and
-restarts `systemd-resolved` only when the road-warrior DNS drop-in changed. Turning a
+restarts the remote access clients' resolver only when its configuration changed. Turning a
 feature off in the configuration stops its service and removes its files. Every step is
 idempotent, so restarting with no changes does nothing.

@@ -448,7 +449,7 @@ The root signs the issuing CAs only (path length 1), and the issuing CAs sign th
 (path length 0):

 - `p2s`, named `pki.p2s_name`, signs the router's VPN server certificate, which IKEv2 and OpenVPN
-  present, and the users' certificates. Road-warrior and OpenVPN accept client certificates of
+  present, and the users' certificates. IKEv2 and OpenVPN accept client certificates of
  this CA only.
 - `s2s`, named `pki.s2s_name`, signs the router's site-to-site certificate and the certificates
  of its peers.
@@ -634,8 +635,8 @@ certificate and key from `/etc/caddy/vpn-router-pki/<name>/`, readable by its gr
 With `openvpn.enabled`, an `address_pool` and `wan.local_fqdn` set, `vpn-router-setup` runs
 `openvpn-server@vpn-router` with `/etc/openvpn/server/vpn-router.conf`. The server uses the
 router's VPN server certificate, the root and the P2S CA and their CRLs (see Certificates),
-pushes routes to `local.cidrs` and the router as DNS server, and opens `openvpn.port` on the
-external interface.
+pushes routes to `local.cidrs` and the router's addresses of `p2s.dns_listen` as DNS servers, and
+opens `openvpn.port` on the external interface.

 A client needs both a certificate of the P2S CA and the password of the user the
 certificate names:
@@ -651,7 +652,7 @@ certificate names:
 ### The user directory

 Once a platform is chosen, `vpn-router-setup` keeps a directory of users in the local slapd,
-whether or not OpenVPN or road-warrior access is enabled, so users can be managed before either
+whether or not OpenVPN or IKEv2 access is enabled, so users can be managed before either
 is switched on:

 - its own database, `dc=vpn-router,dc=local` in `/var/lib/ldap/vpn-router`, next to the one the
@@ -772,9 +773,29 @@ When the Router Manager is installed with an administrator (its debconf question
 Manager-only account, adds it to the group `admins`, which it creates when missing, and removes
 the file.

-The certificate is also accepted by road-warrior (IKEv2 EAP-TLS) access, which checks
+The certificate is also accepted by IKEv2 (EAP-TLS) access, which checks
 certificates only, so `disable` does not affect it; `remove` revokes the certificate for both.

+### Apple VPN profile
+
+While `p2s.enabled` is `true` and `wan.local_fqdn` is set, `/users/<name>/apple-profile` and a
+user's own `/account/apple-profile` give an unsigned Apple configuration profile (`.mobileconfig`)
+that sets up IKEv2 access in the built-in VPN client of macOS, iOS and iPadOS. It holds:
+
+- the P2S CA and the root CA, the root installed as a trusted root;
+- the user's certificate and key as a PKCS#12 encrypted with the password of the request, with
+  3DES and SHA-1, the only encryption Apple's clients read; the device asks for the password when
+  the profile is installed, and the router does not keep it;
+- an IKEv2 VPN to `wan.local_fqdn`, with the user name as the local identity, the certificate over
+  EAP-TLS, and AES-256, SHA2-256 and group 14 for IKE and ESP, as the router's IKEv2
+  connection (`road-warrior`) takes them;
+- with `p2s.dns_domains`, the router's resolver for those domains and their subdomains
+  (`SupplementalMatchDomains`). macOS and iOS use the DNS server of a VPN that does not carry all
+  traffic only for its match domains.
+
+The password is 8 to 128 characters. A user asking for the own profile also gives the current
+password and, when enrolled, a code.
+
 ### Console login and SSH

 A member of `admins` enrolled for TOTP may have console login: the Router Manager's Shell page
@@ -871,16 +892,23 @@ deploying.
 which is how a deferred install is expressed. `generic` is the module to choose when the
 router should be configured but the platform adds nothing.

-The shipped modules currently add nothing. Road-warrior clients are given the router
-itself as their DNS server and the router forwards through its own `systemd-resolved`, so
-no provider resolver has to be advertised or routed through the tunnel on any platform.
+The shipped modules currently add nothing. IKEv2, OpenVPN and WireGuard clients are given the
+router's addresses of `p2s.dns_listen` as their DNS servers, by default the internal address,
+the WireGuard clients in the configuration the Router Manager makes for a device (`DNS =`),
+where `vpn-router-resolver.service`, dnsmasq with `/etc/vpn-router/dnsmasq.conf`, answers and
+the firewall opens port 53 for the client pools and the WireGuard network, so no provider resolver has to be advertised or
+routed through the tunnel on any platform. dnsmasq forwards to `systemd-resolved` on
+127.0.0.53, which keeps only its loopback stubs, and forwards no name without a dot, so the
+router's own host name, `_gateway` and `localhost` are not answered to the clients. The clients reach
+the internal address when it is inside `local.cidrs`, which they route through the tunnel. Port 53
+of the other addresses stays free for the name server (see Name server).
 The modules exist as the documented place for platform specifics if that changes.

 A module may define any of the following, and takes the default for anything it omits:

 | Name | Type | Effect |
 |---|---|---|
-| `EXTRA_P2S_DNS` | `str` | added to the road-warrior pool `dns` list |
+| `EXTRA_P2S_DNS` | `str` | added to the `dns` list of the IKEv2 address pool |
 | `EXTRA_LOCAL_TS` | `str` | added to `local_ts` on both connections |
 | `apply(ctx)` | function | called once the system is configured, to apply platform-specific state; must be idempotent |

@@ -913,7 +941,7 @@ configuration: no key, identity, subnet, or address but the client's. They show
 |---|---|
 | `basic` (default) | The overall status (`ok` or `degraded`), the time and the Client IP |
 | `standard` | Also the `vpn-router` version, the `vpn-router-manager` version or that it is not installed, and the number of active services and of services in any other state, without their names |
-| `full` | Also each service and its state, Docker, how many site-to-site connections are set up and how many of them are established (`site_to_site`: `connections` and `established`, `null` when swanctl cannot be asked), road-warrior, OpenVPN and WireGuard |
+| `full` | Also each service and its state, Docker, how many site-to-site connections are set up and how many of them are established (`site_to_site`: `connections` and `established`, `null` when swanctl cannot be asked), IKEv2, OpenVPN and WireGuard |

 The Client IP is the address the request came from: the last entry of `X-Forwarded-For` for a
 request from one of `web.trusted_proxies`, by default the address the request came in on, so
@@ -924,6 +952,14 @@ The service first makes its signing key, the OpenID Provider's key and the refre
 database, retrying every 15 seconds, for example while PostgreSQL is not running yet, and logs
 each failure; then it listens.

+The service is `/usr/lib/vpn-router/web`, which starts it, and the package
+`/usr/lib/vpn-router/vpnrouter_web/`, which answers the requests:
+
+- `handler`: reads each request, checks its token, and passes it to the module of its path.
+- `common`: what the modules share.
+- One module per family of paths: `status`, `auth`, `identities`, `connectivity`, `backup`,
+  `pki`, `logs`, `sites`, `dns`, `metrics` and `shell`.
+
 ### Bootstrap diagnostics

 Until a run of `vpn-router-setup` has succeeded, every run starts `vpn-router-bootstrap`, which
@@ -948,7 +984,7 @@ curl http://10.0.0.4:17081/
 | `/status` | The same status as JSON |
 | `/auth` | Signing in with a user's password and TOTP code, refreshing and signing out |
 | `/config` | The configuration without its secret options, and what the router resolved and runs, as JSON; needs a token |
-| `/users` | The users of OpenVPN and road-warrior access; needs a token |
+| `/users` | The users of OpenVPN and IKEv2 access; needs a token |
 | `/service-accounts` | The service accounts; needs a token |
 | `/groups` | The groups of users; needs a token |
 | `/site-to-site` | The site-to-site connections: list, add, change and remove; needs a token |
@@ -961,14 +997,14 @@ curl http://10.0.0.4:17081/
 The status holds the state of `vpn-router-setup`, `slapd` and each PostgreSQL cluster unit
 (`postgresql@<version>-<cluster>`, or `postgresql` as `no cluster` without one), of
 `vpn-router-manager` when that package is installed, of `strongswan` when site-to-site or
-road-warrior access is configured, of `wg-quick@wg0` when WireGuard is, and of
+IKEv2 access is configured, of `wg-quick@wg0` when WireGuard is, and of
 `openvpn-server@vpn-router` when OpenVPN is; the number of connected
 OpenVPN clients, from the server's status file, which OpenVPN rewrites every 5 seconds; the package version and,
 as `manager_version`, the installed version of `vpn-router-manager` (`null`, shown as not installed, without it); whether
 Docker is installed, and when it is, the state of `docker.service` and of `vpn-router-docker`
 (the Docker rules), which do not change `status`; as `site_to_site`, the number of site-to-site
 connections that are set up (`connections`) and of those established (`established`, `null` when
-swanctl cannot be asked), without their names; the number of connected road-warrior (IPsec P2S) clients; and
+swanctl cannot be asked), without their names; the number of connected IKEv2 clients; and
 the WireGuard peers with the age of their last handshake and their traffic. `status` is `ok` when
 all these services are active, and `degraded` otherwise.

@@ -979,7 +1015,7 @@ curl http://10.0.0.4:7081/status

 ### Tokens and signing in

-`/config`, `/users`, `/service-accounts`, `/groups`, `/site-to-site`, `/backup`, `/remote-access`, `/ca`, `/logs`, `/sites`, `/dns`, `/shell` and `/account` need a JWT in an `Authorization: Bearer` header, signed with
+`/config`, `/metrics/history`, `/metrics/settings`, `/users`, `/service-accounts`, `/groups`, `/site-to-site`, `/backup`, `/remote-access`, `/ca`, `/logs`, `/sites`, `/dns`, `/shell` and `/account` need a JWT in an `Authorization: Bearer` header, signed with
 HS256 by the key the web service makes on its first run, `/etc/vpn-router/web.key` (root only).
 The key never leaves the router; while it does not exist these paths and `/auth` are not served
 (404). A missing, expired or wrongly signed token, or one of another algorithm, gets 401 with
@@ -1071,6 +1107,34 @@ off or the TOTP enrolment removed; the router then sends a close frame with the
 journal of `vpn-router-web` records who opened each shell, from which address, in which unit,
 when it ended and why, and each refused ticket or shell with the reason.

+#### The editor of the shell
+
+In the shell, `vpn-router-editor FILE...`, or its short name `vre`, opens files in the editor of
+the Router Manager's Shell page and returns at once:
+
+```sh
+vre /etc/vpn-router/vpn-router.json ~/notes.txt
+```
+
+- **How the files reach the page:** each shell has its session in `VPN_ROUTER_SHELL`. `vre`
+  names each file, as an absolute path, with that session on the socket
+  `/run/vpn-router/editor.sock`. The web service accepts it only from a process that runs as the
+  shell's console account, and sends the page a text message `{"editor": "open", "session", "id", "path"}`
+  over the shell's WebSocket.
+- **Reading and saving:** the page uses the routes below, which need the user's access token. The
+  file is read and written as the console account by `/usr/lib/vpn-router/editor-file`, run with
+  `systemd-run --uid --pipe`, so the account's permissions apply. A save writes the file in place,
+  keeping its owner and mode, and creates a file that does not exist.
+- **Limits:** only regular files of UTF-8 text up to 1 MiB, and at most 20 open files per shell.
+- **Lifetime:** the files are open while the shell lives. `vre` outside the Router Manager's shell
+  exits with status 2.
+
+| Request | Body | Answer |
+| --- | --- | --- |
+| `GET /shell/editor/<session>/<id>` | | `{"path", "content", "version"}`, `version` the SHA-256 of the content |
+| `PUT /shell/editor/<session>/<id>` | `{"content", "version"}` | `{"path", "version"}`; 409 when the file no longer has `version` |
+| `DELETE /shell/editor/<session>/<id>` | | `{"path", "closed": true}` |
+
 ### The /config page

 `/config` shows what `/` and `/status` leave out, for a client such as manage-ui:
@@ -1106,8 +1170,8 @@ read at each request:
 | `GET /logs/file?path=<path>&lines=<n>` | `{"lines": [...]}`: the last lines of a file `web.log_files` lists |

 The units are the package's own (`vpn-router-setup`, `-web`, `-metrics`, `-pki`, `-backup`,
-`-caddy`), `vpn-router-manager`, `caddy`, `slapd`, `nslcd`, `postgresql`, `strongswan`,
-`wg-quick@wg0`, `openvpn-server@vpn-router` and `ssh`. `lines` is 1 to 1000, 200 without it. A
+`-caddy`, `-resolver`, `-webdav`), `vpn-router-manager`, `caddy`, `slapd`, `nslcd`, `postgresql`,
+`strongswan`, `wg-quick@wg0`, `openvpn-server@vpn-router`, `ssh` and `pdns`. `lines` is 1 to 1000, 200 without it. A
 file is read from at most its last MiB, so very long lines give fewer lines. A unit or a file not
 in the lists is 404, as is a listed file that does not exist.

@@ -1148,10 +1212,15 @@ curl -X PUT -H "Authorization: Bearer $TOKEN" --data-binary @site.zip \

 | Request | Answer |
 | --- | --- |
-| `GET /dns` | `{"settings", "installed", "running", "records", "manual", "problem"}`: the `dns` section, whether PowerDNS is installed and runs, the records it serves, the manual records, and why they cannot be read, `null` when they can |
+| `GET /dns` | `{"settings", "installed", "running", "domains", "problem"}`: the `dns` section, whether PowerDNS is installed and runs, the domains, each `{"name", "sites", "ttl", "secondaries", "manual", "records"}` with its secondaries `{"nameserver", "address"}`, its manual records and the records it serves, and why they cannot be read, `null` when they can |
 | `PUT /dns` | Changes any of the settings of the `dns` section |
-| `POST /dns/records` | Adds a manual record: `{"name", "type", "content", "ttl"?}`; `name` is relative to `dns.zone`, `@` for the zone itself, or absolute with a final dot, and `ttl` is `dns.ttl` without it |
-| `DELETE /dns/records?name=&type=&content=` | Removes the manual records of the name and type, only the one of `content` when it is given |
+| `POST /dns/domains` | Adds a domain: `{"name", "sites"?, "ttl"?}`; an existing name is 409 |
+| `PUT /dns/domains/<domain>` | Changes `sites` or `ttl` of the domain |
+| `DELETE /dns/domains/<domain>` | Removes the domain with its secondaries and manual records |
+| `POST /dns/domains/<domain>/secondaries` | Adds a secondary name server, or changes its address: `{"nameserver", "address"}` |
+| `DELETE /dns/domains/<domain>/secondaries/<nameserver>` | Removes the secondary name server |
+| `POST /dns/domains/<domain>/records` | Adds a manual record: `{"name", "type", "content", "ttl"?}`; `name` is relative to the domain, `@` for the domain itself, or absolute with a final dot, and `ttl` is the domain's without it |
+| `DELETE /dns/domains/<domain>/records?name=&type=&content=` | Removes the manual records of the name and type, only the one of `content` when it is given |

 A TXT content without quotes is quoted; MX is `<preference> <host>`, SRV `<priority> <weight>
 <port> <host>` and CAA `<flags> <tag> "<value>"`. A CNAME must be its name's only record.
@@ -1173,6 +1242,7 @@ and answer bodies are JSON; a request body is at most 65536 bytes.
 | `POST /users/<name>/unlock` | | the user |
 | `DELETE /users/<name>` | | `{"name", "removed": true}` |
 | `GET /users/<name>/profile` | | `{"name", "profile"}`, the OpenVPN client profile |
+| `POST /users/<name>/apple-profile` | `{"password"}` | `{"name", "profile"}`, the Apple configuration profile of IKEv2 access (see Apple VPN profile) |
 | `POST /users/<name>/otp` | | `{"name", "secret", "uri"}`, a new TOTP secret; nothing is stored |
 | `PUT /users/<name>/otp` | `{"secret", "code"}` | the user, once the code matches the secret |
 | `DELETE /users/<name>/otp` | | the user |
@@ -1182,7 +1252,7 @@ and answer bodies are JSON; a request body is at most 65536 bytes.
 A failure is `{"error": ...}` with 400 for an invalid request, 404 for a user that does not
 exist or is a service account, 409 for a user that exists and 500 otherwise. `/users` does not
 list service accounts; `/service-accounts` serves them. `/users` works whether or not OpenVPN or
-road-warrior access is enabled; the profile needs OpenVPN. Passwords, private keys and TOTP
+IKEv2 access is enabled; the profile needs OpenVPN. Passwords, private keys and TOTP
 secrets cross the internal network in plain HTTP, like the token.

 ```bash
@@ -1229,6 +1299,8 @@ router manages them, their display name and description included. A failure is o
 | `POST /account/passkeys` | `{"current_password", "current_code"}` | `{"id", "options"}`: a pending registration, valid 2 minutes, and the options of `navigator.credentials.create` in their JSON form |
 | `PUT /account/passkeys` | `{"id", "credential", "label"?}`, `credential` the browser's answer as its `toJSON()` gives it; `label` at most 64 characters, `Passkey` without one | the user |
 | `DELETE /account/passkeys/<id>` | | the user |
+| `POST /account/profile` | `{"current_password", "current_code"}` | `{"name", "profile"}`, the user's OpenVPN client profile |
+| `POST /account/apple-profile` | `{"current_password", "current_code", "password"}` | `{"name", "profile"}`, the user's Apple configuration profile of IKEv2 access (see Apple VPN profile) |

 `current_code` is needed only for a user enrolled for TOTP; removing a passkey needs neither. A wrong current password or code gets
 403 and counts as a failed login; slapd accepts each code once, so a code used to sign in is not
@@ -1296,14 +1368,26 @@ The answer of `GET /backup` holds:

 A change is made, checked and applied as for `/site-to-site`.

+### The /metrics/settings API
+
+`/metrics/settings` shows and changes the settings of the metrics service, with the same token as
+`/users`.
+
+| Request | Body | Answer |
+| --- | --- | --- |
+| `GET /metrics/settings` | | `{"settings"}`: the `metrics` section without `otlp_password`, with `otlp_password_set` |
+| `PUT /metrics/settings` | any of the settings of the `metrics` section; an empty or absent `otlp_password` keeps the secret, and an empty `otlp_username` removes it | `{"settings"}` |
+
+A change is made, checked and applied as for `/site-to-site`.
+
 ### The /remote-access API

-`/remote-access` shows and changes the remote access systems, IKEv2 road-warrior (`p2s`),
+`/remote-access` shows and changes the remote access systems, IKEv2 (`p2s`),
 OpenVPN (`openvpn`) and WireGuard (`wireguard`), with the same token as `/users`.

 | Request | Body | Answer |
 | --- | --- | --- |
-| `GET /remote-access` | | `{"p2s", "openvpn", "wireguard", "running", "local_fqdn", "wireguard_server"}`; `wireguard_server` is `{"public_key", "endpoint", "allowed_ips"}`: the router's WireGuard public key (`null` before setup made it), `<wan.local_fqdn>:<wireguard.listen_port>` (`null` without a name) and the networks a peer reaches through the tunnel, the router's local CIDRs and the WireGuard network |
+| `GET /remote-access` | | `{"p2s", "openvpn", "wireguard", "running", "local_fqdn", "wireguard_server"}`; `wireguard_server` is `{"public_key", "endpoint", "allowed_ips", "dns"}`: the router's WireGuard public key (`null` before setup made it), `<wan.local_fqdn>:<wireguard.listen_port>` (`null` without a name), the networks a peer reaches through the tunnel, the router's local CIDRs and the WireGuard network, and the addresses of the remote access clients' resolver (`[]` while it does not run) |
 | `PUT /remote-access/<system>` | any of the settings of the section `p2s`, `openvpn` or `wireguard` | the section |

 `running` tells for each system whether setup runs it. IKEv2 and OpenVPN run once enabled with an
@@ -1551,9 +1635,9 @@ vpn-config-edit set --restart sites.webdav true
 ### Name server

 While `dns.enabled` is `true`, `vpn-router-setup` runs PowerDNS (`pdns.service`) as the
-authoritative name server of one zone, `dns.zone`, on port 53 of the addresses of `dns.listen`
+primary name server of the router's domains, on port 53 of the addresses of `dns.listen`
 (`internal`, `external`, the default, or `both`), which the firewall opens for UDP and TCP. The
-records are in the database `vpn-router-dns` (password in `/etc/vpn-router/dns-database.secret`),
+domains and records are in the database `vpn-router-dns` (password in `/etc/vpn-router/dns-database.secret`),
 read by PowerDNS's gpgsql backend; setup writes the settings
 `/etc/powerdns/pdns.d/vpn-router.conf` (root, group `pdns`, 0640) and installs `pdns-server` and
 `pdns-backend-pgsql` from the Ubuntu archive with `vpn-router-install@dns.service` when they are
@@ -1561,21 +1645,31 @@ missing, without the recommended bind backend.

 | Setting | Meaning |
 | --- | --- |
-| `dns.zone` | The zone, such as `sites.example.com` |
-| `dns.nameserver` | The name server's host name, the zone's NS and the SOA's primary |
-| `dns.addresses` | The public addresses of the zone's apex, of the name server when it is in the zone, and of every host name of an enabled site in the zone |
-| `dns.ttl` | The TTL of the records and the SOA's negative TTL, 60 to 86400 seconds, 300 by default |
+| `dns.nameserver` | The name server's host name, the primary NS and the SOA's primary of every domain |
+| `dns.addresses` | The public addresses of the domains' apexes, of the name server in a domain it is inside, and of the sites' host names |
+| `dns.ttl` | The TTL of the records and the SOA's negative TTL of a domain without its own, 60 to 86400 seconds, 300 by default |

-Records added with `/dns` or the Router Manager (A, AAAA, CNAME, TXT, MX, SRV, CAA) are served
-too, but not those of a name and type the zone's own records have. Setup writes the zone at each
-run; the SOA's serial grows only when the records change. While P2S or OpenVPN is enabled,
-systemd-resolved answers their clients on port 53 of the external addresses, so `dns.listen` must
-be `internal`. The parent zone must delegate `dns.zone` to `dns.nameserver`, with glue records for
-a name server inside the zone.
+The domains are added with `/dns` or the Router Manager, each with:
+
+- **Site records**: every host name of an enabled site gets A and AAAA records of `dns.addresses`
+  in the closest domain it is in, when that domain has site records;
+- **TTL**: the TTL of its records, `dns.ttl` when not set;
+- **Secondaries**: name servers, each a host name, which becomes an NS of the domain, and the
+  address it transfers the domain from. The router notifies that address of every change and
+  allows it zone transfers (AXFR); a secondary's name inside the domain gets an A or AAAA record of
+  that address;
+- **Manual records** (A, AAAA, CNAME, TXT, MX, SRV, CAA), served too, but not those of a name and
+  type the domain's own records have.
+
+A domain inside another domain of the router is delegated from it with NS records. Setup writes the
+domains at each run, and after each change through `/dns`; the SOA's serial grows only when the
+records change. While IKEv2, OpenVPN or WireGuard is enabled, dnsmasq answers their clients on port 53
+of the addresses of `p2s.dns_listen`, by default the internal address, so `dns.listen` must not
+share an interface with it. The parent zone of each domain must delegate it to `dns.nameserver` and
+the secondaries, with glue records for name servers inside the domain.

 ```sh
-vpn-config-edit set dns.zone sites.example.com
-vpn-config-edit set dns.nameserver ns1.sites.example.com
+vpn-config-edit set dns.nameserver ns1.example.com
 vpn-config-edit set dns.addresses 203.0.113.10
 vpn-config-edit set --restart dns.enabled true
 ```
@@ -1590,7 +1684,7 @@ takes a sample of the router with `psutil`:
 - the free and the total space of `/`;
 - the bytes received and sent per second on the external and the internal interface;
 - the 1, 5 and 15 minute load averages;
- the VPN clients of each enabled VPN system: road-warrior (IPsec P2S) and OpenVPN clients, and
+- the VPN clients of each enabled VPN system: IKEv2 and OpenVPN clients, and
  WireGuard peers with a handshake in the last 3 minutes;
 - for each site-to-site connection that is set up: whether it is up (1 or 0), the bytes and the
  packets per second received and sent through its child SAs since the previous sample, and the
@@ -1,3 +1,158 @@
+vpn-router (0.35.1-1) unstable; urgency=medium
+
+  update: the router web service is split into the package vpnrouter_web, with one module per family of paths.
+
+  * /usr/lib/vpn-router/web initializes and serves; the package
+    /usr/lib/vpn-router/vpnrouter_web/ answers the requests, with a module
+    for the status, the sign-in, the identities, the connections, backups,
+    the PKI, logs, web sites, DNS, metrics and the shell. The paths, the
+    answers and the log messages are the same.
+
+ -- Slawomir Koszewski <slawek@koszewscy.waw.pl>  Thu, 29 Oct 2026 18:20:50 +0100
+
+vpn-router (0.35.0-1) unstable; urgency=medium
+
+  feature: vre opens files from the Router Manager's shell in the editor of its Shell page.
+
+  * vpn-router-editor FILE..., or vre, in the shell of the Router Manager
+    opens the files in the editor of the Shell page and returns at once;
+    outside that shell it exits with status 2.
+  * GET, PUT and DELETE /shell/editor/<session>/<id> read, save and close
+    a file opened so, as the shell's console account; a save is refused
+    with 409 when the file changed since it was read.
+  * The editor takes regular files of UTF-8 text up to 1 MiB, at most 20
+    per shell, while the shell lives.
+
+ -- Slawomir Koszewski <slawek@koszewscy.waw.pl>  Thu, 29 Oct 2026 18:02:27 +0100
+
+vpn-router (0.34.0-1) unstable; urgency=medium
+
+  feature: the web service shows and changes the settings of the metrics service at /metrics/settings, and OpenVPN starts on a new router, as setup installs CRLs that revoke nothing.
+
+  * GET and PUT /metrics/settings show and change the metrics section;
+    otlp_password is never shown, an empty one keeps it, and an empty
+    otlp_username removes it.
+  * A CRL without revoked certificates is installed for strongSwan and
+    OpenVPN.
+
+ -- Slawomir Koszewski <slawek@koszewscy.waw.pl>  Wed, 28 Oct 2026 22:00:00 +0100
+
+vpn-router (0.33.3-1) unstable; urgency=medium
+
+  fix: vpn-router-setup runs on a new installation once libpq can be found.
+
+  * The vpn-router-setup unit waits, with wait-for-libpq, until libpq is in
+    the linker cache before it runs setup.
+  * The package starts vpn-router-setup without waiting for it.
+
+ -- Slawomir Koszewski <slawek@koszewscy.waw.pl>  Wed, 28 Oct 2026 21:00:00 +0100
+
+vpn-router (0.33.2-1) unstable; urgency=medium
+
+  fix: the router's IPsec remote access is called IKEv2 instead of road-warrior.
+
+  * The README, the package description, the installer's questions, the
+    status page, the messages of the web service and the examples say
+    IKEv2 access and IKEv2 clients; the strongSwan connection keeps its
+    name, road-warrior.
+
+ -- Slawomir Koszewski <slawek@koszewscy.waw.pl>  Tue, 27 Oct 2026 23:00:00 +0100
+
+vpn-router (0.33.1-1) unstable; urgency=medium
+
+  fix: the name server is the primary of any number of domains, each with secondary name servers and a switch for the records of the sites.
+
+  * The domains, their secondaries and manual records are kept in the
+    vpn-router-dns database and changed through /dns/domains; dns.zone is
+    removed.
+  * Each domain is served as a primary zone: the router and its
+    secondaries are its NS, and each secondary's address is notified of
+    changes and may transfer the zone.
+  * A domain with site records gives the host names of the enabled sites
+    in it A and AAAA records of dns.addresses; a domain inside another is
+    delegated from it.
+  * Manual records belong to a domain; those of the single zone are
+    dropped.
+
+ -- Slawomir Koszewski <slawek@koszewscy.waw.pl>  Tue, 27 Oct 2026 20:00:00 +0100
+
+vpn-router (0.33.0-1) unstable; urgency=medium
+
+  feature: road-warrior clients resolve the domains of the new setting p2s.dns_domains with the router's resolver.
+
+  * p2s.dns_domains lists up to 16 domains; setup pushes them to IKEv2
+    clients as INTERNAL_DNS_DOMAIN (RFC 8598, attribute 25) of the
+    road-warrior pool.
+  * The Apple VPN profile names them as match domains of the router's
+    resolver, which macOS and iOS use for those domains.
+
+ -- Slawomir Koszewski <slawek@koszewscy.waw.pl>  Tue, 27 Oct 2026 18:00:00 +0100
+
+vpn-router (0.32.1-1) unstable; urgency=medium
+
+  fix: a VPN user downloads the own OpenVPN client profile through /account, with the current password and code.
+
+  * POST /account/profile answers the user's OpenVPN client profile; it
+    needs the current password and, when enrolled, a code.
+
+ -- Slawomir Koszewski <slawek@koszewscy.waw.pl>  Tue, 27 Oct 2026 16:00:00 +0100
+
+vpn-router (0.32.0-1) unstable; urgency=medium
+
+  feature: the web service gives Apple VPN profiles that set up IKEv2 road-warrior access on macOS, iOS and iPadOS.
+
+  * POST /users/<name>/apple-profile and POST /account/apple-profile answer
+    an unsigned .mobileconfig with the P2S CA and the root CA, the user's
+    certificate and key as a PKCS#12 encrypted with the password of the
+    request, and an IKEv2 VPN to wan.local_fqdn with EAP-TLS and the
+    proposals of the road-warrior connection.
+  * A user's own profile needs the current password and, when enrolled, a
+    code.
+
+ -- Slawomir Koszewski <slawek@koszewscy.waw.pl>  Tue, 27 Oct 2026 14:00:00 +0100
+
+vpn-router (0.31.3-1) unstable; urgency=medium
+
+  fix: WireGuard clients may use the router's DNS resolver, which runs while WireGuard does, and /remote-access names its addresses for their configuration.
+
+  * The firewall opens port 53 of the remote access clients' resolver for
+    the WireGuard network, as it does for the IKEv2 and OpenVPN pools.
+  * The resolver runs while WireGuard is the only remote access enabled.
+  * GET /remote-access answers the resolver's addresses as
+    wireguard_server.dns.
+  * dns.listen may not share an interface with p2s.dns_listen while
+    WireGuard is enabled either.
+
+ -- Slawomir Koszewski <slawek@koszewscy.waw.pl>  Tue, 27 Oct 2026 12:00:00 +0100
+
+vpn-router (0.31.2-1) unstable; urgency=medium
+
+  fix: dnsmasq answers the remote access clients' DNS queries, so they no longer get the router's own host name with all its addresses from systemd-resolved.
+
+  * vpn-router-resolver.service runs dnsmasq on the addresses of
+    p2s.dns_listen, forwarding to systemd-resolved's stub on 127.0.0.53;
+    names without a dot are not forwarded. The package depends on
+    dnsmasq-base.
+  * systemd-resolved keeps its loopback stubs only; setup removes the
+    drop-in that made it listen for the clients.
+  * /logs shows the journal of vpn-router-resolver, vpn-router-webdav and
+    pdns.
+
+ -- Slawomir Koszewski <slawek@koszewscy.waw.pl>  Tue, 27 Oct 2026 11:00:00 +0100
+
+vpn-router (0.31.1-1) unstable; urgency=medium
+
+  fix: the remote access clients' resolver answers on the internal address by default, chosen by p2s.dns_listen, so the name server can take port 53 of the external addresses.
+
+  * The new setting p2s.dns_listen chooses the addresses of the resolver the
+    road-warrior and OpenVPN clients are given: internal, the default,
+    external or both. The firewall opens port 53 for the client pools on
+    those addresses only.
+  * dns.listen is refused only when it shares an interface with
+    p2s.dns_listen while IKEv2 or OpenVPN is enabled.
+
+ -- Slawomir Koszewski <slawek@koszewscy.waw.pl>  Mon, 26 Oct 2026 23:00:00 +0100
+
 vpn-router (0.31.0-1) unstable; urgency=medium

  feature: Caddy serves static web sites from folders on the router, defined in their own database, with files uploaded through the web service or WebDAV, and an optional PowerDNS name server answers for a zone of the sites.
@@ -38,6 +38,7 @@ Depends: ${misc:Depends},
         openvpn-auth-ldap,
         iproute2,
         systemd-resolved,
+         dnsmasq-base,
         zstd
 Recommends: bash-completion
 Suggests: caddy,
@@ -45,10 +46,10 @@ Suggests: caddy,
          pdns-server,
          pdns-backend-pgsql,
          proxmox-backup-client-static
-Description: Linux VPN router with IPSec, road-warrior, OpenVPN and WireGuard support
+Description: Linux VPN router with IPSec, IKEv2, OpenVPN and WireGuard support
 Configures a Linux host or virtual machine as a VPN router: site-to-site
 IKEv2 IPSec (strongSwan swanctl) with pre-shared keys or certificates,
- optional road-warrior access using EAP-TLS, optional OpenVPN with a
+ optional IKEv2 access using EAP-TLS, optional OpenVPN with a
 certificate and a password per user, kept in a local LDAP directory, optional
 WireGuard, and the routing, NAT, MSS clamping and firewall rules a router
 needs. Its two-level CA, whose root may be kept offline, has issuing CAs for
@@ -17,6 +17,8 @@ src/usr/lib/vpn-router/install-packages               usr/lib/vpn-router/
 src/usr/lib/vpn-router/webdav-auth                    usr/lib/vpn-router/
 src/usr/lib/vpn-router/openvpn-same-user              usr/lib/vpn-router/
 src/usr/lib/vpn-router/openvpn-issuer                 usr/lib/vpn-router/
+src/usr/lib/vpn-router/editor-file                    usr/lib/vpn-router/
+src/usr/bin/vpn-router-editor                         usr/bin/
 src/usr/sbin/vpn-router-user                          usr/sbin/
 src/usr/sbin/vpn-router-group                         usr/sbin/
 src/usr/sbin/vpn-router-token                         usr/sbin/
@@ -29,6 +31,7 @@ src/usr/lib/vpn-router/configure                      usr/lib/vpn-router/
 src/usr/lib/vpn-router/docker-rules                   usr/lib/vpn-router/
 src/usr/lib/vpn-router/setup                          usr/lib/vpn-router/
 src/usr/lib/vpn-router/web                            usr/lib/vpn-router/
+src/usr/lib/vpn-router/vpnrouter_web/*.py             usr/lib/vpn-router/vpnrouter_web/
 src/usr/lib/vpn-router/metrics                        usr/lib/vpn-router/
 src/usr/lib/vpn-router/bootstrap                      usr/lib/vpn-router/
 src/usr/lib/vpn-router/wait-for-libpq                 usr/lib/vpn-router/
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+usr/bin/vpn-router-editor usr/bin/vre
@@ -71,9 +71,11 @@ case "$1" in
        # setting the forward policy all belong to vpn-router-setup, which does
        # them only once the configuration says this host is a router.

-        # The web service waits for libpq in the linker cache, which dpkg
-        # refreshes after this script, so it is started without waiting for it.
+        # The setup and web services wait for libpq in the linker cache, which
+        # dpkg refreshes after this script, so they are started without waiting
+        # for them.
        if [ -d /run/systemd/system ]; then
+            systemctl --no-block restart vpn-router-setup.service >/dev/null 2>&1 || true
            systemctl --no-block restart vpn-router-web.service >/dev/null 2>&1 || true
        fi
        ;;
@@ -46,6 +46,7 @@ case "$1" in
        rm -f /etc/swanctl/conf.d/site-to-site.conf \
              /etc/swanctl/conf.d/road-warrior.conf \
              /etc/systemd/resolved.conf.d/p2s-forwarder.conf \
+              /etc/vpn-router/dnsmasq.conf \
              /etc/wireguard/wg0.conf \
              /etc/openvpn/server/vpn-router.conf \
              /etc/openvpn/server/vpn-router-ldap.conf \
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 	dh $@

 override_dh_installsystemd:
-	dh_installsystemd --name=vpn-router-setup
+	dh_installsystemd --name=vpn-router-setup --no-start
 	dh_installsystemd --name=vpn-router-docker
 	dh_installsystemd --name=vpn-router-web --no-start
 	dh_installsystemd --name=vpn-router-metrics --no-enable --no-start
@@ -12,4 +12,5 @@ override_dh_installsystemd:
 	dh_installsystemd --name=vpn-router-pki --no-enable --no-start
 	dh_installsystemd --name=vpn-router-caddy --no-enable --no-start
 	dh_installsystemd --name=vpn-router-webdav --no-enable --no-start
+	dh_installsystemd --name=vpn-router-resolver --no-enable --no-start
 	dh_installsystemd --name=vpn-router-install@ --no-enable --no-start
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ Choices: none, generic, azure, gcp
 Default: none
 Description: Platform:
 Which platform this router runs on. The choice loads platform-specific
- additions, such as the provider DNS resolver for road-warrior clients.
+ additions, such as the provider DNS resolver for IKEv2 clients.
 .
 none defers configuration entirely: the package installs its files and
 changes nothing on the machine. Choose it when the router will be configured
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ Type: string
 Default:
 Description: Local router FQDN:
 Fully-qualified domain name of this router (for example
- router.example.com). Used as the road-warrior server identity and
+ router.example.com). Used as the IKEv2 server identity and
 certificate common name.

 Template: vpn-router/local_id_mode
@@ -122,15 +122,15 @@ Description: Pre-shared key (PSK):
 Template: vpn-router/p2s_enabled
 Type: boolean
 Default: false
-Description: Enable road-warrior (P2S) access?
+Description: Enable IKEv2 access?
 If enabled, this router accepts IKEv2 EAP-TLS connections from individual
 clients, with certificates of the router's P2S issuing CA.

 Template: vpn-router/p2s_address_pool
 Type: string
 Default:
-Description: Road-warrior address pool:
- CIDR block assigned to road-warrior clients (for example 172.16.0.0/24).
+Description: IKEv2 address pool:
+ CIDR block assigned to IKEv2 clients (for example 172.16.0.0/24).

 Template: vpn-router/pki_root_name
 Type: string
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+[Unit]
+Description=VPN Router DNS resolver of the remote access clients
+Documentation=file:/usr/share/doc/vpn-router/README.md
+After=network-online.target systemd-resolved.service
+Wants=network-online.target
+ConditionPathExists=/etc/vpn-router/dnsmasq.conf
+
+[Service]
+Type=simple
+ExecStart=/usr/sbin/dnsmasq --keep-in-foreground --pid-file= --log-facility=- --conf-file=/etc/vpn-router/dnsmasq.conf
+Restart=on-failure
+RestartSec=5
+
+[Install]
+WantedBy=multi-user.target
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ After=network-online.target docker.service postgresql.service

 [Service]
 Type=oneshot
+ExecStartPre=/usr/lib/vpn-router/wait-for-libpq
 ExecStart=/usr/lib/vpn-router/setup
 RemainAfterExit=yes

@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+#!/usr/bin/python3
+"""Open files in the editor of the Router Manager's Shell page, from the shell of that page; vre is its short name.
+
+Each file is named to the router's web service over SOCKET with the shell's session,
+$VPN_ROUTER_SHELL, which the web service sets in the shells it starts; the Shell page then shows
+the file in a tab of its editor, where it is read and saved. The command returns at once. A
+relative path is taken from the current directory, and a file that does not exist is created when
+it is saved. The exit status is 0 when every file was opened, 1 when the web service refused one,
+with its reason, and 2 outside the Router Manager's shell or for an invalid request. -h or --help
+shows the usage.
+
+  vre FILE...
+"""
+
+import argparse
+import json
+import os
+import socket
+import sys
+
+#: The socket of the router's web service that opens files in the editor of a shell.
+SOCKET = '/run/vpn-router/editor.sock'
+
+#: Seconds to wait for the web service's answer.
+TIMEOUT = 10
+
+
+class Parser(argparse.ArgumentParser):
+    """An argument parser whose errors end with status 2."""
+
+    def error(self, message):
+        print(f'{self.prog}: {message}; see {self.prog} --help', file=sys.stderr)
+        sys.exit(2)
+
+
+def opened(session, path):
+    """Ask the web service to open the file in the editor of the session; None, or the reason it refused."""
+    with socket.socket(socket.AF_UNIX, socket.SOCK_STREAM) as connection:
+        connection.settimeout(TIMEOUT)
+        connection.connect(SOCKET)
+        connection.sendall(json.dumps({'session': session, 'path': path}).encode() + b'\n')
+        answer = json.loads(connection.makefile('rb').readline() or b'{}')
+    return None if answer.get('ok') is True else str(answer.get('error', 'no answer'))
+
+
+def main(argv):
+    prog = os.path.basename(sys.argv[0])
+    parser = Parser(prog=prog, description="Open files in the editor of the Router Manager's Shell page.")
+    parser.add_argument('files', nargs='+', metavar='FILE', help='a file to open')
+    options = parser.parse_args(argv)
+    session = os.environ.get('VPN_ROUTER_SHELL', '')
+    if not session:
+        print(f'{prog}: {prog} works only in the shell of the Router Manager', file=sys.stderr)
+        return 2
+    status = 0
+    for name in options.files:
+        path = os.path.abspath(os.path.expanduser(name))
+        try:
+            reason = opened(session, path)
+        except (OSError, ValueError) as exc:
+            reason = f'the web service cannot be reached: {exc}'
+        if reason:
+            print(f'{prog}: {path}: {reason}', file=sys.stderr)
+            status = 1
+        else:
+            print(f'Opened {path} in the editor of the Shell page.')
+    return status
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    sys.exit(main(sys.argv[1:]))
@@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
+#!/usr/bin/python3
+"""Read or write a file of the editor of the Router Manager's Shell page, as the user it runs as.
+
+The web service runs it with systemd-run --uid=<console account> --pipe, outside its sandbox, so the
+file is read and written with the rights of the shell's user. The version of a content is the
+hexadecimal SHA-256 of its bytes; a missing file has the version of the empty content.
+
+  editor-file read PATH             print the content of the file; nothing for a missing file
+  editor-file write PATH VERSION    replace the content with standard input when the file still has
+                                    VERSION, writing in place, so its owner, mode and links stay;
+                                    a missing file is created
+
+Only regular files of at most MAX_BYTES bytes of UTF-8 text are read and written. The exit status
+is 0 on success, 2 for a file that is refused, with the reason on standard error, 3 when the file
+does not have VERSION any more, and 1 for any other failure.
+"""
+
+import hashlib
+import os
+import sys
+
+#: The largest file the editor opens, in bytes.
+MAX_BYTES = 1024 * 1024
+
+
+class Refused(Exception):
+    """A file the editor does not open or write; status is the exit status."""
+
+    def __init__(self, message, status=2):
+        super().__init__(message)
+        self.status = status
+
+
+def text(data, path):
+    """The bytes when they are UTF-8 text of at most MAX_BYTES; Refused otherwise."""
+    if len(data) > MAX_BYTES:
+        raise Refused(f'{path} is larger than {MAX_BYTES // 1024} KiB')
+    try:
+        data.decode('utf-8')
+    except UnicodeDecodeError:
+        raise Refused(f'{path} is not UTF-8 text')
+    return data
+
+
+def current(path):
+    """The content of the file, b'' when it does not exist; Refused for a file that is not a regular one."""
+    if not os.path.lexists(path):
+        return b''
+    if not os.path.isfile(path):
+        raise Refused(f'{path} is not a regular file')
+    with open(path, 'rb') as handle:
+        return text(handle.read(MAX_BYTES + 1), path)
+
+
+def main(argv):
+    if len(argv) < 2 or (argv[0], len(argv)) not in (('read', 2), ('write', 3)):
+        print('usage: editor-file read PATH | editor-file write PATH VERSION', file=sys.stderr)
+        return 2
+    path = argv[1]
+    try:
+        if argv[0] == 'read':
+            sys.stdout.buffer.write(current(path))
+            return 0
+        content = text(sys.stdin.buffer.read(MAX_BYTES + 1), path)
+        if hashlib.sha256(current(path)).hexdigest() != argv[2]:
+            raise Refused(f'{path} changed since it was read', 3)
+        with open(path, 'r+b' if os.path.lexists(path) else 'xb') as handle:
+            handle.write(content)
+            handle.truncate()
+            handle.flush()
+            os.fsync(handle.fileno())
+    except Refused as refused:
+        print(refused, file=sys.stderr)
+        return refused.status
+    except OSError as exc:
+        print(f'{exc.filename or path}: {exc.strerror}', file=sys.stderr)
+        return 1
+    return 0
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    sys.exit(main(sys.argv[1:]))
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ disables the unit.
 Every SAMPLE_SECONDS, on the minute, a sample is taken with psutil: the CPU utilization since the
 previous sample, the memory used and in total, the free and the total space of /, the bytes
 received and sent per second on the external and the internal interface, and the load averages;
-and the VPN clients of each enabled VPN system (vpnrouter_status): road-warrior (p2s) and
+and the VPN clients of each enabled VPN system (vpnrouter_status): IKEv2 (p2s) and
 OpenVPN clients and WireGuard peers with a recent handshake; and of each site-to-site connection
 that is set up, whether it is up, the bytes and packets per second through its child SAs since
 the previous sample, and how long its IKE SA has been up. The interfaces, the enabled systems and
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ from vpnrouter import fail, warn
 BEFORE_RULES = pathlib.Path('/etc/ufw/before.rules')
 UFW_DEFAULTS = pathlib.Path('/etc/default/ufw')
 WG_DIR       = pathlib.Path('/etc/wireguard')
-WEB_STATE    = pathlib.Path('/run/vpn-router/web.json')
+WEB_STATE    = vpnrouter.WEB_STATE

 #: The state, the current step and the failure of the last run, which the bootstrap services show.
 SETUP_STATE  = pathlib.Path('/run/vpn-router/setup.json')
@@ -81,6 +81,9 @@ CADDY_PKI_DIR = pathlib.Path('/etc/caddy/vpn-router-pki')
 #: The certificates and keys of the sites of tls file, <site>/cert.pem and key.pem.
 CADDY_SITES_DIR = pathlib.Path('/etc/caddy/vpn-router-sites')

+#: The unit of dnsmasq, the resolver of the remote access clients.
+RESOLVER_UNIT = 'vpn-router-resolver.service'
+
 #: The unit of rclone's WebDAV server of the sites' folders.
 WEBDAV_UNIT = 'vpn-router-webdav.service'

@@ -240,11 +243,13 @@ def filter_block(ctx):
        lines += ['# OPENVPN RULES END']

    pools = [pool for ready, pool in ((vpnrouter.p2s_ready(ctx), ctx['p2s_address_pool']),
-                                      (vpnrouter.openvpn_ready(ctx), ctx['openvpn_pool'])) if ready]
-    if pools and ctx['local_addr_list']:
+                                      (vpnrouter.openvpn_ready(ctx), ctx['openvpn_pool']),
+                                      (vpnrouter.wg_ready(ctx), ctx['wg_network'])) if ready]
+    # The remote access clients' resolver answers on the addresses of p2s.dns_listen.
+    if pools and ctx['p2s_resolver_addrs']:
        lines += ['', '# P2S DNS RULES START']
        for pool in pools:
-            for address in ctx['local_addr_list']:
+            for address in ctx['p2s_resolver_addrs']:
                lines += [
                    f'-A ufw-before-input -s {pool} -d {address} -p udp --dport 53 -j ACCEPT',
                    f'-A ufw-before-input -s {pool} -d {address} -p tcp --dport 53 -j ACCEPT',
@@ -675,6 +680,19 @@ def caddy_address(host, port, tls):
    return f'{"http://" if tls == "none" else ""}{host}:{port}'


+def manage_resolver(changed):
+    """Run dnsmasq, the resolver of the remote access clients, while configure wrote its configuration, restarting it when
+    that changed, and stop it when not. It starts after systemd-resolved has left the addresses it takes."""
+    if not vpnrouter.RESOLVER_CONF.exists():
+        if unit_is_active(RESOLVER_UNIT):
+            run(['systemctl', 'disable', '--now', RESOLVER_UNIT], check=False)
+        return
+    if not unit_is_active(RESOLVER_UNIT):
+        run(['systemctl', 'enable', '--now', RESOLVER_UNIT], check=False)
+    elif 'resolver' in changed:
+        run(['systemctl', 'restart', RESOLVER_UNIT], check=False)
+
+
 def manage_caddy(cfg, ctx):
    """Run Caddy, the HTTPS proxy of the router's services and the server of the web sites, while either is wanted, and
    stop it when not.
@@ -803,12 +821,12 @@ def manage_webdav(ctx):


 def manage_dns(cfg, ctx):
-    """Run PowerDNS, the name server of dns.zone, on the addresses of dns.listen while DNS is enabled, and stop it when
-    not; its packages are installed when they are missing.
+    """Run PowerDNS, the primary name server of the domains of vpnrouter_dns, on the addresses of dns.listen while DNS
+    is enabled, and stop it when not; its packages are installed when they are missing.

    The settings, vpnrouter_dns.PDNS_CONF, are written before the packages are installed, so the server their
-    installation starts answers on those addresses only, beside systemd-resolved's stub on 127.0.0.53. The zone gets
-    the host names of the enabled sites, and keeps those it has while the sites cannot be read.
+    installation starts answers on those addresses only, beside systemd-resolved's stub on 127.0.0.53. The domains
+    with site records get the host names of the enabled sites, and keep those they have while the sites cannot be read.
    """
    if not vpnrouter.dns_ready(ctx):
        if unit_is_active(vpnrouter_dns.UNIT):
@@ -936,6 +954,7 @@ def refresh_web(cfg, ctx):
            'internal_address': ctx['int_addr'],
            'internal_gateway': ctx['int_gateway_ip'],
            'local_cidrs': ctx['local_cidr_list'],
+            'client_dns': ctx['p2s_resolver_addrs'] if vpnrouter.RESOLVER_CONF.exists() else [],
            'site_to_site': [{
                'name': connection['name'],
                'local_identity': connection['local_id'],
@@ -1061,6 +1080,8 @@ def main():
    if 'resolved' in changed:
        progress('running', 'resolver')
        run(['systemctl', 'restart', 'systemd-resolved'], check=False)
+    progress('running', 'resolver of the remote access clients')
+    manage_resolver(changed)

    progress('running', 'platform module')
    run_platform_setup(cfg, ctx)
@@ -31,12 +31,17 @@ from vpnrouter_net import DEFAULT_LISTEN, LISTEN_CHOICES, LOOPBACK, ConfigError,

 CONFIG_FILE  = pathlib.Path('/etc/vpn-router/vpn-router.json')
 CONFIG_LOCK  = pathlib.Path('/run/vpn-router/config.lock')
+#: What setup resolved and runs, for the web service (setup's refresh_web).
+WEB_STATE    = pathlib.Path('/run/vpn-router/web.json')
 TEMPLATE_DIR = pathlib.Path('/usr/share/vpn-router/templates')

 SWANCTL_CONF_D = pathlib.Path('/etc/swanctl/conf.d')
 SITE_TO_SITE   = SWANCTL_CONF_D / 'site-to-site.conf'
 ROAD_WARRIOR   = SWANCTL_CONF_D / 'road-warrior.conf'
+#: The drop-in of systemd-resolved that earlier versions wrote for the remote access clients; removed when found.
 P2S_FORWARDER  = pathlib.Path('/etc/systemd/resolved.conf.d/p2s-forwarder.conf')
+#: The configuration of dnsmasq, the resolver of the remote access clients (vpn-router-resolver.service).
+RESOLVER_CONF  = pathlib.Path('/etc/vpn-router/dnsmasq.conf')
 WG_CONF        = pathlib.Path('/etc/wireguard/wg0.conf')
 #: The router's WireGuard public key, which setup writes with its private key.
 WG_PUBLIC_KEY  = pathlib.Path('/etc/wireguard/wg0.pub')
@@ -53,7 +58,7 @@ SCHEMA = {
    'wan':        {'local_fqdn': ''},
    'local':      {'cidrs': [], 'int_addr': '', 'int_gateway_ip': ''},
    'site_to_site': {},
-    'p2s':        {'enabled': False, 'address_pool': ''},
+    'p2s':        {'enabled': False, 'address_pool': '', 'dns_listen': 'internal', 'dns_domains': []},
    'wireguard':  {'enabled': False, 'address': '', 'listen_port': 51820},
    'openvpn':    {'enabled': False, 'address_pool': '', 'port': 1194, 'protocol': 'udp'},
    'docker':     {'mode': 'auto', 'exposed_ports': []},
@@ -64,7 +69,7 @@ SCHEMA = {
    'https':      {'enabled': True, 'email': '', 'web_port': 7444, 'manager_port': 7443, 'caddy_source': 'ubuntu'},
    'oidc':       {'enabled': False},
    'sites':      {'enabled': False, 'upload_max_mb': 512, 'webdav': False, 'webdav_port': 7445},
-    'dns':        {'enabled': False, 'zone': '', 'nameserver': '', 'addresses': [], 'listen': 'external', 'ttl': 300},
+    'dns':        {'enabled': False, 'nameserver': '', 'addresses': [], 'listen': 'external', 'ttl': 300},
    'pki':        {'root_name': 'VPN Router Root CA', 'root_days': 7300, 'ca_days': 3650, 'key': 'rsa-4096',
                   'crl_days': 7, 'root_crl_days': 180, 'publish': ['http'], 'p2s_name': 'VPN Router P2S CA',
                   's2s_name': 'VPN Router Site-to-Site CA', 'issuing_cas': {}, 'templates': {},
@@ -141,9 +146,13 @@ UPLOAD_MAX_MB = 10240
 #: The shortest and the longest dns.ttl, in seconds.
 DNS_TTL_RANGE = (60, 86400)

-#: A DNS name without a wildcard, in lowercase, of dns.zone and dns.nameserver.
+#: A DNS name without a wildcard, in lowercase, of dns.nameserver and the domains of the name server.
 ZONE_NAME = re.compile(r'^[a-z0-9]([a-z0-9-]{0,61}[a-z0-9])?(\.[a-z0-9]([a-z0-9-]{0,61}[a-z0-9])?)+$')

+#: A domain of p2s.dns_domains, one label or more, and the most domains.
+DNS_DOMAIN = re.compile(r'^[a-z0-9]([a-z0-9-]{0,61}[a-z0-9])?(\.[a-z0-9]([a-z0-9-]{0,61}[a-z0-9])?)*$')
+DNS_DOMAINS_MAX = 16
+
 #: The ports of the bootstrap services: the Router Manager's and the router's.
 BOOTSTRAP_PORTS = (17080, 17081)

@@ -570,20 +579,31 @@ def validate(cfg):

    dns = cfg['dns']
    if dns['enabled']:
-        for option in ('zone', 'nameserver'):
-            if not ZONE_NAME.match(dns[option].strip()):
-                raise ConfigError(f'dns.{option}: {dns[option]!r} is not a DNS name in lowercase')
+        if not ZONE_NAME.match(dns['nameserver'].strip()):
+            raise ConfigError(f'dns.nameserver: {dns["nameserver"]!r} is not a DNS name in lowercase')
        if not _get_list(cfg, 'dns', 'addresses'):
-            raise ConfigError('dns.enabled needs dns.addresses, the public addresses of the zone')
+            raise ConfigError('dns.enabled needs dns.addresses, the public addresses of the name server and the sites')
    for item in _get_list(cfg, 'dns', 'addresses'):
        _check_address(item, 'dns.addresses')
    if dns['listen'] not in LISTEN_CHOICES:
        raise ConfigError(f'dns.listen: {dns["listen"]!r} is not one of {", ".join(LISTEN_CHOICES)}')
    if not DNS_TTL_RANGE[0] <= dns['ttl'] <= DNS_TTL_RANGE[1]:
        raise ConfigError(f'dns.ttl: {dns["ttl"]} is not between {DNS_TTL_RANGE[0]} and {DNS_TTL_RANGE[1]} seconds')
-    if dns['enabled'] and dns['listen'] != 'internal' and (_get(cfg, 'p2s', 'enabled') or _get(cfg, 'openvpn', 'enabled')):
-        raise ConfigError('dns.listen: port 53 of the external addresses is the resolver of the remote access clients '
-                          'while p2s.enabled or openvpn.enabled is true; the name server can listen on internal only')
+    dns_domains = _get_list(cfg, 'p2s', 'dns_domains')
+    if len(dns_domains) > DNS_DOMAINS_MAX or len(set(dns_domains)) != len(dns_domains):
+        raise ConfigError(f'p2s.dns_domains: at most {DNS_DOMAINS_MAX} different domains')
+    for item in dns_domains:
+        if not DNS_DOMAIN.match(item):
+            raise ConfigError(f'p2s.dns_domains: {item!r} is not a DNS name in lowercase')
+    resolver_listen = _get(cfg, 'p2s', 'dns_listen')
+    if resolver_listen not in LISTEN_CHOICES:
+        raise ConfigError(f'p2s.dns_listen: {resolver_listen!r} is not one of {", ".join(LISTEN_CHOICES)}')
+    sides = {'internal': {'internal'}, 'external': {'external'}, 'both': {'internal', 'external'}}
+    remote_access = any(_get(cfg, system, 'enabled') for system in ('p2s', 'openvpn', 'wireguard'))
+    if dns['enabled'] and remote_access and sides[dns['listen']] & sides[resolver_listen]:
+        raise ConfigError(f'dns.listen: port 53 of the {" and ".join(sorted(sides[dns["listen"]] & sides[resolver_listen]))} '
+                          f'addresses is the resolver of the remote access clients (p2s.dns_listen {resolver_listen}) '
+                          'while p2s.enabled, openvpn.enabled or wireguard.enabled is true')

    for option in ('root_name', 'p2s_name', 's2s_name'):
        value = _get(cfg, 'pki', option)
@@ -933,6 +953,10 @@ def build_context(cfg, public_ip=None):
    openvpn_pool = _get(cfg, 'openvpn', 'address_pool')
    openvpn_network = ipaddress.ip_network(openvpn_pool) if openvpn_pool else None
    identities = {'fqdn': local_fqdn, 'public_ip': public_ip or '', 'internal_ip': int_addr}
+    # The addresses the remote access clients' resolver answers on, which p2s.dns_listen chooses.
+    resolver_addrs = [address for address in {'internal': [int_addr], 'external': local_addrs,
+                                               'both': [int_addr, *local_addrs]}[_get(cfg, 'p2s', 'dns_listen')]
+                      if address]

    connections = []
    for name, connection in cfg['site_to_site'].items():
@@ -976,9 +1000,13 @@ def build_context(cfg, public_ip=None):
        'p2s_enabled':     _get(cfg, 'p2s', 'enabled'),
        'p2s_address_pool': _get(cfg, 'p2s', 'address_pool'),
        'public_ip':       public_ip or '',
-        'p2s_dns':         _join(local_addrs, _split_list(extras['EXTRA_P2S_DNS'])),
+        'p2s_resolver_addrs': resolver_addrs,
+        'p2s_dns_domains': _get_list(cfg, 'p2s', 'dns_domains'),
+        'p2s_dns':         _join(resolver_addrs, _split_list(extras['EXTRA_P2S_DNS'])),
        'wg_enabled':      _get(cfg, 'wireguard', 'enabled'),
        'wg_address':      _get(cfg, 'wireguard', 'address'),
+        'wg_network':      str(ipaddress.ip_interface(_get(cfg, 'wireguard', 'address')).network)
+                           if _get(cfg, 'wireguard', 'address') else '',
        'wg_listen_port':  _get(cfg, 'wireguard', 'listen_port'),
        'wg_peers_begin':  WG_PEERS_BEGIN,
        'wg_peers_end':    WG_PEERS_END,
@@ -994,7 +1022,7 @@ def build_context(cfg, public_ip=None):
        'openvpn_ldap_conf': str(OPENVPN_LDAP),
        'openvpn_status':  vpnrouter_status.OPENVPN_STATUS,
        'openvpn_status_seconds': vpnrouter_status.OPENVPN_STATUS_SECONDS,
-        'p2s_dns_list':    _split_list(_join(local_addrs, _split_list(extras['EXTRA_P2S_DNS']))),
+        'p2s_dns_list':    _split_list(_join(resolver_addrs, _split_list(extras['EXTRA_P2S_DNS']))),
        'openvpn_ca':      str(vpnrouter_pki.OPENVPN_CA),
        'openvpn_crl':     str(vpnrouter_pki.OPENVPN_CRL),
        'server_cert':     str(vpnrouter_pki.VPN_SERVER_CERT),
@@ -1035,7 +1063,7 @@ def routing_ready(ctx):


 def p2s_ready(ctx):
-    """Road-warrior access needs its settings and the router's VPN server certificate, which the P2S CA issues."""
+    """IKEv2 access needs its settings and the router's VPN server certificate, which the P2S CA issues."""
    return bool(ctx['p2s_enabled'] and ctx['p2s_address_pool'] and ctx['local_fqdn'] and ctx['server_certificate'])


@@ -1064,7 +1092,7 @@ def webdav_ready(ctx):


 def dns_ready(ctx):
-    """The name server answers for dns.zone while dns.enabled is true."""
+    """The name server answers for its domains while dns.enabled is true."""
    return bool(ctx['dns_enabled'])


@@ -1161,7 +1189,7 @@ def configure(cfg=None, public_ip=None):
    """Render configuration files and provision PKI.

    Returns (ctx, changed) where changed is a set naming what needs reloading:
-    'swanctl', 'resolved', 'wireguard', 'openvpn'.
+    'swanctl', 'resolved', 'resolver', 'wireguard', 'openvpn'.
    """
    if cfg is None:
        cfg = load_config()
@@ -1218,11 +1246,15 @@ def configure(cfg=None, public_ip=None):
    elif remove(ROAD_WARRIOR):
        changed.add('swanctl')

-    if p2s_ready(ctx) or openvpn_ready(ctx):
-        if render(env, ctx, 'p2s-forwarder.conf.j2', P2S_FORWARDER, 0o644):
-            changed.add('resolved')
-    elif remove(P2S_FORWARDER):
+    # The resolver of the remote access clients is dnsmasq on the addresses of p2s.dns_listen; systemd-resolved keeps
+    # its loopback stub only, so its records of the router's own name stay on the router.
+    if remove(P2S_FORWARDER):
        changed.add('resolved')
+    if (p2s_ready(ctx) or openvpn_ready(ctx) or wg_ready(ctx)) and ctx['p2s_resolver_addrs']:
+        if render(env, ctx, 'dnsmasq.conf.j2', RESOLVER_CONF, 0o644):
+            changed.add('resolver')
+    elif remove(RESOLVER_CONF):
+        changed.add('resolver')

    if wg_ready(ctx):
        if render_wg_conf(env, ctx):
@@ -1,14 +1,19 @@
 """The router's authoritative name server, PowerDNS with its gpgsql backend, for vpn-router-setup and the web service.

-The name server answers for one zone, dns.zone, on the addresses of the interfaces of dns.listen. Its records are in
-the vpn-router-dns database, which provision() creates with its role and the password in DATABASE_SECRET, and fills with
+The name server is the primary of its domains and answers on the addresses of the interfaces of dns.listen. The
+domains, their secondary name servers and the records an administrator added (manual records) are in the
+vpn-router-dns database, which provision() creates with its role and the password in DATABASE_SECRET, and fills with
 the schema of pdns-backend-pgsql, PDNS_SCHEMA; DNS_SQL defines the router's own tables and procedures, and the first
-connection of a process loads it. apply() writes the zone: its SOA, its NS, dns.nameserver, A and AAAA records of
-dns.addresses for the zone's apex, for the name server when it is in the zone, and for every host name of an enabled
-site in the zone, and the records an administrator added (manual records), but those of a name and type the records
-before them have. The serial of the SOA grows only when the records change.
+connection of a process loads it.

-Every failure of the database raises DatabaseError; a record that cannot be added raises Failure.
+apply() writes every domain as a primary zone: its SOA with dns.nameserver, its NS, dns.nameserver and the name
+servers of its secondaries, the NS of the domains directly below it, A and AAAA records of dns.addresses for its apex,
+for those name servers inside it that are the router, and, when the domain has site records, for every host name of an
+enabled site whose closest domain it is, and the manual records, but those of a name and type the records before them
+have. A secondary's address is notified of every change (ALSO-NOTIFY) and may transfer the zone (ALLOW-AXFR-FROM); the
+serial of the SOA grows only when the records change.
+
+Every failure of the database raises DatabaseError; a request that cannot be done raises Failure.
 """

 import contextlib
@@ -19,6 +24,7 @@ import re
 import psycopg
 from psycopg.rows import dict_row

+import vpnrouter
 import vpnrouter_auth

 DATABASE = 'vpn-router-dns'
@@ -38,7 +44,9 @@ GROUP = 'pdns'
 #: The types of the manual records.
 TYPES = ('A', 'AAAA', 'CNAME', 'TXT', 'MX', 'SRV', 'CAA')

-#: The most manual records.
+#: The most domains, secondaries of a domain, and manual records of a domain.
+DOMAINS_MAX = 100
+SECONDARIES_MAX = 8
 MANUAL_MAX = 1000

 #: The refresh, retry and expire times of the SOA, in seconds.
@@ -65,7 +73,8 @@ class DatabaseError(Exception):


 class Failure(Exception):
-    """A record that cannot be added or removed; status is 2 invalid, 3 no such record."""
+    """A request that cannot be done; status is 2 invalid, 3 no such domain, secondary or record, 4 the domain
+    exists."""

    def __init__(self, message, status=2):
        super().__init__(message)
@@ -173,87 +182,210 @@ def check_record(zone, record):
    return {'name': name, 'type': kind, 'content': content, 'ttl': ttl}


-def manual():
-    """The manual records."""
-    with database() as connection:
-        return connection.execute('SELECT * FROM dns_manual_list()').fetchall()
+def closest(zones, name):
+    """The longest of the zones the name is in, None when it is in none."""
+    return max((zone for zone in zones if in_zone(zone, name)), key=len, default=None)


-def add(cfg, record):
-    """Add the manual record, or set the TTL of the same one; the record."""
-    zone = cfg['dns']['zone'].strip()
-    if not zone:
-        raise Failure('dns.zone is not set')
-    record = check_record(zone, record)
-    record['ttl'] = record['ttl'] or cfg['dns']['ttl']
+def check_domain(name):
+    """The domain name in lowercase without a final dot; Failure when it is not a DNS name."""
+    if not isinstance(name, str) or not vpnrouter.ZONE_NAME.match(name.strip().lower().rstrip('.')):
+        raise Failure(f'{name!r} is not a domain name')
+    return name.strip().lower().rstrip('.')
+
+
+def check_ttl(ttl):
+    if ttl is not None and (isinstance(ttl, bool) or not isinstance(ttl, int) or
+                            not vpnrouter.DNS_TTL_RANGE[0] <= ttl <= vpnrouter.DNS_TTL_RANGE[1]):
+        raise Failure(f'ttl must be {vpnrouter.DNS_TTL_RANGE[0]} to {vpnrouter.DNS_TTL_RANGE[1]} seconds')
+    return ttl
+
+
+def domain(connection, name):
+    """The domain; Failure with status 3 when there is none."""
+    row = next((row for row in connection.execute('SELECT * FROM dns_domains_list()').fetchall()
+                if row['name'] == name), None)
+    if row is None:
+        raise Failure(f'no domain {name}', 3)
+    return row
+
+
+def listing():
+    """Every domain with its secondaries, its manual records and the records the name server answers for it."""
    with database() as connection:
-        records = connection.execute('SELECT * FROM dns_manual_list()').fetchall()
-        same = [row for row in records if (row['name'], row['type']) == (record['name'], record['type'])]
-        others = [row for row in records if row['name'] == record['name'] and row['type'] != record['type']]
-        if len(records) >= MANUAL_MAX and record not in records:
-            raise Failure(f'the zone has {MANUAL_MAX} manual records')
-        if record['type'] == 'CNAME' and (others or [row for row in same if row['content'] != record['content']]):
+        secondaries = connection.execute('SELECT * FROM dns_secondaries_list()').fetchall()
+        manual = connection.execute('SELECT * FROM dns_records_list()').fetchall()
+        return [{**row,
+                 'secondaries': [{key: item[key] for key in ('nameserver', 'address')}
+                                 for item in secondaries if item['domain'] == row['name']],
+                 'manual': [{key: item[key] for key in ('name', 'type', 'content', 'ttl')}
+                            for item in manual if item['domain'] == row['name']],
+                 'records': connection.execute('SELECT * FROM dns_served(%s)', (row['name'],)).fetchall()}
+                for row in connection.execute('SELECT * FROM dns_domains_list()').fetchall()]
+
+
+def domain_add(body):
+    """Add the domain {name, sites, ttl?}; the domain."""
+    if not isinstance(body, dict) or not isinstance(body.get('sites', False), bool):
+        raise Failure('a domain is an object of name, sites and ttl')
+    name, sites, ttl = check_domain(body.get('name')), body.get('sites', False), check_ttl(body.get('ttl'))
+    with database() as connection:
+        names = [row['name'] for row in connection.execute('SELECT * FROM dns_domains_list()').fetchall()]
+        if name in names:
+            raise Failure(f'the domain {name} exists', 4)
+        if len(names) >= DOMAINS_MAX:
+            raise Failure(f'the name server has {DOMAINS_MAX} domains')
+        connection.execute('CALL dns_domain_put(%s, %s, %s)', (name, sites, ttl))
+    return {'name': name, 'sites': sites, 'ttl': ttl}
+
+
+def domain_change(name, body):
+    """Change the sites and ttl of the domain; the domain."""
+    if not isinstance(body, dict) or not set(body) <= {'sites', 'ttl'} or \
+            not isinstance(body.get('sites', False), bool):
+        raise Failure('a change of a domain is an object of sites and ttl')
+    with database() as connection:
+        row = domain(connection, name)
+        sites, ttl = body.get('sites', row['sites']), check_ttl(body.get('ttl', row['ttl']))
+        connection.execute('CALL dns_domain_put(%s, %s, %s)', (name, sites, ttl))
+    return {'name': name, 'sites': sites, 'ttl': ttl}
+
+
+def domain_remove(name):
+    """Remove the domain with its secondaries and manual records."""
+    with database() as connection:
+        domain(connection, name)
+        connection.execute('CALL dns_domain_remove(%s)', (name,))
+    return {'name': name}
+
+
+def secondary_add(name, body):
+    """Add the secondary name server {nameserver, address} of the domain, or set its address; the secondary."""
+    if not isinstance(body, dict):
+        raise Failure('a secondary is an object of nameserver and address')
+    nameserver = body.get('nameserver')
+    if not isinstance(nameserver, str) or not vpnrouter.ZONE_NAME.match(nameserver.strip().lower().rstrip('.')):
+        raise Failure(f'{nameserver!r} is not a name server name')
+    nameserver = nameserver.strip().lower().rstrip('.')
+    try:
+        address = str(ipaddress.ip_address(str(body.get('address', '')).strip()))
+    except ValueError as exc:
+        raise Failure(f'{body.get("address")!r} is not an IP address') from exc
+    with database() as connection:
+        domain(connection, name)
+        others = [row for row in connection.execute('SELECT * FROM dns_secondaries_list()').fetchall()
+                  if row['domain'] == name and row['nameserver'] != nameserver]
+        if len(others) >= SECONDARIES_MAX:
+            raise Failure(f'the domain {name} has {SECONDARIES_MAX} secondaries')
+        connection.execute('CALL dns_secondary_put(%s, %s, %s)', (name, nameserver, address))
+    return {'domain': name, 'nameserver': nameserver, 'address': address}
+
+
+def secondary_remove(name, nameserver):
+    """Remove the secondary name server of the domain."""
+    with database() as connection:
+        domain(connection, name)
+        if not any(row['domain'] == name and row['nameserver'] == nameserver
+                   for row in connection.execute('SELECT * FROM dns_secondaries_list()').fetchall()):
+            raise Failure(f'no secondary {nameserver} of {name}', 3)
+        connection.execute('CALL dns_secondary_remove(%s, %s)', (name, nameserver))
+    return {'domain': name, 'nameserver': nameserver}
+
+
+def add(cfg, name, record):
+    """Add the manual record to the domain, or set the TTL of the same one; the record. A name in a domain below it
+    belongs to that domain."""
+    with database() as connection:
+        row = domain(connection, name)
+        record = check_record(name, record)
+        record['ttl'] = record['ttl'] or row['ttl'] or cfg['dns']['ttl']
+        zones = [item['name'] for item in connection.execute('SELECT * FROM dns_domains_list()').fetchall()]
+        owner = closest(zones, record['name'])
+        if owner != name:
+            raise Failure(f'{record["name"]} is in the domain {owner}')
+        records = [item for item in connection.execute('SELECT * FROM dns_records_list()').fetchall()
+                   if item['domain'] == name]
+        same = [item for item in records if (item['name'], item['type']) == (record['name'], record['type'])]
+        others = [item for item in records if item['name'] == record['name'] and item['type'] != record['type']]
+        if len(records) >= MANUAL_MAX and not same:
+            raise Failure(f'the domain {name} has {MANUAL_MAX} manual records')
+        if record['type'] == 'CNAME' and (others or [item for item in same if item['content'] != record['content']]):
            raise Failure(f'{record["name"]} has other records; a CNAME record must be its only record')
-        if any(row['type'] == 'CNAME' for row in others):
+        if any(item['type'] == 'CNAME' for item in others):
            raise Failure(f'{record["name"]} has a CNAME record, which must be its only record')
-        connection.execute('CALL dns_manual_put(%s, %s, %s, %s)',
-                           (record['name'], record['type'], record['content'], record['ttl']))
+        connection.execute('CALL dns_record_put(%s, %s, %s, %s, %s)',
+                           (name, record['name'], record['type'], record['content'], record['ttl']))
    return record


-def remove(cfg, name, kind, content):
-    """Remove the manual records of the name and type, only the one of the content when it is given."""
-    zone = cfg['dns']['zone'].strip()
-    full = absolute(zone, name)
+def remove(name, record_name, kind, content):
+    """Remove the manual records of the name and type in the domain, only the one of the content when it is given."""
+    full = absolute(name, record_name)
    with database() as connection:
-        found = [row for row in connection.execute('SELECT * FROM dns_manual_list()').fetchall()
-                 if (row['name'], row['type']) == (full, kind) and content in (None, row['content'])]
+        domain(connection, name)
+        found = [row for row in connection.execute('SELECT * FROM dns_records_list()').fetchall()
+                 if (row['domain'], row['name'], row['type']) == (name, full, kind)
+                 and content in (None, row['content'])]
        if not found:
            raise Failure(f'no {kind} record of {full}', 3)
-        connection.execute('CALL dns_manual_remove(%s, %s, %s)', (full, kind, content))
+        connection.execute('CALL dns_record_remove(%s, %s, %s, %s)', (name, full, kind, content))
    return {'name': full, 'type': kind, 'removed': len(found)}


-def served(zone):
-    """The records of the zone as the name server answers them, [] when it serves none."""
-    with database() as connection:
-        return connection.execute('SELECT * FROM dns_served(%s)', (zone,)).fetchall()
-
-
-def records(cfg, hosts, manual_records):
-    """The records of the zone besides its SOA, as (name, type, content, ttl): its NS, the A and AAAA records of
-    dns.addresses for the apex, the name server and each host name in the zone, and the manual records."""
+def records(cfg, row, zones, secondaries, hosts, manual_records):
+    """The records of the domain row besides its SOA, as (name, type, content, ttl): the NS of the domain and of the
+    domains directly below it, the A and AAAA records of dns.addresses for its apex, dns.nameserver when it is inside
+    and, with site records, each host name whose closest domain it is, the glue of the secondaries inside it, and its
+    manual records. secondaries maps a domain to its secondaries."""
    dns = cfg['dns']
-    zone, nameserver, ttl = dns['zone'].strip(), dns['nameserver'].strip(), dns['ttl']
+    zone, nameserver, ttl = row['name'], dns['nameserver'].strip(), row['ttl'] or dns['ttl']
    addresses = [ipaddress.ip_address(item.strip()) for item in dns['addresses'] if item.strip()]
-    found = [(zone, 'NS', nameserver, ttl)]
+    children = [name for name in zones
+                if name != zone and closest([item for item in zones if item != name], name) == zone]
+    found = [(name, 'NS', server, ttl) for name in [zone, *children]
+             for server in [nameserver, *(item['nameserver'] for item in secondaries.get(name, []))]]
    for name in dict.fromkeys([zone, *([nameserver] if in_zone(zone, nameserver) else []),
-                               *(host for host in hosts if in_zone(zone, host))]):
+                               *(host for host in hosts if row['sites'] and closest(zones, host) == zone)]):
        found += [(name, 'A' if address.version == 4 else 'AAAA', str(address), ttl) for address in addresses]
+    for item in (item for name in [zone, *children] for item in secondaries.get(name, [])):
+        if in_zone(zone, item['nameserver']) and item['nameserver'] != nameserver:
+            address = ipaddress.ip_address(item['address'])
+            found.append((item['nameserver'], 'A' if address.version == 4 else 'AAAA', str(address), ttl))
    taken = {(name, kind) for name, kind, _, _ in found}
-    found += [(row['name'], row['type'], row['content'], row['ttl']) for row in manual_records
-              if (row['name'], row['type']) not in taken]
+    found += [(item['name'], item['type'], item['content'], item['ttl']) for item in manual_records
+              if (item['name'], item['type']) not in taken]
    return list(dict.fromkeys(found))


 def apply(cfg, hosts):
-    """Make the name server serve dns.zone with records(), or no zone while dns.enabled is false."""
+    """Make the name server the primary of every domain with records(), and of none while dns.enabled is false."""
    with database() as connection:
        if not cfg['dns']['enabled']:
-            connection.execute('CALL dns_clear()')
+            connection.execute('CALL dns_retain(%s::text[])', ([],))
            return
        dns = cfg['dns']
-        zone = dns['zone'].strip()
-        rows = records(cfg, hosts, connection.execute('SELECT * FROM dns_manual_list()').fetchall())
-        soa = f'{dns["nameserver"].strip()} hostmaster.{zone} {{serial}} {SOA_TIMES} {dns["ttl"]}'
-        connection.execute('CALL dns_apply(%s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s)',
-                           (zone, soa, dns['ttl'], [row[0] for row in rows], [row[1] for row in rows],
-                            [row[2] for row in rows], [row[3] for row in rows]))
+        domains = connection.execute('SELECT * FROM dns_domains_list()').fetchall()
+        zones = [row['name'] for row in domains]
+        secondaries, manual = {}, {}
+        for item in connection.execute('SELECT * FROM dns_secondaries_list()').fetchall():
+            secondaries.setdefault(item['domain'], []).append(item)
+        for item in connection.execute('SELECT * FROM dns_records_list()').fetchall():
+            manual.setdefault(item['domain'], []).append(item)
+        for row in domains:
+            zone, ttl = row['name'], row['ttl'] or dns['ttl']
+            rows = records(cfg, row, zones, secondaries, hosts, manual.get(zone, []))
+            soa = f'{dns["nameserver"].strip()} hostmaster.{zone} {{serial}} {SOA_TIMES} {ttl}'
+            connection.execute('CALL dns_apply(%s, %s, %s, %s::text[], %s::text[], %s::text[], %s::integer[], '
+                               '%s::text[])',
+                               (zone, soa, ttl, [item[0] for item in rows], [item[1] for item in rows],
+                                [item[2] for item in rows], [item[3] for item in rows],
+                                [item['address'] for item in secondaries.get(zone, [])]))
+        connection.execute('CALL dns_retain(%s::text[])', (zones,))


 def config_text(addresses):
-    """The settings of PowerDNS: the gpgsql backend on the database of the name server, and the addresses it answers
-    on."""
+    """The settings of PowerDNS: the gpgsql backend on the database of the name server, primary operation, and the
+    addresses it answers on."""
    password = DATABASE_SECRET.read_text(encoding='utf-8').strip()
    return '\n'.join([
        '# Written by vpn-router-setup from /etc/vpn-router/vpn-router.json; edits are overwritten.',
@@ -262,6 +394,7 @@ def config_text(addresses):
        f'gpgsql-dbname={DATABASE}',
        f'gpgsql-user={DATABASE}',
        f'gpgsql-password={password}',
+        'primary=yes',
        f'local-address={", ".join(addresses)}',
        'local-port=53',
        '',
@@ -722,7 +722,7 @@ def install_crls(connection):
    crls = {}
    for name, file in SWANCTL_CA_FILES.items():
        entry = authority(connection, name)
-        crls[name] = entry['crl'].public_bytes(serialization.Encoding.PEM) if entry and entry['crl'] else None
+        crls[name] = entry['crl'].public_bytes(serialization.Encoding.PEM) if entry and entry['crl'] is not None else None
        changed |= write(X509CRL_DIR / file, crls[name], 0o644) if crls[name] else remove(X509CRL_DIR / file)
    if crls['root'] and crls['p2s']:
        changed |= write(OPENVPN_CRL, crls['root'] + crls['p2s'], 0o644)
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ adding one file here. Nothing in the core has to be edited.

 A module may define any of:

-    EXTRA_P2S_DNS   str, added to the road-warrior pool 'dns' list
+    EXTRA_P2S_DNS   str, added to the 'dns' list of the IKEv2 address pool
    EXTRA_LOCAL_TS  str, added to 'local_ts' on both connections
    apply(ctx)      called once the system has been configured, to apply
                    platform-specific state. Must be idempotent. ctx is the
@@ -3,9 +3,9 @@
 No platform-specific configuration is currently required.

 The Azure platform resolver 168.63.129.16 is deliberately *not* advertised to
-road-warrior clients and *not* added to the traffic selectors. Clients are
-given the router itself as their DNS server, and the router forwards through
-its own systemd-resolved via the p2s-forwarder drop-in. That resolves
+IKEv2 clients and *not* added to the traffic selectors. Clients are
+given the router's addresses of p2s.dns_listen as their DNS servers, where dnsmasq
+forwards to the router's own systemd-resolved. That resolves
 Azure-internal names without routing the wireserver address through the tunnel
 and without a second resolver in the pool.
 """
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@

 No platform-specific configuration is currently required.

-As on Azure, road-warrior clients are given the router itself as their DNS
+As on Azure, IKEv2 clients are given the router itself as their DNS
 server and the router forwards through its own systemd-resolved, so the
 metadata resolver does not belong in the pool or in the traffic selectors.
 """
@@ -65,16 +65,22 @@ import fcntl
 import grp
 import ipaddress
 import json
+import plistlib
 import pwd
 import re
 import subprocess
 import time
 import urllib.parse
+import uuid

 import ldap
 import ldap.filter
 import ldap.modlist
 import pyotp
+from cryptography import x509
+from cryptography.hazmat.primitives import hashes, serialization
+from cryptography.hazmat.primitives.asymmetric import ec, rsa
+from cryptography.hazmat.primitives.serialization import pkcs12

 import vpnrouter
 import vpnrouter_ldap
@@ -807,6 +813,80 @@ def profile(connection, name):
    return {'name': name, 'profile': text}


+def apple_profile(connection, name, password):
+    """The Apple configuration profile (.mobileconfig, unsigned) of the user's IKEv2 access: the root CA and
+    the P2S CA, the user's certificate and key as a PKCS#12 encrypted with the password, and the VPN.
+
+    The connection matches road-warrior.conf: the router's wan.local_fqdn as address and identity, the user name, a
+    DNS name of the certificate, as the local identity, the certificate over EAP-TLS, and AES-256, SHA2-256 and group 14
+    for IKE and ESP. With p2s.dns_domains, the device resolves those domains with the router's resolver. The PKCS#12 uses 3DES and SHA-1, the only encryption Apple's clients read; they ask for the
+    password when the profile is installed.
+    """
+    entry(connection, name)
+    if not isinstance(password, str) or not PASSWORD_MIN <= len(password) <= PASSWORD_MAX:
+        raise Failure(f'the password of the profile must have {PASSWORD_MIN} to {PASSWORD_MAX} characters', 2)
+    cfg = vpnrouter.load_config()
+    fqdn = cfg['wan']['local_fqdn'].strip()
+    if not cfg['p2s']['enabled'] or not fqdn:
+        raise Failure('IKEv2 access is not enabled', 2)
+    credentials = vpnrouter_pki.user_credentials(name)
+    if credentials is None:
+        raise Failure(f'user {name} has no certificate')
+    try:
+        chain = x509.load_pem_x509_certificates(vpnrouter_pki.bundle('p2s')['pem'].encode())
+    except vpnrouter_pki.Failure as failure:
+        raise Failure(str(failure), 4)
+    cert = x509.load_pem_x509_certificate(credentials[0])
+    key = serialization.load_pem_private_key(credentials[1], password=None)
+    encryption = (serialization.PrivateFormat.PKCS12.encryption_builder().kdf_rounds(2048)
+                  .key_cert_algorithm(pkcs12.PBES.PBESv1SHA1And3KeyTripleDESCBC).hmac_hash(hashes.SHA1())
+                  .build(password.encode()))
+    bundle = pkcs12.serialize_key_and_certificates(name.encode(), key, cert, None, encryption)
+    certificate_type = ('RSA' if isinstance(key, rsa.RSAPrivateKey)
+                        else 'ECDSA384' if isinstance(key, ec.EllipticCurvePrivateKey) and key.curve.key_size == 384
+                        else 'ECDSA256')
+    identifier = f'{".".join(reversed(fqdn.split(".")))}.vpn-router.{name}'
+    ids = {kind: str(uuid.uuid5(uuid.NAMESPACE_URL, f'{identifier}.{kind}')) for kind in ('profile', 'pkcs12', 'vpn')}
+    proposal = {'EncryptionAlgorithm': 'AES-256', 'IntegrityAlgorithm': 'SHA2-256', 'DiffieHellmanGroup': 14,
+                'LifeTimeInMinutes': 60}
+    payloads = [{'PayloadType': 'com.apple.security.root' if index == len(chain) - 1 else 'com.apple.security.pkcs1',
+                 'PayloadVersion': 1, 'PayloadIdentifier': f'{identifier}.ca{index}',
+                 'PayloadUUID': str(uuid.uuid5(uuid.NAMESPACE_URL, f'{identifier}.ca{index}')),
+                 'PayloadDisplayName': vpnrouter_pki.common_name(item),
+                 'PayloadContent': item.public_bytes(serialization.Encoding.DER)}
+                for index, item in enumerate(chain)]
+    payloads.append({'PayloadType': 'com.apple.security.pkcs12', 'PayloadVersion': 1,
+                     'PayloadIdentifier': f'{identifier}.pkcs12', 'PayloadUUID': ids['pkcs12'],
+                     'PayloadDisplayName': f'{name} ({fqdn})', 'PayloadContent': bundle})
+    # The router's resolver, which setup records, answers the names of p2s.dns_domains; the others stay with the device's.
+    try:
+        servers = json.loads(vpnrouter.WEB_STATE.read_text(encoding='utf-8'))['network']['client_dns']
+    except (OSError, ValueError, KeyError, TypeError):
+        servers = []
+    domains = [item.strip() for item in cfg['p2s']['dns_domains'] if item.strip()]
+    dns = {'DNS': {'ServerAddresses': servers, 'SupplementalMatchDomains': domains}} if servers and domains else {}
+    payloads.append({
+        **dns,
+        'PayloadType': 'com.apple.vpn.managed', 'PayloadVersion': 1, 'PayloadIdentifier': f'{identifier}.vpn',
+        'PayloadUUID': ids['vpn'], 'PayloadDisplayName': f'VPN Router {fqdn}', 'UserDefinedName': f'VPN Router {fqdn}',
+        'VPNType': 'IKEv2',
+        'IKEv2': {
+            'RemoteAddress': fqdn, 'RemoteIdentifier': fqdn, 'LocalIdentifier': name,
+            'AuthenticationMethod': 'Certificate', 'ExtendedAuthEnabled': 1, 'PayloadCertificateUUID': ids['pkcs12'],
+            'CertificateType': certificate_type,
+            'ServerCertificateIssuerCommonName': vpnrouter_pki.common_name(chain[0]), 'ServerCertificateCommonName': fqdn,
+            'IKESecurityAssociationParameters': {**proposal, 'LifeTimeInMinutes': 480},
+            'ChildSecurityAssociationParameters': proposal,
+            'EnablePFS': 0, 'DeadPeerDetectionRate': 'Medium', 'DisableMOBIKE': 0, 'DisableRedirect': 0,
+        },
+    })
+    document = {'PayloadType': 'Configuration', 'PayloadVersion': 1, 'PayloadIdentifier': identifier,
+                'PayloadUUID': ids['profile'], 'PayloadDisplayName': f'VPN Router {fqdn} ({name})',
+                'PayloadDescription': f'IKEv2 access of {name} to {fqdn}', 'PayloadRemovalDisallowed': False,
+                'PayloadContent': payloads}
+    return {'name': name, 'profile': plistlib.dumps(document).decode()}
+
+
 def group_dn(name):
    return f'cn={name},{vpnrouter_ldap.GROUPS}'

@@ -0,0 +1,101 @@
+"""The router's web service, run by vpn-router-web.service; the entry point is /usr/lib/vpn-router/web.
+
+Pages:
+  /        the status for people: plain text for curl and wget, a styled page
+           (Tailwind CSS from a CDN) for a browser
+  /status  the status as JSON
+  /status/full
+           the whole status as JSON, whatever web.status_content says, for the Router Manager
+  /config  the configuration without its secrets, and what the router resolved and
+           runs, with the installed Caddy and where it comes from, as JSON
+  /users   the users in the router's directory, whether or not a P2S system is enabled: list,
+           add, change, set the password, disable, enable, remove, the OpenVPN client
+           profile, and TOTP enrolment (see users()); service accounts are not among them
+  /service-accounts
+           the service accounts: list, add, change the e-mail address, set the password,
+           disable, enable, unlock and remove; the internal ones are only listed (see
+           service_accounts())
+  /groups  the groups of the router's directory: list, add, rename or describe, remove, and
+           add and take out members (see groups())
+  /account the account of the signed-in user: its details, its password, its TOTP
+           enrolment and its passkeys (see account())
+  /site-to-site
+           the site-to-site connections of the configuration: list, add, change and remove,
+           applied by vpn-router-setup (see site_to_site())
+  /backup  the backup settings, the last run and the local archives: show, change and run
+           now (see backup())
+  /remote-access
+           the settings of IKEv2, OpenVPN and WireGuard access and whether each
+           runs: show and change, applied by vpn-router-setup (see remote_access())
+  /ca      the PKI: its settings, the root and issuing CAs, the certificates issued; change the
+           settings, issue and revoke certificates, and take the certificate of an issuing CA
+           and a root CRL signed offline (see ca())
+  /pki/<name>.crt, /pki/<name>.crl
+           the DER certificate and CRL of the root (root) and of each issuing CA, which the
+           certificates name in their AIA and CRL distribution points; no authentication
+  /shell   while web.shell is true, a login shell of the user's console account on a terminal, for
+           a member of admins whose console login is on and who has a TOTP token: POST signs the user in again, unless
+           the user used a shell within web.shell_auth_timeout minutes, for a one-time ticket
+           (see shell_ticket()), GET with it is a WebSocket
+           that carries the terminal (see Handler.shell()); /shell/editor/<session>/<id> reads, saves and
+           closes a file the shell opened with vpn-router-editor (vre) over EDITOR_SOCKET (see
+           shell_editor() and editor_request())
+  /auth   sign-in with a user's password and TOTP code or with a passkey, refresh and sign-out
+           (see auth())
+  /metrics/history
+           the metrics the metrics service keeps, for a view: hour, day, month or year (see
+           metrics_history())
+  /metrics/settings
+           the settings of the metrics service: show and change, applied by vpn-router-setup (see
+           metrics_settings())
+  /logs   the last lines of the journal of the router's units and of the files web.log_files lists
+           (see logs())
+  /sites   the web sites Caddy serves: the settings of sites, list, add, change and remove (see sites()),
+           and the files of each: list, download, upload, extract a zip archive, create a folder, rename and
+           remove (see Handler.site_files()); a member of a site's editors group may use the site's files
+  /dns     the primary name server of the router's domains: its settings, and the domains: add, change and
+           remove, each with its secondaries, the records it serves, and its manual records (see dns())
+  /postgresql
+           the databases of each PostgreSQL cluster on the router with their sizes, as JSON (see
+           postgresql_databases()); /config has the clusters' settings
+  /.well-known/openid-configuration, /oidc/...
+           while oidc.enabled is true, the OpenID Provider (vpnrouter_oidc), answered only on the
+           loopback address, where Caddy passes the requests of the HTTPS site; POST /oidc/login counts
+           towards the limit of /auth calls
+
+/status/full, /config, /metrics/history, /metrics/settings, /postgresql, /users, /service-accounts, /groups, /site-to-site, /backup, /remote-access, /ca, /logs, /sites, /dns, /shell and /account need an HS256 JWT in an Authorization: Bearer header signed
+with vpnrouter_auth.WEB_KEY (see vpnrouter_auth.verify). A token of /auth names a user in sub;
+/account serves that user, and the other paths need a member of vpnrouter_users.ADMIN_GROUP. A
+token of vpn-router-token has the admin claim and names no user; it may call every path but
+/account, and only such a token may change ADMIN_GROUP: create, rename to it, change, remove it,
+add or take out its members, and remove one of its members, and switch a user's console login.
+These paths and /auth are not
+served (404) while the key does not exist. /auth but its sign-out and the beginning of a passkey
+sign-in is limited to AUTH_LIMIT calls per client
+address in AUTH_WINDOW seconds; the address of a call from one of web.trusted_proxies, by
+default the address the call came in on, is the last entry of its X-Forwarded-For header.
+
+/ and /status show only the status, as much as web.status_content says (see shown): basic, the
+default, the overall status, the time and the client's address (its address as for the rate limit
+below); standard also the package version, the installed version of vpn-router-manager
+(manager_version, null when it is not installed) and the number of active and other services; full
+whether each service runs, whether Docker is installed, how many of the site-to-site connections are established
+(site_to_site: connections and established, null when swanctl cannot be asked), and IKEv2, OpenVPN
+and WireGuard. No configuration data, key or connection name is shown, and no address but the client's.
+
+Modules, one per family of paths, with what they share in common:
+  common        the paths of the configuration and of setup's state, the body limit, the HTTP statuses of the
+                errors of the router's modules, reading the configuration and the state, changing a section, log
+  status        /, /status, /status/full, /config and /postgresql, with the cache of the status
+  auth          /auth, its rate limit, and the rules of who may call a protected path (refusal)
+  identities    /users, /service-accounts, /groups and /account
+  connectivity  /site-to-site and /remote-access
+  backup        /backup
+  pki           /ca, and the files /pki/ serves
+  logs          /logs
+  sites         /sites, with the files of each site
+  dns           /dns
+  metrics       /metrics/history and /metrics/settings
+  shell         /shell, its WebSocket, and the editor of the shell with its socket
+  handler       Handler, which reads a request, checks its token and passes it to the module of its path
+"""
@@ -0,0 +1,130 @@
+"""/auth, the sign-in, refresh and sign-out of the web service, its rate limit per client address, and the rules of
+who may call a protected path (refusal)."""
+
+import collections
+import threading
+import time
+
+import ldap
+
+import vpnrouter
+import vpnrouter_auth
+import vpnrouter_passkeys
+import vpnrouter_sites
+import vpnrouter_users
+
+from .common import USER_STATUS
+from .sites import SITE_FILES
+
+#: The calls of /auth allowed per client address in AUTH_WINDOW seconds.
+AUTH_LIMIT = 10
+
+AUTH_WINDOW = 60
+
+#: The times of the recent /auth calls of each client address.
+_auth_calls = collections.defaultdict(collections.deque)
+
+_auth_lock = threading.Lock()
+
+
+def changes_admins(connection, method, parts, body):
+    """Whether a /users, /service-accounts or /groups request creates, renames to, changes or removes ADMIN_GROUP, or
+    removes a member of it."""
+    admins = vpnrouter_users.ADMIN_GROUP
+    if parts[0] == 'groups':
+        if method == 'POST' and len(parts) == 1:
+            return body.get('name') == admins
+        if method != 'GET' and len(parts) > 1 and parts[1] == admins:
+            return True
+        return method == 'PUT' and len(parts) == 2 and body.get('name') == admins
+    if parts[0] in ('users', 'service-accounts') and method == 'DELETE' and len(parts) == 2:
+        return admins in vpnrouter_users.groups_of(connection, parts[1])
+    return False
+
+
+def refusal(claims, method, path, body):
+    """Why the holder of the claims may not make the request to a protected path, or '' when it may.
+
+    The files of a site may also be read and changed by a member of the site's editors group.
+    """
+    name = claims.get('sub')
+    if path == '/account' or path.startswith('/account/'):
+        return '' if isinstance(name, str) else 'the token names no user'
+    if claims.get('admin') is True:
+        return ''
+    if not isinstance(name, str):
+        return 'the token names no user'
+    admins = vpnrouter_users.ADMIN_GROUP
+    with vpnrouter_users.session() as connection:
+        if not vpnrouter_users.is_admin(connection, name):
+            files = SITE_FILES.match(path)
+            if files and files.group(1) in vpnrouter_sites.editable(vpnrouter_users.groups_of(connection, name)):
+                return ''
+            return f'user {name} is not a member of {admins}'
+        parts = path.strip('/').split('/')
+        if changes_admins(connection, method, parts, body if isinstance(body, dict) else {}):
+            return f'only a token of vpn-router-token may change the group {admins} or remove its members'
+        if parts[0] == 'users' and len(parts) == 3 and parts[2] == 'console' and method != 'GET':
+            return 'only a token of vpn-router-token may change console login'
+    return ''
+
+
+def auth(path, body):
+    """Answer a POST to /auth with vpnrouter_users and vpnrouter_auth: the HTTP status and the JSON document.
+
+      POST /auth           sign in: {"name", "password", "code"?}; the tokens and the user's name
+      POST /auth/passkey   begin a sign-in with a passkey: {"id", "options"} for navigator.credentials.get
+      POST /auth/passkey/complete
+                           {"id", "credential"}, credential the browser's answer; the tokens and the user's name
+      POST /auth/refresh   {"refresh_token"}; new tokens, the refresh token used up
+      POST /auth/logout    {"refresh_token"}; the refresh token revoked
+    """
+    if not isinstance(body, dict):
+        return 400, {'error': 'the body must be a JSON object'}
+    try:
+        cfg = vpnrouter.load_config()
+        if path == '/auth':
+            vpnrouter_users.login(body.get('name'), body.get('password'), body.get('code'))
+            with vpnrouter_users.session() as connection:
+                if vpnrouter_users.service(vpnrouter_users.entry(connection, body['name'])):
+                    raise vpnrouter_users.Failure('the name, the password or the code is wrong', 5)
+            return 200, {**vpnrouter_auth.issue(cfg, body['name']), 'name': body['name']}
+        if path == '/auth/passkey':
+            return 200, vpnrouter_passkeys.login_begin()
+        if path == '/auth/passkey/complete':
+            with vpnrouter_users.session() as connection:
+                name = vpnrouter_passkeys.login_complete(connection, body.get('id'), body.get('credential'))
+            return 200, {**vpnrouter_auth.issue(cfg, name), 'name': name}
+        name = vpnrouter_auth.take(cfg, body.get('refresh_token'))
+        if path == '/auth/logout':
+            return 200, {'revoked': name is not None}
+        if name is None:
+            return 401, {'error': 'the refresh token is not valid'}
+        with vpnrouter_users.session() as connection:
+            user = vpnrouter_users.summary(vpnrouter_users.entry(connection, name))
+        if not user['enabled'] or user['locked']:
+            return 401, {'error': f'user {name} is disabled or locked'}
+        return 200, vpnrouter_auth.issue(cfg, name)
+    except vpnrouter_users.Failure as failure:
+        return (401 if failure.status == 3 else USER_STATUS.get(failure.status, 500)), {'error': str(failure)}
+    except (ldap.LDAPError, OSError) as exc:
+        return 500, {'error': f'the user directory failed: {exc}'}
+    except vpnrouter_auth.DatabaseError as exc:
+        return 500, {'error': str(exc)}
+    except SystemExit as exc:
+        return 500, {'error': str(exc.code)}
+
+
+def auth_wait(address):
+    """Seconds until the client address may call /auth again, 0 when it may now; a call that may is counted."""
+    now = time.monotonic()
+    with _auth_lock:
+        for idle in [key for key, times in _auth_calls.items() if times[-1] <= now - AUTH_WINDOW]:
+            del _auth_calls[idle]
+        calls = _auth_calls[address]
+        while calls and calls[0] <= now - AUTH_WINDOW:
+            calls.popleft()
+        if len(calls) >= AUTH_LIMIT:
+            return int(calls[0] + AUTH_WINDOW - now) + 1
+        calls.append(now)
+        return 0
@@ -0,0 +1,84 @@
+"""/backup: the backup settings, the last run and the local archives, and a run now."""
+
+import configparser
+import shutil
+
+import vpnrouter
+import vpnrouter_backup
+from vpnrouter_status import run
+
+
+def backup_settings(settings):
+    """The backup section as /backup shows it: its settings but pbs_password, with pbs_password_set."""
+    return {**{option: value for option, value in settings.items() if option != 'pbs_password'},
+            'pbs_password_set': bool(settings['pbs_password'])}
+
+
+def rclone_remotes():
+    """The names of the remotes of vpnrouter_backup.RCLONE_CONFIG; [] when it cannot be read, as when it is encrypted."""
+    parser = configparser.ConfigParser(interpolation=None)
+    try:
+        parser.read(vpnrouter_backup.RCLONE_CONFIG, encoding='utf-8')
+    except (OSError, configparser.Error):
+        return []
+    return parser.sections()
+
+
+def backup(method, path, body):
+    """Answer a /backup request: the HTTP status and the JSON document.
+
+      GET  /backup      {"settings", "state", "archives", "next", "client", "rclone"}: the backup section without
+                        pbs_password, with pbs_password_set; the last run (vpnrouter_backup.state), null before the
+                        first; the local archives of this host, newest first, [{name, time, size}], [] with the pbs
+                        target; the next run of the timer as systemd shows it, null while backups are disabled;
+                        whether proxmox-backup-client is installed; and {"installed", "config", "remotes"} of rclone
+      PUT  /backup      change any of the settings of the backup section; an empty or absent pbs_password keeps the
+                        current secret
+      POST /backup/run  start a backup now, without waiting for it; 409 while one runs
+
+    A change is made as /site-to-site makes one, and applied by restarting vpn-router-setup without waiting for it.
+    """
+    if body == 'invalid' or (body is not None and not isinstance(body, dict)):
+        return 400, {'error': 'the body must be a JSON object'}
+    body = body or {}
+    if (method, path) == ('POST', '/backup/run'):
+        if vpnrouter_backup.running():
+            return 409, {'error': 'a backup is running'}
+        result = run('systemctl', 'start', '--no-block', vpnrouter_backup.UNIT)
+        if result is None or result.returncode != 0:
+            return 500, {'error': f'the backup cannot be started: {result.stderr.strip() if result else "no systemctl"}'}
+        return 202, {'started': True}
+    if (method, path) not in (('GET', '/backup'), ('PUT', '/backup')):
+        return 404, {'error': f'no route {method} {path}'}
+    try:
+        if method == 'GET':
+            settings = vpnrouter.load_config()['backup']
+            timer = run('systemctl', 'show', '-p', 'NextElapseUSecRealtime', '--value', vpnrouter_backup.TIMER)
+            next_run = timer.stdout.strip() if timer and timer.returncode == 0 else ''
+            return 200, {
+                'settings': backup_settings(settings),
+                'state': vpnrouter_backup.state() or None,
+                'archives': vpnrouter_backup.archives(settings['path']) if settings['target'] == 'local' else [],
+                'next': next_run if settings['enabled'] and next_run not in ('', 'n/a') else None,
+                'client': vpnrouter_backup.PBS_CLIENT.exists(),
+                'rclone': {'installed': shutil.which('rclone') is not None,
+                           'config': vpnrouter_backup.RCLONE_CONFIG.is_file(), 'remotes': rclone_remotes()},
+            }
+        settings = {option: body[option] for option in vpnrouter.SCHEMA['backup'] if option in body}
+        if not settings.get('pbs_password'):
+            settings.pop('pbs_password', None)
+        with vpnrouter.config_lock():
+            data = vpnrouter.read_settings()
+            current = data.get('backup')
+            data['backup'] = {**(current if isinstance(current, dict) else {}), **settings}
+            cfg = vpnrouter.with_defaults(data)
+            vpnrouter.validate(cfg)
+            vpnrouter.save_config(data)
+    except vpnrouter.ConfigError as exc:
+        return 400, {'error': str(exc)}
+    except OSError as exc:
+        return 500, {'error': f'the configuration cannot be written: {exc}'}
+    except SystemExit as exc:
+        return 500, {'error': str(exc.code)}
+    run('systemctl', 'restart', '--no-block', 'vpn-router-setup.service')
+    return 200, {'settings': backup_settings(cfg['backup'])}
@@ -0,0 +1,85 @@
+"""What the modules of the web service share: the paths of the configuration and of the state vpn-router-setup writes,
+the limit of request bodies, the HTTP statuses of the failures of the router's modules, reading the configuration and
+the state, changing a section of the configuration, the state of a unit, and the log."""
+
+import json
+import sys
+
+import vpnrouter
+import vpnrouter_auth
+from vpnrouter_status import run
+
+STATE_FILE = '/run/vpn-router/web.json'
+
+CONFIG_FILE = '/etc/vpn-router/vpn-router.json'
+
+#: The largest request body accepted, in bytes; a CSR or a certificate chain in PEM is a few kilobytes.
+BODY_LIMIT = 65536
+
+#: The HTTP status for each status of a vpnrouter_users.Failure; any other is 500.
+USER_STATUS = {2: 400, 3: 404, 4: 409, 5: 401}
+
+#: The HTTP status for each status of a vpnrouter_pki.Failure; any other is 500.
+PKI_STATUS = {2: 400, 3: 404, 4: 409}
+
+#: The HTTP status for each status of a vpnrouter_sites.Failure; any other is 500.
+SITE_STATUS = {2: 400, 3: 404, 4: 409}
+
+#: The bytes in a MiB, the unit of sites.upload_max_mb.
+MIB = 1024 * 1024
+
+
+def read_json(path):
+    """The object in a JSON file, or {} when the file is missing or holds no object."""
+    try:
+        with open(path, encoding='utf-8') as handle:
+            data = json.load(handle)
+    except (OSError, ValueError):
+        return {}
+    return data if isinstance(data, dict) else {}
+
+
+def section(configuration, name):
+    """A section of the configuration, or {} when it is missing or not an object."""
+    value = configuration.get(name)
+    return value if isinstance(value, dict) else {}
+
+
+def current():
+    """What a request needs, read now: the features and facts setup resolved, and the signing key.
+
+    Before setup has run the router has no features, and without a key the protected paths and
+    /auth are not served.
+    """
+    return dict(read_json(STATE_FILE), key=vpnrouter_auth.key())
+
+
+def unit_state(unit):
+    result = run('systemctl', 'is-active', unit)
+    return result.stdout.strip() if result and result.stdout.strip() else 'unknown'
+
+
+def section_change(name, body):
+    """Change any of the settings of the configuration's section as /backup changes its own; the section, or the HTTP
+    status and the error document as a tuple."""
+    settings = {option: body[option] for option in vpnrouter.SCHEMA[name] if option in body}
+    try:
+        with vpnrouter.config_lock():
+            data = vpnrouter.read_settings()
+            current = data.get(name)
+            data[name] = {**(current if isinstance(current, dict) else {}), **settings}
+            cfg = vpnrouter.with_defaults(data)
+            vpnrouter.validate(cfg)
+            vpnrouter.save_config(data)
+    except vpnrouter.ConfigError as exc:
+        return 400, {'error': str(exc)}
+    except OSError as exc:
+        return 500, {'error': f'the configuration cannot be written: {exc}'}
+    except SystemExit as exc:
+        return 500, {'error': str(exc.code)}
+    run('systemctl', 'restart', '--no-block', 'vpn-router-setup.service')
+    return cfg[name]
+
+
+def log(message):
+    print(f'vpn-router-web: {message}', file=sys.stderr, flush=True)
@@ -0,0 +1,155 @@
+"""The connections of the router: /site-to-site and /remote-access, the IKEv2, OpenVPN and WireGuard access."""
+
+import ipaddress
+
+import vpnrouter
+from vpnrouter_status import established_each, run
+
+from .common import section
+
+#: The settings of a site_to_site connection that /site-to-site adds and changes.
+CONNECTION_SETTINGS = ('addrs', 'id', 'cidrs', 'local_cidrs', 'local_id_mode', 'auth', 'psk', 'remote_ca')
+
+#: The sections of the remote access systems /remote-access changes: IKEv2, OpenVPN and WireGuard.
+REMOTE_ACCESS = ('p2s', 'openvpn', 'wireguard')
+
+
+def connection_of(name, connection, count):
+    """A site_to_site connection as /site-to-site shows it: its settings but psk, psk_set and established.
+
+    count is the number of its established IKE SAs, None when it is not known.
+    """
+    return {'name': name, **{option: value for option, value in connection.items() if option != 'psk'},
+            'psk_set': bool(connection['psk']), 'established': None if count is None else count > 0}
+
+
+def site_to_site(method, path, body):
+    """Answer a /site-to-site request: the HTTP status and the JSON document.
+
+      GET    /site-to-site          the connections, {"connections": [...]}: each with its settings but psk, with
+                                    psk_set, whether psk holds a key, and established, whether its tunnel is up,
+                                    null when swanctl cannot be asked
+      POST   /site-to-site          add a connection: {"name", "addrs", "id", "cidrs", "local_cidrs", "local_id_mode",
+                                    "auth", "psk", "remote_ca"}; psk is required with auth psk, the default, and an
+                                    existing name is 409
+      PUT    /site-to-site/<name>   change any of the settings of POST but name; an empty or absent psk keeps the
+                                    current key, and a psk given replaces psk_file
+      DELETE /site-to-site/<name>   remove the connection
+
+    A change is made holding vpnrouter.config_lock, checked as vpn-router-setup checks the configuration (400 with
+    the reason), written with vpnrouter.save_config, and applied by restarting vpn-router-setup without waiting for it.
+    """
+    if body == 'invalid' or (body is not None and not isinstance(body, dict)):
+        return 400, {'error': 'the body must be a JSON object'}
+    body = body or {}
+    parts = path.strip('/').split('/')
+    name = parts[1] if len(parts) == 2 else None
+    if (method, len(parts)) not in (('GET', 1), ('POST', 1), ('PUT', 2), ('DELETE', 2)):
+        return 404, {'error': f'no route {method} {path}'}
+    try:
+        if method == 'GET':
+            connections = vpnrouter.load_config()['site_to_site']
+            counts = established_each(connections)
+            return 200, {'connections': [connection_of(key, value, counts[key]) for key, value in connections.items()]}
+        settings = {option: body[option] for option in CONNECTION_SETTINGS if option in body}
+        with vpnrouter.config_lock():
+            data = vpnrouter.read_settings()
+            connections = data.setdefault('site_to_site', {})
+            if method == 'POST':
+                name = body.get('name')
+                if not isinstance(name, str) or not name:
+                    return 400, {'error': 'name is required'}
+                if name in connections:
+                    return 409, {'error': f'connection {name} exists'}
+                if settings.get('auth', 'psk') == 'psk' and (not isinstance(settings.get('psk'), str) or not settings['psk']):
+                    return 400, {'error': 'psk is required with auth psk'}
+                connections[name] = settings
+            elif name not in connections:
+                return 404, {'error': f'no connection {name}'}
+            elif method == 'PUT':
+                connection = dict(connections[name]) if isinstance(connections[name], dict) else {}
+                if settings.get('psk'):
+                    connection.pop('psk_file', None)
+                else:
+                    settings.pop('psk', None)
+                connections[name] = {**connection, **settings}
+            else:
+                del connections[name]
+            cfg = vpnrouter.with_defaults(data)
+            vpnrouter.validate(cfg)
+            vpnrouter.save_config(data)
+    except vpnrouter.ConfigError as exc:
+        return 400, {'error': str(exc)}
+    except OSError as exc:
+        return 500, {'error': f'the configuration cannot be written: {exc}'}
+    except SystemExit as exc:
+        return 500, {'error': str(exc.code)}
+    run('systemctl', 'restart', '--no-block', 'vpn-router-setup.service')
+    if method == 'DELETE':
+        return 200, {'name': name, 'removed': True}
+    return (201 if method == 'POST' else 200), connection_of(name, cfg['site_to_site'][name], None)
+
+
+def wireguard_server(cfg, state):
+    """What a WireGuard peer's configuration needs of the router: {public_key, endpoint, allowed_ips, dns}; public_key is
+    null before setup made the key pair, endpoint, <wan.local_fqdn>:<wireguard.listen_port>, null without a name,
+    allowed_ips the networks reached through the tunnel, the router's local CIDRs and the WireGuard network, and dns the
+    addresses of the remote access clients' resolver, [] while it does not run."""
+    try:
+        public_key = vpnrouter.WG_PUBLIC_KEY.read_text(encoding='utf-8').strip() or None
+    except OSError:
+        public_key = None
+    fqdn = cfg['wan']['local_fqdn'].strip()
+    address = cfg['wireguard']['address'].strip()
+    networks = section(state, 'network').get('local_cidrs')
+    allowed = [cidr for cidr in networks if isinstance(cidr, str)] if isinstance(networks, list) else []
+    if address:
+        allowed.append(str(ipaddress.ip_interface(address).network))
+    dns = section(state, 'network').get('client_dns')
+    return {'public_key': public_key, 'endpoint': f'{fqdn}:{cfg["wireguard"]["listen_port"]}' if fqdn else None,
+            'allowed_ips': list(dict.fromkeys(allowed)),
+            'dns': [address for address in dns if isinstance(address, str)] if isinstance(dns, list) else []}
+
+
+def remote_access(state, method, path, body):
+    """Answer a /remote-access request: the HTTP status and the JSON document.
+
+      GET /remote-access            {"p2s", "openvpn", "wireguard", "running", "local_fqdn", "wireguard_server"}: the
+                                    settings of the three remote access systems (REMOTE_ACCESS), whether setup runs
+                                    each (running: {p2s, openvpn, wireguard}), wan.local_fqdn, which IKEv2 and OpenVPN
+                                    need with the router's VPN server certificate, and what a WireGuard peer's
+                                    configuration needs of the router (wireguard_server)
+      PUT /remote-access/<system>   change any of the settings of the system's section; answers the section
+
+    A change is made as /site-to-site makes one, and applied by restarting vpn-router-setup without waiting for it.
+    """
+    if body == 'invalid' or (body is not None and not isinstance(body, dict)):
+        return 400, {'error': 'the body must be a JSON object'}
+    body = body or {}
+    parts = path.strip('/').split('/')
+    try:
+        if (method, len(parts)) == ('GET', 1):
+            cfg = vpnrouter.load_config()
+            return 200, {**{system: cfg[system] for system in REMOTE_ACCESS},
+                         'running': {system: bool(state.get(system)) for system in REMOTE_ACCESS},
+                         'local_fqdn': cfg['wan']['local_fqdn'],
+                         'wireguard_server': wireguard_server(cfg, state)}
+        if method != 'PUT' or len(parts) != 2 or parts[1] not in REMOTE_ACCESS:
+            return 404, {'error': f'no route {method} {path}'}
+        system = parts[1]
+        settings = {option: body[option] for option in vpnrouter.SCHEMA[system] if option in body}
+        with vpnrouter.config_lock():
+            data = vpnrouter.read_settings()
+            current = data.get(system)
+            data[system] = {**(current if isinstance(current, dict) else {}), **settings}
+            cfg = vpnrouter.with_defaults(data)
+            vpnrouter.validate(cfg)
+            vpnrouter.save_config(data)
+    except vpnrouter.ConfigError as exc:
+        return 400, {'error': str(exc)}
+    except OSError as exc:
+        return 500, {'error': f'the configuration cannot be written: {exc}'}
+    except SystemExit as exc:
+        return 500, {'error': str(exc.code)}
+    run('systemctl', 'restart', '--no-block', 'vpn-router-setup.service')
+    return 200, cfg[system]
@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+"""/dns: the primary name server of the router's domains."""
+
+import vpnrouter
+import vpnrouter_dns
+from vpnrouter_status import run
+
+from .common import section_change, unit_state
+
+
+def dns(method, path, query, body):
+    """Answer a /dns request with vpnrouter_dns: the HTTP status and the JSON document.
+
+      GET    /dns           {"settings", "installed", "running", "domains", "problem"}: the dns section of the
+                            configuration, whether PowerDNS is installed and runs, the domains, each {"name", "sites",
+                            "ttl", "secondaries", "manual", "records"} with its secondaries {"nameserver", "address"},
+                            its manual records and the records the name server serves, and why the domains cannot be
+                            read, null when they can
+      PUT    /dns           change any of the settings of the dns section
+      POST   /dns/domains   add a domain: {"name", "sites"?, "ttl"?}; sites gives the host names of the enabled sites
+                            in it records; ttl is dns.ttl when null or absent; an existing name is 409
+      PUT    /dns/domains/<domain>
+                            change "sites" or "ttl" of the domain
+      DELETE /dns/domains/<domain>
+                            remove the domain with its secondaries and manual records
+      POST   /dns/domains/<domain>/secondaries
+                            add a secondary name server of the domain, or change its address: {"nameserver", "address"}
+      DELETE /dns/domains/<domain>/secondaries/<nameserver>
+                            remove the secondary name server
+      POST   /dns/domains/<domain>/records
+                            add a manual record: {"name", "type", "content", "ttl"?}; name is relative to the domain,
+                            @ for the domain itself, or absolute with a final dot; ttl is the domain's without it
+      DELETE /dns/domains/<domain>/records
+                            remove the manual records of name= and type=, with content= only that one
+
+    A change is applied by restarting vpn-router-setup without waiting for it.
+    """
+    if body == 'invalid' or (body is not None and not isinstance(body, dict)):
+        return 400, {'error': 'the body must be a JSON object'}
+    body = body or {}
+    parts = path.strip('/').split('/')
+    route = (method, *parts[:2], *parts[3:4])
+    try:
+        cfg = vpnrouter.load_config()
+        if route == ('GET', 'dns'):
+            domains, problem = [], None
+            try:
+                domains = vpnrouter_dns.listing()
+            except vpnrouter_dns.DatabaseError as exc:
+                problem = str(exc)
+            return 200, {'settings': cfg['dns'], 'installed': vpnrouter_dns.PDNS_SERVER.exists(),
+                         'running': unit_state(vpnrouter_dns.UNIT) == 'active', 'domains': domains,
+                         'problem': problem}
+        if route == ('PUT', 'dns'):
+            changed = section_change('dns', body)
+            return changed if isinstance(changed, tuple) else (200, {'settings': changed})
+        if route == ('POST', 'dns', 'domains') and len(parts) == 2:
+            document, code = vpnrouter_dns.domain_add(body), 201
+        elif route == ('PUT', 'dns', 'domains') and len(parts) == 3:
+            document, code = vpnrouter_dns.domain_change(parts[2], body), 200
+        elif route == ('DELETE', 'dns', 'domains') and len(parts) == 3:
+            document, code = vpnrouter_dns.domain_remove(parts[2]), 200
+        elif route == ('POST', 'dns', 'domains', 'secondaries') and len(parts) == 4:
+            document, code = vpnrouter_dns.secondary_add(parts[2], body), 201
+        elif route == ('DELETE', 'dns', 'domains', 'secondaries') and len(parts) == 5:
+            document, code = vpnrouter_dns.secondary_remove(parts[2], parts[4]), 200
+        elif route == ('POST', 'dns', 'domains', 'records') and len(parts) == 4:
+            document, code = vpnrouter_dns.add(cfg, parts[2], body), 201
+        elif route == ('DELETE', 'dns', 'domains', 'records') and len(parts) == 4:
+            content = query.get('content', [None])[0]
+            document = vpnrouter_dns.remove(parts[2], query.get('name', [''])[0], query.get('type', [''])[0], content)
+            code = 200
+        else:
+            return 404, {'error': f'no route {method} {path}'}
+    except vpnrouter_dns.Failure as failure:
+        return {3: 404, 4: 409}.get(failure.status, 400), {'error': str(failure)}
+    except vpnrouter_dns.DatabaseError as exc:
+        return 500, {'error': str(exc)}
+    except SystemExit as exc:
+        return 500, {'error': str(exc.code)}
+    run('systemctl', 'restart', '--no-block', 'vpn-router-setup.service')
+    return code, document
@@ -0,0 +1,238 @@
+"""The request handler of the web service: it reads a request, checks its token and passes it to the module of its
+path (answer)."""
+
+import json
+import sys
+import urllib.parse
+from http.server import BaseHTTPRequestHandler
+
+import ldap
+
+import vpnrouter
+import vpnrouter_auth
+import vpnrouter_net
+import vpnrouter_oidc
+import vpnrouter_pki
+import vpnrouter_sites
+
+from .auth import auth, auth_wait, refusal
+from .backup import backup
+from .common import BODY_LIMIT, CONFIG_FILE, current, log, read_json, section
+from .connectivity import remote_access, site_to_site
+from .dns import dns
+from .identities import account, groups, service_accounts, users
+from .logs import logs
+from .metrics import metrics_history, metrics_settings
+from .pki import PUBLISHED, ca
+from .shell import EDITOR_BODY_LIMIT, shell, shell_editor, shell_ticket
+from .sites import SITE_FILES, site_files, sites
+from .status import cached, details, html_of, postgresql_databases, shown, text_of
+
+
+class Handler(BaseHTTPRequestHandler):
+    protocol_version = 'HTTP/1.1'
+
+    def claims(self, secret):
+        """The claims of the request's token signed with the secret, or None without an acceptable one."""
+        header = self.headers.get('Authorization', '')
+        return vpnrouter_auth.verify(header[7:].strip(), secret) if header.startswith('Bearer ') else None
+
+    def client(self):
+        """The client address: the last X-Forwarded-For entry when the peer is a trusted proxy, else the peer."""
+        peer = self.client_address[0]
+        trusted = section(read_json(CONFIG_FILE), 'web').get('trusted_proxies') or [self.server.server_address[0]]
+        forwarded = self.headers.get('X-Forwarded-For', '')
+        if isinstance(trusted, list) and peer in trusted and forwarded.strip():
+            return forwarded.split(',')[-1].strip()
+        return peer
+
+    def refusal(self, claims, path, payload):
+        """The HTTP status and the message that refuse a request to a protected path, or None when it may be made."""
+        try:
+            reason = refusal(claims, self.command, path, payload)
+        except (ldap.LDAPError, OSError) as exc:
+            return 500, f'the user directory failed: {exc}'
+        except vpnrouter_sites.DatabaseError as exc:
+            return 500, str(exc)
+        return (403, reason) if reason else None
+
+    def answer(self, send_body):
+        path = self.path.split('?', 1)[0]
+        extra = []
+        self.principal = None
+        # A body that is not read must not be taken for the next request.
+        if self.command not in ('GET', 'HEAD'):
+            self.close_connection = True
+        directory = next((name for name in ('users', 'service-accounts', 'groups', 'account', 'site-to-site', 'backup',
+                                            'ca', 'shell', 'remote-access', 'logs', 'sites', 'dns')
+                          if path == f'/{name}' or path.startswith(f'/{name}/')), None)
+        protected = path in ('/status/full', '/config', '/metrics/history', '/metrics/settings', '/postgresql') or \
+            directory is not None
+        signing = path in ('/auth', '/auth/passkey', '/auth/passkey/complete', '/auth/refresh', '/auth/logout')
+        oidc = (path == '/.well-known/openid-configuration' or path.startswith('/oidc/')) and \
+            self.server.server_address[0] == vpnrouter_net.LOOPBACK
+        files = SITE_FILES.match(path) if directory == 'sites' else None
+        query = urllib.parse.parse_qs(urllib.parse.urlsplit(self.path).query)
+        state = current() if protected or signing else {}
+        claims = self.claims(state['key']) if protected and state['key'] else None
+        # The body of a file upload is read as a stream, after the request is allowed.
+        payload = self.request_body(EDITOR_BODY_LIMIT if path.startswith('/shell/editor/') else BODY_LIMIT) \
+            if (protected or signing) and self.command not in ('GET', 'HEAD') and not (files and self.command == 'PUT') \
+            else None
+        if claims is not None:
+            self.principal = 'admin' if claims.get('admin') is True else claims.get('sub')
+        if (protected or signing) and not state['key']:
+            body, kind, code = b'Not found\n', 'text/plain; charset=utf-8', 404
+        elif signing and self.command != 'POST':
+            body, kind, code = b'Method not allowed\n', 'text/plain; charset=utf-8', 405
+        elif signing:
+            wait = auth_wait(self.client()) if path not in ('/auth/logout', '/auth/passkey') else 0
+            if wait:
+                code, document = 429, {'error': f'too many sign-in calls; retry in {wait} seconds'}
+                extra.append(('Retry-After', str(wait)))
+            else:
+                code, document = auth(path, payload)
+            body, kind = json.dumps(document, indent=2).encode() + b'\n', 'application/json'
+        elif protected and claims is None:
+            body, kind, code = b'Unauthorized\n', 'text/plain; charset=utf-8', 401
+            extra.append(('WWW-Authenticate', 'Bearer'))
+        elif protected and (refused := self.refusal(claims, path, payload)):
+            code, kind = refused[0], 'application/json'
+            body = json.dumps({'error': refused[1]}, indent=2).encode() + b'\n'
+        elif path == '/status/full' and self.command in ('GET', 'HEAD'):
+            document = shown(cached(), 'full', self.client())
+            body, kind, code = json.dumps(document, indent=2).encode() + b'\n', 'application/json', 200
+        elif path == '/config' and self.command in ('GET', 'HEAD'):
+            body, kind, code = json.dumps(details(state), indent=2).encode() + b'\n', 'application/json', 200
+        elif path == '/postgresql' and self.command in ('GET', 'HEAD'):
+            body, kind, code = json.dumps(postgresql_databases(), indent=2).encode() + b'\n', 'application/json', 200
+        elif path == '/metrics/history' and self.command in ('GET', 'HEAD'):
+            query = urllib.parse.parse_qs(urllib.parse.urlsplit(self.path).query)
+            code, document = metrics_history(query.get('range', ['hour'])[0])
+            body, kind = json.dumps(document).encode() + b'\n', 'application/json'
+        elif path == '/metrics/settings':
+            code, document = metrics_settings(self.command, payload)
+            body, kind = json.dumps(document, indent=2).encode() + b'\n', 'application/json'
+        elif directory == 'shell' and (path, self.command) == ('/shell', 'GET'):
+            return shell(self, claims.get('sub'))
+        elif directory == 'shell' and path.startswith('/shell/editor/'):
+            code, document = shell_editor(claims.get('sub'), self.command, path.strip('/').split('/'), payload)
+            body, kind = json.dumps(document).encode() + b'\n', 'application/json'
+        elif directory == 'shell':
+            code, document = shell_ticket(claims.get('sub'), payload) if (path, self.command) == ('/shell', 'POST') \
+                else (404, {'error': f'no route {self.command} {path}'})
+            if code != 200:
+                log(f'shell ticket of {claims.get("sub")} from {self.client()} refused: {document["error"]}')
+            body, kind = json.dumps(document, indent=2).encode() + b'\n', 'application/json'
+        elif directory == 'account':
+            code, document = account(claims['sub'], self.command, path, payload)
+            body, kind = json.dumps(document, indent=2).encode() + b'\n', 'application/json'
+        elif directory == 'site-to-site':
+            code, document = site_to_site(self.command, path, payload)
+            body, kind = json.dumps(document, indent=2).encode() + b'\n', 'application/json'
+        elif directory == 'remote-access':
+            code, document = remote_access(state, self.command, path, payload)
+            body, kind = json.dumps(document, indent=2).encode() + b'\n', 'application/json'
+        elif directory == 'backup':
+            code, document = backup(self.command, path, payload)
+            body, kind = json.dumps(document, indent=2).encode() + b'\n', 'application/json'
+        elif directory == 'ca':
+            code, document = ca(self.command, path, payload)
+            body, kind = json.dumps(document, indent=2).encode() + b'\n', 'application/json'
+        elif directory == 'logs':
+            code, document = logs(self.command, path, query)
+            body, kind = json.dumps(document).encode() + b'\n', 'application/json'
+        elif files:
+            answered = site_files(self, files.group(1), files.group(2) or '', query, payload, send_body)
+            if answered is None:
+                return
+            code, document = answered
+            body, kind = json.dumps(document, indent=2).encode() + b'\n', 'application/json'
+        elif directory == 'sites':
+            code, document = sites(self.command, path, query, payload)
+            body, kind = json.dumps(document, indent=2).encode() + b'\n', 'application/json'
+        elif directory == 'dns':
+            code, document = dns(self.command, path, query, payload)
+            body, kind = json.dumps(document, indent=2).encode() + b'\n', 'application/json'
+        elif directory == 'service-accounts':
+            code, document = service_accounts(self.command, path, payload)
+            body, kind = json.dumps(document, indent=2).encode() + b'\n', 'application/json'
+        elif directory is not None:
+            code, document = (users if directory == 'users' else groups)(state, self.command, path, payload)
+            body, kind = json.dumps(document, indent=2).encode() + b'\n', 'application/json'
+        elif oidc:
+            wait = auth_wait(self.client()) if (self.command, path) == ('POST', '/oidc/login') else 0
+            if wait:
+                code, kind = 429, 'application/json'
+                body = json.dumps({'error': f'too many sign-in calls; retry in {wait} seconds'}).encode() + b'\n'
+                extra.append(('Retry-After', str(wait)))
+            else:
+                code, kind, body, headers = vpnrouter_oidc.answer(self.command, self.path, self.headers, self.raw_body())
+                extra += headers
+        elif self.command not in ('GET', 'HEAD'):
+            body, kind, code = b'Method not allowed\n', 'text/plain; charset=utf-8', 405
+        elif path.startswith('/pki/') and vpnrouter.PKI_NAME.match(path[5:-4]) and path[-4:] in PUBLISHED and \
+                (vpnrouter_pki.PUBLISH_DIR / path[5:]).is_file():
+            body, kind, code = (vpnrouter_pki.PUBLISH_DIR / path[5:]).read_bytes(), PUBLISHED[path[-4:]], 200
+        elif path in ('/status', '/'):
+            document = shown(cached(), section(read_json(CONFIG_FILE), 'web').get('status_content'), self.client())
+            agent = self.headers.get('User-Agent', '').lower()
+            if path == '/status':
+                body, kind = json.dumps(document, indent=2).encode() + b'\n', 'application/json'
+            elif 'curl' in agent or 'wget' in agent:
+                body, kind = text_of(document).encode(), 'text/plain; charset=utf-8'
+            else:
+                body, kind = html_of(document).encode(), 'text/html; charset=utf-8'
+            code = 200
+        else:
+            body, kind, code = b'Not found\n', 'text/plain; charset=utf-8', 404
+        self.send_response(code)
+        self.send_header('Content-Type', kind)
+        self.send_header('Content-Length', str(len(body)))
+        self.send_header('Cache-Control', 'no-store')
+        for name, value in extra:
+            self.send_header(name, value)
+        self.end_headers()
+        if send_body:
+            self.wfile.write(body)
+
+    def raw_body(self):
+        """The request body's bytes, b'' without one or over BODY_LIMIT."""
+        try:
+            size = int(self.headers.get('Content-Length') or 0)
+        except ValueError:
+            return b''
+        return self.rfile.read(size) if 0 < size <= BODY_LIMIT else b''
+
+    def request_body(self, limit=BODY_LIMIT):
+        """The request body as JSON, None when there is none, or the string 'invalid', also when it is larger than
+        limit bytes."""
+        length = self.headers.get('Content-Length')
+        if not length:
+            return None
+        try:
+            size = int(length)
+            if not 0 <= size <= limit:
+                return 'invalid'
+            return json.loads(self.rfile.read(size) or b'null')
+        except ValueError:
+            return 'invalid'
+
+    def do_GET(self):
+        self.answer(True)
+
+    def do_HEAD(self):
+        self.answer(False)
+
+    def do_POST(self):
+        self.answer(True)
+
+    def do_PUT(self):
+        self.answer(True)
+
+    def do_DELETE(self):
+        self.answer(True)
+
+    def log_message(self, format, *args):
+        principal = getattr(self, 'principal', None) or '-'
+        sys.stderr.write('%s - %s [%s] %s\n' % (self.client_address[0], principal, self.log_date_time_string(), format % args))
@@ -0,0 +1,277 @@
+"""The identities of the router's directory: /users, /service-accounts, /groups and the signed-in user's /account."""
+
+import urllib.parse
+
+import ldap
+
+import vpnrouter
+import vpnrouter_auth
+import vpnrouter_passkeys
+import vpnrouter_users
+
+from .common import USER_STATUS
+
+
+def users(state, method, path, body):
+    """Answer a /users request with vpnrouter_users: the HTTP status and the JSON document.
+
+      GET    /users                   the users, and {"enabled", "address"} of wireguard, whose network their
+                                      WireGuard peers take their addresses from
+      POST   /users                   add a user: {"name", "password", "first_name", "last_name", "email"};
+                                      without the names a Manager-only account
+      PUT    /users/<name>            change any of {"first_name", "last_name", "email", "wireguard_peers"};
+                                      wireguard_peers, [{"public_key", "ips"}], replaces the user's peers
+      PUT    /users/<name>/password   set the password: {"password": ...}
+      POST   /users/<name>/disable    lock the user out of OpenVPN
+      POST   /users/<name>/enable     let the user in again
+      POST   /users/<name>/unlock     end a lockout after failed logins
+      DELETE /users/<name>            remove the user and revoke the certificate
+      GET    /users/<name>/profile    the OpenVPN client profile
+      POST   /users/<name>/apple-profile
+                                      the Apple configuration profile of IKEv2 access: {"password"}, which
+                                      encrypts the user's key in it; {"name", "profile"}
+      POST   /users/<name>/otp       a new TOTP secret and its otpauth URI; nothing is stored
+      PUT    /users/<name>/otp        store a TOTP secret: {"secret", "code"}, code a code of the secret
+      DELETE /users/<name>/otp        remove the TOTP token
+      DELETE /users/<name>/passkeys   remove all the user's passkeys
+      PUT    /users/<name>/console    switch console login on or off: {"enabled", "account"?}, account a local account,
+                                      without which the user's own posixAccount; only a token of vpn-router-token
+
+    Service accounts are served by /service-accounts: they are not listed, and a request naming one is 404.
+    """
+    if body == 'invalid' or (body is not None and not isinstance(body, dict)):
+        return 400, {'error': 'the body must be a JSON object'}
+    body = body or {}
+    parts = path.strip('/').split('/')
+    route = (method, len(parts), parts[2] if len(parts) == 3 else None)
+    name = parts[1] if len(parts) > 1 else None
+    actions = {
+        ('GET', 1, None): lambda connection: {
+            'users': [user for user in vpnrouter_users.list_users(connection)['users'] if not user['service']],
+            'wireguard': {option: vpnrouter.load_config()['wireguard'][option] for option in ('enabled', 'address')}},
+        ('POST', 1, None): lambda connection: vpnrouter_users.add(connection, body.get('name'), body.get('password'), body),
+        ('PUT', 2, None): lambda connection: vpnrouter_users.update(connection, name, body),
+        ('PUT', 3, 'password'): lambda connection: vpnrouter_users.passwd(connection, name, body.get('password')),
+        ('POST', 3, 'disable'): lambda connection: vpnrouter_users.disable(connection, name),
+        ('POST', 3, 'enable'): lambda connection: vpnrouter_users.enable(connection, name),
+        ('POST', 3, 'unlock'): lambda connection: vpnrouter_users.unlock(connection, name),
+        ('DELETE', 2, None): lambda connection: vpnrouter_users.remove(connection, name),
+        ('GET', 3, 'profile'): lambda connection: vpnrouter_users.profile(connection, name),
+        ('POST', 3, 'apple-profile'): lambda connection: vpnrouter_users.apple_profile(connection, name,
+                                                                                       body.get('password')),
+        ('POST', 3, 'otp'): lambda connection: vpnrouter_users.otp_new(connection, name),
+        ('PUT', 3, 'otp'): lambda connection: vpnrouter_users.otp_enrol(connection, name, body.get('secret'), body.get('code')),
+        ('DELETE', 3, 'otp'): lambda connection: vpnrouter_users.otp_remove(connection, name),
+        ('DELETE', 3, 'passkeys'): lambda connection: vpnrouter_passkeys.remove(connection, name),
+        ('PUT', 3, 'console'): lambda connection: vpnrouter_users.console(connection, name, body.get('enabled'), body.get('account')),
+    }
+    # The vpnrouter_users operation of each route that may revoke refresh tokens.
+    operations = {('PUT', 3, 'password'): 'passwd', ('POST', 3, 'disable'): 'disable', ('POST', 3, 'unlock'): 'unlock',
+                  ('DELETE', 2, None): 'remove'}
+    if route not in actions:
+        return 404, {'error': f'no route {method} {path}'}
+    try:
+        with vpnrouter_users.session() as connection:
+            if name is not None and vpnrouter_users.service(vpnrouter_users.entry(connection, name)):
+                raise vpnrouter_users.Failure(f'{name} is a service account; see /service-accounts', 3)
+            document = actions[route](connection)
+        if operations.get(route) in vpnrouter_auth.REVOKING:
+            vpnrouter_auth.revoke(vpnrouter.load_config(), name)
+    except vpnrouter_users.Failure as failure:
+        return USER_STATUS.get(failure.status, 500), {'error': str(failure)}
+    except (ldap.LDAPError, OSError) as exc:
+        return 500, {'error': f'the user directory failed: {exc}'}
+    except vpnrouter_auth.DatabaseError as exc:
+        return 500, {'error': str(exc)}
+    except SystemExit as exc:
+        # vpnrouter ends with SystemExit, carrying the reason, on a configuration it cannot read.
+        return 500, {'error': str(exc.code)}
+    return (201 if route == ('POST', 1, None) else 200), document
+
+
+def oidc_settings():
+    """{"enabled", "issuer"} of the OpenID Provider, issuer null while it is disabled."""
+    cfg = vpnrouter.load_config()
+    enabled = cfg['oidc']['enabled']
+    return {'enabled': enabled, 'issuer': vpnrouter.oidc_issuer(cfg) if enabled else None}
+
+
+def service_accounts(method, path, body):
+    """Answer a /service-accounts request with vpnrouter_users: the HTTP status and the JSON document.
+
+      GET    /service-accounts                   the service accounts: {"service_accounts": [...], "oidc": {"enabled",
+                                                 "issuer"}}, issuer that of the OpenID Provider, null while it is disabled
+      POST   /service-accounts                   add one: {"name", "password", "display_name"?, "description"?, "email"?,
+                                                 "redirect_uris"?, "post_logout_redirect_uris"?, "allowed_groups"?}
+      PUT    /service-accounts/<name>            change any of {"display_name", "description", "email", "redirect_uris",
+                                                 "post_logout_redirect_uris", "allowed_groups"}; "" removes one of the
+                                                 first three, [] the values of the others
+      PUT    /service-accounts/<name>/password   set the password: {"password": ...}
+      POST   /service-accounts/<name>/disable    lock it out
+      POST   /service-accounts/<name>/enable     let it in again
+      POST   /service-accounts/<name>/unlock     end a lockout after failed logins
+      DELETE /service-accounts/<name>            remove it
+
+    A service account with redirect URIs is a client of the OpenID Provider (vpnrouter_users.client_settings). A name
+    that is not a service account is 404. The internal service accounts (vpnrouter_users.internal_accounts), which
+    the router manages, are only listed: every other request on one is refused with 403.
+    """
+    if body == 'invalid' or (body is not None and not isinstance(body, dict)):
+        return 400, {'error': 'the body must be a JSON object'}
+    body = body or {}
+    parts = path.strip('/').split('/')
+    route = (method, len(parts), parts[2] if len(parts) == 3 else None)
+    name = parts[1] if len(parts) > 1 else None
+    settings = {key: body.get(key) for key in ('email', 'display_name', 'description', 'redirect_uris',
+                                               'post_logout_redirect_uris', 'allowed_groups')}
+    actions = {
+        ('GET', 1, None): lambda connection: {
+            'service_accounts': [user for user in vpnrouter_users.list_users(connection)['users'] if user['service']],
+            'oidc': oidc_settings()},
+        ('POST', 1, None): lambda connection: vpnrouter_users.add(connection, body.get('name'), body.get('password'), settings,
+                                                                  service=True),
+        ('PUT', 2, None): lambda connection: vpnrouter_users.update_service(connection, name, settings),
+        ('PUT', 3, 'password'): lambda connection: vpnrouter_users.passwd(connection, name, body.get('password')),
+        ('POST', 3, 'disable'): lambda connection: vpnrouter_users.disable(connection, name),
+        ('POST', 3, 'enable'): lambda connection: vpnrouter_users.enable(connection, name),
+        ('POST', 3, 'unlock'): lambda connection: vpnrouter_users.unlock(connection, name),
+        ('DELETE', 2, None): lambda connection: vpnrouter_users.remove(connection, name),
+    }
+    if route not in actions:
+        return 404, {'error': f'no route {method} {path}'}
+    if name is not None and name in vpnrouter_users.internal_accounts():
+        return 403, {'error': f'{name} is an internal service account, which the router manages'}
+    try:
+        with vpnrouter_users.session() as connection:
+            if name is not None and not vpnrouter_users.service(vpnrouter_users.entry(connection, name)):
+                raise vpnrouter_users.Failure(f'{name} is not a service account', 3)
+            document = actions[route](connection)
+    except vpnrouter_users.Failure as failure:
+        return USER_STATUS.get(failure.status, 500), {'error': str(failure)}
+    except (ldap.LDAPError, OSError) as exc:
+        return 500, {'error': f'the user directory failed: {exc}'}
+    except SystemExit as exc:
+        return 500, {'error': str(exc.code)}
+    return (201 if route == ('POST', 1, None) else 200), document
+
+
+def groups(state, method, path, body):
+    """Answer a /groups request with vpnrouter_users: the HTTP status and the JSON document.
+
+      GET    /groups                          the groups with their members
+      POST   /groups                          add a group: {"name", "members": [...], "description"?}
+      PUT    /groups/<name>                   rename it or change the description: {"name"?, "description"?}
+      DELETE /groups/<name>                   remove the group; its members are kept
+      POST   /groups/<name>/members           add a member: {"user": ...}
+      DELETE /groups/<name>/members/<user>    take a member out; the last member cannot leave
+
+    An internal service account (vpnrouter_users.internal_accounts) is not put in or taken out of a group: such a
+    request is refused with 403.
+    """
+    if body == 'invalid' or (body is not None and not isinstance(body, dict)):
+        return 400, {'error': 'the body must be a JSON object'}
+    body = body or {}
+    parts = path.strip('/').split('/')
+    name = parts[1] if len(parts) > 1 else None
+    route = (method, len(parts), parts[2] if len(parts) > 2 else None)
+    members = body.get('members') if route == ('POST', 1, None) else [body.get('user')] if route == ('POST', 3, 'members') \
+        else [parts[3]] if route == ('DELETE', 4, 'members') else []
+    internal = sorted(set(vpnrouter_users.internal_accounts()).intersection(
+        member for member in (members if isinstance(members, list) else []) if isinstance(member, str)))
+    if internal:
+        return 403, {'error': f'{", ".join(internal)}: internal service accounts, which the router manages, are not group members'}
+    actions = {
+        ('GET', 1, None): lambda connection: vpnrouter_users.list_groups(connection),
+        ('POST', 1, None): lambda connection: vpnrouter_users.group_add(
+            connection, body.get('name'), body.get('description'), body.get('members')),
+        ('PUT', 2, None): lambda connection: vpnrouter_users.group_update(
+            connection, name, body.get('name'), body.get('description')),
+        ('DELETE', 2, None): lambda connection: vpnrouter_users.group_remove(connection, name),
+        ('POST', 3, 'members'): lambda connection: vpnrouter_users.group_member_add(connection, name, body.get('user')),
+        ('DELETE', 4, 'members'): lambda connection: vpnrouter_users.group_member_remove(connection, name, parts[3]),
+    }
+    if route not in actions:
+        return 404, {'error': f'no route {method} {path}'}
+    try:
+        with vpnrouter_users.session() as connection:
+            document = actions[route](connection)
+    except vpnrouter_users.Failure as failure:
+        return USER_STATUS.get(failure.status, 500), {'error': str(failure)}
+    except (ldap.LDAPError, OSError) as exc:
+        return 500, {'error': f'the user directory failed: {exc}'}
+    return (201 if route == ('POST', 1, None) else 200), document
+
+
+def account(name, method, path, body):
+    """Answer an /account request of the user named by the token with vpnrouter_users: the HTTP status and the JSON document.
+
+      GET  /account            the user, with admin, whether the user is a member of ADMIN_GROUP
+      PUT  /account/password   set the password: {"current_password", "current_code"?, "password"}
+      POST /account/otp        a new TOTP secret and its otpauth URI; nothing is stored
+      PUT  /account/otp        store a TOTP secret: {"current_password", "current_code"?, "secret", "code"},
+                               code a code of the secret
+      POST /account/passkeys   begin the registration of a passkey: {"current_password", "current_code"?};
+                               {"id", "options"} for navigator.credentials.create
+      PUT  /account/passkeys   store the passkey: {"id", "credential", "label"?}, credential the browser's answer
+      DELETE /account/passkeys/<id>
+                               remove a passkey
+      POST   /account/profile  the user's OpenVPN client profile: {"current_password", "current_code"?}; {"name",
+                               "profile"}
+      POST   /account/apple-profile
+                               the user's Apple configuration profile of IKEv2 access:
+                               {"current_password", "current_code"?, "password"}, password encrypting the user's key in
+                               it; {"name", "profile"}
+
+    A change but the removal of a passkey, and the profiles, need the current password and, for an enrolled user, a
+    current code; a wrong
+    one is 403 and counts as a failed login. A password change revokes the user's refresh tokens.
+    """
+    if body == 'invalid' or (body is not None and not isinstance(body, dict)):
+        return 400, {'error': 'the body must be a JSON object'}
+    body = body or {}
+    route = (method, path.rstrip('/'))
+    removing = method == 'DELETE' and path.startswith('/account/passkeys/') and len(path.strip('/').split('/')) == 3
+    if not removing and route not in (('GET', '/account'), ('PUT', '/account/password'), ('POST', '/account/otp'),
+                                      ('PUT', '/account/otp'), ('POST', '/account/passkeys'), ('PUT', '/account/passkeys'),
+                                      ('POST', '/account/profile'), ('POST', '/account/apple-profile')):
+        return 404, {'error': f'no route {method} {path}'}
+    try:
+        if route == ('PUT', '/account/password'):
+            vpnrouter_users.check_password(body.get('password'))
+        if route in (('PUT', '/account/password'), ('PUT', '/account/otp'), ('POST', '/account/passkeys'),
+                     ('POST', '/account/profile'), ('POST', '/account/apple-profile')):
+            vpnrouter_users.login(name, body.get('current_password'), body.get('current_code'))
+        with vpnrouter_users.session() as connection:
+            if route == ('GET', '/account'):
+                document = {**vpnrouter_users.summary(vpnrouter_users.entry(connection, name)),
+                            'admin': vpnrouter_users.is_admin(connection, name)}
+            elif route == ('PUT', '/account/password'):
+                document = vpnrouter_users.passwd(connection, name, body['password'])
+            elif route == ('POST', '/account/otp'):
+                document = vpnrouter_users.otp_new(connection, name)
+            elif route == ('POST', '/account/profile'):
+                document = vpnrouter_users.profile(connection, name)
+            elif route == ('POST', '/account/apple-profile'):
+                document = vpnrouter_users.apple_profile(connection, name, body.get('password'))
+            elif route == ('POST', '/account/passkeys'):
+                document = vpnrouter_passkeys.register_begin(connection, name)
+            elif route == ('PUT', '/account/passkeys'):
+                document = vpnrouter_passkeys.register_complete(connection, name, body.get('id'), body.get('credential'),
+                                                                body.get('label'))
+            elif removing:
+                document = vpnrouter_passkeys.remove(connection, name, urllib.parse.unquote(path.strip('/').split('/')[2]))
+            else:
+                document = vpnrouter_users.otp_enrol(connection, name, body.get('secret'), body.get('code'))
+        if route == ('PUT', '/account/password'):
+            vpnrouter_auth.revoke(vpnrouter.load_config(), name)
+    except vpnrouter_users.Failure as failure:
+        if failure.status == 5:
+            return 403, {'error': 'the current password or code is wrong'}
+        return USER_STATUS.get(failure.status, 500), {'error': str(failure)}
+    except (ldap.LDAPError, OSError) as exc:
+        return 500, {'error': f'the user directory failed: {exc}'}
+    except vpnrouter_auth.DatabaseError as exc:
+        return 500, {'error': str(exc)}
+    except SystemExit as exc:
+        return 500, {'error': str(exc.code)}
+    return 200, document
@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+"""/logs: the last lines of the journal of the router's units and of the files web.log_files lists."""
+
+import os
+import subprocess
+
+import vpnrouter
+
+#: The units whose journal /logs/journal shows, besides the whole journal: the package's own and the services it runs.
+JOURNAL_UNITS = ('vpn-router-setup', 'vpn-router-web', 'vpn-router-metrics', 'vpn-router-pki', 'vpn-router-backup',
+                 'vpn-router-caddy', 'vpn-router-manager', 'caddy', 'slapd', 'nslcd', 'postgresql', 'strongswan',
+                 'wg-quick@wg0', 'openvpn-server@vpn-router', 'ssh', 'vpn-router-resolver', 'vpn-router-webdav', 'pdns')
+
+#: The most lines /logs answers, the number it answers without lines, and the most bytes it reads from the end of a file.
+LOG_LINES_MAX = 1000
+
+LOG_LINES_DEFAULT = 200
+
+LOG_BYTES_MAX = 1024 * 1024
+
+
+def tail(path, count):
+    """The last count lines of a file, read from at most LOG_BYTES_MAX bytes at its end, invalid UTF-8 replaced."""
+    with open(path, 'rb') as handle:
+        size = handle.seek(0, os.SEEK_END)
+        start = max(0, size - LOG_BYTES_MAX)
+        handle.seek(start)
+        lines = handle.read().decode('utf-8', 'replace').splitlines()
+    # A read that starts inside the file starts inside a line, which is left out.
+    return (lines[1:] if start and lines else lines)[-count:]
+
+
+def logs(method, path, query):
+    """Answer a /logs request: the HTTP status and the JSON document.
+
+      GET /logs           {"units": JOURNAL_UNITS, "files": web.log_files, "max_lines": LOG_LINES_MAX}
+      GET /logs/journal   {"lines": [...]}: the last lines of the journal, of the unit unit= names, one of
+                          JOURNAL_UNITS, or of the whole journal without it
+      GET /logs/file      {"lines": [...]}: the last lines of the file path= names, one of web.log_files
+
+    lines= is the number of lines, 1 to LOG_LINES_MAX, LOG_LINES_DEFAULT without it.
+    """
+    if method not in ('GET', 'HEAD'):
+        return 405, {'error': f'{method} is not allowed on /logs'}
+    try:
+        files = [item.strip() for item in vpnrouter.load_config()['web']['log_files'] if item.strip()]
+    except SystemExit as exc:
+        return 500, {'error': str(exc.code)}
+    if path == '/logs':
+        return 200, {'units': list(JOURNAL_UNITS), 'files': files, 'max_lines': LOG_LINES_MAX}
+    text = query.get('lines', [str(LOG_LINES_DEFAULT)])[0]
+    if not text.isdigit() or not 1 <= int(text) <= LOG_LINES_MAX:
+        return 400, {'error': f'lines must be a whole number from 1 to {LOG_LINES_MAX}'}
+    count = int(text)
+    if path == '/logs/journal':
+        unit = query.get('unit', [''])[0]
+        if unit and unit not in JOURNAL_UNITS:
+            return 404, {'error': f'{unit} is not one of the units whose journal /logs shows'}
+        try:
+            result = subprocess.run(['journalctl', '--no-pager', '--quiet', '--output=short-iso', f'--lines={count}',
+                                     *([f'--unit={unit}.service'] if unit else [])], capture_output=True, text=True,
+                                    errors='replace', timeout=30)
+        except (OSError, subprocess.TimeoutExpired) as exc:
+            return 500, {'error': f'journalctl cannot be run: {exc}'}
+        if result.returncode != 0:
+            return 500, {'error': result.stderr.strip() or f'journalctl ended with status {result.returncode}'}
+        return 200, {'lines': result.stdout.splitlines()[-count:]}
+    if path == '/logs/file':
+        name = query.get('path', [''])[0]
+        if name not in files:
+            return 404, {'error': f'{name!r} is not one of web.log_files'}
+        try:
+            return 200, {'lines': tail(name, count)}
+        except OSError as exc:
+            return (404 if isinstance(exc, FileNotFoundError) else 500), {'error': f'{name} cannot be read: {exc.strerror}'}
+    return 404, {'error': f'no route {method} {path}'}
@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+"""/metrics/history and /metrics/settings: the metrics the metrics service keeps, and its settings."""
+
+import vpnrouter
+import vpnrouter_metrics
+
+from .common import section_change
+
+
+def metrics_history(view):
+    """Answer GET /metrics/history?range=<view> with vpnrouter_metrics.history: the HTTP status and the JSON document.
+
+    view is hour, the default, day, month or year (vpnrouter_metrics.RANGES).
+    """
+    if view not in vpnrouter_metrics.RANGES:
+        return 400, {'error': f'range must be one of {", ".join(vpnrouter_metrics.RANGES)}'}
+    try:
+        with vpnrouter_metrics.database(vpnrouter.load_config()) as connection:
+            return 200, vpnrouter_metrics.history(connection, view)
+    except vpnrouter_metrics.DatabaseError as exc:
+        return 500, {'error': str(exc)}
+    except SystemExit as exc:
+        return 500, {'error': str(exc.code)}
+
+
+def metrics_shown(settings):
+    """The metrics section as /metrics/settings shows it: its settings but otlp_password, with otlp_password_set."""
+    return {**{option: value for option, value in settings.items() if option != 'otlp_password'},
+            'otlp_password_set': bool(settings['otlp_password'])}
+
+
+def metrics_settings(method, body):
+    """Answer a /metrics/settings request: the HTTP status and the JSON document.
+
+      GET /metrics/settings  {"settings"}: the metrics section without otlp_password, with otlp_password_set
+      PUT /metrics/settings  change any of the settings of the metrics section; an empty or absent otlp_password keeps
+                             the current secret, and an empty otlp_username removes it
+
+    A change is applied by restarting vpn-router-setup without waiting for it.
+    """
+    if body == 'invalid' or (body is not None and not isinstance(body, dict)):
+        return 400, {'error': 'the body must be a JSON object'}
+    if method in ('GET', 'HEAD'):
+        try:
+            return 200, {'settings': metrics_shown(vpnrouter.load_config()['metrics'])}
+        except SystemExit as exc:
+            return 500, {'error': str(exc.code)}
+    if method != 'PUT':
+        return 404, {'error': f'no route {method} /metrics/settings'}
+    body = dict(body or {})
+    if not body.get('otlp_password'):
+        body.pop('otlp_password', None)
+    if body.get('otlp_username') == '':
+        body['otlp_password'] = ''
+    changed = section_change('metrics', body)
+    return changed if isinstance(changed, tuple) else (200, {'settings': metrics_shown(changed)})
@@ -0,0 +1,90 @@
+"""The PKI: /ca, and the certificates and CRLs /pki/ serves without authentication."""
+
+import ldap
+
+import vpnrouter
+import vpnrouter_pki
+from vpnrouter_status import run
+
+from .common import PKI_STATUS
+
+#: A file /pki/ serves: the certificate or the CRL of a CA, and its content type.
+PUBLISHED = {'.crt': 'application/pkix-cert', '.crl': 'application/pkix-crl'}
+
+
+def ca(method, path, body):
+    """Answer a /ca request with vpnrouter_pki: the HTTP status and the JSON document.
+
+      GET  /ca                                  {"settings", "templates", "extended_key_usages", "status",
+                                                "certificates"}: the pki section, the templates with the built-in
+                                                ones, the extended key usages, each {oid, builtin}, the root, the
+                                                issuing CAs, the retired CAs and the warnings (vpnrouter_pki.status),
+                                                and the certificates issued, newest first
+      PUT  /ca                                  change any of the settings of the pki section
+      POST /ca/certificates                     issue a certificate: {"ca", "template", "csr"} answers {"serial",
+                                                "certificate", "chain"}; {"ca", "template", "subject", "sans",
+                                                "password"} answers {"serial", "pfx"}, a PKCS#12 file in base64
+      POST /ca/certificates/<serial>/revoke     revoke a certificate: {"reason"?}
+      GET  /ca/bundle/<name>                    the PEM certificates a client trusts the CA with: {"name", "pem"}; for
+                                                root the root alone, for an issuing CA the issuing CA and the root
+      GET  /ca/issuing/<name>/csr               the CSR of an issuing CA that waits for the offline root, with the
+                                                openssl extensions to sign it with: {"name", "csr", "extensions"}
+      PUT  /ca/issuing/<name>/certificate       take its certificate signed by the root: {"certificate"}
+      PUT  /ca/root/crl                         take a root CRL signed offline: {"crl"}
+
+    A change of the settings is made as /site-to-site makes one; it, a revoked router certificate and an imported
+    issuing CA certificate are applied by restarting vpn-router-setup without waiting for it.
+    """
+    if body == 'invalid' or (body is not None and not isinstance(body, dict)):
+        return 400, {'error': 'the body must be a JSON object'}
+    body = body or {}
+    parts = path.strip('/').split('/')
+    route = (method, *parts[1:])
+    try:
+        cfg = vpnrouter.load_config()
+        if len(route) == 3 and route[:2] == ('GET', 'bundle'):
+            return 200, vpnrouter_pki.bundle(route[2])
+        if route == ('GET',):
+            return 200, {'settings': cfg['pki'], 'templates': vpnrouter.pki_templates(cfg),
+                         'extended_key_usages': {name: {'oid': oid, 'builtin': name in vpnrouter.EXTENDED_KEY_USAGES}
+                                                 for name, oid in vpnrouter.extended_key_usages(cfg).items()},
+                         'status': vpnrouter_pki.status(cfg), 'certificates': vpnrouter_pki.certificates()}
+        if route == ('PUT',):
+            settings = {option: body[option] for option in vpnrouter.SCHEMA['pki'] if option in body}
+            with vpnrouter.config_lock():
+                data = vpnrouter.read_settings()
+                current = data.get('pki')
+                data['pki'] = {**(current if isinstance(current, dict) else {}), **settings}
+                cfg = vpnrouter.with_defaults(data)
+                vpnrouter.validate(cfg)
+                vpnrouter.save_config(data)
+            run('systemctl', 'restart', '--no-block', 'vpn-router-setup.service')
+            return 200, {'settings': cfg['pki'], 'templates': vpnrouter.pki_templates(cfg)}
+        with vpnrouter_pki.locked():
+            if route == ('POST', 'certificates'):
+                return 201, vpnrouter_pki.issue(cfg, body.get('ca'), body.get('template'), csr=body.get('csr'),
+                                                subject=body.get('subject'), sans=body.get('sans'),
+                                                password=body.get('password'))
+            if len(route) == 4 and route[:2] == ('POST', 'certificates') and route[3] == 'revoke':
+                document = vpnrouter_pki.revoke(cfg, route[2], body.get('reason'))
+            elif len(route) == 4 and route[:2] == ('GET', 'issuing') and route[3] == 'csr':
+                return 200, vpnrouter_pki.csr(cfg, route[2])
+            elif len(route) == 4 and route[:2] == ('PUT', 'issuing') and route[3] == 'certificate':
+                document = vpnrouter_pki.import_ca(cfg, route[2], body.get('certificate'))
+            elif route == ('PUT', 'root', 'crl'):
+                return 200, vpnrouter_pki.import_root_crl(body.get('crl'))
+            else:
+                return 404, {'error': f'no route {method} {path}'}
+    except vpnrouter.ConfigError as exc:
+        return 400, {'error': str(exc)}
+    except vpnrouter_pki.Failure as failure:
+        return PKI_STATUS.get(failure.status, 500), {'error': str(failure)}
+    except ldap.LDAPError as exc:
+        return 500, {'error': f'the directory, which holds the PKI, failed: {exc}'}
+    except OSError as exc:
+        return 500, {'error': f'the PKI cannot be changed: {exc}'}
+    except SystemExit as exc:
+        return 500, {'error': str(exc.code)}
+    if route[1] == 'issuing' or document.get('reissue'):
+        run('systemctl', 'restart', '--no-block', 'vpn-router-setup.service')
+    return 200, document
@@ -0,0 +1,468 @@
+"""/shell: the ticket, the WebSocket of the terminal (shell), and the editor of the shell: the socket vpn-router-editor
+names files on (editor_listen) and /shell/editor/... (shell_editor)."""
+
+import base64
+import fcntl
+import hashlib
+import json
+import os
+import pwd
+import secrets
+import select
+import socket
+import struct
+import subprocess
+import termios
+import threading
+import time
+import urllib.parse
+
+import ldap
+
+import vpnrouter
+import vpnrouter_users
+from vpnrouter_status import run
+
+from .common import BODY_LIMIT, MIB, USER_STATUS, log
+
+#: Seconds a ticket of POST /shell may open a shell.
+SHELL_TICKET_SECONDS = 30
+
+#: Seconds between the checks of an open shell's user, which end the shell once its console is refused.
+SHELL_CHECK_SECONDS = 60
+
+#: The largest WebSocket message accepted from a client, in bytes.
+MESSAGE_LIMIT = 65536
+
+#: The socket vpn-router-editor (vre) names files on to open them in the editor of a shell (see editor_listen()).
+EDITOR_SOCKET = '/run/vpn-router/editor.sock'
+
+#: The helper that reads and writes a file of the editor as the shell's user.
+EDITOR_FILE = '/usr/lib/vpn-router/editor-file'
+
+#: The largest file the editor opens, in bytes, as editor-file allows; a body of PUT /shell/editor/... may hold its
+#: content escaped in JSON.
+EDITOR_MAX_BYTES = MIB
+
+EDITOR_BODY_LIMIT = 2 * EDITOR_MAX_BYTES + BODY_LIMIT
+
+#: The most files a shell has open in its editor at once.
+EDITOR_FILES_MAX = 20
+
+#: Seconds a reader of the editor socket and a run of editor-file may take.
+EDITOR_TIMEOUT = 30
+
+#: The GUID of RFC 6455 that the Sec-WebSocket-Accept of a handshake is made with.
+WEBSOCKET_GUID = '258EAFA5-E914-47DA-95CA-C5AB0DC85B11'
+
+#: WebSocket opcodes.
+TEXT, BINARY, CLOSE, PING, PONG = 1, 2, 8, 9, 10
+
+#: The unused tickets of POST /shell: ticket -> (user, monotonic time of expiry).
+_shell_tickets = {}
+
+_shell_lock = threading.Lock()
+
+#: The last use of a shell of each user, a sign-in of POST /shell or a keystroke: user -> monotonic time.
+_shell_used = {}
+
+#: The open shells by their session, which each shell has in VPN_ROUTER_SHELL: session -> {"user", "account", "uid",
+#: "send", the function that sends a WebSocket frame to its client, "files": {file id: path}}.
+_shell_sessions = {}
+
+
+def shell_ticket(name, body):
+    """Answer POST /shell: the HTTP status and the JSON document.
+
+    The user named by the token signs in again with {"password", "code"?}; a wrong password or code is 403 and counts
+    as a failed login. Without a password, the user is not asked to sign in while its last use of a shell (see
+    _shell_used) is less than web.shell_auth_timeout minutes ago. The answer is {"ticket", "expires_in"}: a ticket that
+    opens one shell (GET /shell) for the same user within SHELL_TICKET_SECONDS, or a null ticket when the user must
+    sign in. 403 while web.shell is false, the user's console login is not on or the user has no TOTP token.
+    """
+    if not isinstance(name, str):
+        return 403, {'error': 'the shell needs a token of a signed-in user'}
+    if not isinstance(body, dict):
+        return 400, {'error': 'the body must be a JSON object'}
+    try:
+        options = vpnrouter.load_config()['web']
+        if not options['shell']:
+            return 403, {'error': 'the shell is disabled; vpn-config-edit set web.shell true enables it'}
+        refusal = console_account(name)[1]
+        if refusal:
+            return 403, {'error': refusal}
+        if 'password' not in body:
+            with _shell_lock:
+                used = _shell_used.get(name)
+            if used is None or time.monotonic() - used >= options['shell_auth_timeout'] * 60:
+                return 200, {'ticket': None, 'expires_in': 0}
+        else:
+            vpnrouter_users.login(name, body.get('password'), body.get('code'))
+    except vpnrouter_users.Failure as failure:
+        if failure.status == 5:
+            return 403, {'error': 'the password or the code is wrong'}
+        return USER_STATUS.get(failure.status, 500), {'error': str(failure)}
+    except (ldap.LDAPError, OSError) as exc:
+        return 500, {'error': f'the user directory failed: {exc}'}
+    except SystemExit as exc:
+        return 500, {'error': str(exc.code)}
+    ticket = secrets.token_urlsafe(32)
+    now = time.monotonic()
+    with _shell_lock:
+        for unused in [key for key, (_, expires) in _shell_tickets.items() if expires <= now]:
+            del _shell_tickets[unused]
+        _shell_tickets[ticket] = (name, now + SHELL_TICKET_SECONDS)
+        _shell_used[name] = now
+    return 200, {'ticket': ticket, 'expires_in': SHELL_TICKET_SECONDS}
+
+
+def console_account(name):
+    """The system account the console of the user runs as and None, or None and the reason the user may not use a
+    console: its console login is off, or it has no TOTP token."""
+    with vpnrouter_users.session() as connection:
+        user = vpnrouter_users.summary(vpnrouter_users.entry(connection, name))
+    if not user['console'] or not user['console']['enabled']:
+        return None, f'console login is not enabled for {name}; vpn-router-user console sets it'
+    if not user['otp']:
+        return None, f'{name} has no TOTP token; the shell needs one, enrolled on the Account page'
+    return user['console']['account'], None
+
+
+def take_ticket(name, ticket):
+    """Whether the ticket of POST /shell is unexpired and was given to the user; it is used up either way."""
+    with _shell_lock:
+        holder, expires = _shell_tickets.pop(ticket, (None, 0.0))
+    return holder == name and expires > time.monotonic()
+
+
+def shell_command(account, unit, session):
+    """The command that runs the login shell of the system user account in the transient unit, on its terminal, with
+    the shell's session in VPN_ROUTER_SHELL for vpn-router-editor.
+
+    setsid makes the terminal the controlling one of systemd-run, which passes the window size on; systemd-run starts
+    the shell outside the web service's sandbox, in a PAM login session of the user.
+    """
+    return ['setsid', '--ctty', 'systemd-run', '--quiet', '--collect', '--pty', '--send-sighup', f'--unit={unit}',
+            f'--uid={account.pw_name}', '--property=PAMName=login', f'--working-directory={account.pw_dir}',
+            '--setenv=TERM=xterm-256color', f'--setenv=VPN_ROUTER_SHELL={session}', account.pw_shell or '/bin/sh', '-l']
+
+
+def editor_file(account, action, path, content=b'', version=''):
+    """Run editor-file as the system user account outside the sandbox: read the file, or write content to it when it
+    still has version. The exit status of editor-file and its output, or its message on failure."""
+    command = ['systemd-run', '--quiet', '--collect', '--pipe', f'--uid={account}', EDITOR_FILE, action, path]
+    try:
+        result = subprocess.run(command + ([version] if action == 'write' else []), input=content, capture_output=True,
+                                timeout=EDITOR_TIMEOUT)
+    except (OSError, subprocess.TimeoutExpired) as exc:
+        return 1, f'editor-file cannot be run: {exc}'.encode()
+    return result.returncode, result.stdout if result.returncode == 0 else result.stderr.strip() or \
+        f'editor-file ended with status {result.returncode}'.encode()
+
+
+def shell_editor(name, method, parts, body):
+    """Answer a request of a file open in the editor of one of the user's shells: the HTTP status and the JSON document.
+
+      GET    /shell/editor/<session>/<id>   {"path", "content", "version"}, version the SHA-256 of the content
+      PUT    /shell/editor/<session>/<id>   {"content", "version"} writes the content when the file still has version,
+                                            else 409; answers {"path", "version"}
+      DELETE /shell/editor/<session>/<id>   closes the file
+
+    The file is read and written as the shell's console account (editor_file). 404 for a session that is not a shell of
+    the user or a file it does not have open.
+    """
+    if len(parts) != 4:
+        return 404, {'error': f'no route {method} /{"/".join(parts)}'}
+    with _shell_lock:
+        session = _shell_sessions.get(parts[2])
+        path = session['files'].get(parts[3]) if session and session['user'] == name else None
+        account = session['account'] if path else None
+    if path is None:
+        return 404, {'error': 'no such file is open in a shell of yours'}
+    if method == 'DELETE':
+        with _shell_lock:
+            session['files'].pop(parts[3], None)
+        return 200, {'path': path, 'closed': True}
+    if method == 'GET':
+        status, output = editor_file(account, 'read', path)
+        if status != 0:
+            return (400 if status == 2 else 500), {'error': output.decode(errors='replace')}
+        return 200, {'path': path, 'content': output.decode(), 'version': hashlib.sha256(output).hexdigest()}
+    if method != 'PUT':
+        return 405, {'error': f'{method} is not allowed on a file of the editor'}
+    if not isinstance(body, dict) or not isinstance(body.get('content'), str) or not isinstance(body.get('version'), str):
+        return 400, {'error': 'the body must be {"content", "version"}'}
+    content = body['content'].encode()
+    if len(content) > EDITOR_MAX_BYTES:
+        return 413, {'error': f'the content is larger than {EDITOR_MAX_BYTES // 1024} KiB'}
+    status, output = editor_file(account, 'write', path, content, body['version'])
+    if status != 0:
+        return {2: 400, 3: 409}.get(status, 500), {'error': output.decode(errors='replace')}
+    log(f'editor of {name} saved {path} as {account}')
+    return 200, {'path': path, 'version': hashlib.sha256(content).hexdigest()}
+
+
+def editor_request(connection):
+    """Answer one request of vpn-router-editor on the editor socket: {"session", "path"} on a line opens the file in the
+    editor of the shell of the session, whose client is sent {"editor": "open", "session", "id", "path"} as a text
+    message.
+
+    The peer must run as the shell's console account and the path must be absolute. The answer is {"ok": true} or
+    {"error"} on a line.
+    """
+    try:
+        connection.settimeout(EDITOR_TIMEOUT)
+        _, uid, _ = struct.unpack('iII', connection.getsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_PEERCRED,
+                                                                struct.calcsize('iII')))
+        request = json.loads(connection.makefile('rb').readline(4096) or b'null')
+        if not isinstance(request, dict) or not isinstance(request.get('session'), str) or \
+                not isinstance(request.get('path'), str):
+            answer = {'error': 'the request must be {"session", "path"}'}
+        elif not os.path.isabs(request['path']):
+            answer = {'error': 'the path must be absolute'}
+        else:
+            with _shell_lock:
+                session = _shell_sessions.get(request['session'])
+                if session is None or session['uid'] != uid:
+                    answer = {'error': 'no shell of the Router Manager has this session; vre works only in its shell'}
+                elif len(session['files']) >= EDITOR_FILES_MAX:
+                    answer = {'error': f'the editor has {EDITOR_FILES_MAX} files open; close one first'}
+                else:
+                    file_id = secrets.token_urlsafe(8)
+                    session['files'][file_id] = request['path']
+                    answer = None
+            if answer is None:
+                session['send'](TEXT, json.dumps({'editor': 'open', 'session': request['session'], 'id': file_id,
+                                                  'path': request['path']}).encode())
+                log(f'editor of {session["user"]} opened {request["path"]}')
+                answer = {'ok': True}
+        connection.sendall(json.dumps(answer).encode() + b'\n')
+    except (OSError, ValueError, struct.error):
+        pass
+    finally:
+        connection.close()
+
+
+def editor_listen():
+    """Listen on EDITOR_SOCKET, which any local user may connect to, answering each connection in a thread with
+    editor_request; the socket of an earlier run is replaced. Does not return; a failure to listen is logged and the
+    editor stays closed."""
+    try:
+        if os.path.lexists(EDITOR_SOCKET):
+            os.unlink(EDITOR_SOCKET)
+        listener = socket.socket(socket.AF_UNIX, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
+        listener.bind(EDITOR_SOCKET)
+        os.chmod(EDITOR_SOCKET, 0o666)
+        listener.listen(16)
+    except OSError as exc:
+        log(f'the editor socket {EDITOR_SOCKET} cannot be opened: {exc}')
+        return
+    while True:
+        try:
+            connection, _ = listener.accept()
+        except OSError:
+            continue
+        threading.Thread(target=editor_request, args=(connection,), name='editor request', daemon=True).start()
+
+
+def frame(opcode, payload):
+    """A final, unmasked WebSocket frame of a server."""
+    size = len(payload)
+    if size < 126:
+        length = bytes([size])
+    elif size < 65536:
+        length = bytes([126]) + size.to_bytes(2, 'big')
+    else:
+        length = bytes([127]) + size.to_bytes(8, 'big')
+    return bytes([0x80 | opcode]) + length + payload
+
+
+def exact(handler, size):
+    """The next size bytes from the client of the Handler handler; ConnectionError when it closes first."""
+    data = handler.rfile.read(size)
+    if len(data) != size:
+        raise ConnectionError('the client closed the connection')
+    return data
+
+
+def message(handler, send):
+    """The opcode and the payload of the next WebSocket data message of the client of the Handler handler, or CLOSE
+    and its payload.
+
+    Fragments are joined and unmasked; a ping is answered with send, a pong ignored. ValueError for an unmasked
+    frame or a message over MESSAGE_LIMIT.
+    """
+    opcode, payload = None, b''
+    while True:
+        head = exact(handler, 2)
+        code, size = head[0] & 0x0F, head[1] & 0x7F
+        if not head[1] & 0x80:
+            raise ValueError('a frame of the client is not masked')
+        if size == 126:
+            size = int.from_bytes(exact(handler, 2), 'big')
+        elif size == 127:
+            size = int.from_bytes(exact(handler, 8), 'big')
+        if len(payload) + size > MESSAGE_LIMIT:
+            raise ValueError(f'a message is larger than {MESSAGE_LIMIT} bytes')
+        mask = exact(handler, 4) * (size // 4 + 1)
+        data = bytes(byte ^ key for byte, key in zip(exact(handler, size), mask))
+        if code == PING:
+            send(PONG, data)
+            continue
+        if code == PONG:
+            continue
+        if code == CLOSE:
+            return CLOSE, data
+        opcode = code if opcode is None else opcode
+        payload += data
+        if head[0] & 0x80:
+            return opcode, payload
+
+
+def shell(handler, name):
+    """Answer GET /shell?ticket=<ticket>, a WebSocket handshake the Handler handler received, with a login shell of the
+    user's console account (vpnrouter_users.console) on a terminal.
+
+    The ticket must come from POST /shell for the user named by the token. Binary messages of the client are its
+    keystrokes, a text message {"cols", "rows"} sets the window size, and binary messages of the server are the
+    terminal's output; a text message of the server {"editor": "open", "session", "id", "path"} opens a file the
+    shell named with vpn-router-editor (editor_request), which the client reads and saves with
+    /shell/editor/<session>/<id> (shell_editor) while the shell lives. The shell ends after web.shell_idle_minutes
+    without a keystroke, when it exits, when the client closes the connection, or when a check of the user (SHELL_CHECK_SECONDS) finds its console login off or
+    its TOTP token gone; the server then closes it with the reason. Each opening, end and refusal is logged
+    with its reason.
+    """
+    def refuse(code, message):
+        log(f'shell of {name} from {handler.client()} refused: {message}')
+        body = json.dumps({'error': message}).encode() + b'\n'
+        handler.send_response(code)
+        handler.send_header('Content-Type', 'application/json')
+        handler.send_header('Content-Length', str(len(body)))
+        handler.end_headers()
+        handler.wfile.write(body)
+
+    key = handler.headers.get('Sec-WebSocket-Key', '').strip()
+    if handler.headers.get('Upgrade', '').lower() != 'websocket' or 'upgrade' not in handler.headers.get('Connection', '').lower() \
+            or handler.headers.get('Sec-WebSocket-Version') != '13' or not key:
+        return refuse(400, 'GET /shell must be a WebSocket handshake')
+    query = urllib.parse.parse_qs(urllib.parse.urlsplit(handler.path).query)
+    if not take_ticket(name, query.get('ticket', [''])[0]):
+        return refuse(403, 'the ticket is not valid; POST /shell gives one')
+    try:
+        options = vpnrouter.load_config()['web']
+    except SystemExit as exc:
+        return refuse(500, str(exc.code))
+    if not options['shell']:
+        return refuse(403, 'the shell is disabled; vpn-config-edit set web.shell true enables it')
+    try:
+        login, refusal = console_account(name)
+    except (vpnrouter_users.Failure, ldap.LDAPError, OSError) as exc:
+        return refuse(500, f'the user directory failed: {exc}')
+    if refusal:
+        return refuse(403, refusal)
+    try:
+        account = pwd.getpwnam(login)
+    except KeyError:
+        return refuse(500, f'the system does not know the account {login}; is nslcd running?')
+    unit = f'vpn-router-shell-{secrets.token_hex(4)}'
+    session = secrets.token_urlsafe(24)
+    master, terminal = os.openpty()
+    try:
+        process = subprocess.Popen(shell_command(account, unit, session), stdin=terminal, stdout=terminal, stderr=terminal,
+                                   env={'PATH': '/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin'})
+    except OSError as exc:
+        os.close(master)
+        return refuse(500, f'the shell cannot be started: {exc}')
+    finally:
+        os.close(terminal)
+    accept = base64.b64encode(hashlib.sha1((key + WEBSOCKET_GUID).encode()).digest()).decode()
+    handler.send_response(101, 'Switching Protocols')
+    handler.send_header('Upgrade', 'websocket')
+    handler.send_header('Connection', 'Upgrade')
+    handler.send_header('Sec-WebSocket-Accept', accept)
+    handler.end_headers()
+    handler.close_connection = True
+    client, started, idle = handler.client(), time.monotonic(), options['shell_idle_minutes'] * 60
+    log(f'shell of {name} from {client} opened as {account.pw_name} in {unit}')
+
+    lock, ended, typed = threading.Lock(), threading.Event(), [started]
+
+    def send(opcode, payload):
+        with lock:
+            handler.wfile.write(frame(opcode, payload))
+
+    with _shell_lock:
+        _shell_sessions[session] = {'user': name, 'account': account.pw_name, 'uid': account.pw_uid, 'send': send,
+                                    'files': {}}
+
+    def receive():
+        """Pass the client's keystrokes and window sizes to the terminal until it closes the connection."""
+        try:
+            while True:
+                opcode, payload = message(handler, send)
+                if opcode == CLOSE:
+                    break
+                if opcode == BINARY:
+                    os.write(master, payload)
+                    typed[0] = time.monotonic()
+                    with _shell_lock:
+                        _shell_used[name] = typed[0]
+                elif opcode == TEXT:
+                    size = json.loads(payload)
+                    fcntl.ioctl(master, termios.TIOCSWINSZ, struct.pack('HHHH', int(size['rows']), int(size['cols']), 0, 0))
+        except (OSError, ValueError, KeyError, TypeError, struct.error):
+            pass
+        finally:
+            ended.set()
+
+    reader = threading.Thread(target=receive, name=f'{unit} input', daemon=True)
+    reader.start()
+    reason = 'the shell ended'
+    checked = started
+    try:
+        while not ended.is_set():
+            left = typed[0] + idle - time.monotonic()
+            if left <= 0:
+                reason = f'no keystroke for {options["shell_idle_minutes"]} minutes'
+                break
+            # The user's console login and TOTP token are checked again every SHELL_CHECK_SECONDS.
+            if time.monotonic() - checked >= SHELL_CHECK_SECONDS:
+                checked = time.monotonic()
+                try:
+                    refusal = console_account(name)[1]
+                except (vpnrouter_users.Failure, ldap.LDAPError, OSError) as exc:
+                    refusal = f'the user directory failed: {exc}'
+                if refusal:
+                    reason = refusal
+                    break
+            if select.select([master], [], [], min(left, 1))[0]:
+                try:
+                    output = os.read(master, 65536)
+                except OSError:
+                    output = b''
+                if not output:
+                    break
+                send(BINARY, output)
+        else:
+            reason = 'the client closed the connection'
+    except OSError:
+        reason = 'the connection failed'
+    with _shell_lock:
+        _shell_sessions.pop(session, None)
+    run('systemctl', 'stop', unit)
+    try:
+        send(CLOSE, (1000).to_bytes(2, 'big') + reason.encode()[:120])
+    except OSError:
+        pass
+    try:
+        handler.connection.shutdown(socket.SHUT_RDWR)
+    except OSError:
+        pass
+    reader.join()
+    os.close(master)
+    try:
+        process.wait(timeout=10)
+    except subprocess.TimeoutExpired:
+        process.kill()
+        process.wait()
+    log(f'shell of {name} from {client} in {unit} ended after {int(time.monotonic() - started)} seconds: {reason}')
@@ -0,0 +1,148 @@
+"""/sites: the settings of the web sites Caddy serves, the sites, and the files of each (site_files)."""
+
+import mimetypes
+import os
+import re
+import shutil
+import urllib.parse
+
+import ldap
+
+import vpnrouter
+import vpnrouter_sites
+from vpnrouter_status import run
+
+from .common import MIB, SITE_STATUS, section_change
+
+#: A path of a site's files: the site and the path in its folder.
+SITE_FILES = re.compile(r'^/sites/([^/]+)/files(?:/(.*))?$')
+
+
+def sites(method, path, query, body):
+    """Answer a /sites request but one of a site's files with vpnrouter_sites: the HTTP status and the JSON document.
+
+      GET    /sites          {"settings", "sites"}: the sites section of the configuration and the sites, each with its
+                             settings but private_key, with private_key_set, modified and its folder
+      PUT    /sites          change any of the settings of the sites section
+      POST   /sites          add a site: {"name", and any of "enabled", "hosts", "port", "listen", "tls", "ca",
+                             "certificate", "private_key", "index_file", "spa", "editors"}; an existing name is 409
+      GET    /sites/<name>   the site
+      PUT    /sites/<name>   change any of the settings of POST but name; an empty or absent private_key keeps the key
+      DELETE /sites/<name>   remove the site, with content=true also its folder
+
+    A change is applied by restarting vpn-router-setup without waiting for it.
+    """
+    if body == 'invalid' or (body is not None and not isinstance(body, dict)):
+        return 400, {'error': 'the body must be a JSON object'}
+    body = body or {}
+    parts = path.strip('/').split('/')
+    route = (method, len(parts))
+    try:
+        cfg = vpnrouter.load_config()
+        if route == ('GET', 1):
+            return 200, {'settings': cfg['sites'], 'sites': vpnrouter_sites.listing()}
+        if route == ('PUT', 1):
+            changed = section_change('sites', body)
+            return changed if isinstance(changed, tuple) else (200, {'settings': changed})
+        if route == ('POST', 1):
+            name = body.get('name')
+            document = vpnrouter_sites.save(cfg, name, {key: value for key, value in body.items() if key != 'name'},
+                                            True)
+            code = 201
+        elif route == ('GET', 2):
+            with vpnrouter_sites.database() as connection:
+                return 200, vpnrouter_sites.shown(vpnrouter_sites.get(connection, parts[1]))
+        elif route == ('PUT', 2):
+            document, code = vpnrouter_sites.save(cfg, parts[1], body, False), 200
+        elif route == ('DELETE', 2):
+            document = vpnrouter_sites.remove(parts[1], query.get('content', [''])[0] == 'true')
+            code = 200
+        else:
+            return 404, {'error': f'no route {method} {path}'}
+    except vpnrouter_sites.Failure as failure:
+        return SITE_STATUS.get(failure.status, 500), {'error': str(failure)}
+    except vpnrouter_sites.DatabaseError as exc:
+        return 500, {'error': str(exc)}
+    except (ldap.LDAPError, OSError) as exc:
+        return 500, {'error': f'the site cannot be changed: {exc}'}
+    except SystemExit as exc:
+        return 500, {'error': str(exc.code)}
+    run('systemctl', 'restart', '--no-block', 'vpn-router-setup.service')
+    return code, document
+
+
+def site_file_action(name, target, body):
+    """Answer a POST to a site's file or folder: {"folder": true} creates the folder, {"rename": "<path>"} moves the file
+    or folder to the path in the site's folder; the HTTP status and the JSON document."""
+    if not isinstance(body, dict):
+        return 400, {'error': 'the body must be a JSON object'}
+    try:
+        if body.get('folder') is True:
+            vpnrouter_sites.make_folder(target)
+            return 201, {'path': vpnrouter_sites.relative_of(name, target), 'folder': True}
+        if isinstance(body.get('rename'), str):
+            moved = vpnrouter_sites.rename(name, target, body['rename'])
+            return 200, {'path': vpnrouter_sites.relative_of(name, moved)}
+    except vpnrouter_sites.Failure as failure:
+        return SITE_STATUS.get(failure.status, 500), {'error': str(failure)}
+    except OSError as exc:
+        return 500, {'error': f'{exc.filename or target.name}: {exc.strerror}'}
+    return 400, {'error': 'give {"folder": true} or {"rename": "<path>"}'}
+
+
+def site_files(handler, name, relative, query, payload, send_body):
+    """Answer a request of a site's files the Handler handler received: the HTTP status and the JSON document, or None
+    once a file was sent.
+
+      GET    /sites/<name>/files/<path>   a folder: {"path", "entries": [{name, folder, size, modified}]}; a file:
+                                          the file itself, as an attachment
+      PUT    /sites/<name>/files/<path>   write the body to the file, its folders created; with unzip=true the body
+                                          is a zip archive extracted into the folder of the path: {"path", "files"}
+      POST   /sites/<name>/files/<path>   {"folder": true} creates the folder, {"rename": "<path>"} moves it
+      DELETE /sites/<name>/files/<path>   remove the file or folder
+
+    The body of a PUT needs a Content-Length of at most sites.upload_max_mb MiB.
+    """
+    try:
+        target = vpnrouter_sites.resolve(name, urllib.parse.unquote(relative))
+        if handler.command in ('GET', 'HEAD'):
+            if target.is_dir():
+                return 200, vpnrouter_sites.entries(name, target)
+            if not target.is_file():
+                return 404, {'error': f'{relative} does not exist'}
+            with open(target, 'rb') as handle:
+                size = os.fstat(handle.fileno()).st_size
+                handler.send_response(200)
+                handler.send_header('Content-Type', mimetypes.guess_type(target.name)[0] or 'application/octet-stream')
+                handler.send_header('Content-Length', str(size))
+                handler.send_header('Content-Disposition',
+                                    f"attachment; filename*=UTF-8''{urllib.parse.quote(target.name)}")
+                handler.send_header('Cache-Control', 'no-store')
+                handler.end_headers()
+                if send_body:
+                    shutil.copyfileobj(handle, handler.wfile, vpnrouter_sites.CHUNK)
+            return None
+        if handler.command == 'PUT':
+            length = handler.headers.get('Content-Length')
+            if not length or not length.isdigit():
+                return 411, {'error': 'the body needs a Content-Length'}
+            limit = vpnrouter.load_config()['sites']['upload_max_mb'] * MIB
+            if query.get('unzip', [''])[0] == 'true':
+                count = vpnrouter_sites.extract(handler.rfile, int(length), target, limit)
+                return 200, {'path': vpnrouter_sites.relative_of(name, target), 'files': count}
+            vpnrouter_sites.receive(handler.rfile, int(length), target, limit)
+            return 200, {'path': vpnrouter_sites.relative_of(name, target), 'files': 1}
+        if handler.command == 'POST':
+            return site_file_action(name, target, payload)
+        if handler.command == 'DELETE':
+            if not target.exists() and not target.is_symlink():
+                return 404, {'error': f'{relative} does not exist'}
+            vpnrouter_sites.delete(name, target)
+            return 200, {'path': vpnrouter_sites.relative_of(name, target), 'removed': True}
+    except vpnrouter_sites.Failure as failure:
+        return SITE_STATUS.get(failure.status, 500), {'error': str(failure)}
+    except OSError as exc:
+        return 500, {'error': f'{exc.filename or relative}: {exc.strerror}'}
+    except SystemExit as exc:
+        return 500, {'error': str(exc.code)}
+    return 405, {'error': f'{handler.command} is not allowed on a site\'s files'}
@@ -0,0 +1,322 @@
+"""The status of the router: / for people, /status, /status/full, /config and /postgresql, with the cache of the
+status that the requests of CACHE_SECONDS share (cached)."""
+
+import json
+import threading
+import time
+from html import escape
+
+import vpnrouter
+from vpnrouter_status import established_each, openvpn_clients, run, swanctl, wireguard_peers
+
+from .common import current, unit_state
+
+#: Seconds a collected status is answered again.
+CACHE_SECONDS = 2
+
+TAILWIND = 'https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/@tailwindcss/browser@4'
+
+#: Seconds after which the status page in a browser reloads itself.
+REFRESH_SECONDS = 60
+
+#: The PostgreSQL settings /config shows for each cluster.
+POSTGRESQL_SETTINGS = ('server_version', 'listen_addresses', 'port', 'max_connections', 'shared_buffers',
+                       'effective_cache_size', 'work_mem', 'password_encryption', 'ssl', 'timezone')
+
+_cache = {'at': 0.0, 'data': None}
+
+_lock = threading.Lock()
+
+
+def package_version(package='vpn-router'):
+    """The installed version of the package, or None when it is not installed."""
+    result = run('dpkg-query', '-W', '-f=${Version}', package)
+    return (result.stdout.strip() or None) if result and result.returncode == 0 else None
+
+
+def docker_status():
+    """Whether Docker is installed, and the state of its service and of the Docker rules when it is."""
+    result = run('systemctl', 'list-unit-files', '--no-legend', 'docker.service')
+    if result is None or result.returncode != 0 or not result.stdout.strip():
+        return {'installed': False}
+    return {
+        'installed': True,
+        'service': unit_state('docker.service'),
+        'rules': unit_state('vpn-router-docker.service'),
+    }
+
+
+def postgresql_clusters():
+    """The state of each PostgreSQL cluster unit (postgresql@<version>-<name>), or {'postgresql': 'no cluster'} without one.
+
+    postgresql.service, which only runs /bin/true, is not reported.
+    """
+    lines = lines_of('systemctl', 'list-units', 'postgresql@*.service', '--all', '--plain', '--no-legend') or []
+    names = [line.split()[0].removesuffix('.service') for line in lines if line.strip()]
+    return {name: unit_state(f'{name}.service') for name in names} or {'postgresql': 'no cluster'}
+
+
+def collect(state):
+    """The status document. state says which features the router has."""
+    units = {'vpn-router-setup': unit_state('vpn-router-setup.service'), 'slapd': unit_state('slapd.service'),
+             **postgresql_clusters()}
+    manager_version = package_version('vpn-router-manager')
+    if manager_version:
+        units['vpn-router-manager'] = unit_state('vpn-router-manager.service')
+    if state.get('site_to_site') or state.get('p2s'):
+        units['strongswan'] = unit_state('strongswan.service')
+    if state.get('wireguard'):
+        units['wg-quick@wg0'] = unit_state('wg-quick@wg0.service')
+    if state.get('openvpn'):
+        units['openvpn-server@vpn-router'] = unit_state('openvpn-server@vpn-router.service')
+
+    status = {
+        'status': 'ok' if all(value == 'active' for value in units.values()) else 'degraded',
+        'version': package_version(),
+        'manager_version': manager_version,
+        'time': time.strftime('%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S%z'),
+        'units': units,
+        'docker': docker_status(),
+    }
+    names = state.get('site_to_site')
+    if isinstance(names, list) and names:
+        counts = established_each(names).values()
+        status['site_to_site'] = {'connections': len(names),
+                                  'established': None if None in counts else sum(1 for count in counts if count)}
+    if state.get('p2s'):
+        status['p2s'] = {'clients': established('road-warrior')}
+    if state.get('wireguard'):
+        status['wireguard'] = {'peers': wireguard_peers()}
+    if state.get('openvpn'):
+        status['openvpn'] = {'clients': openvpn_clients()}
+    return status
+
+
+def shown(status, content, client):
+    """The status document as web.status_content shows it to the client at its address.
+
+    Every content has status, time and client_ip, the client's address, and content, which one it is: basic nothing
+    more; standard adds version, manager_version and services, the number of active units and of units in every
+    other state; full adds the whole status document of collect. Content that is not one of
+    vpnrouter.STATUS_CONTENTS, or not set, is basic.
+    """
+    if content not in vpnrouter.STATUS_CONTENTS:
+        content = 'basic'
+    if content == 'full':
+        return {**status, 'content': content, 'client_ip': client}
+    document = {'status': status['status'], 'content': content, 'time': status['time'], 'client_ip': client}
+    if content == 'standard':
+        active = sum(1 for value in status['units'].values() if value == 'active')
+        document.update(version=status['version'], manager_version=status['manager_version'],
+                        services={'active': active, 'failed': len(status['units']) - active})
+    return document
+
+
+def lines_of(*args):
+    """The output lines of a command, or None when it fails."""
+    result = run(*args)
+    return result.stdout.splitlines() if result and result.returncode == 0 else None
+
+
+def routes():
+    """The IPv4 routes as ip -j prints them, or None when ip fails."""
+    result = run('ip', '-j', '-4', 'route', 'show')
+    if result is None or result.returncode != 0:
+        return None
+    try:
+        return json.loads(result.stdout)
+    except ValueError:
+        return None
+
+
+def wireguard_details():
+    """The interface and the peers of wg0, with endpoints and allowed IPs; no private or preshared key."""
+    result = run('wg', 'show', 'wg0', 'dump')
+    if result is None or result.returncode != 0:
+        return None
+    rows = [line.split('\t') for line in result.stdout.splitlines()]
+    now = int(time.time())
+    return {
+        'public_key': rows[0][1] if rows and len(rows[0]) > 2 else None,
+        'listen_port': int(rows[0][2]) if rows and len(rows[0]) > 2 else None,
+        'peers': [{
+            'public_key': row[0],
+            'endpoint': None if row[2] == '(none)' else row[2],
+            'allowed_ips': row[3].split(','),
+            'handshake_seconds_ago': now - int(row[4]) if int(row[4]) else None,
+            'received_bytes': int(row[5]),
+            'sent_bytes': int(row[6]),
+        } for row in rows[1:] if len(row) >= 7],
+    }
+
+
+def postgresql_query(cluster, sql):
+    """The JSON value an SQL statement answers on a cluster (version/name), run by psql as postgres, or None when it fails."""
+    result = run('runuser', '-u', 'postgres', '--', 'psql', '--cluster', cluster, '-X', '-q', '-t', '-A',
+                 '-v', 'ON_ERROR_STOP=1', '-d', 'postgres', '-c', sql)
+    if result is None or result.returncode != 0:
+        return None
+    try:
+        return json.loads(result.stdout)
+    except ValueError:
+        return None
+
+
+def postgresql_clusters_of():
+    """The PostgreSQL clusters of pg_lsclusters, each with version, name, port, status and data_directory, or None when it fails."""
+    lines = lines_of('pg_lsclusters', '--no-header')
+    if lines is None:
+        return None
+    clusters = []
+    for line in lines:
+        fields = line.split()
+        if len(fields) >= 6:
+            clusters.append({'version': fields[0], 'name': fields[1], 'port': int(fields[2]) if fields[2].isdigit() else None,
+                             'status': fields[3], 'data_directory': fields[5]})
+    return clusters
+
+
+def postgresql_configuration():
+    """The PostgreSQL clusters on the router with the settings of POSTGRESQL_SETTINGS of each one that is online (None
+    for one that is not), or None when pg_lsclusters fails."""
+    clusters = postgresql_clusters_of()
+    if clusters is None:
+        return None
+    names = ', '.join(f"'{name}'" for name in POSTGRESQL_SETTINGS)
+    for cluster in clusters:
+        cluster['settings'] = postgresql_query(
+            f"{cluster['version']}/{cluster['name']}",
+            f'SELECT json_object_agg(name, current_setting(name) ORDER BY name) FROM pg_settings WHERE name IN ({names})',
+        ) if cluster['status'].startswith('online') else None
+    return {'clusters': clusters}
+
+
+def postgresql_databases():
+    """What /postgresql shows: the PostgreSQL clusters on the router, each with its databases (name, owner, encoding and
+    size in bytes) and their total size, None for a cluster that is not online; clusters is None when pg_lsclusters fails."""
+    clusters = postgresql_clusters_of()
+    if clusters is None:
+        return {'clusters': None}
+    for cluster in clusters:
+        databases = postgresql_query(
+            f"{cluster['version']}/{cluster['name']}",
+            "SELECT coalesce(json_agg(json_build_object('name', datname, 'owner', pg_get_userbyid(datdba), "
+            "'encoding', pg_encoding_to_char(encoding), 'size', pg_database_size(oid)) ORDER BY datname), '[]') "
+            'FROM pg_database',
+        ) if cluster['status'].startswith('online') else None
+        cluster['databases'] = databases
+        cluster['size'] = sum(database['size'] for database in databases) if isinstance(databases, list) else None
+    return {'clusters': clusters}
+
+
+def details(state):
+    """What /config shows: the configuration without its secrets, and what the router resolved and runs; caddy is the
+    installed Caddy, {version, source, service}, service the state of caddy.service, null when it is not installed."""
+    configuration = state.get('configuration', {})
+    caddy = package_version('caddy')
+    return {
+        'configuration': configuration,
+        'network': dict(state.get('network', {}), routes=routes()),
+        'ipsec': {
+            'connections': swanctl('--list-conns'),
+            'sas': swanctl('--list-sas'),
+        },
+        'wireguard': wireguard_details(),
+        'docker': {
+            'exposed_ports': configuration.get('docker', {}).get('exposed_ports', []),
+            'rules': lines_of('iptables', '-S', 'VPN-ROUTER-DOCKER'),
+        },
+        'postgresql': postgresql_configuration(),
+        # Caddy is upstream's once its repository is configured (vpn-router-caddy).
+        'caddy': {'version': caddy, 'source': 'upstream' if vpnrouter.CADDY_APT_SOURCE.is_file() else 'ubuntu',
+                  'service': unit_state('caddy.service')} if caddy else None,
+    }
+
+
+def text_of(status):
+    """The status document of shown for people, as plain text: a header, a blank line, then name: value lines."""
+    lines = ['VPN Router', f'Status: {status["status"]}']
+    if 'version' in status:
+        lines.append(f'Version: {status["version"] or "unknown"}')
+    lines += ['', f'Client IP: {status["client_ip"]}']
+    if 'manager_version' in status:
+        lines.append(f'Router Manager: {status["manager_version"] or "not installed"}')
+    if 'services' in status:
+        lines.append(f'Services: {status["services"]["active"]} active, {status["services"]["failed"]} failed')
+    lines += [f'{name}: {value}' for name, value in status.get('units', {}).items()]
+    if 'docker' in status:
+        docker = status['docker']
+        lines.append('Docker: not installed' if not docker['installed']
+                     else f'Docker: installed, service {docker["service"]}, rules {docker["rules"]}')
+    if 'site_to_site' in status:
+        established, connections = status['site_to_site']['established'], status['site_to_site']['connections']
+        lines.append(f'Site to site: {"unknown" if established is None else established} of {connections} established')
+    if 'p2s' in status:
+        clients = status['p2s']['clients']
+        lines.append(f'IKEv2: {"unknown" if clients is None else f"{clients} connected"}')
+    if 'openvpn' in status:
+        clients = status['openvpn']['clients']
+        lines.append(f'OpenVPN: {"unknown" if clients is None else f"{clients} connected"}')
+    if 'wireguard' in status:
+        peers = status['wireguard']['peers']
+        if peers is None:
+            lines.append('WireGuard: down')
+        else:
+            lines.append(f'WireGuard: {len(peers)} peers')
+            for number, peer in enumerate(peers, 1):
+                age = peer['handshake_seconds_ago']
+                lines.append(f'  peer {number}: {"no handshake yet" if age is None else f"handshake {age} s ago"}, '
+                             f'received {peer["received_bytes"]} B, sent {peer["sent_bytes"]} B')
+    return '\n'.join(lines) + '\n'
+
+
+def html_of(status):
+    """The status document of shown for a browser, as a page styled with Tailwind CSS."""
+    colour = 'bg-emerald-600 dark:bg-emerald-700' if status['status'] == 'ok' else 'bg-amber-600 dark:bg-amber-700'
+    version = f', version {status["version"] or "unknown"}' if 'version' in status else ''
+    # Each "name: value" line after the header of the text is a row; indented lines, such as WireGuard peers, are indented here too.
+    rows = []
+    for line in text_of(status).split('\n\n', 1)[1].splitlines():
+        if not line:
+            continue
+        name, _, value = line.partition(': ')
+        indent = ' pl-8' if line.startswith(' ') else ''
+        rows.append(f'<tr class="border-t border-slate-200 first:border-t-0 dark:border-slate-700">'
+                    f'<th class="py-2 pr-4{indent} text-left font-medium text-slate-600 dark:text-slate-300">{escape(name.strip())}</th>'
+                    f'<td class="py-2">{escape(value)}</td></tr>')
+    body = ''.join(rows)
+    return f"""<!doctype html>
+<html lang="en">
+  <head>
+    <meta charset="utf-8">
+    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
+    <meta name="color-scheme" content="light dark">
+    <meta http-equiv="refresh" content="{REFRESH_SECONDS}">
+    <title>VPN Router</title>
+    <script src="{TAILWIND}"></script>
+  </head>
+  <body class="min-h-screen bg-slate-100 text-slate-900 dark:bg-slate-900 dark:text-slate-100">
+    <div class="mx-auto max-w-2xl px-4 py-10">
+      <div class="overflow-hidden rounded-2xl border border-slate-200 bg-white shadow-lg dark:border-slate-700 dark:bg-slate-800">
+        <div class="{colour} px-6 py-4 text-white">
+          <h1 class="text-xl font-semibold">VPN Router</h1>
+          <p class="mt-1 text-sm">Status: {escape(status['status'] + version)}</p>
+        </div>
+        <div class="px-6 py-4">
+          <table class="w-full text-sm"><tbody>{body}</tbody></table>
+        </div>
+        <p class="px-6 pb-6 text-xs text-slate-500 dark:text-slate-400">{escape(status['time'])} - <a class="underline" href="/status">JSON</a></p>
+      </div>
+    </div>
+  </body>
+</html>
+"""
+
+
+def cached():
+    """The status of collect, collected again when it is older than CACHE_SECONDS."""
+    with _lock:
+        if _cache['data'] is None or time.monotonic() - _cache['at'] > CACHE_SECONDS:
+            _cache['data'] = collect(current())
+            _cache['at'] = time.monotonic()
+        return _cache['data']
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 #!/bin/sh
 # Wait until libpq is in the dynamic linker cache, where psycopg looks it up.
-# ExecStartPre= of vpn-router-web.service; TimeoutStartSec= of the unit bounds the wait.
+# ExecStartPre= of vpn-router-setup.service, vpn-router-web.service and vpn-router-metrics.service;
+# TimeoutStartSec= of the unit bounds the wait.

 reported=
 until ldconfig -p | grep -q '^[[:space:]]*libpq\.so\.5 '; do
@@ -38,7 +38,8 @@
  },
  "p2s": {
    "enabled": false,
-    "address_pool": "172.16.0.0/24"
+    "address_pool": "172.16.0.0/24",
+    "dns_listen": "internal"
  },
  "wireguard": {
    "enabled": false,
@@ -88,7 +89,6 @@
  },
  "dns": {
    "enabled": false,
-    "zone": "",
    "nameserver": "",
    "addresses": [],
    "listen": "external",
@@ -1,48 +1,106 @@
-- The zone the router's name server (PowerDNS, gpgsql backend) answers for (vpnrouter_dns), in the vpn-router-dns
-- database, whose domains and records tables are PowerDNS's own schema.
+-- The domains the router's name server (PowerDNS, gpgsql backend) is the primary of (vpnrouter_dns), in the
+-- vpn-router-dns database, whose domains, records and domainmetadata tables are PowerDNS's own schema.
 -- The whole file runs as one transaction, serialized by an advisory lock, so that two processes can load it at once.

 SELECT pg_advisory_xact_lock(hashtext('vpn-router dns schema'));

-- A record an administrator added to the zone, besides those of the zone itself and of the sites.
-CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS dns_manual_records (
+DROP TABLE IF EXISTS dns_manual_records;
+
+-- A domain the router serves as its primary name server; sites says whether the host names of the enabled sites in
+-- it get records, ttl is the TTL of its records, null for dns.ttl.
+CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS dns_domains (
+    name text PRIMARY KEY,
+    sites boolean NOT NULL,
+    ttl integer
+);
+
+-- A secondary name server of a domain: its NS name and the address it transfers the domain from.
+CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS dns_secondaries (
+    domain text NOT NULL REFERENCES dns_domains (name) ON DELETE CASCADE,
+    nameserver text NOT NULL,
+    address inet NOT NULL,
+    PRIMARY KEY (domain, nameserver)
+);
+
+-- A record an administrator added to a domain, besides those of the domain itself and of the sites.
+CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS dns_records (
+    domain text NOT NULL REFERENCES dns_domains (name) ON DELETE CASCADE,
    name text NOT NULL,
    type text NOT NULL,
    content text NOT NULL,
    ttl integer NOT NULL,
-    PRIMARY KEY (name, type, content)
+    PRIMARY KEY (domain, name, type, content)
 );

-- The digest of the records last written to the zone and the serial of its SOA.
+-- The digest of the records last written to a zone and the serial of its SOA.
 CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS dns_state (
    zone text PRIMARY KEY,
    digest text NOT NULL,
    serial bigint NOT NULL
 );

-CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION dns_manual_list()
-RETURNS TABLE (name text, type text, content text, ttl integer)
+CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION dns_domains_list()
+RETURNS TABLE (name text, sites boolean, ttl integer)
 LANGUAGE sql STABLE AS $$
-    SELECT name, type, content, ttl FROM dns_manual_records ORDER BY name, type, content;
+    SELECT name, sites, ttl FROM dns_domains ORDER BY name;
 $$;

-- Add the record, or set its TTL.
-CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE dns_manual_put(p_name text, p_type text, p_content text, p_ttl integer)
+-- Add the domain, or set its sites and TTL.
+CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE dns_domain_put(p_name text, p_sites boolean, p_ttl integer)
 LANGUAGE sql AS $$
-    INSERT INTO dns_manual_records VALUES (p_name, p_type, p_content, p_ttl)
-    ON CONFLICT (name, type, content) DO UPDATE SET ttl = p_ttl;
+    INSERT INTO dns_domains VALUES (p_name, p_sites, p_ttl)
+    ON CONFLICT (name) DO UPDATE SET sites = p_sites, ttl = p_ttl;
 $$;

-- Remove the records of the name and type, all of them without content.
-CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE dns_manual_remove(p_name text, p_type text, p_content text)
+-- Remove the domain with its secondaries and records.
+CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE dns_domain_remove(p_name text)
 LANGUAGE sql AS $$
-    DELETE FROM dns_manual_records WHERE name = p_name AND type = p_type AND (p_content IS NULL OR content = p_content);
+    DELETE FROM dns_domains WHERE name = p_name;
 $$;

-- Make the zone the only one served and give it the records, its SOA first, whose content has {serial} for the serial.
-- The serial grows, to at least the current Unix time, only when the records differ from those last written.
+CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION dns_secondaries_list()
+RETURNS TABLE (domain text, nameserver text, address text)
+LANGUAGE sql STABLE AS $$
+    SELECT domain, nameserver, host(address) FROM dns_secondaries ORDER BY domain, nameserver;
+$$;
+
+-- Add the secondary of the domain, or set its address.
+CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE dns_secondary_put(p_domain text, p_nameserver text, p_address inet)
+LANGUAGE sql AS $$
+    INSERT INTO dns_secondaries VALUES (p_domain, p_nameserver, p_address)
+    ON CONFLICT (domain, nameserver) DO UPDATE SET address = p_address;
+$$;
+
+CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE dns_secondary_remove(p_domain text, p_nameserver text)
+LANGUAGE sql AS $$
+    DELETE FROM dns_secondaries WHERE domain = p_domain AND nameserver = p_nameserver;
+$$;
+
+CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION dns_records_list()
+RETURNS TABLE (domain text, name text, type text, content text, ttl integer)
+LANGUAGE sql STABLE AS $$
+    SELECT domain, name, type, content, ttl FROM dns_records ORDER BY domain, name, type, content;
+$$;
+
+-- Add the record to the domain, or set its TTL.
+CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE dns_record_put(p_domain text, p_name text, p_type text, p_content text, p_ttl integer)
+LANGUAGE sql AS $$
+    INSERT INTO dns_records VALUES (p_domain, p_name, p_type, p_content, p_ttl)
+    ON CONFLICT (domain, name, type, content) DO UPDATE SET ttl = p_ttl;
+$$;
+
+-- Remove the records of the name and type in the domain, all of them without content.
+CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE dns_record_remove(p_domain text, p_name text, p_type text, p_content text)
+LANGUAGE sql AS $$
+    DELETE FROM dns_records
+    WHERE domain = p_domain AND name = p_name AND type = p_type AND (p_content IS NULL OR content = p_content);
+$$;
+
+-- Serve the zone as its primary and give it the records, its SOA first, whose content has {serial} for the serial,
+-- and the addresses of its secondaries, which are notified of its changes and may transfer it. The serial grows, to
+-- at least the current Unix time, only when the records differ from those last written.
 CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE dns_apply(p_zone text, p_soa text, p_ttl integer, p_names text[], p_types text[],
-                                      p_contents text[], p_ttls integer[])
+                                      p_contents text[], p_ttls integer[], p_secondaries text[])
 LANGUAGE plpgsql AS $$
 DECLARE
    v_domain integer;
@@ -50,12 +108,17 @@ DECLARE
    v_digest text := md5(concat_ws('|', p_soa, p_ttl, array_to_string(p_names, ','), array_to_string(p_types, ','),
                                   array_to_string(p_contents, ','), array_to_string(p_ttls, ',')));
 BEGIN
-    DELETE FROM domains WHERE name <> p_zone;
-    DELETE FROM dns_state WHERE zone <> p_zone;
    SELECT id INTO v_domain FROM domains WHERE name = p_zone;
    IF v_domain IS NULL THEN
-        INSERT INTO domains (name, type) VALUES (p_zone, 'NATIVE') RETURNING id INTO v_domain;
-    ELSIF EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM dns_state WHERE zone = p_zone AND digest = v_digest) THEN
+        INSERT INTO domains (name, type) VALUES (p_zone, 'MASTER') RETURNING id INTO v_domain;
+    ELSE
+        UPDATE domains SET type = 'MASTER' WHERE id = v_domain AND type <> 'MASTER';
+    END IF;
+    DELETE FROM domainmetadata WHERE domain_id = v_domain AND kind IN ('ALSO-NOTIFY', 'ALLOW-AXFR-FROM');
+    INSERT INTO domainmetadata (domain_id, kind, content)
+    SELECT v_domain, kind, address FROM unnest(p_secondaries) AS address,
+                                        unnest(ARRAY['ALSO-NOTIFY', 'ALLOW-AXFR-FROM']) AS kind;
+    IF EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM dns_state WHERE zone = p_zone AND digest = v_digest) THEN
        RETURN;
    END IF;
    SELECT greatest(coalesce(max(serial) + 1, 1), extract(epoch FROM now())::bigint) INTO v_serial
@@ -71,11 +134,11 @@ BEGIN
 END;
 $$;

-- Serve no zone.
-CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE dns_clear()
+-- Serve only the zones of the list, none for an empty one.
+CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE dns_retain(p_zones text[])
 LANGUAGE sql AS $$
-    DELETE FROM domains;
-    DELETE FROM dns_state;
+    DELETE FROM domains WHERE name <> ALL (p_zones);
+    DELETE FROM dns_state WHERE zone <> ALL (p_zones);
 $$;

 -- The records of the zone as they are served.
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+# Written by vpn-router-setup from /etc/vpn-router/vpn-router.json; edits are overwritten.
+# The resolver of the remote access clients, on the addresses of p2s.dns_listen, forwarding to systemd-resolved's stub.
+{% for address in p2s_resolver_addrs -%}
+listen-address={{ address }}
+{% endfor -%}
+bind-interfaces
+no-resolv
+server=127.0.0.53
+domain-needed
+no-hosts
+cache-size=1000
@@ -1,4 +0,0 @@
-[Resolve]
-{% for address in local_addr_list -%}
-DNSStubListenerExtra={{ address }}
-{% endfor -%}
@@ -39,5 +39,9 @@ pools {
  rw-pool {
    addrs = {{ p2s_address_pool }}
    dns   = {{ p2s_dns }}
+{%- if p2s_dns_domains %}
+    # INTERNAL_DNS_DOMAIN (RFC 8598): the domains the clients resolve with the DNS servers above.
+    25    = {{ p2s_dns_domains | join(', ') }}
+{%- endif %}
  }
 }
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ variable "vm_size" {
 }

 variable "local_fqdn" {
-  description = "FQDN of the router, used as the road-warrior/IKE identity and, when dns_zone_id is set, as the name of the A record created for it."
+  description = "FQDN of the router, used as the IKE identity and, when dns_zone_id is set, as the name of the A record created for it."
  type        = string
 }

@@ -89,13 +89,13 @@ variable "psk" {
 }

 variable "p2s_enabled" {
-  description = "Enable road-warrior (P2S) access."
+  description = "Enable IKEv2 access."
  type        = bool
  default     = false
 }

 variable "p2s_address_pool" {
-  description = "CIDR block assigned to road-warrior clients."
+  description = "CIDR block assigned to IKEv2 clients."
  type        = string
  default     = ""
 }
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ variable "machine_type" {
 }

 variable "local_fqdn" {
-  description = "FQDN of the router, used as the road-warrior/IKE identity and, when dns_managed_zone is set, as the name of the A record created for it."
+  description = "FQDN of the router, used as the IKE identity and, when dns_managed_zone is set, as the name of the A record created for it."
  type        = string
 }

@@ -86,13 +86,13 @@ variable "psk" {
 }

 variable "p2s_enabled" {
-  description = "Enable road-warrior (P2S) access."
+  description = "Enable IKEv2 access."
  type        = bool
  default     = false
 }

 variable "p2s_address_pool" {
-  description = "CIDR block assigned to road-warrior clients."
+  description = "CIDR block assigned to IKEv2 clients."
  type        = string
  default     = ""
 }
Author	SHA1	Message	Date
slawek	46d3550eab	update: the router web service is split into the package vpnrouter_web, with one module per family of paths. Release / release (push) Successful in 14s Details	2026-10-29 18:52:51 +01:00
slawek	3b14b7723e	feature: vre opens files from the Router Manager's shell in the editor of its Shell page. Release / release (push) Successful in 17s Details	2026-10-29 18:10:58 +01:00
slawek	5303779559	feature: the web service shows and changes the settings of the metrics service at /metrics/settings, and OpenVPN starts on a new router, as setup installs CRLs that revoke nothing. Release / release (push) Failing after 14m34s Details	2026-10-28 22:31:27 +01:00
slawek	2dc4db440f	fix: OpenVPN starts on a new router, as setup installs CRLs that revoke nothing. Release / release (push) Failing after 15m31s Details	2026-10-28 22:00:37 +01:00
slawek	45cea95728	fix: vpn-router-setup runs on a new installation once libpq can be found. Release / release (push) Failing after 14m15s Details	2026-10-28 21:41:52 +01:00
slawek	dd2dfaaf2b	fix: the router's IPsec remote access is called IKEv2 instead of road-warrior. Release / release (push) Successful in 53s Details	2026-10-27 08:46:36 +01:00
slawek	1697e1aa38	fix: the name server is the primary of any number of domains, each with secondary name servers and a switch for the records of the sites. Release / release (push) Successful in 13s Details	2026-10-26 21:26:47 +01:00
slawek	57e8bbcffe	feature: road-warrior clients resolve the domains of the new setting p2s.dns_domains with the router's resolver. Release / release (push) Successful in 14s Details	2026-10-26 20:58:33 +01:00
slawek	9ca8fce14e	fix: a VPN user downloads the own OpenVPN client profile through /account, with the current password and code. Release / release (push) Successful in 22s Details	2026-10-26 20:43:33 +01:00
slawek	74c24d7bc6	feature: the web service gives Apple VPN profiles that set up IKEv2 road-warrior access on macOS, iOS and iPadOS. Release / release (push) Successful in 14s Details	2026-10-26 20:37:58 +01:00
slawek	770332728e	fix: WireGuard clients may use the router's DNS resolver, which runs while WireGuard does, and /remote-access names its addresses for their configuration. Release / release (push) Successful in 14s Details	2026-10-26 18:33:03 +01:00
slawek	e14bbe2ba1	fix: dnsmasq answers the remote access clients' DNS queries, so they no longer get the router's own host name with all its addresses from systemd-resolved. Release / release (push) Successful in 13s Details	2026-10-26 16:53:42 +01:00
slawek	dabe4e8365	fix: the remote access clients' resolver answers on the internal address by default, chosen by p2s.dns_listen, so the name server can take port 53 of the external addresses. Release / release (push) Successful in 36s Details	2026-10-26 16:11:08 +01:00