fix: an answer whose client went away ends quietly, and a shell whose client left before it opened is stopped.

debian-package/debian/changelog

@@ -1,3 +1,892 @@
+vpn-router (0.37.3-1) unstable; urgency=medium
+
+  fix: an answer whose client went away ends quietly, and a shell whose client left before it opened is stopped.
+
+  * The web service, the metrics service and the bootstrap server stop
+    writing an answer when its client closes the connection, and a site
+    file whose download is left no longer gets a second answer.
+  * A shell whose client closed the connection before it opened is
+    stopped and its end is logged, instead of running on.
+
+ -- Slawomir Koszewski <slawek@koszewscy.waw.pl>  Fri, 30 Oct 2026 02:03:26 +0100
+
+vpn-router (0.37.2-1) unstable; urgency=medium
+
+  fix: the web service, the metrics service and the bootstrap server log a failure in one line instead of a traceback, and nothing when a client goes away.
+
+  * A request whose client closed the connection is no longer logged.
+  * Any other failure of a request, a thread or the service is logged in
+    one line with the exception's type and message.
+
+ -- Slawomir Koszewski <slawek@koszewscy.waw.pl>  Fri, 30 Oct 2026 01:59:19 +0100
+
+vpn-router (0.37.1-1) unstable; urgency=medium
+
+  fix: /config answers the OpenID Provider's state and issuer.
+
+  * /config has oidc: enabled, and issuer, the issuer URL, null while the
+    provider is disabled.
+
+ -- Slawomir Koszewski <slawek@koszewscy.waw.pl>  Fri, 30 Oct 2026 01:53:55 +0100
+
+vpn-router (0.37.0-1) unstable; urgency=medium
+
+  feature: the OpenID Provider has the client credentials and device authorization grants, public clients, and service accounts as resources with roles and scopes in JWT access tokens.
+
+  * A client may have the grants client_credentials, by which a
+    confidential client gets an access token as its own service account,
+    and the device code (RFC 8628): POST /oidc/device_authorization gives
+    a device code and a user code, the user enters the code on
+    /oidc/device, signs in and allows or denies the device, and the device
+    polls /oidc/token. A public client has no secret.
+  * An http loopback redirect URI matches with any port.
+  * Every service account is a resource: it defines scopes, which clients
+    ask for as <resource>:<scope> when their client scopes allow them, and
+    roles, assigned to groups, users and service accounts. A token request
+    names its resource with resource (RFC 8707) or by its scopes.
+  * Access tokens are RS256 JWTs of RFC 9068 for the resource, or the
+    client, with client_id, scope, roles and the claims of the scopes; ID
+    tokens and /oidc/userinfo carry the user's roles of the client.
+  * vpn-router-user takes --grant, --public-client, --client-scope and
+    --resource-scope; the new vpn-router-role manages the roles; and
+    /service-accounts takes and answers grants, public_client,
+    client_scopes, resource_scopes and roles.
+  * Changing the password of a service account, disabling, unlocking or
+    removing it through /service-accounts revokes its tokens.
+  * POST /oidc/device and /oidc/device_authorization are rate limited as
+    /oidc/login is.
+
+ -- Slawomir Koszewski <slawek@koszewscy.waw.pl>  Fri, 30 Oct 2026 00:57:11 +0100
+
+vpn-router (0.36.0-1) unstable; urgency=medium
+
+  feature: a shell opens with one of the user's passkeys in place of the password and the TOTP code.
+
+  * POST /shell/passkey begins a proof for one of the signed-in user's own
+    passkeys, with user verification; POST /shell takes the browser's
+    answer as {"passkey": {"id", "credential"}} in place of the password
+    and the code, and gives the ticket of the shell.
+  * A passkey that is not accepted is refused with 403. The shell still
+    needs the user's TOTP enrolment, which its login session and sudo in
+    it need.
+
+ -- Slawomir Koszewski <slawek@koszewscy.waw.pl>  Thu, 29 Oct 2026 23:09:43 +0100
+
+vpn-router (0.35.2-2) unstable; urgency=medium
+
+  update: the package is published for Ubuntu 26.04 (resolute) as well as 24.04 (noble).
+
+  * publish.sh uploads the package to the distributions noble and resolute
+    of the repository, component main, skipping a distribution that has
+    the version already; DISTRIBUTIONS names others. A router on Ubuntu
+    26.04 installs vpn-router from the distribution resolute.
+
+ -- Slawomir Koszewski <slawek@koszewscy.waw.pl>  Thu, 29 Oct 2026 21:41:32 +0100
+
+vpn-router (0.35.2-1) unstable; urgency=medium
+
+  fix: the web service answers /, /status and /status/full again while IKEv2 runs.
+
+  * The status of IKEv2 clients is collected again; the requests that
+    collect the status were dropped with a NameError since 0.35.1.
+
+ -- Slawomir Koszewski <slawek@koszewscy.waw.pl>  Thu, 29 Oct 2026 19:03:16 +0100
+
+vpn-router (0.35.1-1) unstable; urgency=medium
+
+  update: the router web service is split into the package vpnrouter_web, with one module per family of paths.
+
+  * /usr/lib/vpn-router/web initializes and serves; the package
+    /usr/lib/vpn-router/vpnrouter_web/ answers the requests, with a module
+    for the status, the sign-in, the identities, the connections, backups,
+    the PKI, logs, web sites, DNS, metrics and the shell. The paths, the
+    answers and the log messages are the same.
+
+ -- Slawomir Koszewski <slawek@koszewscy.waw.pl>  Thu, 29 Oct 2026 18:20:50 +0100
+
+vpn-router (0.35.0-1) unstable; urgency=medium
+
+  feature: vre opens files from the Router Manager's shell in the editor of its Shell page.
+
+  * vpn-router-editor FILE..., or vre, in the shell of the Router Manager
+    opens the files in the editor of the Shell page and returns at once;
+    outside that shell it exits with status 2.
+  * GET, PUT and DELETE /shell/editor/<session>/<id> read, save and close
+    a file opened so, as the shell's console account; a save is refused
+    with 409 when the file changed since it was read.
+  * The editor takes regular files of UTF-8 text up to 1 MiB, at most 20
+    per shell, while the shell lives.
+
+ -- Slawomir Koszewski <slawek@koszewscy.waw.pl>  Thu, 29 Oct 2026 18:02:27 +0100
+
+vpn-router (0.34.0-1) unstable; urgency=medium
+
+  feature: the web service shows and changes the settings of the metrics service at /metrics/settings, and OpenVPN starts on a new router, as setup installs CRLs that revoke nothing.
+
+  * GET and PUT /metrics/settings show and change the metrics section;
+    otlp_password is never shown, an empty one keeps it, and an empty
+    otlp_username removes it.
+  * A CRL without revoked certificates is installed for strongSwan and
+    OpenVPN.
+
+ -- Slawomir Koszewski <slawek@koszewscy.waw.pl>  Wed, 28 Oct 2026 22:00:00 +0100
+
+vpn-router (0.33.3-1) unstable; urgency=medium
+
+  fix: vpn-router-setup runs on a new installation once libpq can be found.
+
+  * The vpn-router-setup unit waits, with wait-for-libpq, until libpq is in
+    the linker cache before it runs setup.
+  * The package starts vpn-router-setup without waiting for it.
+
+ -- Slawomir Koszewski <slawek@koszewscy.waw.pl>  Wed, 28 Oct 2026 21:00:00 +0100
+
+vpn-router (0.33.2-1) unstable; urgency=medium
+
+  fix: the router's IPsec remote access is called IKEv2 instead of road-warrior.
+
+  * The README, the package description, the installer's questions, the
+    status page, the messages of the web service and the examples say
+    IKEv2 access and IKEv2 clients; the strongSwan connection keeps its
+    name, road-warrior.
+
+ -- Slawomir Koszewski <slawek@koszewscy.waw.pl>  Tue, 27 Oct 2026 23:00:00 +0100
+
+vpn-router (0.33.1-1) unstable; urgency=medium
+
+  fix: the name server is the primary of any number of domains, each with secondary name servers and a switch for the records of the sites.
+
+  * The domains, their secondaries and manual records are kept in the
+    vpn-router-dns database and changed through /dns/domains; dns.zone is
+    removed.
+  * Each domain is served as a primary zone: the router and its
+    secondaries are its NS, and each secondary's address is notified of
+    changes and may transfer the zone.
+  * A domain with site records gives the host names of the enabled sites
+    in it A and AAAA records of dns.addresses; a domain inside another is
+    delegated from it.
+  * Manual records belong to a domain; those of the single zone are
+    dropped.
+
+ -- Slawomir Koszewski <slawek@koszewscy.waw.pl>  Tue, 27 Oct 2026 20:00:00 +0100
+
+vpn-router (0.33.0-1) unstable; urgency=medium
+
+  feature: road-warrior clients resolve the domains of the new setting p2s.dns_domains with the router's resolver.
+
+  * p2s.dns_domains lists up to 16 domains; setup pushes them to IKEv2
+    clients as INTERNAL_DNS_DOMAIN (RFC 8598, attribute 25) of the
+    road-warrior pool.
+  * The Apple VPN profile names them as match domains of the router's
+    resolver, which macOS and iOS use for those domains.
+
+ -- Slawomir Koszewski <slawek@koszewscy.waw.pl>  Tue, 27 Oct 2026 18:00:00 +0100
+
+vpn-router (0.32.1-1) unstable; urgency=medium
+
+  fix: a VPN user downloads the own OpenVPN client profile through /account, with the current password and code.
+
+  * POST /account/profile answers the user's OpenVPN client profile; it
+    needs the current password and, when enrolled, a code.
+
+ -- Slawomir Koszewski <slawek@koszewscy.waw.pl>  Tue, 27 Oct 2026 16:00:00 +0100
+
+vpn-router (0.32.0-1) unstable; urgency=medium
+
+  feature: the web service gives Apple VPN profiles that set up IKEv2 road-warrior access on macOS, iOS and iPadOS.
+
+  * POST /users/<name>/apple-profile and POST /account/apple-profile answer
+    an unsigned .mobileconfig with the P2S CA and the root CA, the user's
+    certificate and key as a PKCS#12 encrypted with the password of the
+    request, and an IKEv2 VPN to wan.local_fqdn with EAP-TLS and the
+    proposals of the road-warrior connection.
+  * A user's own profile needs the current password and, when enrolled, a
+    code.
+
+ -- Slawomir Koszewski <slawek@koszewscy.waw.pl>  Tue, 27 Oct 2026 14:00:00 +0100
+
+vpn-router (0.31.3-1) unstable; urgency=medium
+
+  fix: WireGuard clients may use the router's DNS resolver, which runs while WireGuard does, and /remote-access names its addresses for their configuration.
+
+  * The firewall opens port 53 of the remote access clients' resolver for
+    the WireGuard network, as it does for the IKEv2 and OpenVPN pools.
+  * The resolver runs while WireGuard is the only remote access enabled.
+  * GET /remote-access answers the resolver's addresses as
+    wireguard_server.dns.
+  * dns.listen may not share an interface with p2s.dns_listen while
+    WireGuard is enabled either.
+
+ -- Slawomir Koszewski <slawek@koszewscy.waw.pl>  Tue, 27 Oct 2026 12:00:00 +0100
+
+vpn-router (0.31.2-1) unstable; urgency=medium
+
+  fix: dnsmasq answers the remote access clients' DNS queries, so they no longer get the router's own host name with all its addresses from systemd-resolved.
+
+  * vpn-router-resolver.service runs dnsmasq on the addresses of
+    p2s.dns_listen, forwarding to systemd-resolved's stub on 127.0.0.53;
+    names without a dot are not forwarded. The package depends on
+    dnsmasq-base.
+  * systemd-resolved keeps its loopback stubs only; setup removes the
+    drop-in that made it listen for the clients.
+  * /logs shows the journal of vpn-router-resolver, vpn-router-webdav and
+    pdns.
+
+ -- Slawomir Koszewski <slawek@koszewscy.waw.pl>  Tue, 27 Oct 2026 11:00:00 +0100
+
+vpn-router (0.31.1-1) unstable; urgency=medium
+
+  fix: the remote access clients' resolver answers on the internal address by default, chosen by p2s.dns_listen, so the name server can take port 53 of the external addresses.
+
+  * The new setting p2s.dns_listen chooses the addresses of the resolver the
+    road-warrior and OpenVPN clients are given: internal, the default,
+    external or both. The firewall opens port 53 for the client pools on
+    those addresses only.
+  * dns.listen is refused only when it shares an interface with
+    p2s.dns_listen while IKEv2 or OpenVPN is enabled.
+
+ -- Slawomir Koszewski <slawek@koszewscy.waw.pl>  Mon, 26 Oct 2026 23:00:00 +0100
+
+vpn-router (0.31.0-1) unstable; urgency=medium
+
+  feature: Caddy serves static web sites from folders on the router, defined in their own database, with files uploaded through the web service or WebDAV, and an optional PowerDNS name server answers for a zone of the sites.
+
+  * The new database vpn-router-sites holds the web sites: host names,
+    port, interfaces, TLS (none, Let's Encrypt, an issuing CA or a
+    certificate and key), index file, single-page fallback and the group
+    whose members change the files. sites.enabled serves them from
+    /var/lib/vpn-router/sites/<name>; setup writes their blocks into the
+    Caddyfile and opens their ports, and Caddy also runs without HTTPS of
+    the router while a site is served.
+  * vpn-router-site lists, shows, adds, changes and removes the sites, and
+    bash completes it.
+  * /sites manages the sites and the settings of the sites section, and
+    under /sites/<name>/files/ lists, downloads, uploads, extracts zip
+    archives into, creates, renames and removes the files of a site, up to
+    sites.upload_max_mb; members of the site's editors group may use its
+    files.
+  * sites.webdav runs rclone's WebDAV server of the sites' folders behind
+    Caddy on sites.webdav_port, signing users in with the directory and
+    showing each the sites it may change.
+  * dns.enabled runs PowerDNS with its PostgreSQL backend in the new
+    database vpn-router-dns for dns.zone on the addresses of dns.listen:
+    SOA, NS, the A and AAAA records of dns.addresses for the zone, the
+    name server and the sites' host names in the zone, and manual records
+    added with /dns.
+  * rclone and PowerDNS are installed from the Ubuntu archive by
+    vpn-router-install@<feature>.service when their feature is on.
+  * Backups hold the sites' folders and the dumps of both databases; a
+    restore puts them back. Purge removes the databases, their roles and
+    password files, and the settings of PowerDNS.
+  * Renaming a group renames it in the sites; a group a site has cannot be
+    removed.
+
+ -- Slawomir Koszewski <slawek@koszewscy.waw.pl>  Mon, 26 Oct 2026 21:00:00 +0100
+
+vpn-router (0.30.0-1) unstable; urgency=medium
+
+  feature: the web service serves the last lines of the journal of the router's units and of the log files web.log_files lists, at /logs.
+
+  * GET /logs lists the units whose journal and the files whose lines it
+    serves; GET /logs/journal?unit=&lines= and /logs/file?path=&lines=
+    answer the last lines, 200 by default and at most 1000, a file read
+    from its last MiB. Units and files outside the lists are refused.
+  * The new setting web.log_files lists the absolute paths of the log
+    files, at most 32.
+
+ -- Slawomir Koszewski <slawek@koszewscy.waw.pl>  Mon, 26 Oct 2026 19:00:00 +0100
+
+vpn-router (0.29.0-1) unstable; urgency=medium
+
+  feature: vpn-config-edit set and remove take --restart, which applies the change with vpn-router-setup and waits for it.
+
+  * vpn-config-edit set --restart and remove --restart restart
+    vpn-router-setup after writing the configuration and wait until it has
+    applied the change; a failed run exits with status 1 and points to its
+    journal. Bash completes --restart.
+
+ -- Slawomir Koszewski <slawek@koszewscy.waw.pl>  Mon, 26 Oct 2026 17:00:00 +0100
+
+vpn-router (0.28.0-1) unstable; urgency=medium
+
+  feature: bash completes the vpn-* commands, their options and the names they take.
+
+  * Bash completes the commands, options and arguments of vpn-router-user,
+    vpn-router-group, vpn-router-token, vpn-config-edit, vpn-router-backup,
+    vpn-router-ca and vpn-router-caddy, from
+    /usr/share/bash-completion/completions; for root also the users,
+    groups, issuing CAs, templates, settings and site-to-site connections.
+  * The package recommends bash-completion.
+
+ -- Slawomir Koszewski <slawek@koszewscy.waw.pl>  Mon, 26 Oct 2026 16:00:00 +0100
+
+vpn-router (0.27.0-1) unstable; urgency=medium
+
+  feature: the web service is an OpenID Provider, which signs the directory's users in to other systems, the clients being service accounts with redirect URIs.
+
+  * oidc.enabled turns on the OpenID Provider at the issuer
+    https://<wan.local_fqdn>:<https.web_port>, with discovery, JWKS,
+    authorize, token, userinfo and RP-initiated logout under /oidc/,
+    answered only through Caddy. The authorization code flow with PKCE
+    S256 and refresh tokens are offered; ID tokens are RS256, signed with
+    /etc/vpn-router/oidc.key, which the web service makes on its first run.
+  * Users sign in on the provider's page with the password and the TOTP
+    code or with a passkey; the session lasts 8 hours. The scopes openid,
+    profile, email and groups give sub (the entry's entryUUID), the names,
+    the e-mail address and the user's groups.
+  * A service account with redirect URIs is a client: its name is the
+    client ID and its password the secret. Its redirect URIs,
+    post-logout redirect URIs and allowed groups are set with
+    vpn-router-user add/update --redirect-uri, --post-logout-redirect-uri
+    and --allowed-group, and in /service-accounts as redirect_uris,
+    post_logout_redirect_uris and allowed_groups; GET /service-accounts
+    also answers the issuer. vpn-router-user list shows them.
+  * Changing a user's password, disabling, unlocking or removing the user
+    also revokes the user's codes, tokens and sessions of the provider.
+  * Renaming a group renames it in the clients that allow it, and a group
+    a client allows cannot be removed.
+  * The package depends on python3-oauthlib and python3-jwt.
+
+ -- Slawomir Koszewski <slawek@koszewscy.waw.pl>  Mon, 26 Oct 2026 14:00:00 +0100
+
+vpn-router (0.26.2-1) unstable; urgency=medium
+
+  fix: a service account may be named by a GUID in lowercase, as the Router Manager proposes for a new one.
+
+  * vpn-router-user add --service and POST /service-accounts take a GUID
+    in lowercase as the name, besides a user name; users and groups keep
+    the rules of user names.
+
+ -- Slawomir Koszewski <slawek@koszewscy.waw.pl>  Mon, 26 Oct 2026 10:00:00 +0100
+
+vpn-router (0.26.1-1) unstable; urgency=medium
+
+  fix: the package installs vpnrouter_passkeys, without which the web service and vpn-router-user do not start.
+
+  * /usr/lib/vpn-router/vpnrouter_passkeys.py is part of the package.
+
+ -- Slawomir Koszewski <slawek@koszewscy.waw.pl>  Mon, 26 Oct 2026 08:45:00 +0100
+
+vpn-router (0.26.0-1) unstable; urgency=medium
+
+  feature: users sign in to the Router Manager with passkeys, and console login needs a TOTP token, so a user without one is refused the shell, SSH and sudo.
+
+  * Console login is switched on only for a user enrolled for TOTP. A user
+    whose console login is on without a token is refused POST /shell, the
+    shell's WebSocket, SSH and sudo; an open shell ends within a minute of
+    the token's removal or of console login being switched off, and
+    removing the token ends the sessions of the user's own POSIX account.
+  * POST /auth/passkey and /auth/passkey/complete sign a user in with a
+    passkey of wan.local_fqdn, giving the tokens of /auth; POST /auth also
+    answers the user's name.
+  * POST, PUT /account/passkeys and DELETE /account/passkeys/<id> add, with
+    the current password and code, and remove the user's passkeys, at most
+    10, kept in the new attribute vpnRouterPasskey; DELETE
+    /users/<name>/passkeys and vpn-router-user passkeys-remove remove all
+    passkeys of a user.
+  * Users have passkeys, [{"id", "label", "created"}], in /users and
+    /account; vpn-router-user list shows their number and a console login
+    refused for want of a TOTP token.
+  * The package depends on python3-fido2.
+
+ -- Slawomir Koszewski <slawek@koszewscy.waw.pl>  Tue, 03 Nov 2026 08:00:00 +0100
+
+vpn-router (0.25.4-1) unstable; urgency=medium
+
+  fix: a shell opens without the password and code again while the user's last use of a shell is within web.shell_auth_timeout minutes.
+
+  * New setting web.shell_auth_timeout, 15 minutes by default, 0 to 1440:
+    POST /shell without a password gives a ticket while the user's last
+    sign-in of POST /shell or keystroke in a shell is within it, and a
+    null ticket otherwise; 0 asks for the password and code every time.
+
+ -- Slawomir Koszewski <slawek@koszewscy.waw.pl>  Tue, 03 Nov 2026 06:00:00 +0100
+
+vpn-router (0.25.3-1) unstable; urgency=medium
+
+  fix: /config gives the state of caddy.service with the installed Caddy, for the Router Manager's Web page.
+
+  * caddy of /config is {"version", "source", "service"}.
+
+ -- Slawomir Koszewski <slawek@koszewscy.waw.pl>  Tue, 03 Nov 2026 05:00:00 +0100
+
+vpn-router (0.25.2-1) unstable; urgency=medium
+
+  fix: wireguard.address must be the router's own address in its network, not the network or broadcast address, from which the peers' addresses are told apart.
+
+  * A wireguard.address that is the network or the broadcast address of a
+    network larger than /31, such as 192.168.232.0/24, is refused with the
+    first address of the network as the example.
+
+ -- Slawomir Koszewski <slawek@koszewscy.waw.pl>  Tue, 03 Nov 2026 02:30:00 +0100
+
+vpn-router (0.25.1-1) unstable; urgency=medium
+
+  fix: /remote-access gives the router's WireGuard public key, endpoint and allowed IPs, which a peer's configuration needs.
+
+  * GET /remote-access answers wireguard_server: {"public_key",
+    "endpoint", "allowed_ips"}.
+
+ -- Slawomir Koszewski <slawek@koszewscy.waw.pl>  Tue, 03 Nov 2026 01:30:00 +0100
+
+vpn-router (0.25.0-1) unstable; urgency=medium
+
+  feature: a VPN user has WireGuard peers, each a device with its public key and IPs, kept in the directory and written into wg0.conf by setup.
+
+  * PUT /users/<name> takes wireguard_peers, [{"public_key", "ips"}],
+    which replaces the user's peers; keys are unique and IPs may not
+    overlap another peer's or cover the router's WireGuard address.
+  * GET /users answers each user's wireguard_peers and the WireGuard
+    endpoint's enabled and address.
+  * Setup writes a [Peer] section into wg0.conf for each peer of a user
+    who is not disabled, in a marked block, and keeps the peers added by
+    hand; changing a user's peers, disabling, enabling or removing a user
+    with peers applies at once.
+
+ -- Slawomir Koszewski <slawek@koszewscy.waw.pl>  Tue, 03 Nov 2026 00:00:00 +0100
+
+vpn-router (0.24.1-1) unstable; urgency=medium
+
+  fix: the status gives the number of connected OpenVPN clients at most 5 seconds old instead of up to a minute.
+
+  * The OpenVPN server writes its status file every 5 seconds, so a
+    refresh of the status shows clients that connected or left since.
+
+ -- Slawomir Koszewski <slawek@koszewscy.waw.pl>  Mon, 02 Nov 2026 23:30:00 +0100
+
+vpn-router (0.24.0-1) unstable; urgency=medium
+
+  feature: /remote-access of the web service shows and changes the settings of IKEv2 road-warrior, OpenVPN and WireGuard access and whether each runs, for the Router Manager's Remote access page.
+
+  * GET /remote-access answers the p2s, openvpn and wireguard sections,
+    which of them setup runs, and wan.local_fqdn; PUT
+    /remote-access/<system> changes one section and restarts setup.
+  * p2s.enabled and openvpn.enabled need their address_pool, and
+    wireguard.enabled its address.
+
+ -- Slawomir Koszewski <slawek@koszewscy.waw.pl>  Mon, 02 Nov 2026 23:00:00 +0100
+
+vpn-router (0.23.2-1) unstable; urgency=medium
+
+  fix: the shell of a user's own POSIX account opens on the first setup that sets up console login, and the journal records each refused shell with the reason.
+
+  * Setup restarts vpn-router-web when it adds ldap to the name service
+    switch, so the web service finds the POSIX accounts of the directory.
+  * The journal of vpn-router-web records each refused ticket and shell,
+    with the user, the address and the reason.
+
+ -- Slawomir Koszewski <slawek@koszewscy.waw.pl>  Mon, 02 Nov 2026 22:00:00 +0100
+
+vpn-router (0.23.1-1) unstable; urgency=medium
+
+  fix: the shell runs as the console account of each member of admins, a local account or the user's own POSIX account in the directory, which also signs in with SSH and sudo, instead of one web.shell_user.
+
+  * vpn-router-user console <name> --posix | --account LOCAL | --off, and
+    PUT /users/<name>/console with a token of vpn-router-token, switch a
+    member of admins' console login; leaving admins switches it off.
+  * The user's own POSIX account is served by nslcd from the directory,
+    with a uid from 20000, the group vpn-router-console, which may use
+    sudo, and a home created at the first login; its password is the
+    directory password, followed by the code once enrolled for TOTP.
+  * ssh.ldap_login (false) lets sshd accept that password.
+  * POST /shell and the shell need the user's console login; web.shell_user
+    is gone.
+  * Depends on nslcd, libnss-ldapd, libpam-ldapd and sudo.
+
+ -- Slawomir Koszewski <slawek@koszewscy.waw.pl>  Mon, 02 Nov 2026 21:00:00 +0100
+
+vpn-router (0.23.0-1) unstable; urgency=medium
+
+  feature: web.shell lets /shell of the web service open a login shell of web.shell_user over a WebSocket for the Router Manager's Shell page, after the user signs in again.
+
+  * web.shell (false), web.shell_user and web.shell_idle_minutes (15).
+  * POST /shell takes the password and the TOTP code and answers a
+    one-time ticket; GET /shell with it is a WebSocket carrying the
+    terminal, closed after web.shell_idle_minutes without a keystroke.
+  * The journal of vpn-router-web records each shell opened and ended.
+
+ -- Slawomir Koszewski <slawek@koszewscy.waw.pl>  Mon, 02 Nov 2026 20:00:00 +0100
+
+vpn-router (0.22.1-1) unstable; urgency=medium
+
+  fix: the status gives the number of site-to-site connections set up and established, not each connection by name.
+
+  * site_to_site of the status document is {"connections", "established"},
+    and the status page shows "Site to site: N of M established".
+
+ -- Slawomir Koszewski <slawek@koszewscy.waw.pl>  Mon, 02 Nov 2026 18:00:00 +0100
+
+vpn-router (0.22.0-1) unstable; urgency=medium
+
+  feature: pki.extended_key_usages adds custom extended key usages by their OIDs, which templates give by name, and a template's policies put certificate policy OIDs into its certificates.
+
+  * pki.extended_key_usages maps a name to the OID of a custom extended
+    key usage; a template's extended_key_usage takes the built-in and the
+    custom names.
+  * The template option policies lists certificate policy OIDs, written
+    into a Certificate Policies extension.
+  * GET /ca answers extended_key_usages, each usage with its OID and
+    whether it is built in.
+
+ -- Slawomir Koszewski <slawek@koszewscy.waw.pl>  Mon, 02 Nov 2026 14:00:00 +0100
+
+vpn-router (0.21.5-1) unstable; urgency=medium
+
+  fix: /status/full of the status web service gives an authenticated client the whole status, whatever web.status_content says.
+
+  * /status/full takes the token of /config and answers the status
+    document as web.status_content full shows it.
+
+ -- Slawomir Koszewski <slawek@koszewscy.waw.pl>  Mon, 02 Nov 2026 12:00:00 +0100
+
+vpn-router (0.21.4-1) unstable; urgency=medium
+
+  fix: vpn-router-setup, vpn-router-ca and /ca read a CA's key and CRL from the directory each as itself, instead of failing on a CA with a CRL.
+
+  * A CA's CRL was read as its key and its key as its CRL, so every
+    operation on a CA with a CRL failed with "Could not deserialize key
+    data".
+
+ -- Slawomir Koszewski <slawek@koszewscy.waw.pl>  Mon, 02 Nov 2026 10:00:00 +0100
+
+vpn-router (0.21.3-1) unstable; urgency=medium
+
+  fix: the PKI is kept in ou=pki of the router's directory instead of files under /etc/vpn-router/pki, and the router's site-to-site certificate names only the identities its connections present, and /ca/bundle gives the certificate bundle of a CA.
+
+  * The CAs with their certificates, keys, CSRs and CRLs, and every
+    certificate issued with its revocation, are entries of the
+    package's schema in ou=pki; a user's certificate is also the
+    userCertificate of the user's entry, and only root reads a key.
+  * slapcat puts the PKI into every backup with the users.
+  * A root CA supplied as /etc/vpn-router/pki/root/cert.pem and key.pem
+    before the first setup is imported into the directory, and the files
+    are removed; vpn-router-ca root import-cert is gone.
+  * Setup provisions the directory before the configuration; without it,
+    the PKI and its files are left as they are.
+  * The router's site-to-site certificate names wan.local_fqdn and the
+    public or internal address a connection with auth certificate uses
+    as its identity, not every address of the router, and is issued
+    again when those names change.
+  * GET /ca/bundle/<name> of the status web service answers the PEM
+    certificates a client trusts a CA with: the root alone, or an issuing
+    CA followed by the root.
+
+ -- Slawomir Koszewski <slawek@koszewscy.waw.pl>  Sun, 01 Nov 2026 10:00:00 +0100
+
+vpn-router (0.21.2-1) unstable; urgency=medium
+
+  fix: pki.root_key_warning silences the warning of vpn-router-ca status and /ca about the root key on the router.
+
+  * pki.root_key_warning, true by default, set to false silences the
+    warning that the root key is on the router.
+
+ -- Slawomir Koszewski <slawek@koszewscy.waw.pl>  Sat, 31 Oct 2026 10:00:00 +0100
+
+vpn-router (0.21.1-1) unstable; urgency=medium
+
+  fix: vpn-router-ca status and /ca warn about a CRL the router signs only once vpn-router-pki.timer has not renewed it in time.
+
+  * A CRL whose CA key is on the router is reported once past half of its
+    validity, when the timer should have signed it again; a root CRL
+    signed offline is still reported 30 days before it expires.
+
+ -- Slawomir Koszewski <slawek@koszewscy.waw.pl>  Fri, 30 Oct 2026 10:00:00 +0100
+
+vpn-router (0.21.0-1) unstable; urgency=medium
+
+  feature: the router has a two-level CA with an optional offline root, issuing CAs for P2S, site-to-site and general use, templates, published certificates and CRLs and an ACME server, site-to-site connections authenticate with certificates, and setup installs Caddy from Ubuntu or Caddy's repository.
+
+  * The root CA signs the issuing CAs p2s, which issues the router's VPN
+    server certificate and the users' certificates, s2s, which issues
+    the site-to-site certificates, and the general-purpose CAs of
+    pki.issuing_cas; road-warrior and OpenVPN accept certificates of p2s
+    only.
+  * The pki section of vpn-router.json sets the names, lifetimes and
+    key type of the CAs, the validity of the CRLs, where certificates
+    and CRLs are published, the general-purpose CAs and the certificate
+    templates; p2s.ca_name and the vpn-router/p2s_ca_name question are
+    replaced by pki.root_name and vpn-router/pki_root_name.
+  * Without the root key on the router, new issuing CAs wait with a CSR
+    for an offline signature; vpn-router-ca exports, removes and imports
+    the root key, imports the signed certificates and a root CRL, issues
+    certificates from a CSR or into a PFX file, lists and revokes them.
+  * Certificates name their issuer's certificate and CRL at the
+    endpoints of pki.publish: the status port over HTTP, or Caddy on port
+    80, on the HTTPS status port or on port 443; the CRLs are signed
+    again at every revocation and by vpn-router-pki.timer.
+  * A general-purpose CA with acme backs an ACME server of Caddy.
+  * The router renews its own certificates before they expire.
+  * A site-to-site connection with auth certificate authenticates with
+    the router's site-to-site certificate and trusts the s2s CA or the
+    connection's remote_ca.
+  * /ca of the status web service shows and changes the PKI; /pki/
+    serves the published certificates and CRLs; /config shows the
+    installed Caddy and its source; request bodies may be 64 KiB.
+  * vpn-router no longer depends on caddy: vpn-router-setup installs it
+    from https.caddy_source, the Ubuntu archive or Caddy's repository,
+    and vpn-router-caddy use-upstream switches an installed router to
+    Caddy's repository for good.
+  * The package depends on python3-cryptography instead of openssl, and
+    simple-ca is gone.
+
+ -- Slawomir Koszewski <slawek@koszewscy.waw.pl>  Thu, 29 Oct 2026 10:00:00 +0100
+
+vpn-router (0.20.0-1) unstable; urgency=medium
+
+  feature: the router makes scheduled backups to a local folder, copied to the cloud with rclone, or to a Proxmox Backup Server, and vpn-router-backup restores them.
+
+  * The backup section of vpn-router.json switches on backups and sets
+    the schedule (hourly, daily or weekly), the target (local or pbs),
+    the folder, the retention of local archives, whether the metrics
+    database is included, the rclone remote and mode, and the Proxmox
+    Backup Server repository, token secret, fingerprint, namespace and
+    key file.
+  * A backup holds /etc/vpn-router, /etc/wireguard, the ufw rules, the
+    Router Manager's settings, PSK files outside /etc/vpn-router, the
+    user directory as slapcat writes it and, optionally, the database as
+    pg_dump writes it, copied while the configuration and the users are
+    locked.
+  * Local backups are tar archives compressed with zstd. Archives the
+    retention settings no longer keep are deleted by the rules of Proxmox
+    Backup Server's prune, and rclone can sync or copy the archives to a
+    remote of /etc/vpn-router/rclone.conf.
+  * Backups to a Proxmox Backup Server are made with
+    proxmox-backup-client-static, which the package suggests; the server
+    keeps them.
+  * vpn-router-backup runs a backup, lists the backups and restores a
+    local archive or a snapshot; vpn-router-backup.timer runs it on the
+    schedule.
+  * /backup of the status web service shows and changes the backup
+    settings, shows the last run, the local archives and the next run,
+    and starts a backup.
+  * The package depends on zstd and suggests rclone and
+    proxmox-backup-client-static.
+
+ -- Slawomir Koszewski <slawek@koszewscy.waw.pl>  Wed, 28 Oct 2026 10:00:00 +0100
+
+vpn-router (0.19.1-3) unstable; urgency=medium
+
+  update: ADR-24 names Ubuntu's apt-daily timer, not a cron job, as what updates the package lists.
+
+  * ADR-24 says that Ubuntu's apt-daily timer updates the package lists
+    twice a day, and that apt-daily or unattended-upgrades may hold the
+    dpkg lock the upgrade waits for.
+
+ -- Slawomir Koszewski <slawek@koszewscy.waw.pl>  Tue, 27 Oct 2026 10:00:00 +0100
+
+vpn-router (0.19.1-2) unstable; urgency=medium
+
+  update: ADR-24 says that the Router Manager checks for updates on demand.
+
+  * ADR-24 describes Check update of the Router Manager, which updates
+    apt's package lists in the transient unit vpn-router-manager-check.
+
+ -- Slawomir Koszewski <slawek@koszewscy.waw.pl>  Tue, 27 Oct 2026 09:00:00 +0100
+
+vpn-router (0.19.1-1) unstable; urgency=medium
+
+  fix: /metrics/history gives the availability of each site-to-site connection as the percentage of time it was up in slots of the view.
+
+  * site_to_site_up of /metrics/history divides the view into slots of 5
+    minutes for an hour, 1 hour for a day, 1 day for a month and 1 month
+    for a year, and gives for each slot and connection the percentage of
+    the samples in which the connection was up.
+
+ -- Slawomir Koszewski <slawek@koszewscy.waw.pl>  Mon, 26 Oct 2026 21:00:00 +0100
+
+vpn-router (0.19.0-1) unstable; urgency=medium
+
+  feature: service accounts have a display name and a description, which the router sets for its internal ones.
+
+  * vpnRouterAccount of the package's schema also takes displayName and
+    description; vpn-router-setup updates the schema of an existing
+    directory.
+  * /service-accounts shows display_name and description, takes them when
+    adding a service account and changes them with PUT; "" removes one.
+    /users shows them as null.
+  * vpn-router-user add --service and update take --display-name and
+    --description.
+  * vpn-router-setup gives the metrics service's internal account the
+    display name Metrics and its description, and sets them again when
+    they differ.
+
+ -- Slawomir Koszewski <slawek@koszewscy.waw.pl>  Mon, 26 Oct 2026 20:00:00 +0100
+
+vpn-router (0.18.3-1) unstable; urgency=medium
+
+  fix: internal service accounts are the router's own, of which the metrics service's is the one at present, and the documentation says what a service account is.
+
+  * /service-accounts, /groups and the internal field of the answers
+    take every internal service account, the accounts the router creates
+    and manages for its own services, instead of only the metrics
+    service's; the 403 answers say that the router manages them.
+  * The README, the ADR and the users module describe a service account
+    as the account another system, such as an OpenTelemetry Collector
+    reading /metrics, signs in with, and the internal ones as managed by
+    the router.
+
+ -- Slawomir Koszewski <slawek@koszewscy.waw.pl>  Mon, 26 Oct 2026 19:00:00 +0100
+
+vpn-router (0.18.2-1) unstable; urgency=medium
+
+  fix: service accounts are managed at /service-accounts, not /users, and the internal one of the metrics service is only listed.
+
+  * /service-accounts, for members of admins and admin tokens, lists the
+    service accounts, adds one with a password and an optional e-mail
+    address, changes the e-mail address, sets the password, disables,
+    enables, unlocks and removes them.
+  * /users no longer lists service accounts or takes "service" on POST,
+    and answers 404 to a request naming one.
+  * /service-accounts answers 403 to every request but the list on the
+    account metrics.service_account names while metrics are enabled, and
+    /groups to putting it in or taking it out of a group;
+    vpn-router-setup and root's vpn-router-user still change it.
+
+ -- Slawomir Koszewski <slawek@koszewscy.waw.pl>  Mon, 26 Oct 2026 18:00:00 +0100
+
+vpn-router (0.18.1-1) unstable; urgency=medium
+
+  fix: vpn-router-setup owns only the creation of the metrics service's account, which is marked internal, and administrators add service accounts with vpn-router-user add --service and /users.
+
+  * POST /users takes "service": true and adds a service account, which
+    cannot sign in to /auth; vpn-router-user add takes --service.
+  * The users of /users and vpn-router-user have internal, true for the
+    account metrics.service_account names while metrics are enabled;
+    vpn-router-user list shows its kind as internal.
+  * PUT /users/<name>/password refuses the internal service account,
+    whose password vpn-router-setup keeps.
+
+ -- Slawomir Koszewski <slawek@koszewscy.waw.pl>  Mon, 26 Oct 2026 17:00:00 +0100
+
+vpn-router (0.18.0-2) unstable; urgency=medium
+
+  update: release.py tags a Debian revision other than 1 as x.y.z-n.
+
+  * release.py tags the newest entry x.y.z for the Debian revision 1 and
+    x.y.z-n for a later revision, so a packaging change gets a release
+    of its own.
+
+ -- Slawomir Koszewski <slawek@koszewscy.waw.pl>  Mon, 26 Oct 2026 14:00:00 +0100
+
+vpn-router (0.18.0-1) unstable; urgency=medium
+
+  feature: site_to_site holds any number of named site-to-site connections, which /site-to-site lists, adds, changes and removes.
+
+  * site_to_site maps a connection name to addrs, id, cidrs, local_cidrs,
+    local_id_mode, psk and psk_file; it replaces remote and
+    wan.local_id_mode, and a configuration with them is refused.
+  * The install answers fill the connection remote-site; the local subnets
+    fill both its local_cidrs and local.cidrs.
+  * Every ready connection is written to
+    /etc/swanctl/conf.d/site-to-site.conf as the swanctl connection and
+    child of its name with the secret ike-psk-<name>; remote-site.conf is
+    no longer written.
+  * Traffic from each connection's local_cidrs to its cidrs is not
+    masqueraded.
+  * /site-to-site, for members of admins and admin tokens, lists the
+    connections without their keys, adds, changes and removes them, and
+    restarts vpn-router-setup to apply the change.
+  * vpn-config-edit sets site_to_site.NAME.option, creating the
+    connection, and removes site_to_site.NAME; it and the web service
+    write vpn-router.json under one lock.
+  * The status shows site_to_site.connections, whether each connection is
+    established.
+  * The metrics service keeps, per site-to-site connection, whether it is
+    up, the bytes and packets per second received and sent, and the
+    seconds its IKE SA has been up, in metrics_site_to_site and its
+    summaries; /metrics/history has them in site_to_site of each point.
+  * /metrics serves vpn_router_site_to_site_up,
+    vpn_router_site_to_site_uptime_seconds,
+    vpn_router_site_to_site_io_bytes_per_second and
+    vpn_router_site_to_site_packets_per_second by connection, and the
+    OTLP push the vpn_router.site_to_site gauges; vpn_router_clients and
+    metrics_vpn no longer have the kind site_to_site.
+  * /config shows each connection in network.site_to_site, and no psk at
+    any level of the configuration.
+  * Removing the package terminates every site-to-site connection; purging
+    removes site-to-site.conf.
+
+ -- Slawomir Koszewski <slawek@koszewscy.waw.pl>  Sun, 25 Oct 2026 23:00:00 +0100
+
+vpn-router (0.17.0-1) unstable; urgency=medium
+
+  feature: /config shows the router's PostgreSQL clusters and their settings, and /postgresql their databases with their sizes.
+
+  * /config has a postgresql section: each cluster of pg_lsclusters with
+    its version, name, port, status and data directory, and the main
+    settings of each online cluster.
+  * /postgresql, protected like /config, lists the databases of each
+    online cluster with owner, encoding and size, and the total size.
+
+ -- Slawomir Koszewski <slawek@koszewscy.waw.pl>  Sun, 25 Oct 2026 21:00:00 +0200
+
+vpn-router (0.16.0-1) unstable; urgency=medium
+
+  feature: the router keeps its metrics in PostgreSQL, serves them for an OpenTelemetry Collector and pushes them over OTLP.
+
+  * vpn-router-metrics takes a sample every minute: CPU, memory, free
+    space of /, bytes per second on the external and the internal
+    interface, the load averages, and the VPN clients of each enabled
+    system.
+  * The samples are kept in metrics_system, metrics_network and
+    metrics_vpn, and summarized hourly, daily, monthly and yearly in
+    their _hourly, _daily, _monthly and _yearly tables; once a day the
+    rows older than metrics.keep_details, keep_hourly, keep_daily,
+    keep_monthly and keep_yearly are deleted.
+  * /metrics serves the last sample in the Prometheus format on the
+    interfaces metrics.listen names (internal by default) at
+    metrics.port, and over HTTPS by Caddy at metrics.https_port, with
+    HTTP Basic authentication of the service account
+    metrics.service_account names (metrics by default).
+  * metrics.otlp_endpoint pushes every sample as OTLP/HTTP JSON, with
+    metrics.otlp_username and metrics.otlp_password.
+  * /metrics/history of the web service answers the hour, day, month
+    and year views for the Router Manager.
+  * vpn-router-setup adds and keeps that service account, which cannot
+    sign in to /auth, with a random password in
+    /etc/vpn-router/metrics.secret, set anew when the file is missing.
+  * Depends on python3-psutil and python3-prometheus-client.
+
+ -- Slawomir Koszewski <slawek@koszewscy.waw.pl>  Sun, 25 Oct 2026 19:00:00 +0200
+
+vpn-router (0.15.0-1) unstable; urgency=medium
+
+  feature: vpn-config-edit shows and changes the router's configuration.
+
+  * vpn-config-edit show prints /etc/vpn-router/vpn-router.json as
+    indented JSON.
+  * vpn-config-edit set SECTION.OPTION VALUE converts the value to the
+    setting's type, checks the whole configuration as vpn-router-setup
+    does, writes the file indented with mode 0600, and reminds that
+    vpn-router-setup applies it.
+
+ -- Slawomir Koszewski <slawek@koszewscy.waw.pl>  Sun, 25 Oct 2026 18:00:00 +0200
+
+vpn-router (0.14.1-1) unstable; urgency=medium
+
+  fix: web.status_content is basic by default.
+
+  * Without web.status_content, or with a value that is not allowed, /
+    and /status show only the overall status, the time and the Client
+    IP; set it to standard or full to show more.
+
+ -- Slawomir Koszewski <slawek@koszewscy.waw.pl>  Sun, 25 Oct 2026 17:00:00 +0200
+
+vpn-router (0.14.0-1) unstable; urgency=medium
+
+  feature: the status page shows the Client IP, and web.status_content sets how much it shows.
+
+  * / and /status show the Client IP, the address the request came from:
+    the last X-Forwarded-For entry for a request from a trusted proxy, so
+    behind Caddy or the Router Manager the browser's; /status has it as
+    client_ip.
+  * web.status_content sets what / and /status show: basic the overall
+    status, the time and the Client IP; standard also the package
+    versions and the number of active and failed services; full, the
+    default, everything as before. /status names it in content.
+
+ -- Slawomir Koszewski <slawek@koszewscy.waw.pl>  Sun, 25 Oct 2026 16:00:00 +0200
+
 vpn-router (0.13.0-1) unstable; urgency=medium
 
   feature: Caddy serves the status page and the Router Manager over HTTPS with a certificate from Let's Encrypt.

debian-package/debian/config

@@ -51,6 +51,7 @@ db_input high vpn-router/remote_addrs || true
 db_input high vpn-router/remote_id || true
 db_input high vpn-router/remote_cidrs || true
 db_input high vpn-router/psk || true
+db_input high vpn-router/pki_root_name || true
 db_input high vpn-router/p2s_enabled || true
 db_input high vpn-router/wg_enabled || true
 db_go || true
@@ -58,7 +59,6 @@ db_go || true
 db_get vpn-router/p2s_enabled
 if [ "$RET" = "true" ]; then
     db_input high vpn-router/p2s_address_pool || true
-    db_input high vpn-router/p2s_ca_name || true
     db_go || true
 fi
 

debian-package/debian/control

@@ -17,25 +17,51 @@ Depends: ${misc:Depends},
          ufw,
          debconf,
          ucf,
-         openssl,
          python3,
+         python3-cryptography,
          python3-jinja2,
          python3-ldap,
          python3-pyotp,
+         python3-fido2,
+         python3-jwt,
+         python3-oauthlib,
          python3-psycopg,
+         python3-psutil,
+         python3-prometheus-client,
          postgresql,
          slapd,
+         nslcd,
+         libnss-ldapd,
+         libpam-ldapd,
+         sudo,
          openvpn,
          openvpn-auth-ldap,
          iproute2,
          systemd-resolved,
-         caddy
-Description: Linux VPN router with IPSec, road-warrior, OpenVPN and WireGuard support
+         dnsmasq-base,
+         zstd
+Recommends: bash-completion
+Suggests: caddy,
+          rclone,
+          pdns-server,
+          pdns-backend-pgsql,
+          proxmox-backup-client-static
+Description: Linux VPN router with IPSec, IKEv2, OpenVPN and WireGuard support
  Configures a Linux host or virtual machine as a VPN router: site-to-site
- IKEv2 IPSec (strongSwan swanctl), optional road-warrior access using EAP-TLS,
- optional OpenVPN with a certificate and a password per user, kept in a local
- LDAP directory, optional WireGuard, and the routing, NAT, MSS clamping and
- firewall rules a router needs. Nothing in the package is specific to a cloud
+ IKEv2 IPSec (strongSwan swanctl) with pre-shared keys or certificates,
+ optional IKEv2 access using EAP-TLS, optional OpenVPN with a
+ certificate and a password per user, kept in a local LDAP directory, optional
+ WireGuard, and the routing, NAT, MSS clamping and firewall rules a router
+ needs. Its two-level CA, whose root may be kept offline, has issuing CAs for
+ the VPN clients, for site-to-site and for general use, and publishes their
+ certificates and CRLs. Caddy, installed by the package from the Ubuntu
+ archive or from Caddy's repository, serves HTTPS and static web sites, whose
+ files are uploaded through the web service or WebDAV, an optional PowerDNS
+ name server answers for a zone of the sites, and an optional OpenID
+ Provider signs the directory's users in to other systems. It keeps metrics of the
+ router in PostgreSQL and serves them for an OpenTelemetry Collector, and
+ makes scheduled backups to a local folder, copied to the cloud with rclone,
+ or to a Proxmox Backup Server. Nothing in the package is specific to a cloud
  provider.
  .
  Settings live in /etc/vpn-router/vpn-router.json, which is created on first

debian-package/debian/dirs

@@ -2,3 +2,4 @@ etc/vpn-router
 usr/lib/vpn-router
 usr/lib/vpn-router/vpnrouter_platforms
 usr/share/vpn-router/templates
+var/lib/vpn-router/sites

debian-package/debian/install

@@ -4,20 +4,42 @@ src/usr/lib/vpn-router/vpnrouter_ldap.py              usr/lib/vpn-router/
 src/usr/lib/vpn-router/vpnrouter_net.py               usr/lib/vpn-router/
 src/usr/lib/vpn-router/vpnrouter_serve.py             usr/lib/vpn-router/
 src/usr/lib/vpn-router/vpnrouter_users.py             usr/lib/vpn-router/
+src/usr/lib/vpn-router/vpnrouter_passkeys.py          usr/lib/vpn-router/
 src/usr/lib/vpn-router/vpnrouter_auth.py              usr/lib/vpn-router/
+src/usr/lib/vpn-router/vpnrouter_oidc.py              usr/lib/vpn-router/
+src/usr/lib/vpn-router/vpnrouter_metrics.py           usr/lib/vpn-router/
+src/usr/lib/vpn-router/vpnrouter_status.py            usr/lib/vpn-router/
+src/usr/lib/vpn-router/vpnrouter_backup.py            usr/lib/vpn-router/
+src/usr/lib/vpn-router/vpnrouter_pki.py               usr/lib/vpn-router/
+src/usr/lib/vpn-router/vpnrouter_sites.py             usr/lib/vpn-router/
+src/usr/lib/vpn-router/vpnrouter_dns.py               usr/lib/vpn-router/
+src/usr/lib/vpn-router/install-packages               usr/lib/vpn-router/
+src/usr/lib/vpn-router/webdav-auth                    usr/lib/vpn-router/
 src/usr/lib/vpn-router/openvpn-same-user              usr/lib/vpn-router/
+src/usr/lib/vpn-router/openvpn-issuer                 usr/lib/vpn-router/
+src/usr/lib/vpn-router/editor-file                    usr/lib/vpn-router/
+src/usr/bin/vpn-router-editor                         usr/bin/
 src/usr/sbin/vpn-router-user                          usr/sbin/
 src/usr/sbin/vpn-router-group                         usr/sbin/
+src/usr/sbin/vpn-router-role                          usr/sbin/
 src/usr/sbin/vpn-router-token                         usr/sbin/
-src/usr/lib/vpn-router/simple-ca                      usr/lib/vpn-router/
+src/usr/sbin/vpn-config-edit                          usr/sbin/
+src/usr/sbin/vpn-router-backup                        usr/sbin/
+src/usr/sbin/vpn-router-ca                            usr/sbin/
+src/usr/sbin/vpn-router-caddy                         usr/sbin/
+src/usr/sbin/vpn-router-site                          usr/sbin/
 src/usr/lib/vpn-router/configure                      usr/lib/vpn-router/
 src/usr/lib/vpn-router/docker-rules                   usr/lib/vpn-router/
 src/usr/lib/vpn-router/setup                          usr/lib/vpn-router/
 src/usr/lib/vpn-router/web                            usr/lib/vpn-router/
+src/usr/lib/vpn-router/vpnrouter_web/*.py             usr/lib/vpn-router/vpnrouter_web/
+src/usr/lib/vpn-router/metrics                        usr/lib/vpn-router/
 src/usr/lib/vpn-router/bootstrap                      usr/lib/vpn-router/
 src/usr/lib/vpn-router/wait-for-libpq                 usr/lib/vpn-router/
 src/usr/lib/vpn-router/generate-config                usr/lib/vpn-router/
 src/usr/lib/vpn-router/vpnrouter_platforms/*.py       usr/lib/vpn-router/vpnrouter_platforms/
 src/usr/share/vpn-router/templates/*                  usr/share/vpn-router/templates/
+src/usr/share/vpn-router/sql/*                        usr/share/vpn-router/sql/
+src/usr/share/bash-completion/completions/*.bash      usr/share/bash-completion/completions/
 src/usr/lib/systemd/system/caddy.service.d/vpn-router.conf usr/lib/systemd/system/caddy.service.d/
 src/usr/share/doc/vpn-router/vpn-router.json.example  usr/share/doc/vpn-router/

debian-package/debian/links

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+usr/bin/vpn-router-editor usr/bin/vre

debian-package/debian/postinst

@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ case "$1" in
         answer vpn-router/psk;              VPN_ROUTER_PSK="$ANSWER"
         answer vpn-router/p2s_enabled;      VPN_ROUTER_P2S_ENABLED="$ANSWER"
         answer vpn-router/p2s_address_pool; VPN_ROUTER_P2S_ADDRESS_POOL="$ANSWER"
-        answer vpn-router/p2s_ca_name;      VPN_ROUTER_P2S_CA_NAME="$ANSWER"
+        answer vpn-router/pki_root_name;    VPN_ROUTER_PKI_ROOT_NAME="$ANSWER"
         answer vpn-router/wg_enabled;       VPN_ROUTER_WG_ENABLED="$ANSWER"
         answer vpn-router/wg_address;       VPN_ROUTER_WG_ADDRESS="$ANSWER"
         answer vpn-router/wg_listen_port;   VPN_ROUTER_WG_LISTEN_PORT="$ANSWER"
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ case "$1" in
                VPN_ROUTER_REMOTE_ADDRS VPN_ROUTER_REMOTE_ID \
                VPN_ROUTER_REMOTE_CIDRS VPN_ROUTER_PSK \
                VPN_ROUTER_P2S_ENABLED VPN_ROUTER_P2S_ADDRESS_POOL \
-               VPN_ROUTER_P2S_CA_NAME VPN_ROUTER_WG_ENABLED \
+               VPN_ROUTER_PKI_ROOT_NAME VPN_ROUTER_WG_ENABLED \
                VPN_ROUTER_WG_ADDRESS VPN_ROUTER_WG_LISTEN_PORT
 
         # --- Hand a candidate configuration to ucf ---
@@ -71,9 +71,11 @@ case "$1" in
         # setting the forward policy all belong to vpn-router-setup, which does
         # them only once the configuration says this host is a router.
 
-        # The web service waits for libpq in the linker cache, which dpkg
-        # refreshes after this script, so it is started without waiting for it.
+        # The setup and web services wait for libpq in the linker cache, which
+        # dpkg refreshes after this script, so they are started without waiting
+        # for them.
         if [ -d /run/systemd/system ]; then
+            systemctl --no-block restart vpn-router-setup.service >/dev/null 2>&1 || true
             systemctl --no-block restart vpn-router-web.service >/dev/null 2>&1 || true
         fi
         ;;

debian-package/debian/postrm

@@ -11,10 +11,10 @@ strip_ufw_blocks() {
 
     tmp="$(mktemp)"
     awk '
-        /^# (IPSEC|WIREGUARD|OPENVPN|P2S DNS|WEB|BOOTSTRAP|MANAGER|HTTPS|ROUTER FORWARD|ROUTER NAT|ROUTER MSS) RULES START$/ {
+        /^# (IPSEC|WIREGUARD|OPENVPN|P2S DNS|WEB|BOOTSTRAP|MANAGER|HTTPS|METRICS|SITES|DNS|ROUTER FORWARD|ROUTER NAT|ROUTER MSS) RULES START$/ {
             skip = 1; pending = 0; next
         }
-        /^# (IPSEC|WIREGUARD|OPENVPN|P2S DNS|WEB|BOOTSTRAP|MANAGER|HTTPS|ROUTER FORWARD|ROUTER NAT|ROUTER MSS) RULES END$/ {
+        /^# (IPSEC|WIREGUARD|OPENVPN|P2S DNS|WEB|BOOTSTRAP|MANAGER|HTTPS|METRICS|SITES|DNS|ROUTER FORWARD|ROUTER NAT|ROUTER MSS) RULES END$/ {
             skip = 0; next
         }
         skip { next }
@@ -43,17 +43,31 @@ case "$1" in
             ucfr --purge vpn-router /etc/vpn-router/vpn-router.json
         fi
 
-        rm -f /etc/swanctl/conf.d/remote-site.conf \
+        rm -f /etc/swanctl/conf.d/site-to-site.conf \
               /etc/swanctl/conf.d/road-warrior.conf \
               /etc/systemd/resolved.conf.d/p2s-forwarder.conf \
+              /etc/vpn-router/dnsmasq.conf \
               /etc/wireguard/wg0.conf \
               /etc/openvpn/server/vpn-router.conf \
               /etc/openvpn/server/vpn-router-ldap.conf \
               /etc/caddy/vpn-router.Caddyfile \
+              /etc/powerdns/pdns.d/vpn-router.conf \
               /etc/vpn-router/vpn-router.json \
               /etc/vpn-router/web.key \
-              /var/lib/vpn-router/setup.done
-        rmdir --ignore-fail-on-non-empty /var/lib/vpn-router 2>/dev/null || true
+              /etc/vpn-router/oidc.key \
+              /etc/vpn-router/metrics.secret \
+              /etc/systemd/system/vpn-router-backup.timer.d/schedule.conf \
+              /etc/sudoers.d/vpn-router \
+              /etc/ssh/sshd_config.d/vpn-router.conf \
+              /var/lib/vpn-router/setup.done \
+              /var/lib/vpn-router/backup.json
+        rmdir --ignore-fail-on-non-empty /etc/systemd/system/vpn-router-backup.timer.d 2>/dev/null || true
+        # The name service no longer looks up the console accounts of the router's directory.
+        sed -i '/^passwd:/s/ ldap\b//' /etc/nsswitch.conf
+        rm -rf /var/lib/vpn-router/backup/staging /var/lib/vpn-router/backup/restore \
+               /var/lib/vpn-router/pki-publish /etc/caddy/vpn-router-pki /etc/caddy/vpn-router-sites \
+               /etc/openvpn/server/vpn-router-ca.pem /etc/openvpn/server/vpn-router-crl.pem
+        rmdir --ignore-fail-on-non-empty /var/lib/vpn-router/backup /var/lib/vpn-router 2>/dev/null || true
 
         # The refresh tokens' database and role, when the package created them.
         if [ -f /etc/vpn-router/database.secret ] && command -v psql >/dev/null 2>&1; then
@@ -62,9 +76,23 @@ case "$1" in
         fi
         rm -f /etc/vpn-router/database.secret
 
-        # Key material and users are not package state: /etc/vpn-router/pki,
-        # /etc/vpn-router/ldap, the user directory in slapd, the WireGuard key
-        # pair and everything under /etc/swanctl are left in place.
+        # The databases and roles of the web sites and of the name server, when the package created them.
+        for database in vpn-router-sites vpn-router-dns; do
+            secret="/etc/vpn-router/${database#vpn-router-}-database.secret"
+            if [ -f "$secret" ] && command -v psql >/dev/null 2>&1; then
+                runuser -u postgres -- psql -X -q -c "DROP DATABASE IF EXISTS \"$database\"" || true
+                runuser -u postgres -- psql -X -q -c "DROP ROLE IF EXISTS \"$database\"" || true
+            fi
+            rm -f "$secret"
+        done
+
+        # Key material, users and content are not package state: /etc/vpn-router/pki,
+        # /etc/vpn-router/ldap, /etc/vpn-router/rclone.conf, the user directory
+        # in slapd, the WireGuard key pair, everything under /etc/swanctl, the
+        # files of the web sites in /var/lib/vpn-router/sites, the backups and
+        # what a restore replaced are left in place. Caddy, rclone and PowerDNS
+        # stay installed, so Caddy's repository, which vpn-router-caddy
+        # configures, stays too.
         rmdir --ignore-fail-on-non-empty /etc/vpn-router 2>/dev/null || true
         ;;
 esac

debian-package/debian/prerm

@@ -6,15 +6,22 @@ case "$1" in
         # Stop offering the tunnels, but leave strongSwan itself enabled: it is
         # a shared service and may be in use by something other than this
         # package. The connection files are removed on purge.
+        # The site-to-site connections are the names of site_to_site in vpn-router.json.
         if [ -d /run/systemd/system ]; then
-            swanctl --terminate --ike remote-site >/dev/null 2>&1 || true
+            connections="$(python3 -c 'import json, sys; print(" ".join(json.load(open(sys.argv[1])).get("site_to_site", {})))' \
+                /etc/vpn-router/vpn-router.json 2>/dev/null || true)"
+            for connection in $connections; do
+                swanctl --terminate --ike "$connection" >/dev/null 2>&1 || true
+            done
             swanctl --terminate --ike road-warrior >/dev/null 2>&1 || true
         fi
 
-        # This package enabled wg-quick@wg0, openvpn-server@vpn-router and
-        # caddy, so it takes them down again. Use the debhelper wrappers rather
-        # than systemctl, so the script behaves on a machine without systemd.
-        for unit in wg-quick@wg0.service openvpn-server@vpn-router.service caddy.service; do
+        # vpn-router-setup enabled wg-quick@wg0, openvpn-server@vpn-router,
+        # caddy, vpn-router-metrics, the backup timer and the PKI timer, so the
+        # package takes them down again. Use the debhelper wrappers rather than
+        # systemctl, so the script behaves on a machine without systemd.
+        for unit in wg-quick@wg0.service openvpn-server@vpn-router.service caddy.service vpn-router-metrics.service \
+                vpn-router-backup.timer vpn-router-pki.timer; do
             if command -v deb-systemd-invoke >/dev/null 2>&1; then
                 deb-systemd-invoke stop "$unit" >/dev/null 2>&1 || true
             fi

debian-package/debian/rules

@@ -3,7 +3,14 @@
 	dh $@
 
 override_dh_installsystemd:
-	dh_installsystemd --name=vpn-router-setup
+	dh_installsystemd --name=vpn-router-setup --no-start
 	dh_installsystemd --name=vpn-router-docker
 	dh_installsystemd --name=vpn-router-web --no-start
+	dh_installsystemd --name=vpn-router-metrics --no-enable --no-start
 	dh_installsystemd --name=vpn-router-bootstrap --no-enable --no-start
+	dh_installsystemd --name=vpn-router-backup --no-enable --no-start
+	dh_installsystemd --name=vpn-router-pki --no-enable --no-start
+	dh_installsystemd --name=vpn-router-caddy --no-enable --no-start
+	dh_installsystemd --name=vpn-router-webdav --no-enable --no-start
+	dh_installsystemd --name=vpn-router-resolver --no-enable --no-start
+	dh_installsystemd --name=vpn-router-install@ --no-enable --no-start

debian-package/debian/templates

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ Choices: none, generic, azure, gcp
 Default: none
 Description: Platform:
  Which platform this router runs on. The choice loads platform-specific
- additions, such as the provider DNS resolver for road-warrior clients.
+ additions, such as the provider DNS resolver for IKEv2 clients.
  .
  none defers configuration entirely: the package installs its files and
  changes nothing on the machine. Choose it when the router will be configured
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ Type: string
 Default:
 Description: Local router FQDN:
  Fully-qualified domain name of this router (for example
- router.example.com). Used as the road-warrior server identity and
+ router.example.com). Used as the IKEv2 server identity and
  certificate common name.
 
 Template: vpn-router/local_id_mode
@@ -66,7 +66,8 @@ Type: select
 Choices: fqdn, public_ip, internal_ip
 Default: fqdn
 Description: IKE local identity mode:
- How to derive the IKE identity advertised to the remote site:
+ How to derive the IKE identity the first site-to-site connection
+ advertises to the remote site:
  .
  fqdn - use the FQDN, which must match what the peer expects.
  .
@@ -78,8 +79,9 @@ Template: vpn-router/local_cidrs
 Type: string
 Default:
 Description: Local subnet CIDR(s):
- Comma-separated list of local subnet CIDRs to advertise into the
- site-to-site tunnel (for example 10.0.0.0/24 or 10.0.0.0/24,10.0.1.0/24).
+ Comma-separated list of local subnet CIDRs routed by this router and
+ advertised into the first site-to-site connection (for example
+ 10.0.0.0/24 or 10.0.0.0/24,10.0.1.0/24).
 
 Template: vpn-router/int_gateway_ip
 Type: string
@@ -94,48 +96,48 @@ Type: string
 Default:
 Description: Remote site WAN IP address(es):
  Comma-separated list of remote gateway addresses or FQDNs for the
- site-to-site IPSec tunnel.
+ first site-to-site connection.
 
 Template: vpn-router/remote_id
 Type: string
 Default:
 Description: Remote site IKE identity:
- IKE identity of the remote peer, without a leading @.
+ IKE identity of the remote peer of the first site-to-site connection,
+ without a leading @.
 
 Template: vpn-router/remote_cidrs
 Type: string
 Default:
 Description: Remote subnet CIDR(s):
  Comma-separated list of remote subnet CIDRs reachable through the
- site-to-site tunnel (for example 192.168.0.0/24).
+ first site-to-site connection (for example 192.168.0.0/24).
 
 Template: vpn-router/psk
 Type: password
 Description: Pre-shared key (PSK):
- Pre-shared key for the site-to-site IKEv2 tunnel. Must match the value
+ Pre-shared key of the first site-to-site connection. Must match the value
  configured on the remote peer. Stored in the configuration file and cleared
  from the debconf database after installation.
 
 Template: vpn-router/p2s_enabled
 Type: boolean
 Default: false
-Description: Enable road-warrior (P2S) access?
+Description: Enable IKEv2 access?
  If enabled, this router accepts IKEv2 EAP-TLS connections from individual
- clients. Certificates are taken from /etc/vpn-router/pki, and a local
- certificate authority is created there if that directory is empty.
+ clients, with certificates of the router's P2S issuing CA.
 
 Template: vpn-router/p2s_address_pool
 Type: string
 Default:
-Description: Road-warrior address pool:
- CIDR block assigned to road-warrior clients (for example 172.16.0.0/24).
+Description: IKEv2 address pool:
+ CIDR block assigned to IKEv2 clients (for example 172.16.0.0/24).
 
-Template: vpn-router/p2s_ca_name
+Template: vpn-router/pki_root_name
 Type: string
-Default: VPN Router CA
-Description: Road-warrior CA name:
- Common name for the certificate authority created in /etc/vpn-router/pki
- when that directory is empty. Ignored when certificates are supplied.
+Default: VPN Router Root CA
+Description: Root CA name:
+ Common name of the root certificate authority the router creates in
+ /etc/vpn-router/pki/root. Ignored when a root certificate is placed there.
 
 Template: vpn-router/wg_enabled
 Type: boolean

debian-package/debian/vpn-router.vpn-router-backup.service

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+[Unit]
+Description=VPN Router backup
+Documentation=file:/usr/share/doc/vpn-router/README.md
+After=network-online.target slapd.service postgresql.service
+Wants=network-online.target
+
+[Service]
+Type=oneshot
+ExecStart=/usr/sbin/vpn-router-backup run
+Nice=10
+IOSchedulingClass=idle

debian-package/debian/vpn-router.vpn-router-backup.timer

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+[Unit]
+Description=VPN Router backup schedule
+Documentation=file:/usr/share/doc/vpn-router/README.md
+
+[Timer]
+OnCalendar=daily
+Persistent=true
+
+[Install]
+WantedBy=timers.target

debian-package/debian/vpn-router.vpn-router-caddy.service

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+[Unit]
+Description=VPN Router Caddy installation
+Documentation=file:/usr/share/doc/vpn-router/README.md
+After=network-online.target
+Wants=network-online.target
+
+[Service]
+Type=oneshot
+ExecStart=/usr/sbin/vpn-router-caddy apply
+TimeoutStartSec=20min

debian-package/debian/vpn-router.vpn-router-install@.service

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+[Unit]
+Description=VPN Router installation of the packages of %i
+Documentation=file:/usr/share/doc/vpn-router/README.md
+After=network-online.target
+Wants=network-online.target
+
+[Service]
+Type=oneshot
+ExecStart=/usr/lib/vpn-router/install-packages %i
+TimeoutStartSec=20min

debian-package/debian/vpn-router.vpn-router-metrics.service

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+[Unit]
+Description=VPN Router metrics service
+Documentation=file:/usr/share/doc/vpn-router/README.md
+After=network-online.target postgresql.service vpn-router-web.service
+Wants=network-online.target
+
+[Service]
+Type=simple
+ExecStartPre=/usr/lib/vpn-router/wait-for-libpq
+ExecStart=/usr/bin/python3 /usr/lib/vpn-router/metrics
+TimeoutStartSec=5min
+Restart=on-failure
+RestartSec=15
+NoNewPrivileges=yes
+ProtectSystem=strict
+RuntimeDirectory=vpn-router
+RuntimeDirectoryPreserve=yes
+ProtectHome=yes
+PrivateTmp=yes
+
+[Install]
+WantedBy=multi-user.target

debian-package/debian/vpn-router.vpn-router-pki.service

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+[Unit]
+Description=VPN Router PKI maintenance
+Documentation=file:/usr/share/doc/vpn-router/README.md
+
+[Service]
+Type=oneshot
+ExecStart=/usr/sbin/vpn-router-ca maintain

debian-package/debian/vpn-router.vpn-router-pki.timer

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+[Unit]
+Description=VPN Router PKI maintenance schedule
+Documentation=file:/usr/share/doc/vpn-router/README.md
+
+[Timer]
+OnCalendar=daily
+Persistent=true
+
+[Install]
+WantedBy=timers.target

debian-package/debian/vpn-router.vpn-router-resolver.service

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+[Unit]
+Description=VPN Router DNS resolver of the remote access clients
+Documentation=file:/usr/share/doc/vpn-router/README.md
+After=network-online.target systemd-resolved.service
+Wants=network-online.target
+ConditionPathExists=/etc/vpn-router/dnsmasq.conf
+
+[Service]
+Type=simple
+ExecStart=/usr/sbin/dnsmasq --keep-in-foreground --pid-file= --log-facility=- --conf-file=/etc/vpn-router/dnsmasq.conf
+Restart=on-failure
+RestartSec=5
+
+[Install]
+WantedBy=multi-user.target

debian-package/debian/vpn-router.vpn-router-setup.service

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ After=network-online.target docker.service postgresql.service
 
 [Service]
 Type=oneshot
+ExecStartPre=/usr/lib/vpn-router/wait-for-libpq
 ExecStart=/usr/lib/vpn-router/setup
 RemainAfterExit=yes
 

debian-package/debian/vpn-router.vpn-router-web.service

@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ NoNewPrivileges=yes
 ProtectSystem=strict
 RuntimeDirectory=vpn-router
 RuntimeDirectoryPreserve=yes
-ReadWritePaths=-/etc/vpn-router -/etc/swanctl/x509crl
+ReadWritePaths=-/etc/vpn-router -/etc/swanctl/x509crl -/etc/openvpn/server -/var/lib/vpn-router/pki-publish -/var/lib/vpn-router/sites
 ProtectHome=yes
 PrivateTmp=yes
 

debian-package/debian/vpn-router.vpn-router-webdav.service

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+[Unit]
+Description=VPN Router WebDAV of the web sites' folders
+Documentation=file:/usr/share/doc/vpn-router/README.md
+After=network-online.target slapd.service postgresql.service
+Wants=network-online.target
+
+[Service]
+Type=simple
+ExecStart=/usr/bin/rclone serve webdav --addr 127.0.0.1:7446 --auth-proxy /usr/lib/vpn-router/webdav-auth --config /dev/null --cache-dir /var/cache/vpn-router-webdav --vfs-cache-mode writes --umask 022
+Restart=on-failure
+RestartSec=15
+NoNewPrivileges=yes
+ProtectSystem=strict
+ReadWritePaths=/var/lib/vpn-router/sites
+CacheDirectory=vpn-router-webdav
+RuntimeDirectory=vpn-router-webdav
+ProtectHome=yes
+PrivateTmp=yes
+
+[Install]
+WantedBy=multi-user.target

debian-package/publish.sh

@@ -11,6 +11,8 @@ esac
 OWNER="${OWNER:-slawek}"
 SERVER_URL="${SERVER_URL:-https://gitea.koszewscy.waw.pl}"
 PACKAGES_TOKEN="${PACKAGES_TOKEN:-$(cat ~/.gitea-packages-token)}"
+# The Ubuntu releases whose distribution of the repository gets the package, in its component main.
+DISTRIBUTIONS="${DISTRIBUTIONS:-noble resolute}"
 
 # Reads the changelog copied into the builder image, so no bind mount is needed.
 changelog_field() {
@@ -27,14 +29,17 @@ if [ ! -f "$DEB" ]; then
     exit 1
 fi
 
-STATUS="$(curl -s -o /dev/null -w '%{http_code}' --user "$OWNER:$PACKAGES_TOKEN" \
-    "$SERVER_URL/api/v1/packages/$OWNER/debian/$PACKAGE/$VERSION")"
-case "$STATUS" in
-    200) printf '%s %s is already published, skipping.\n' "$PACKAGE" "$VERSION"; exit 0 ;;
-    404) ;;
-    *)   printf 'ERROR: version check returned HTTP %s.\n' "$STATUS" >&2; exit 1 ;;
-esac
+BODY="$(mktemp)"
+trap 'rm -f "$BODY"' EXIT
 
-curl --fail-with-body --user "$OWNER:$PACKAGES_TOKEN" \
-    --upload-file "$DEB" \
-    "$SERVER_URL/api/packages/$OWNER/debian/pool/noble/main/upload"
+# Gitea answers 409 for a version that is in the distribution already.
+for DISTRIBUTION in $DISTRIBUTIONS; do
+    STATUS="$(curl -s -o "$BODY" -w '%{http_code}' --user "$OWNER:$PACKAGES_TOKEN" \
+        --upload-file "$DEB" \
+        "$SERVER_URL/api/packages/$OWNER/debian/pool/$DISTRIBUTION/main/upload")"
+    case "$STATUS" in
+        2??) printf '%s %s is published in %s/main.\n' "$PACKAGE" "$VERSION" "$DISTRIBUTION" ;;
+        409) printf '%s %s is already in %s/main, skipping.\n' "$PACKAGE" "$VERSION" "$DISTRIBUTION" ;;
+        *)   printf 'ERROR: the upload to %s/main returned HTTP %s: %s\n' "$DISTRIBUTION" "$STATUS" "$(cat "$BODY")" >&2; exit 1 ;;
+    esac
+done

debian-package/src/usr/bin/vpn-router-editor

@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+#!/usr/bin/python3
+"""Open files in the editor of the Router Manager's Shell page, from the shell of that page; vre is its short name.
+
+Each file is named to the router's web service over SOCKET with the shell's session,
+$VPN_ROUTER_SHELL, which the web service sets in the shells it starts; the Shell page then shows
+the file in a tab of its editor, where it is read and saved. The command returns at once. A
+relative path is taken from the current directory, and a file that does not exist is created when
+it is saved. The exit status is 0 when every file was opened, 1 when the web service refused one,
+with its reason, and 2 outside the Router Manager's shell or for an invalid request. -h or --help
+shows the usage.
+
+  vre FILE...
+"""
+
+import argparse
+import json
+import os
+import socket
+import sys
+
+#: The socket of the router's web service that opens files in the editor of a shell.
+SOCKET = '/run/vpn-router/editor.sock'
+
+#: Seconds to wait for the web service's answer.
+TIMEOUT = 10
+
+
+class Parser(argparse.ArgumentParser):
+    """An argument parser whose errors end with status 2."""
+
+    def error(self, message):
+        print(f'{self.prog}: {message}; see {self.prog} --help', file=sys.stderr)
+        sys.exit(2)
+
+
+def opened(session, path):
+    """Ask the web service to open the file in the editor of the session; None, or the reason it refused."""
+    with socket.socket(socket.AF_UNIX, socket.SOCK_STREAM) as connection:
+        connection.settimeout(TIMEOUT)
+        connection.connect(SOCKET)
+        connection.sendall(json.dumps({'session': session, 'path': path}).encode() + b'\n')
+        answer = json.loads(connection.makefile('rb').readline() or b'{}')
+    return None if answer.get('ok') is True else str(answer.get('error', 'no answer'))
+
+
+def main(argv):
+    prog = os.path.basename(sys.argv[0])
+    parser = Parser(prog=prog, description="Open files in the editor of the Router Manager's Shell page.")
+    parser.add_argument('files', nargs='+', metavar='FILE', help='a file to open')
+    options = parser.parse_args(argv)
+    session = os.environ.get('VPN_ROUTER_SHELL', '')
+    if not session:
+        print(f'{prog}: {prog} works only in the shell of the Router Manager', file=sys.stderr)
+        return 2
+    status = 0
+    for name in options.files:
+        path = os.path.abspath(os.path.expanduser(name))
+        try:
+            reason = opened(session, path)
+        except (OSError, ValueError) as exc:
+            reason = f'the web service cannot be reached: {exc}'
+        if reason:
+            print(f'{prog}: {path}: {reason}', file=sys.stderr)
+            status = 1
+        else:
+            print(f'Opened {path} in the editor of the Shell page.')
+    return status
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    sys.exit(main(sys.argv[1:]))

debian-package/src/usr/lib/vpn-router/bootstrap

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ the logs.
 """
 
 import subprocess
+import sys
 from http.server import BaseHTTPRequestHandler, ThreadingHTTPServer
 
 PORT = 17081
@@ -42,14 +43,28 @@ def report():
 class Handler(BaseHTTPRequestHandler):
     def do_GET(self):
         body = report().encode()
-        self.send_response(200)
-        self.send_header('Content-Type', 'text/plain; charset=utf-8')
-        self.send_header('Content-Length', str(len(body)))
-        self.send_header('Cache-Control', 'no-store')
-        self.send_header('Refresh', '10')
-        self.end_headers()
-        self.wfile.write(body)
+        try:
+            self.send_response(200)
+            self.send_header('Content-Type', 'text/plain; charset=utf-8')
+            self.send_header('Content-Length', str(len(body)))
+            self.send_header('Cache-Control', 'no-store')
+            self.send_header('Refresh', '10')
+            self.end_headers()
+            self.wfile.write(body)
+        except ConnectionError:
+            # The client went away before the answer was written.
+            self.close_connection = True
+
+
+def failed(request, client_address):
+    """Log a failed request in one line, and nothing when the client went away."""
+    failure = sys.exc_info()[1]
+    if not isinstance(failure, ConnectionError):
+        print(f'a request from {client_address[0]} failed: {type(failure).__name__}: {failure}', file=sys.stderr, flush=True)
 
 
 if __name__ == '__main__':
-    ThreadingHTTPServer(('', PORT), Handler).serve_forever()
+    sys.excepthook = lambda kind, value, _: print(f'failed: {kind.__name__}: {value}', file=sys.stderr, flush=True)
+    server = ThreadingHTTPServer(('', PORT), Handler)
+    server.handle_error = failed
+    server.serve_forever()

debian-package/src/usr/lib/vpn-router/editor-file

@@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
+#!/usr/bin/python3
+"""Read or write a file of the editor of the Router Manager's Shell page, as the user it runs as.
+
+The web service runs it with systemd-run --uid=<console account> --pipe, outside its sandbox, so the
+file is read and written with the rights of the shell's user. The version of a content is the
+hexadecimal SHA-256 of its bytes; a missing file has the version of the empty content.
+
+  editor-file read PATH             print the content of the file; nothing for a missing file
+  editor-file write PATH VERSION    replace the content with standard input when the file still has
+                                    VERSION, writing in place, so its owner, mode and links stay;
+                                    a missing file is created
+
+Only regular files of at most MAX_BYTES bytes of UTF-8 text are read and written. The exit status
+is 0 on success, 2 for a file that is refused, with the reason on standard error, 3 when the file
+does not have VERSION any more, and 1 for any other failure.
+"""
+
+import hashlib
+import os
+import sys
+
+#: The largest file the editor opens, in bytes.
+MAX_BYTES = 1024 * 1024
+
+
+class Refused(Exception):
+    """A file the editor does not open or write; status is the exit status."""
+
+    def __init__(self, message, status=2):
+        super().__init__(message)
+        self.status = status
+
+
+def text(data, path):
+    """The bytes when they are UTF-8 text of at most MAX_BYTES; Refused otherwise."""
+    if len(data) > MAX_BYTES:
+        raise Refused(f'{path} is larger than {MAX_BYTES // 1024} KiB')
+    try:
+        data.decode('utf-8')
+    except UnicodeDecodeError:
+        raise Refused(f'{path} is not UTF-8 text')
+    return data
+
+
+def current(path):
+    """The content of the file, b'' when it does not exist; Refused for a file that is not a regular one."""
+    if not os.path.lexists(path):
+        return b''
+    if not os.path.isfile(path):
+        raise Refused(f'{path} is not a regular file')
+    with open(path, 'rb') as handle:
+        return text(handle.read(MAX_BYTES + 1), path)
+
+
+def main(argv):
+    if len(argv) < 2 or (argv[0], len(argv)) not in (('read', 2), ('write', 3)):
+        print('usage: editor-file read PATH | editor-file write PATH VERSION', file=sys.stderr)
+        return 2
+    path = argv[1]
+    try:
+        if argv[0] == 'read':
+            sys.stdout.buffer.write(current(path))
+            return 0
+        content = text(sys.stdin.buffer.read(MAX_BYTES + 1), path)
+        if hashlib.sha256(current(path)).hexdigest() != argv[2]:
+            raise Refused(f'{path} changed since it was read', 3)
+        with open(path, 'r+b' if os.path.lexists(path) else 'xb') as handle:
+            handle.write(content)
+            handle.truncate()
+            handle.flush()
+            os.fsync(handle.fileno())
+    except Refused as refused:
+        print(refused, file=sys.stderr)
+        return refused.status
+    except OSError as exc:
+        print(f'{exc.filename or path}: {exc.strerror}', file=sys.stderr)
+        return 1
+    return 0
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    sys.exit(main(sys.argv[1:]))

debian-package/src/usr/lib/vpn-router/generate-config

@@ -18,7 +18,9 @@ on the next dpkg-reconfigure.
 
 Answers arrive as VPN_ROUTER_* environment variables and are converted to the
 type of the setting they fill: comma-separated lists become arrays, "true" and
-"false" become booleans and digits become integers.
+"false" become booleans and digits become integers. The site-to-site answers
+fill the connection vpnrouter.FIRST_CONNECTION of site_to_site; the local
+subnets fill both its local_cidrs and local.cidrs.
 """
 
 import json
@@ -29,27 +31,29 @@ sys.path.insert(0, os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__)))
 
 import vpnrouter
 
-# environment variable -> (section, option)
+FIRST = ('site_to_site', vpnrouter.FIRST_CONNECTION)
+
+# environment variable -> the settings it fills, each (section, option) or (site_to_site, name, option)
 ANSWERS = {
-    'VPN_ROUTER_PLATFORM':        ('general', 'platform'),
-    'VPN_ROUTER_MODE':            ('general', 'mode'),
-    'VPN_ROUTER_INT_ADDR':        ('local', 'int_addr'),
-    'VPN_ROUTER_EXTERNAL_INTERFACE': ('interfaces', 'external'),
-    'VPN_ROUTER_INTERNAL_INTERFACE': ('interfaces', 'internal'),
-    'VPN_ROUTER_LOCAL_FQDN':      ('wan', 'local_fqdn'),
-    'VPN_ROUTER_LOCAL_ID_MODE':   ('wan', 'local_id_mode'),
-    'VPN_ROUTER_LOCAL_CIDRS':     ('local', 'cidrs'),
-    'VPN_ROUTER_INT_GATEWAY_IP':  ('local', 'int_gateway_ip'),
-    'VPN_ROUTER_REMOTE_ADDRS':    ('remote', 'addrs'),
-    'VPN_ROUTER_REMOTE_ID':       ('remote', 'id'),
-    'VPN_ROUTER_REMOTE_CIDRS':    ('remote', 'cidrs'),
-    'VPN_ROUTER_PSK':             ('remote', 'psk'),
-    'VPN_ROUTER_P2S_ENABLED':     ('p2s', 'enabled'),
-    'VPN_ROUTER_P2S_ADDRESS_POOL': ('p2s', 'address_pool'),
-    'VPN_ROUTER_P2S_CA_NAME':     ('p2s', 'ca_name'),
-    'VPN_ROUTER_WG_ENABLED':      ('wireguard', 'enabled'),
-    'VPN_ROUTER_WG_ADDRESS':      ('wireguard', 'address'),
-    'VPN_ROUTER_WG_LISTEN_PORT':  ('wireguard', 'listen_port'),
+    'VPN_ROUTER_PLATFORM':        (('general', 'platform'),),
+    'VPN_ROUTER_MODE':            (('general', 'mode'),),
+    'VPN_ROUTER_INT_ADDR':        (('local', 'int_addr'),),
+    'VPN_ROUTER_EXTERNAL_INTERFACE': (('interfaces', 'external'),),
+    'VPN_ROUTER_INTERNAL_INTERFACE': (('interfaces', 'internal'),),
+    'VPN_ROUTER_LOCAL_FQDN':      (('wan', 'local_fqdn'),),
+    'VPN_ROUTER_LOCAL_ID_MODE':   ((*FIRST, 'local_id_mode'),),
+    'VPN_ROUTER_LOCAL_CIDRS':     (('local', 'cidrs'), (*FIRST, 'local_cidrs')),
+    'VPN_ROUTER_INT_GATEWAY_IP':  (('local', 'int_gateway_ip'),),
+    'VPN_ROUTER_REMOTE_ADDRS':    ((*FIRST, 'addrs'),),
+    'VPN_ROUTER_REMOTE_ID':       ((*FIRST, 'id'),),
+    'VPN_ROUTER_REMOTE_CIDRS':    ((*FIRST, 'cidrs'),),
+    'VPN_ROUTER_PSK':             ((*FIRST, 'psk'),),
+    'VPN_ROUTER_P2S_ENABLED':     (('p2s', 'enabled'),),
+    'VPN_ROUTER_P2S_ADDRESS_POOL': (('p2s', 'address_pool'),),
+    'VPN_ROUTER_PKI_ROOT_NAME':   (('pki', 'root_name'),),
+    'VPN_ROUTER_WG_ENABLED':      (('wireguard', 'enabled'),),
+    'VPN_ROUTER_WG_ADDRESS':      (('wireguard', 'address'),),
+    'VPN_ROUTER_WG_LISTEN_PORT':  (('wireguard', 'listen_port'),),
 }
 
 
@@ -74,23 +78,28 @@ def main():
             vpnrouter.fail(f'cannot parse {vpnrouter.CONFIG_FILE}: the top level is not an object')
 
     answered = False
-    for variable, (section, option) in ANSWERS.items():
-        value = os.environ.get(variable)
-        if not value:
+    for variable, paths in ANSWERS.items():
+        answer = os.environ.get(variable)
+        if not answer:
             continue
-        # A value that does not convert is kept as a string for validate() to report.
-        default = vpnrouter.SCHEMA[section][option]
-        if isinstance(default, bool):
-            value = value == 'true'
-        elif isinstance(default, int):
-            value = int(value) if value.isdigit() else value
-        elif isinstance(default, list):
-            value = [item.strip() for item in value.split(',') if item.strip()]
-        if not isinstance(cfg.get(section, {}), dict):
-            vpnrouter.fail(f'cannot parse {vpnrouter.CONFIG_FILE}: {section} is not an object')
-        if cfg.setdefault(section, {}).get(option) != value:
-            cfg[section][option] = value
-            answered = True
+        for path in paths:
+            # A value that does not convert is kept as a string for validate() to report.
+            default = vpnrouter.CONNECTION[path[2]] if path[0] == 'site_to_site' else vpnrouter.SCHEMA[path[0]][path[1]]
+            value = answer
+            if isinstance(default, bool):
+                value = value == 'true'
+            elif isinstance(default, int):
+                value = int(value) if value.isdigit() else value
+            elif isinstance(default, list):
+                value = [item.strip() for item in value.split(',') if item.strip()]
+            target = cfg
+            for key in path[:-1]:
+                if not isinstance(target.setdefault(key, {}), dict):
+                    vpnrouter.fail(f'cannot parse {vpnrouter.CONFIG_FILE}: {".".join(path[:-1])} is not an object')
+                target = target[key]
+            if target.get(path[-1]) != value:
+                target[path[-1]] = value
+                answered = True
 
     # Without a change the candidate is the current file byte for byte, as ucf compares checksums.
     with open(output, 'w', encoding='utf-8') as handle:

debian-package/src/usr/lib/vpn-router/install-packages

@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+#!/usr/bin/python3
+"""Install the packages of a feature from the Ubuntu archive, then restart vpn-router-setup without waiting.
+
+Run by vpn-router-install@<feature>.service, which vpn-router-setup starts when the feature is on and its packages are
+missing: webdav (rclone) and dns (PowerDNS with its gpgsql backend). Recommended packages are left out, so PowerDNS
+comes without its bind backend. A failure is a message on standard error and the exit status 1.
+
+  install-packages FEATURE
+"""
+
+import os
+import subprocess
+import sys
+
+#: The packages of each feature.
+FEATURES = {'webdav': ['rclone'], 'dns': ['pdns-server', 'pdns-backend-pgsql']}
+
+#: apt-get, waiting up to ten minutes for dpkg's lock, which a package installation that runs setup holds.
+APT = ['apt-get', '-o', 'DPkg::Lock::Timeout=600']
+
+
+def main():
+    if len(sys.argv) != 2 or sys.argv[1] not in FEATURES:
+        sys.exit(f'usage: install-packages {"|".join(FEATURES)}')
+    environment = dict(os.environ, DEBIAN_FRONTEND='noninteractive')
+    for args in ([*APT, 'update'], [*APT, '-y', '--no-install-recommends', '-o', 'Dpkg::Options::=--force-confdef',
+                                    '-o', 'Dpkg::Options::=--force-confold', 'install', *FEATURES[sys.argv[1]]]):
+        print(f'$ {" ".join(args)}', flush=True)
+        if subprocess.run(args, env=environment).returncode != 0:
+            sys.exit(f'install-packages: {args[0]} failed')
+    subprocess.run(['systemctl', 'restart', '--no-block', 'vpn-router-setup.service'])
+    return 0
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    sys.exit(main())

debian-package/src/usr/lib/vpn-router/metrics

@@ -0,0 +1,460 @@
+#!/usr/bin/python3
+"""Collect the metrics of the router, keep them in PostgreSQL, serve them for scraping and push them with OTLP.
+
+Run by vpn-router-metrics.service while metrics.enabled is true; vpn-router-setup enables and
+disables the unit.
+
+Every SAMPLE_SECONDS, on the minute, a sample is taken with psutil: the CPU utilization since the
+previous sample, the memory used and in total, the free and the total space of /, the bytes
+received and sent per second on the external and the internal interface, and the load averages;
+and the VPN clients of each enabled VPN system (vpnrouter_status): IKEv2 (p2s) and
+OpenVPN clients and WireGuard peers with a recent handshake; and of each site-to-site connection
+that is set up, whether it is up, the bytes and packets per second through its child SAs since
+the previous sample, and how long its IKE SA has been up. The interfaces, the enabled systems and
+the connections are those vpn-router-setup resolved, read from /run/vpn-router/web.json.
+
+The sample is written to the detail tables of vpnrouter_metrics. When the clock has passed into
+a new hour, day, month or year, the complete periods are summarized, and once a day, after the
+daily summary, the rows older than their retention are deleted; both also run on start. A
+failure of the database is logged and tried again with the next sample.
+
+GET /metrics answers the last sample in the Prometheus text format, written by
+prometheus_client, with OpenTelemetry semantic convention names in their Prometheus form, for an
+OpenTelemetry Collector's prometheus receiver. It needs HTTP Basic authentication as the service
+account metrics.service_account names, which vpn-router-setup keeps with the password in
+/etc/vpn-router/metrics.secret, checked with a bind to the router's directory, so failed attempts
+lock the account as for any user. The service listens on the interfaces metrics.listen
+names and on the loopback address, where Caddy serves it over HTTPS at metrics.https_port; the
+address of a call through Caddy is the last entry of its X-Forwarded-For header.
+
+When metrics.otlp_endpoint is set, every sample is also pushed there as an OTLP/HTTP JSON
+ExportMetricsServiceRequest, with HTTP Basic authentication when metrics.otlp_username is set.
+"""
+
+import base64
+import datetime
+import json
+import os
+import signal
+import socket
+import sys
+import threading
+import time
+import urllib.error
+import urllib.request
+from http.server import BaseHTTPRequestHandler
+
+sys.path.insert(0, os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__)))
+
+import ldap
+import psutil
+from prometheus_client import CONTENT_TYPE_LATEST, generate_latest
+from prometheus_client.core import CollectorRegistry, CounterMetricFamily, GaugeMetricFamily
+
+import vpnrouter
+import vpnrouter_metrics
+import vpnrouter_net
+import vpnrouter_serve
+import vpnrouter_status
+import vpnrouter_users
+
+STATE_FILE = '/run/vpn-router/web.json'
+CONFIG_FILE = '/etc/vpn-router/vpn-router.json'
+
+SAMPLE_SECONDS = 60
+
+#: Seconds between two discoveries of where the service should listen.
+DISCOVERY_SECONDS = 30
+
+#: Seconds an OTLP push may take.
+OTLP_TIMEOUT = 10
+
+#: The mount point whose space is measured.
+MOUNTPOINT = '/'
+
+#: The last sample, as sample() makes it, or None before the first.
+_latest = {'sample': None}
+_latest_lock = threading.Lock()
+
+
+def log(message):
+    print(f'vpn-router-metrics: {message}', file=sys.stderr, flush=True)
+
+
+def read_json(path):
+    """The object in a JSON file, or {} when the file is missing or holds no object."""
+    try:
+        with open(path, encoding='utf-8') as handle:
+            data = json.load(handle)
+    except (OSError, ValueError):
+        return {}
+    return data if isinstance(data, dict) else {}
+
+
+def section(configuration, name):
+    """A section of the configuration, or {} when it is missing or not an object."""
+    value = configuration.get(name)
+    return value if isinstance(value, dict) else {}
+
+
+def clients(state):
+    """The VPN clients of each enabled VPN system, None where it cannot be asked."""
+    counts = {}
+    if state.get('p2s'):
+        counts['p2s'] = vpnrouter_status.established('road-warrior')
+    if state.get('openvpn'):
+        counts['openvpn'] = vpnrouter_status.openvpn_clients()
+    if state.get('wireguard'):
+        counts['wireguard'] = vpnrouter_status.wireguard_connected()
+    return counts
+
+
+def sample(previous):
+    """A sample of the router, with the rates since the previous sample, None for the first."""
+    state = read_json(STATE_FILE)
+    network = section(state, 'network')
+    names = [name for name in dict.fromkeys((network.get('external_interface'), network.get('internal_interface')))
+             if isinstance(name, str) and name]
+    counters = psutil.net_io_counters(pernic=True)
+    memory = psutil.virtual_memory()
+    disk = psutil.disk_usage(MOUNTPOINT)
+    load1, load5, load15 = os.getloadavg()
+    connections = state.get('site_to_site')
+    tunnels = vpnrouter_status.site_to_site_tunnels(connections) if isinstance(connections, list) and connections else {}
+    now = time.time()
+    current = {
+        'time': now,
+        'monotonic': time.monotonic(),
+        'system': {
+            'cpu': psutil.cpu_percent(interval=None),
+            'memory_used': memory.total - memory.available,
+            'memory_total': memory.total,
+            'disk_free': disk.free,
+            'disk_total': disk.total,
+            'load1': load1,
+            'load5': load5,
+            'load15': load15,
+        },
+        'counters': {name: (counters[name].bytes_recv, counters[name].bytes_sent) for name in names if name in counters},
+        'clients': clients(state),
+        'rates': {},
+        'tunnels': tunnels or {},
+        'site_to_site': {},
+    }
+    elapsed = current['monotonic'] - previous['monotonic'] if previous is not None else 0
+    if elapsed > 0:
+        for name, (received, sent) in current['counters'].items():
+            if name in previous['counters']:
+                before_received, before_sent = previous['counters'][name]
+                current['rates'][name] = (max(received - before_received, 0) / elapsed, max(sent - before_sent, 0) / elapsed)
+    # A connection's rates need its counters of the previous sample; a counter that went down was rekeyed and counts from zero.
+    for name, tunnel in current['tunnels'].items():
+        before = previous['tunnels'].get(name) if elapsed > 0 else None
+        values = {'up': tunnel['up'], 'uptime': tunnel['uptime']}
+        for value, counter in (('rx', 'bytes_in'), ('tx', 'bytes_out'), ('packets_rx', 'packets_in'), ('packets_tx', 'packets_out')):
+            if before is None:
+                values[value] = None
+            else:
+                count = tunnel[counter]
+                values[value] = (count - before[counter] if count >= before[counter] else count) / elapsed
+        current['site_to_site'][name] = values
+    return current
+
+
+def periods(moment):
+    """The hour, the day, the month and the year of a UTC moment, keyed by the levels of vpnrouter_metrics.LEVELS."""
+    return {'hourly': moment.strftime('%Y-%m-%dT%H'), 'daily': moment.strftime('%Y-%m-%d'),
+            'monthly': moment.strftime('%Y-%m'), 'yearly': moment.strftime('%Y')}
+
+
+def store(cfg, current, done):
+    """Write the sample, summarize the periods the clock has passed and collect the garbage once a day.
+
+    done holds the periods summarized so far, and garbage the day of the last garbage collection;
+    it is updated only for what succeeded.
+    """
+    now = periods(datetime.datetime.now(datetime.timezone.utc))
+    with vpnrouter_metrics.database(cfg) as connection:
+        vpnrouter_metrics.write(connection, current['system'], current['rates'], current['clients'], current['site_to_site'])
+        for level, _, _ in vpnrouter_metrics.LEVELS:
+            if done.get(level) != now[level]:
+                vpnrouter_metrics.summarize(connection, level)
+                done[level] = now[level]
+        if done.get('garbage') != now['daily']:
+            vpnrouter_metrics.collect_garbage(connection, cfg)
+            done['garbage'] = now['daily']
+
+
+def attributes(**values):
+    """OTLP attributes of string values."""
+    return [{'key': key, 'value': {'stringValue': value}} for key, value in values.items()]
+
+
+def otlp_request(current, started):
+    """The OTLP/HTTP JSON ExportMetricsServiceRequest of a sample; started is when the counters were first read, in Unix seconds."""
+    stamp = str(int(current['time'] * 1e9))
+    start = str(int(started * 1e9))
+    system = current['system']
+
+    def gauge(name, unit, points):
+        return {'name': name, 'unit': unit, 'gauge': {'dataPoints': [
+            {'timeUnixNano': stamp, 'asDouble': float(value), 'attributes': attributes(**labels)}
+            for value, labels in points if value is not None]}}
+
+    metrics = [
+        gauge('system.cpu.utilization', '1', [(system['cpu'] / 100, {})]),
+        gauge('system.memory.usage', 'By', [(system['memory_used'], {'state': 'used'})]),
+        gauge('system.memory.limit', 'By', [(system['memory_total'], {})]),
+        gauge('system.filesystem.usage', 'By', [(system['disk_free'], {'mountpoint': MOUNTPOINT, 'state': 'free'}),
+                                               (system['disk_total'] - system['disk_free'], {'mountpoint': MOUNTPOINT, 'state': 'used'})]),
+        gauge('system.filesystem.utilization', '1',
+              [(1 - system['disk_free'] / system['disk_total'] if system['disk_total'] else None, {'mountpoint': MOUNTPOINT})]),
+        gauge('system.cpu.load_average.1m', '{thread}', [(system['load1'], {})]),
+        gauge('system.cpu.load_average.5m', '{thread}', [(system['load5'], {})]),
+        gauge('system.cpu.load_average.15m', '{thread}', [(system['load15'], {})]),
+        gauge('vpn_router.clients', '{client}', [(count, {'kind': kind}) for kind, count in current['clients'].items()]),
+        gauge('vpn_router.site_to_site.up', '1', [(values['up'], {'connection': name})
+                                                 for name, values in current['site_to_site'].items()]),
+        gauge('vpn_router.site_to_site.uptime', 's', [(values['uptime'], {'connection': name})
+                                                     for name, values in current['site_to_site'].items()]),
+        gauge('vpn_router.site_to_site.io', 'By/s', [(values[value], {'connection': name, 'direction': direction})
+                                                    for name, values in current['site_to_site'].items()
+                                                    for value, direction in (('rx', 'receive'), ('tx', 'transmit'))]),
+        gauge('vpn_router.site_to_site.packets', '{packet}/s',
+              [(values[value], {'connection': name, 'direction': direction})
+               for name, values in current['site_to_site'].items()
+               for value, direction in (('packets_rx', 'receive'), ('packets_tx', 'transmit'))]),
+        {'name': 'system.network.io', 'unit': 'By', 'sum': {
+            'aggregationTemporality': 2, 'isMonotonic': True, 'dataPoints': [
+                {'startTimeUnixNano': start, 'timeUnixNano': stamp, 'asInt': str(value),
+                 'attributes': attributes(device=name, direction=direction)}
+                for name, counters in current['counters'].items()
+                for value, direction in zip(counters, ('receive', 'transmit'))]}},
+    ]
+    return {'resourceMetrics': [{
+        'resource': {'attributes': attributes(**{'service.name': 'vpn-router', 'host.name': socket.gethostname()})},
+        'scopeMetrics': [{'scope': {'name': 'vpn-router-metrics'}, 'metrics': metrics}],
+    }]}
+
+
+def push(metrics, current, started):
+    """Push the sample to metrics.otlp_endpoint; raises OSError when the collector does not take it."""
+    request = urllib.request.Request(metrics['otlp_endpoint'], data=json.dumps(otlp_request(current, started)).encode(),
+                                     headers={'Content-Type': 'application/json'}, method='POST')
+    if metrics['otlp_username']:
+        credentials = f"{metrics['otlp_username']}:{metrics['otlp_password']}".encode()
+        request.add_header('Authorization', 'Basic ' + base64.b64encode(credentials).decode())
+    with urllib.request.urlopen(request, timeout=OTLP_TIMEOUT) as response:
+        response.read()
+
+
+def collector_loop():
+    """Take a sample on every minute, store it and push it; every new failure is logged once."""
+    previous, done, reported = None, {}, {}
+    started = time.time()
+    psutil.cpu_percent(interval=None)
+
+    def report(kind, message):
+        if message != reported.get(kind):
+            if message:
+                log(message)
+            elif reported.get(kind):
+                log(f'{kind} works again')
+            reported[kind] = message
+
+    while True:
+        time.sleep(SAMPLE_SECONDS - time.time() % SAMPLE_SECONDS)
+        try:
+            cfg = vpnrouter.load_config()
+        except SystemExit as exc:
+            report('configuration', str(exc.code))
+            continue
+        report('configuration', '')
+        current = sample(previous)
+        previous = current
+        with _latest_lock:
+            _latest['sample'] = current
+        try:
+            store(cfg, current, done)
+            report('database', '')
+        except vpnrouter_metrics.DatabaseError as exc:
+            report('database', str(exc))
+        metrics = cfg['metrics']
+        if metrics['otlp_endpoint']:
+            try:
+                push(metrics, current, started)
+                report('OTLP push', '')
+            except (OSError, ValueError) as exc:
+                report('OTLP push', f"pushing to {metrics['otlp_endpoint']} failed: {exc}")
+
+
+class Sample:
+    """A prometheus_client collector of a sample."""
+
+    def __init__(self, current):
+        self.current = current
+
+    def collect(self):
+        system = self.current['system']
+        yield GaugeMetricFamily('system_cpu_utilization', 'CPU utilization since the previous sample, 0 to 1',
+                                value=system['cpu'] / 100)
+        memory = GaugeMetricFamily('system_memory_usage_bytes', 'Memory in use', labels=['state'])
+        memory.add_metric(['used'], system['memory_used'])
+        yield memory
+        yield GaugeMetricFamily('system_memory_limit_bytes', 'Total memory', value=system['memory_total'])
+        usage = GaugeMetricFamily('system_filesystem_usage_bytes', 'Space of the file system', labels=['mountpoint', 'state'])
+        usage.add_metric([MOUNTPOINT, 'free'], system['disk_free'])
+        usage.add_metric([MOUNTPOINT, 'used'], system['disk_total'] - system['disk_free'])
+        yield usage
+        if system['disk_total']:
+            utilization = GaugeMetricFamily('system_filesystem_utilization', 'Used part of the file system, 0 to 1',
+                                            labels=['mountpoint'])
+            utilization.add_metric([MOUNTPOINT], 1 - system['disk_free'] / system['disk_total'])
+            yield utilization
+        for period in ('1m', '5m', '15m'):
+            yield GaugeMetricFamily(f'system_cpu_load_average_{period}', f'Load average over {period}',
+                                    value=system[f'load{period[:-1]}'])
+        network = CounterMetricFamily('system_network_io_bytes', 'Bytes received and sent', labels=['device', 'direction'])
+        for name, (received, sent) in self.current['counters'].items():
+            network.add_metric([name, 'receive'], received)
+            network.add_metric([name, 'transmit'], sent)
+        yield network
+        vpn = GaugeMetricFamily('vpn_router_clients', 'Connected VPN clients', labels=['kind'])
+        for kind, count in self.current['clients'].items():
+            if count is not None:
+                vpn.add_metric([kind], count)
+        yield vpn
+        tunnels = self.current['site_to_site']
+        up = GaugeMetricFamily('vpn_router_site_to_site_up', 'Whether the site-to-site connection is established, 1 or 0',
+                               labels=['connection'])
+        uptime = GaugeMetricFamily('vpn_router_site_to_site_uptime_seconds', 'Seconds the IKE SA of the site-to-site connection has been up',
+                                   labels=['connection'])
+        io = GaugeMetricFamily('vpn_router_site_to_site_io_bytes_per_second',
+                               'Bytes per second received and sent through the site-to-site connection', labels=['connection', 'direction'])
+        packets = GaugeMetricFamily('vpn_router_site_to_site_packets_per_second',
+                                    'Packets per second received and sent through the site-to-site connection',
+                                    labels=['connection', 'direction'])
+        for name, values in tunnels.items():
+            up.add_metric([name], values['up'])
+            if values['uptime'] is not None:
+                uptime.add_metric([name], values['uptime'])
+            for family, received, sent in ((io, 'rx', 'tx'), (packets, 'packets_rx', 'packets_tx')):
+                for value, direction in ((received, 'receive'), (sent, 'transmit')):
+                    if values[value] is not None:
+                        family.add_metric([name, direction], values[value])
+        yield from (up, uptime, io, packets)
+
+
+def authorized(header, account):
+    """Whether an Authorization header holds the password of the service account; LDAP errors propagate."""
+    if not header.startswith('Basic '):
+        return False
+    try:
+        name, _, password = base64.b64decode(header[6:].strip(), validate=True).decode().partition(':')
+    except ValueError:
+        return False
+    if name != account:
+        return False
+    try:
+        with vpnrouter_users.session() as connection:
+            if not vpnrouter_users.service(vpnrouter_users.entry(connection, name)):
+                return False
+        vpnrouter_users.login(name, password, None)
+    except vpnrouter_users.Failure:
+        return False
+    return True
+
+
+class Handler(BaseHTTPRequestHandler):
+    protocol_version = 'HTTP/1.1'
+
+    def client(self):
+        """The client address: the last X-Forwarded-For entry of a call through Caddy on the loopback address, else the peer."""
+        peer = self.client_address[0]
+        forwarded = self.headers.get('X-Forwarded-For', '')
+        if peer == vpnrouter_net.LOOPBACK and forwarded.strip():
+            return forwarded.split(',')[-1].strip()
+        return peer
+
+    def answer(self, send_body):
+        self.principal = None
+        extra = []
+        path = self.path.split('?', 1)[0]
+        account = str(section(read_json(CONFIG_FILE), 'metrics').get('service_account',
+                                                                       vpnrouter.SCHEMA['metrics']['service_account'])).strip()
+        with _latest_lock:
+            current = _latest['sample']
+        if path != '/metrics':
+            body, kind, code = b'Not found\n', 'text/plain; charset=utf-8', 404
+        elif not account:
+            body, kind, code = b'metrics.service_account is not set\n', 'text/plain; charset=utf-8', 503
+        else:
+            try:
+                allowed = authorized(self.headers.get('Authorization', ''), account)
+            except (ldap.LDAPError, OSError) as exc:
+                allowed = None
+                body, kind, code = f'the user directory failed: {exc}\n'.encode(), 'text/plain; charset=utf-8', 500
+            if allowed is False:
+                body, kind, code = b'Unauthorized\n', 'text/plain; charset=utf-8', 401
+                extra.append(('WWW-Authenticate', 'Basic realm="vpn-router metrics", charset="UTF-8"'))
+            elif allowed:
+                self.principal = account
+                if current is None:
+                    body, kind, code = b'no sample yet\n', 'text/plain; charset=utf-8', 503
+                else:
+                    registry = CollectorRegistry()
+                    registry.register(Sample(current))
+                    body, kind, code = generate_latest(registry), CONTENT_TYPE_LATEST, 200
+        try:
+            self.send_response(code)
+            self.send_header('Content-Type', kind)
+            self.send_header('Content-Length', str(len(body)))
+            self.send_header('Cache-Control', 'no-store')
+            for name, value in extra:
+                self.send_header(name, value)
+            self.end_headers()
+            if send_body:
+                self.wfile.write(body)
+        except ConnectionError:
+            # The client went away before the answer was written.
+            self.close_connection = True
+
+    def do_GET(self):
+        self.answer(True)
+
+    def do_HEAD(self):
+        self.answer(False)
+
+    def log_message(self, format, *args):
+        principal = getattr(self, 'principal', None) or '-'
+        sys.stderr.write('%s - %s [%s] %s\n' % (self.client(), principal, self.log_date_time_string(), format % args))
+
+
+def wanted():
+    """Where the service listens: the addresses of the interfaces metrics.listen names and LOOPBACK, at metrics.port."""
+    configuration = read_json(CONFIG_FILE)
+    metrics = section(configuration, 'metrics')
+    defaults = vpnrouter.SCHEMA['metrics']
+    if metrics.get('enabled', defaults['enabled']) is False:
+        return [], 'metrics are disabled in the configuration'
+    port = metrics.get('port', defaults['port'])
+    if isinstance(port, bool) or not isinstance(port, int) or not 1 <= port <= 65535:
+        port = defaults['port']
+    addresses = vpnrouter_net.listen_addresses(configuration, metrics.get('listen', defaults['listen']))
+    if not addresses:
+        return [], 'the addresses to listen on are not known yet'
+    return [(address, port) for address in [*addresses, vpnrouter_net.LOOPBACK]], ''
+
+
+def main():
+    signal.signal(signal.SIGTERM, lambda *_: sys.exit(0))
+    threading.Thread(target=collector_loop, name='collector', daemon=True).start()
+    try:
+        vpnrouter_serve.serve(wanted, Handler, log, DISCOVERY_SECONDS)
+    except KeyboardInterrupt:
+        pass
+    return 0
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    sys.exit(main())

debian-package/src/usr/lib/vpn-router/openvpn-issuer

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+#!/usr/bin/python3
+"""Accept an OpenVPN client certificate only when the P2S issuing CA signed it.
+
+Run by the OpenVPN server as tls-verify for each certificate of the client's chain, with its depth and subject as the
+arguments. At depth 1, the CA that signed the client's certificate, the SHA-256 fingerprint OpenVPN gives in
+tls_digest_sha256_1 must be that of P2S_CA; the other depths are accepted.
+"""
+
+import hashlib
+import os
+import ssl
+import sys
+
+P2S_CA = '/etc/swanctl/x509ca/p2s.pem'
+
+if len(sys.argv) < 2 or sys.argv[1] != '1':
+    sys.exit(0)
+try:
+    with open(P2S_CA, encoding='ascii') as handle:
+        expected = hashlib.sha256(ssl.PEM_cert_to_DER_cert(handle.read())).hexdigest()
+except (OSError, ValueError):
+    sys.exit(1)
+given = os.environ.get('tls_digest_sha256_1', '').replace(':', '').lower()
+sys.exit(0 if given == expected else 1)

debian-package/src/usr/lib/vpn-router/setup

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ and service reloads. Idempotent - a second run changes nothing.
 
 Until a run has succeeded (SETUP_DONE), every run starts the bootstrap
 services, BOOTSTRAP_UNITS, which show the progress and the failure recorded in
-SETUP_STATE on BOOTSTRAP_PORTS, and the firewall opens those ports on the
+SETUP_STATE on vpnrouter.BOOTSTRAP_PORTS, and the firewall opens those ports on the
 internal interface. The first successful run writes SETUP_DONE, closes the
 ports and stops the bootstrap services; a failed run leaves them running.
 
@@ -21,6 +21,8 @@ import json
 import os
 import pathlib
 import re
+import secrets
+import shutil
 import socket
 import subprocess
 import sys
@@ -31,14 +33,18 @@ sys.path.insert(0, os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__)))
 import ldap
 
 import vpnrouter
+import vpnrouter_auth
+import vpnrouter_dns
 import vpnrouter_ldap
+import vpnrouter_pki
+import vpnrouter_sites
 import vpnrouter_users
-from vpnrouter import fail
+from vpnrouter import fail, warn
 
 BEFORE_RULES = pathlib.Path('/etc/ufw/before.rules')
 UFW_DEFAULTS = pathlib.Path('/etc/default/ufw')
 WG_DIR       = pathlib.Path('/etc/wireguard')
-WEB_STATE    = pathlib.Path('/run/vpn-router/web.json')
+WEB_STATE    = vpnrouter.WEB_STATE
 
 #: The state, the current step and the failure of the last run, which the bootstrap services show.
 SETUP_STATE  = pathlib.Path('/run/vpn-router/setup.json')
@@ -46,18 +52,18 @@ SETUP_STATE  = pathlib.Path('/run/vpn-router/setup.json')
 #: Written once a run has succeeded; until then setup runs the bootstrap services and opens their ports.
 SETUP_DONE   = pathlib.Path('/var/lib/vpn-router/setup.done')
 
-#: The units of the bootstrap services, and their ports: the Router Manager's and the router's.
+#: The units of the bootstrap services, whose ports are vpnrouter.BOOTSTRAP_PORTS.
 BOOTSTRAP_UNITS = ('vpn-router-bootstrap.service', 'vpn-router-manager-bootstrap.service')
-BOOTSTRAP_PORTS = (17080, 17081)
-
-#: The Router Manager, vpn-router-manager, when it is installed, and its settings.
-MANAGER        = pathlib.Path('/usr/lib/vpn-router-manager/manager')
-MANAGER_CONFIG = pathlib.Path('/etc/vpn-router-manager/manager.json')
 
 #: The default admin of the Router Manager, {"username", "password"}, which its package writes from
 #: its debconf answers; setup creates the account and removes the file.
 MANAGER_ADMIN  = pathlib.Path('/etc/vpn-router-manager/admin.json')
-MANAGER_PORT   = 7080
+
+#: The password of the metrics service account, which setup makes and keeps (root only).
+METRICS_SECRET = pathlib.Path('/etc/vpn-router/metrics.secret')
+
+#: The schedule of the backup timer, written from backup.schedule.
+BACKUP_SCHEDULE = pathlib.Path('/etc/systemd/system/vpn-router-backup.timer.d/schedule.conf')
 
 #: The configuration of Caddy, the HTTPS proxy, which the package's drop-in for caddy.service names;
 #: Caddy runs as the user and group CADDY_GROUP, which the caddy package creates.
@@ -65,6 +71,37 @@ CADDYFILE   = pathlib.Path('/etc/caddy/vpn-router.Caddyfile')
 CADDY_UNIT  = 'caddy.service'
 CADDY_GROUP = 'caddy'
 
+#: The unit that installs Caddy from https.caddy_source with vpn-router-caddy, outside setup.
+CADDY_INSTALL_UNIT = 'vpn-router-caddy.service'
+
+#: The certificates and keys of the issuing CAs behind Caddy's ACME server and the sites of tls ca, <name>/cert.pem and
+#: key.pem.
+CADDY_PKI_DIR = pathlib.Path('/etc/caddy/vpn-router-pki')
+
+#: The certificates and keys of the sites of tls file, <site>/cert.pem and key.pem.
+CADDY_SITES_DIR = pathlib.Path('/etc/caddy/vpn-router-sites')
+
+#: The unit of dnsmasq, the resolver of the remote access clients.
+RESOLVER_UNIT = 'vpn-router-resolver.service'
+
+#: The unit of rclone's WebDAV server of the sites' folders.
+WEBDAV_UNIT = 'vpn-router-webdav.service'
+
+#: The unit that installs the packages of a feature with install-packages, outside setup; {} is the feature.
+INSTALL_UNIT = 'vpn-router-install@{}.service'
+
+#: The timer of vpn-router-ca maintain, which keeps the CRLs fresh.
+PKI_TIMER = 'vpn-router-pki.timer'
+
+#: The system's side of console login (vpnrouter_users.console): nslcd's configuration, which serves the posixAccounts
+#: of the directory with console login on, the name service switch, the sudo rule of their group, and the drop-in of
+#: sshd that lets them sign in with their password while ssh.ldap_login is true.
+NSLCD_CONF = pathlib.Path('/etc/nslcd.conf')
+NSSWITCH = pathlib.Path('/etc/nsswitch.conf')
+SUDOERS = pathlib.Path('/etc/sudoers.d/vpn-router')
+SSHD_DROPIN = pathlib.Path('/etc/ssh/sshd_config.d/vpn-router.conf')
+PAM_SESSION = pathlib.Path('/etc/pam.d/common-session')
+
 FILTER_ANCHOR = '# End required lines'
 
 #: Configuration options left out wherever the configuration is shown.
@@ -79,6 +116,9 @@ BLOCKS = (
     ('# BOOTSTRAP RULES START',     '# BOOTSTRAP RULES END'),
     ('# MANAGER RULES START',       '# MANAGER RULES END'),
     ('# HTTPS RULES START',         '# HTTPS RULES END'),
+    ('# METRICS RULES START',       '# METRICS RULES END'),
+    ('# SITES RULES START',         '# SITES RULES END'),
+    ('# DNS RULES START',           '# DNS RULES END'),
     ('# ROUTER FORWARD RULES START', '# ROUTER FORWARD RULES END'),
     ('# ROUTER NAT RULES START',    '# ROUTER NAT RULES END'),
     ('# ROUTER MSS RULES START',    '# ROUTER MSS RULES END'),
@@ -166,15 +206,6 @@ def is_configured(ctx):
                 vpnrouter.openvpn_ready(ctx)))
 
 
-def manager_port():
-    """The port of the Router Manager: port in its settings, or MANAGER_PORT when it is not set or not a port."""
-    try:
-        port = json.loads(MANAGER_CONFIG.read_text(encoding='utf-8')).get('port')
-    except (OSError, ValueError, AttributeError):
-        return MANAGER_PORT
-    return port if isinstance(port, int) and not isinstance(port, bool) and 1 <= port <= 65535 else MANAGER_PORT
-
-
 def filter_block(ctx):
     lines = [
         '',
@@ -212,18 +243,20 @@ def filter_block(ctx):
         lines += ['# OPENVPN RULES END']
 
     pools = [pool for ready, pool in ((vpnrouter.p2s_ready(ctx), ctx['p2s_address_pool']),
-                                      (vpnrouter.openvpn_ready(ctx), ctx['openvpn_pool'])) if ready]
-    if pools and ctx['local_addr_list']:
+                                      (vpnrouter.openvpn_ready(ctx), ctx['openvpn_pool']),
+                                      (vpnrouter.wg_ready(ctx), ctx['wg_network'])) if ready]
+    # The remote access clients' resolver answers on the addresses of p2s.dns_listen.
+    if pools and ctx['p2s_resolver_addrs']:
         lines += ['', '# P2S DNS RULES START']
         for pool in pools:
-            for address in ctx['local_addr_list']:
+            for address in ctx['p2s_resolver_addrs']:
                 lines += [
                     f'-A ufw-before-input -s {pool} -d {address} -p udp --dport 53 -j ACCEPT',
                     f'-A ufw-before-input -s {pool} -d {address} -p tcp --dport 53 -j ACCEPT',
                 ]
         lines += ['# P2S DNS RULES END']
 
-    # The web service and the Router Manager choose their interfaces themselves, so their ports are open on both.
+    # The web service, the Router Manager and the metrics service choose their interfaces themselves, so their ports are open on both.
     interfaces = [name for name in (ctx['int_iface'], ctx['wan_iface']) if name]
     if ctx['web_enabled'] and interfaces:
         lines += [
@@ -237,12 +270,13 @@ def filter_block(ctx):
         lines += [
             '',
             '# BOOTSTRAP RULES START',
-            *(f'-A ufw-before-input -i {ctx["int_iface"]} -p tcp --dport {port} -j ACCEPT' for port in BOOTSTRAP_PORTS),
+            *(f'-A ufw-before-input -i {ctx["int_iface"]} -p tcp --dport {port} -j ACCEPT'
+              for port in vpnrouter.BOOTSTRAP_PORTS),
             '# BOOTSTRAP RULES END',
         ]
 
-    if MANAGER.exists() and interfaces:
-        port = manager_port()
+    if vpnrouter.MANAGER.exists() and interfaces:
+        port = vpnrouter.manager_port()
         lines += [
             '',
             '# MANAGER RULES START',
@@ -250,19 +284,60 @@ def filter_block(ctx):
             '# MANAGER RULES END',
         ]
 
-    # Let's Encrypt reaches the HTTP challenge on the external interface; the HTTPS ports are open on both.
+    if vpnrouter.metrics_ready(ctx) and interfaces:
+        lines += [
+            '',
+            '# METRICS RULES START',
+            *(f'-A ufw-before-input -i {name} -p tcp --dport {ctx["metrics_port"]} -j ACCEPT' for name in interfaces),
+            '# METRICS RULES END',
+        ]
+
+    # Let's Encrypt reaches the HTTP challenge on the external interface, and the CA files published on port 80 are
+    # read on both; the HTTPS ports are open on both.
     if vpnrouter.https_ready(ctx) and interfaces:
-        ports = [port for wanted, port in ((ctx['web_enabled'], ctx['https_web_port']),
-                                           (MANAGER.exists(), ctx['https_manager_port'])) if wanted]
+        publish = ctx['pki_publish']
+        ports = [port for wanted, port in ((ctx['web_enabled'] or 'https' in publish or ctx['pki_acme'],
+                                            ctx['https_web_port']),
+                                           (vpnrouter.MANAGER.exists(), ctx['https_manager_port']),
+                                           (vpnrouter.metrics_ready(ctx), ctx['metrics_https_port']),
+                                           (vpnrouter.webdav_ready(ctx), ctx['webdav_port']),
+                                           ('http-80' in publish, vpnrouter.ACME_HTTP_PORT),
+                                           ('https-default' in publish, vpnrouter.HTTPS_DEFAULT_PORT)) if wanted]
         lines += [
             '',
             '# HTTPS RULES START',
             *([f'-A ufw-before-input -i {ctx["wan_iface"]} -p tcp --dport {vpnrouter.ACME_HTTP_PORT} -j ACCEPT']
-              if ctx['wan_iface'] else []),
+              if ctx['wan_iface'] and 'http-80' not in publish else []),
             *(f'-A ufw-before-input -i {name} -p tcp --dport {port} -j ACCEPT' for name in interfaces for port in ports),
             '# HTTPS RULES END',
         ]
 
+    # Each site's port is open on the interfaces of its listen; a site with a certificate of Let's Encrypt needs the HTTP
+    # challenge on the external interface.
+    by_listen = {'internal': [ctx['int_iface']], 'external': [ctx['wan_iface']],
+                 'both': [ctx['int_iface'], ctx['wan_iface']]}
+    sites = ctx['sites'] or []
+    rules = sorted({(name, site['port']) for site in sites for name in by_listen[site['listen']] if name})
+    if ctx['wan_iface'] and any(site['tls'] == 'acme' for site in sites):
+        rules = sorted(set(rules) | {(ctx['wan_iface'], vpnrouter.ACME_HTTP_PORT)})
+    if rules:
+        lines += [
+            '',
+            '# SITES RULES START',
+            *(f'-A ufw-before-input -i {name} -p tcp --dport {port} -j ACCEPT' for name, port in rules),
+            '# SITES RULES END',
+        ]
+
+    dns_interfaces = [name for name in by_listen[ctx['dns_listen']] if name] if vpnrouter.dns_ready(ctx) else []
+    if dns_interfaces:
+        lines += [
+            '',
+            '# DNS RULES START',
+            *(f'-A ufw-before-input -i {name} -p {protocol} --dport 53 -j ACCEPT'
+              for name in dns_interfaces for protocol in ('udp', 'tcp')),
+            '# DNS RULES END',
+        ]
+
     if vpnrouter.routing_ready(ctx):
         lines += ['', '# ROUTER FORWARD RULES START']
         for subnet in ctx['local_cidr_list']:
@@ -280,7 +355,6 @@ def nat_and_mangle_block(ctx):
 
     if vpnrouter.routing_ready(ctx):
         subnets = ctx['local_cidr_list']
-        remote = ctx['remote_cidr_list']
         lines += [
             '',
             '# ROUTER NAT RULES START',
@@ -288,11 +362,14 @@ def nat_and_mangle_block(ctx):
             ':POSTROUTING ACCEPT [0:0]',
             '-F POSTROUTING',
         ]
-        # Every RETURN precedes every MASQUERADE, so tunnel-bound traffic
-        # escapes NAT whichever local subnet it came from.
-        for subnet in subnets:
-            for cidr in remote:
-                lines.append(f'-A POSTROUTING -s {subnet} -d {cidr} -j RETURN')
+        # Every RETURN precedes every MASQUERADE, so traffic bound for a tunnel
+        # escapes NAT; each ready connection pairs its local and remote subnets.
+        for connection in ctx['connections']:
+            if not connection['ready']:
+                continue
+            for subnet in connection['local_cidr_list']:
+                for cidr in connection['remote_cidr_list']:
+                    lines.append(f'-A POSTROUTING -s {subnet} -d {cidr} -j RETURN')
         for subnet in subnets:
             lines.append(
                 f'-A POSTROUTING -s {subnet} -o {ctx["wan_iface"]} -j MASQUERADE')
@@ -439,6 +516,148 @@ def manage_admin():
     return ''
 
 
+def manage_metrics_account(ctx):
+    """Keep the service account metrics.service_account names, whose password is in METRICS_SECRET; the problem, or ''.
+
+    While metrics are enabled, setup owns the account, an internal service account: it adds it as a service account
+    with a random password and the labels of vpnrouter_users.internal_accounts when it is missing, sets those labels
+    when they differ, and gives it a new random password, ending any lockout, when METRICS_SECRET is missing or does
+    not hold its password. The password of a disabled account is left as it is. An account of that name that is not a
+    service account is left alone and is a problem.
+    """
+    if not vpnrouter.metrics_ready(ctx):
+        return ''
+    name = ctx['metrics_service_account']
+    wanted = vpnrouter_users.internal_accounts().get(name, {})
+    try:
+        vpnrouter_users.check_name(name)
+        try:
+            password = METRICS_SECRET.read_text(encoding='utf-8').strip()
+        except OSError:
+            password = ''
+        with vpnrouter_users.session() as connection:
+            try:
+                current = vpnrouter_users.entry(connection, name)
+            except vpnrouter_users.Failure as failure:
+                if failure.status != 3:
+                    raise
+                current = None
+            if current is not None and not vpnrouter_users.service(current):
+                return f'metrics.service_account: {name} is a user, not a service account'
+            if current is not None and any(vpnrouter_users.summary(current)[key] != value for key, value in wanted.items()):
+                vpnrouter_users.update_service(connection, name, wanted)
+            # An administrator who disabled the account meant it; its password is left as it is.
+            if current is not None and not vpnrouter_users.summary(current)['enabled']:
+                return ''
+            valid = False
+            if current is not None and password:
+                try:
+                    vpnrouter_users.login(name, password, None)
+                    valid = True
+                except vpnrouter_users.Failure:
+                    pass
+            if not valid:
+                password = secrets.token_urlsafe(32)
+                METRICS_SECRET.touch(mode=0o600)
+                METRICS_SECRET.chmod(0o600)
+                METRICS_SECRET.write_text(password + '\n', encoding='utf-8')
+                if current is None:
+                    vpnrouter_users.add(connection, name, password, wanted, service=True)
+                else:
+                    vpnrouter_users.passwd(connection, name, password)
+                    vpnrouter_users.unlock(connection, name)
+    except (OSError, ldap.LDAPError, vpnrouter_users.Failure) as exc:
+        return f'the metrics service account cannot be kept: {exc}'
+    return ''
+
+
+def write_if_changed(path, text, mode=0o644):
+    """Write the file when its content differs; whether it was written."""
+    try:
+        if path.read_text(encoding='utf-8') == text:
+            return False
+    except OSError:
+        pass
+    path.write_text(text, encoding='utf-8')
+    path.chmod(mode)
+    return True
+
+
+def manage_console(cfg):
+    """Make the system serve console login; the problem, or ''.
+
+    The local group vpnrouter_ldap.CONSOLE_GROUP is created when missing, and sudo lets its members run any command
+    with their password. nslcd serves the directory's posixAccounts with console login on through the local socket,
+    and checks their passwords by binding as the user; the passwd line of the name service switch gains ldap, which
+    restarts the web service, and PAM creates a home at the first login. While ssh.ldap_login is true, sshd accepts the password of the group's members;
+    a drop-in sshd -t refuses is removed again.
+    """
+    group = vpnrouter_ldap.CONSOLE_GROUP
+    try:
+        grp.getgrnam(group)
+    except KeyError:
+        result = run(['groupadd', '--system', group], check=False)
+        if result.returncode != 0:
+            return f'the group {group} cannot be created: {result.stderr.strip()}'
+
+    rule = f'%{group} ALL=(ALL:ALL) ALL\n'
+    try:
+        if not SUDOERS.is_file() or SUDOERS.read_text(encoding='utf-8') != rule:
+            staged = SUDOERS.with_name('.vpn-router.new')
+            staged.write_text(rule, encoding='utf-8')
+            staged.chmod(0o440)
+            checked = run(['visudo', '-cf', str(staged)], check=False)
+            if checked.returncode != 0:
+                staged.unlink()
+                return f'the sudo rule of {group} is refused: {checked.stdout.strip()} {checked.stderr.strip()}'
+            staged.replace(SUDOERS)
+
+        uri = 'ldapi://' + vpnrouter_ldap.SLAPD_SOCKET.replace('/', '%2f') + '/'
+        nslcd = '\n'.join([
+            'uid nslcd',
+            'gid nslcd',
+            f'uri {uri}',
+            f'base {vpnrouter_ldap.BASE}',
+            'filter passwd (&(objectClass=posixAccount)(vpnRouterConsoleLogin=TRUE))',
+            f'nss_min_uid {vpnrouter_ldap.CONSOLE_UID_MIN}',
+            'pam_authz_search (&(objectClass=posixAccount)(objectClass=oathTOTPUser)(uid=$username)(vpnRouterConsoleLogin=TRUE))',
+            'pam_password_prohibit_message The password is changed in the Router Manager or with vpn-router-user.',
+            '',
+        ])
+        if write_if_changed(NSLCD_CONF, nslcd, 0o640) or not unit_is_active('nslcd'):
+            os.chown(NSLCD_CONF, 0, grp.getgrnam('nslcd').gr_gid)
+            run(['systemctl', 'enable', 'nslcd'], check=False)
+            run(['systemctl', 'restart', 'nslcd'], check=False)
+
+        lines = NSSWITCH.read_text(encoding='utf-8').splitlines(keepends=True)
+        switched = [line.rstrip('\n') + ' ldap\n' if line.startswith('passwd:') and 'ldap' not in line.split() else line
+                    for line in lines]
+        if switched != lines:
+            NSSWITCH.write_text(''.join(switched), encoding='utf-8')
+            # A running process keeps the name service switch it read first, so the web service's shell would not find
+            # the console accounts of the directory until it restarts.
+            run(['systemctl', 'try-restart', 'vpn-router-web.service'], check=False)
+
+        if 'pam_mkhomedir' not in PAM_SESSION.read_text(encoding='utf-8'):
+            run(['pam-auth-update', '--enable', 'mkhomedir'], check=False)
+
+        if cfg['ssh']['ldap_login']:
+            changed = write_if_changed(SSHD_DROPIN, f'Match Group {group}\n    PasswordAuthentication yes\n')
+        else:
+            changed = SSHD_DROPIN.exists()
+            SSHD_DROPIN.unlink(missing_ok=True)
+        if changed:
+            checked = run(['sshd', '-t'], check=False)
+            if checked.returncode != 0:
+                SSHD_DROPIN.unlink(missing_ok=True)
+                return f'sshd refuses {SSHD_DROPIN}: {checked.stderr.strip()}'
+            if unit_is_active('ssh'):
+                run(['systemctl', 'reload', 'ssh'], check=False)
+    except (OSError, KeyError) as exc:
+        return f'console login cannot be set up: {exc}'
+    return ''
+
+
 def manage_openvpn(ctx, changed):
     """Run the OpenVPN server when it is configured, and stop it when it is not."""
     unit = 'openvpn-server@vpn-router'
@@ -454,32 +673,232 @@ def manage_openvpn(ctx, changed):
         run(['systemctl', 'restart', unit], check=False)
 
 
-def manage_caddy(ctx):
-    """Run Caddy, the HTTPS proxy of the web service and the Router Manager, while HTTPS is ready, and stop it when not.
+def caddy_address(host, port, tls):
+    """The address of a site block of the Caddyfile: the host, an IPv6 address in brackets, and the port, with http://
+    for a plain HTTP site; no host answers any name."""
+    host = f'[{host}]' if ':' in host else host
+    return f'{"http://" if tls == "none" else ""}{host}:{port}'
 
-    CADDYFILE serves the web service on https.web_port and, while the manager is installed, the
-    manager on https.manager_port, both for wan.local_fqdn with a certificate from Let's Encrypt,
-    and both calling the service on its loopback address.
+
+def manage_resolver(changed):
+    """Run dnsmasq, the resolver of the remote access clients, while configure wrote its configuration, restarting it when
+    that changed, and stop it when not. It starts after systemd-resolved has left the addresses it takes."""
+    if not vpnrouter.RESOLVER_CONF.exists():
+        if unit_is_active(RESOLVER_UNIT):
+            run(['systemctl', 'disable', '--now', RESOLVER_UNIT], check=False)
+        return
+    if not unit_is_active(RESOLVER_UNIT):
+        run(['systemctl', 'enable', '--now', RESOLVER_UNIT], check=False)
+    elif 'resolver' in changed:
+        run(['systemctl', 'restart', RESOLVER_UNIT], check=False)
+
+
+def manage_caddy(cfg, ctx):
+    """Run Caddy, the HTTPS proxy of the router's services and the server of the web sites, while either is wanted, and
+    stop it when not.
+
+    While HTTPS is ready, CADDYFILE serves the web service on https.web_port, while the manager is installed the
+    manager on https.manager_port, while metrics are enabled the metrics service on metrics.https_port, and while
+    WebDAV is ready WebDAV on sites.webdav_port, all for wan.local_fqdn with a certificate from Let's Encrypt, and all
+    calling the service on its loopback address. It also serves the CA files of vpnrouter_pki.PUBLISH_DIR at /pki/ on
+    the endpoints of pki.publish that are Caddy's, and an ACME server at /acme/<name>/ on https.web_port for each
+    issuing CA with acme and a certificate.
+
+    It serves each site of ctx's sites from its folder, with the TLS of the site: an issuing CA of tls ca issues its
+    certificates, and the certificate and key of tls file are written to CADDY_SITES_DIR/<name>. The certificates and
+    keys of the issuing CAs of both are copied to CADDY_PKI_DIR. While the sites cannot be read (ctx's sites is None),
+    the Caddyfile is left as it is.
+
+    Caddy is installed by CADDY_INSTALL_UNIT, outside setup, when it is missing or when
+    https.caddy_source is upstream and Caddy's repository is not configured; the unit restarts
+    setup, whose next run serves with it.
     """
-    if not vpnrouter.https_ready(ctx):
+    sites = ctx['sites']
+    if not vpnrouter.https_ready(ctx) and not sites:
+        if sites is None:
+            return
         vpnrouter.remove(CADDYFILE)
         if unit_is_active(CADDY_UNIT):
             run(['systemctl', 'disable', '--now', CADDY_UNIT], check=False)
         return
 
+    source = cfg['https']['caddy_source']
+    if shutil.which('caddy') is None or (source == 'upstream' and not vpnrouter.CADDY_APT_SOURCE.is_file()):
+        run(['systemctl', 'start', '--no-block', CADDY_INSTALL_UNIT], check=False)
+        warn(f'Caddy is installed from the {source} source by {CADDY_INSTALL_UNIT}, which runs setup again')
+        return
+    if source == 'ubuntu' and vpnrouter.CADDY_APT_SOURCE.is_file():
+        warn("https.caddy_source ubuntu is ignored: Caddy's repository is configured, and Caddy stays upstream's")
+
+    if sites is None:
+        warn('the web sites cannot be read; the Caddyfile is left as it is')
+        if not unit_is_active(CADDY_UNIT) and CADDYFILE.exists():
+            run(['systemctl', 'enable', '--now', CADDY_UNIT], check=False)
+        return
     try:
         group = grp.getgrnam(CADDY_GROUP).gr_gid
     except KeyError:
         fail(f'the group {CADDY_GROUP} does not exist; is the caddy package installed?')
-    caddy_ctx = dict(ctx, manager_port=manager_port() if MANAGER.exists() else 0)
+    https = vpnrouter.https_ready(ctx)
+    wanted = list(dict.fromkeys([*(ctx['pki_acme'] if https else []),
+                                 *(site['ca'] for site in sites if site['tls'] == 'ca')]))
+    try:
+        credentials = {name: vpnrouter_pki.authority_files(name) for name in wanted}
+    except ldap.LDAPError as exc:
+        warn(f'the ACME servers and the sites of issuing CAs are left out: the PKI cannot be read: {exc}')
+        credentials = {}
+    authorities = [name for name, files in credentials.items() if files is not None]
+    for site in sites:
+        if site['tls'] == 'ca' and site['ca'] not in authorities:
+            warn(f'site {site["name"]} is left out: issuing CA {site["ca"]} has no certificate')
+    sites = [site for site in sites if site['tls'] != 'ca' or site['ca'] in authorities]
+    copied = False
+    for folder in (CADDY_PKI_DIR.iterdir() if CADDY_PKI_DIR.is_dir() else []):
+        if folder.name not in authorities:
+            shutil.rmtree(folder)
+    for name in authorities:
+        folder = CADDY_PKI_DIR / name
+        for path in (CADDY_PKI_DIR, folder):
+            path.mkdir(mode=0o750, exist_ok=True)
+            os.chown(path, 0, group)
+        for file, data in zip(('cert.pem', 'key.pem'), credentials[name]):
+            copied |= vpnrouter_pki.write(folder / file, data, 0o640)
+            os.chown(folder / file, 0, group)
+    files = {site['name']: site for site in sites if site['tls'] == 'file'}
+    for folder in (CADDY_SITES_DIR.iterdir() if CADDY_SITES_DIR.is_dir() else []):
+        if folder.name not in files:
+            shutil.rmtree(folder)
+    for name, site in files.items():
+        folder = CADDY_SITES_DIR / name
+        for path in (CADDY_SITES_DIR, folder):
+            path.mkdir(mode=0o750, exist_ok=True)
+            os.chown(path, 0, group)
+        for file, data in (('cert.pem', site['certificate']), ('key.pem', site['private_key'])):
+            copied |= vpnrouter_pki.write(folder / file, data.strip().encode() + b'\n', 0o640)
+            os.chown(folder / file, 0, group)
+    vpnrouter_sites.ensure_folders(site['name'] for site in sites)
+    names = vpnrouter.issuing_cas(cfg)
+    caddy_ctx = dict(ctx, https=https, manager_port=vpnrouter.manager_port() if vpnrouter.MANAGER.exists() else 0,
+                     pki_publish_dir=str(vpnrouter_pki.PUBLISH_DIR),
+                     pki_cas=[{'id': name, 'name': names[name]['name'].strip(),
+                               'cert': str(CADDY_PKI_DIR / name / 'cert.pem'),
+                               'key': str(CADDY_PKI_DIR / name / 'key.pem')} for name in authorities],
+                     acme_cas=[name for name in authorities if https and name in ctx['pki_acme']],
+                     webdav=vpnrouter.webdav_ready(ctx), webdav_loopback_port=vpnrouter.WEBDAV_LOOPBACK_PORT,
+                     sites=[{'name': site['name'], 'tls': site['tls'], 'ca': site['ca'], 'spa': site['spa'],
+                             'index': site['index_file'], 'root': str(vpnrouter_sites.SITES_DIR / site['name']),
+                             'addresses': [caddy_address(host, site['port'], site['tls']) for host in site['hosts']]
+                             or [caddy_address('', site['port'], site['tls'])],
+                             'cert': str(CADDY_SITES_DIR / site['name'] / 'cert.pem'),
+                             'key': str(CADDY_SITES_DIR / site['name'] / 'key.pem')} for site in sites])
     changed = vpnrouter.render(vpnrouter._jinja_env(), caddy_ctx, 'Caddyfile.j2', CADDYFILE, 0o640)
     os.chown(CADDYFILE, 0, group)
     if not unit_is_active(CADDY_UNIT):
         run(['systemctl', 'enable', '--now', CADDY_UNIT], check=False)
-    elif changed:
+    elif changed or copied:
         run(['systemctl', 'reload', CADDY_UNIT], check=False)
 
 
+def install_packages(feature):
+    """Start the installation of the packages of a feature by INSTALL_UNIT, which runs setup again, and say so."""
+    unit = INSTALL_UNIT.format(feature)
+    run(['systemctl', 'start', '--no-block', unit], check=False)
+    warn(f'the packages of {feature} are installed by {unit}, which runs setup again')
+
+
+def manage_webdav(ctx):
+    """Run rclone's WebDAV server of the sites' folders while WebDAV is ready, and stop it when not; rclone is installed
+    when it is missing."""
+    if not vpnrouter.webdav_ready(ctx):
+        if unit_is_active(WEBDAV_UNIT):
+            run(['systemctl', 'disable', '--now', WEBDAV_UNIT], check=False)
+        return
+    if shutil.which('rclone') is None:
+        install_packages('webdav')
+        return
+    vpnrouter_sites.ensure_folders([])
+    run(['systemctl', 'enable', '--now', WEBDAV_UNIT], check=False)
+
+
+def manage_dns(cfg, ctx):
+    """Run PowerDNS, the primary name server of the domains of vpnrouter_dns, on the addresses of dns.listen while DNS
+    is enabled, and stop it when not; its packages are installed when they are missing.
+
+    The settings, vpnrouter_dns.PDNS_CONF, are written before the packages are installed, so the server their
+    installation starts answers on those addresses only, beside systemd-resolved's stub on 127.0.0.53. The domains
+    with site records get the host names of the enabled sites, and keep those they have while the sites cannot be read.
+    """
+    if not vpnrouter.dns_ready(ctx):
+        if unit_is_active(vpnrouter_dns.UNIT):
+            run(['systemctl', 'disable', '--now', vpnrouter_dns.UNIT], check=False)
+        vpnrouter.remove(vpnrouter_dns.PDNS_CONF)
+        if vpnrouter_dns.DATABASE_SECRET.is_file():
+            try:
+                vpnrouter_dns.apply(cfg, [])
+            except vpnrouter_dns.DatabaseError as exc:
+                warn(str(exc))
+        return
+    addresses = {'internal': [ctx['int_addr']], 'external': ctx['local_addr_list'],
+                 'both': [ctx['int_addr'], *ctx['local_addr_list']]}[ctx['dns_listen']]
+    addresses = [address for address in addresses if address]
+    if not addresses:
+        warn(f'the name server does not run: the interfaces of dns.listen {ctx["dns_listen"]} have no address')
+        return
+    try:
+        vpnrouter_auth.provision_database(vpnrouter_dns.DATABASE, vpnrouter_dns.DATABASE_SECRET)
+        vpnrouter_dns.PDNS_CONF.parent.mkdir(mode=0o755, parents=True, exist_ok=True)
+        changed = write_if_changed(vpnrouter_dns.PDNS_CONF, vpnrouter_dns.config_text(addresses), 0o640)
+        if not vpnrouter_dns.PDNS_SERVER.exists() or not vpnrouter_dns.PDNS_SCHEMA.exists():
+            install_packages('dns')
+            return
+        os.chown(vpnrouter_dns.PDNS_CONF, 0, grp.getgrnam(vpnrouter_dns.GROUP).gr_gid)
+        vpnrouter_dns.provision()
+        if ctx['sites'] is not None:
+            vpnrouter_dns.apply(cfg, [host for site in ctx['sites'] for host in site['hosts']])
+    except (OSError, KeyError, vpnrouter_dns.DatabaseError) as exc:
+        warn(f'the name server cannot be set up: {exc}')
+        return
+    if not unit_is_active(vpnrouter_dns.UNIT):
+        run(['systemctl', 'enable', '--now', vpnrouter_dns.UNIT], check=False)
+    elif changed:
+        run(['systemctl', 'restart', vpnrouter_dns.UNIT], check=False)
+
+
+def manage_metrics(ctx):
+    """Run the metrics service while metrics are enabled, and stop it when not.
+
+    The service reads its settings itself, so it is restarted only to run the code of a new package version, which
+    every run of setup after an upgrade does.
+    """
+    unit = 'vpn-router-metrics.service'
+    if not vpnrouter.metrics_ready(ctx):
+        run(['systemctl', 'disable', '--now', unit], check=False)
+        return
+    run(['systemctl', 'enable', unit], check=False)
+    run(['systemctl', 'restart', unit], check=False)
+
+
+def manage_backup(cfg):
+    """Run the backup timer on backup.schedule while backups are enabled, and stop it when not.
+
+    The schedule is a drop-in of the timer, BACKUP_SCHEDULE, which replaces the OnCalendar of the shipped unit.
+    """
+    unit = 'vpn-router-backup.timer'
+    if not cfg['backup']['enabled']:
+        run(['systemctl', 'disable', '--now', unit], check=False)
+        if BACKUP_SCHEDULE.exists():
+            BACKUP_SCHEDULE.unlink()
+            run(['systemctl', 'daemon-reload'], check=False)
+        return
+    text = f'[Timer]\nOnCalendar=\nOnCalendar={cfg["backup"]["schedule"]}\n'
+    if not BACKUP_SCHEDULE.exists() or BACKUP_SCHEDULE.read_text(encoding='utf-8') != text:
+        BACKUP_SCHEDULE.parent.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
+        BACKUP_SCHEDULE.write_text(text, encoding='utf-8')
+        run(['systemctl', 'daemon-reload'], check=False)
+        run(['systemctl', 'restart', unit], check=False)
+    run(['systemctl', 'enable', '--now', unit], check=False)
+
+
 def run_platform_setup(cfg, ctx):
     """Let the platform module apply its own state, if it defines any."""
     module = vpnrouter.platform_module(cfg)
@@ -511,31 +930,38 @@ def refresh_web(cfg, ctx):
     the configuration without its secret options and the facts resolved from
     the system, which it cannot work out with the standard library alone. The
     file is readable by root only. The service follows a changed address or
-    port itself.
+    port itself. Secret options are left out at every level, so also from each
+    site-to-site connection.
     """
-    public = {
-        section: {option: value for option, value in options.items() if not SECRET_OPTION.search(option)}
-        for section, options in cfg.items()
-    }
+    def public(options):
+        return {option: public(value) if isinstance(value, dict) else value
+                for option, value in options.items()
+                if isinstance(value, dict) or not SECRET_OPTION.search(option)}
+
     WEB_STATE.parent.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
     WEB_STATE.touch(mode=0o600)
     WEB_STATE.chmod(0o600)
     WEB_STATE.write_text(json.dumps({
-        'site_to_site': bool(vpnrouter.s2s_ready(ctx)),
+        'site_to_site': [connection['name'] for connection in ctx['connections'] if connection['ready']],
         'p2s': bool(vpnrouter.p2s_ready(ctx)),
         'wireguard': bool(vpnrouter.wg_ready(ctx)),
         'openvpn': bool(vpnrouter.openvpn_ready(ctx)),
-        'configuration': public,
+        'configuration': public(cfg),
         'network': {
             'external_interface': ctx['wan_iface'],
             'internal_interface': ctx['int_iface'],
             'external_addresses': ctx['local_addr_list'],
             'internal_address': ctx['int_addr'],
             'internal_gateway': ctx['int_gateway_ip'],
-            'local_identity': ctx['local_id'],
-            'remote_identity': ctx['remote_id'],
             'local_cidrs': ctx['local_cidr_list'],
-            'remote_cidrs': ctx['remote_cidr_list'],
+            'client_dns': ctx['p2s_resolver_addrs'] if vpnrouter.RESOLVER_CONF.exists() else [],
+            'site_to_site': [{
+                'name': connection['name'],
+                'local_identity': connection['local_id'],
+                'remote_identity': connection['remote_id'],
+                'local_cidrs': connection['local_cidr_list'],
+                'remote_cidrs': connection['remote_cidr_list'],
+            } for connection in ctx['connections']],
         },
     }) + '\n', encoding='utf-8')
 
@@ -574,24 +1000,39 @@ def main():
     start_bootstrap()
     progress('running', 'configuration')
     cfg = vpnrouter.load_config()
-    ctx, changed = vpnrouter.configure(cfg)
-
-    if ctx is None:
+    if vpnrouter.deferred(cfg):
         print('vpn-router: platform is none, configuration deferred; '
               f'set general.platform in {vpnrouter.CONFIG_FILE}')
         progress('deferred', 'configuration', f'general.platform is none; set it in {vpnrouter.CONFIG_FILE}')
         return 0
 
+    # The directory holds the PKI, which the configuration needs; its problem ends setup only after every other step.
+    failed_step = 'user directory'
+    progress('running', failed_step)
+    problem = manage_directory()
+    progress('running', 'configuration')
+    ctx, changed = vpnrouter.configure(cfg)
+
     progress('running', 'routes')
     if vpnrouter.routing_ready(ctx):
         apply_routes(ctx)
 
-    if ctx['local_id_mode'] == 'public_ip' and ctx['local_fqdn']:
+    if ctx['local_fqdn'] and any(connection['local_id_mode'] == 'public_ip' for connection in ctx['connections']):
         progress('running', 'public address')
         address = resolve_public_ip(ctx['local_fqdn'])
-        ctx, more = vpnrouter.configure(cfg, local_id_override=address)
+        ctx, more = vpnrouter.configure(cfg, public_ip=address)
         changed |= more
 
+    # The enabled sites while sites are on, None while they cannot be read.
+    ctx['sites'] = []
+    if cfg['sites']['enabled']:
+        progress('running', 'web sites')
+        try:
+            ctx['sites'] = vpnrouter_sites.served()
+        except vpnrouter_sites.DatabaseError as exc:
+            warn(str(exc))
+            ctx['sites'] = None
+
     progress('running', 'WireGuard keys')
     setup_wireguard(ctx)
 
@@ -613,22 +1054,34 @@ def main():
     progress('running', 'WireGuard')
     manage_wireguard(ctx, changed)
 
-    # The tunnels are up before the directory and the admin, whose problem ends setup only after every other step.
-    failed_step = 'user directory'
-    progress('running', failed_step)
-    problem = manage_directory()
     if not problem:
         failed_step = 'Router Manager admin'
         progress('running', failed_step)
         problem = manage_admin()
+    if not problem:
+        failed_step = 'metrics service account'
+        progress('running', failed_step)
+        problem = manage_metrics_account(ctx)
+    if not problem:
+        failed_step = 'console login'
+        progress('running', failed_step)
+        problem = manage_console(cfg)
     progress('running', 'OpenVPN')
     manage_openvpn(ctx, changed)
     progress('running', 'HTTPS proxy')
-    manage_caddy(ctx)
+    manage_caddy(cfg, ctx)
+    progress('running', 'WebDAV')
+    manage_webdav(ctx)
+    progress('running', 'name server')
+    manage_dns(cfg, ctx)
+    progress('running', 'PKI timer')
+    run(['systemctl', 'enable', '--now', PKI_TIMER], check=False)
 
     if 'resolved' in changed:
         progress('running', 'resolver')
         run(['systemctl', 'restart', 'systemd-resolved'], check=False)
+    progress('running', 'resolver of the remote access clients')
+    manage_resolver(changed)
 
     progress('running', 'platform module')
     run_platform_setup(cfg, ctx)
@@ -636,6 +1089,10 @@ def main():
     refresh_docker_rules()
     progress('running', 'web service state')
     refresh_web(cfg, ctx)
+    progress('running', 'metrics service')
+    manage_metrics(ctx)
+    progress('running', 'backup timer')
+    manage_backup(cfg)
     if problem:
         progress('failed', failed_step, problem)
         print(f'vpn-router: error: {problem}', file=sys.stderr)

debian-package/src/usr/lib/vpn-router/simple-ca

@@ -1,611 +0,0 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env python3
-# MIT License
-#
-# Copyright (c) 2026 Sławomir Koszewski
-#
-# Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
-# of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
-# in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
-# to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
-# copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
-# furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
-#
-# The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
-# copies or substantial portions of the Software.
-#
-# THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
-# IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
-# FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
-# AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
-# LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
-# OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
-# SOFTWARE.
-
-# This module requires Python 3.8+ and OpenSSL to be installed on the system.
-
-import argparse
-import datetime
-import json
-import os
-import re
-import subprocess
-import sys
-import tempfile
-
-OPENSSL = "openssl"
-
-
-class Config:
-    FILE = "simple-ca.json"
-
-    def __init__(self, ca_dir: str):
-        self._path = os.path.join(ca_dir, self.FILE)
-        self._data: dict = {}
-        if not os.path.isfile(self._path):
-            return
-        try:
-            with open(self._path, "r") as f:
-                self._data = json.load(f)
-        except (json.JSONDecodeError, OSError) as e:
-            print(f"WARNING: could not read {self._path}: {e}", file=sys.stderr)
-
-    def get(self, key, default=None):
-        return self._data.get(key, default)
-
-    def update(self, patch: dict):
-        file_missing = not os.path.isfile(self._path)
-        changed = any(self._data.get(k) != v for k, v in patch.items())
-        if file_missing or changed:
-            self._data.update(patch)
-            self._save()
-
-    def append_history(self, ca_key: str, entry: dict):
-        history = self._data.get("history", {})
-        history.setdefault(ca_key, []).append(entry)
-        self._data["history"] = history
-        self._save()
-
-    def revoke_in_history(self, ca_key: str, serial: str, revoked_at: str):
-        """Mark a certificate as revoked. Returns True if newly revoked,
-        False if already revoked, None if serial not found."""
-        history = self._data.get("history", {})
-        for entry in history.get(ca_key, []):
-            if entry.get("serial") == serial:
-                if "revoked" in entry:
-                    return False
-                entry["revoked"] = revoked_at
-                self._data["history"] = history
-                self._save()
-                return True
-        return None
-
-    def _save(self):
-        with open(self._path, "w") as f:
-            json.dump(self._data, f, indent=2)
-            f.write("\n")
-
-
-_config: Config
-
-
-def _now() -> str:
-    return datetime.datetime.now(datetime.timezone.utc).strftime("%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%SZ")
-
-
-def _err(msg):
-    print(f"ERROR: {msg}", file=sys.stderr)
-
-
-def _rebuild_ca_bundle(ca_dir):
-    bundle_path = os.path.join(ca_dir, "ca_bundle.pem")
-    parts = []
-    root = os.path.join(ca_dir, "ca_cert.pem")
-    if os.path.isfile(root):
-        with open(root, "rb") as f:
-            parts.append(f.read())
-    for name in sorted(_config.get("subordinates", [])):
-        sub_cert = os.path.join(ca_dir, name, "ca_cert.pem")
-        if os.path.isfile(sub_cert):
-            with open(sub_cert, "rb") as f:
-                parts.append(f.read())
-    with open(bundle_path, "wb") as f:
-        f.write(b"".join(parts))
-
-
-def _read_serial(cert_path) -> str:
-    result = subprocess.run(
-        [OPENSSL, "x509", "-in", cert_path, "-noout", "-serial"],
-        capture_output=True, text=True,
-    )
-    return result.stdout.strip().split("=", 1)[-1]
-
-
-def _read_expiry(cert_path) -> str:
-    """Return the certificate notAfter date as an ISO 8601 UTC string."""
-    result = subprocess.run(
-        [OPENSSL, "x509", "-in", cert_path, "-noout", "-enddate"],
-        capture_output=True, text=True,
-    )
-    raw = result.stdout.strip().split("=", 1)[-1]
-    raw = " ".join(raw.split())  # normalize whitespace ("May  4" -> "May 4")
-    dt = datetime.datetime.strptime(raw, "%b %d %H:%M:%S %Y GMT")
-    return dt.strftime("%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%SZ")
-
-
-def _iso_to_asn1(iso: str) -> str:
-    """Convert "2026-05-24T14:28:10Z" -> "260524142810Z" for OpenSSL index.txt."""
-    dt = datetime.datetime.strptime(iso, "%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%SZ")
-    return dt.strftime("%y%m%d%H%M%SZ")
-
-
-_IP_RE = re.compile(r"^[0-9]{1,3}(\.[0-9]{1,3}){3}$")
-_DNS_RE = re.compile(r"^[a-z0-9-]+(\.[a-z0-9-]+)*$")
-
-
-def _is_ip(value):
-    return bool(_IP_RE.match(value))
-
-
-def _is_dns(value):
-    return bool(_DNS_RE.match(value))
-
-
-def _pipe(cmd1, cmd2):
-    p1 = subprocess.Popen(cmd1, stdout=subprocess.PIPE)
-    p2 = subprocess.Popen(cmd2, stdin=p1.stdout)
-    p1.stdout.close()
-    p2.communicate()
-    p1.wait()
-    return p1.returncode == 0 and p2.returncode == 0
-
-
-def make_ca(ca_dir, ca_name, days=3650, issuing_ca=None, ca_publish_base_url=None):
-    if issuing_ca == "ca":
-        _err("--issuing-ca cannot be 'ca' as it is reserved for the root CA.")
-        return False
-
-    if not ca_dir or not os.path.isdir(ca_dir):
-        _err(f"Certificate directory {ca_dir} does not exist.")
-        return False
-
-    if not ca_name:
-        _err("CA name is required.")
-        return False
-
-    root_ca_cert_path = os.path.join(ca_dir, "ca_cert.pem")
-    root_ca_key_path  = os.path.join(ca_dir, "ca_key.pem")
-
-    if not os.path.isfile(root_ca_cert_path) or not os.path.isfile(root_ca_key_path):
-        if issuing_ca:
-            _err(
-                f"Cannot create issuing CA '{ca_name}' without existing root CA "
-                "certificate and key. Please create the root CA first."
-            )
-            return False
-
-        print(f"Generating CA certificate '{ca_name}' and key...")
-        # Path length constraint of 1: allows one level of issuing CAs.
-        cmd = [
-            OPENSSL, "req",
-            "-x509",
-            "-newkey", "rsa:4096",
-            "-keyout", root_ca_key_path,
-            "-out", root_ca_cert_path,
-            "-days", str(days),
-            "-noenc",
-            "-subj", f"/CN={ca_name}",
-            "-text",
-            "-addext", "basicConstraints=critical,CA:TRUE,pathlen:1",
-            "-addext", "keyUsage=critical,keyCertSign,cRLSign",
-        ]
-        if subprocess.run(cmd).returncode != 0:
-            _err("Failed to generate CA certificate and key.")
-            return False
-
-        _rebuild_ca_bundle(ca_dir)
-        patch = {"name": ca_name, "created": _now()}
-        if ca_publish_base_url:
-            patch["ca_publish_base_url"] = ca_publish_base_url
-        _config.update(patch)
-        return True
-
-    issuing_ca_dir  = os.path.join(ca_dir, issuing_ca)
-    issuing_ca_cert = os.path.join(issuing_ca_dir, "ca_cert.pem")
-    issuing_ca_key  = os.path.join(issuing_ca_dir, "ca_key.pem")
-
-    if not os.path.isfile(issuing_ca_cert) or not os.path.isfile(issuing_ca_key):
-        print(f"Generating issuing CA certificate '{ca_name}' and key...")
-        os.makedirs(issuing_ca_dir, exist_ok=True)
-        req_cmd = [
-            OPENSSL, "req",
-            "-newkey", "rsa:4096",
-            "-keyout", issuing_ca_key,
-            "-noenc",
-            "-subj", f"/CN={ca_name}",
-            "-addext", "basicConstraints=critical,CA:TRUE,pathlen:0",
-            "-addext", "keyUsage=critical,keyCertSign,cRLSign",
-        ]
-        if ca_publish_base_url:
-            req_cmd += [
-                "-addext", f"authorityInfoAccess=caIssuers;URI:{ca_publish_base_url}/ca_cert.crt",
-                "-addext", f"crlDistributionPoints=URI:{ca_publish_base_url}/crl.pem",
-            ]
-        x509_cmd = [
-            OPENSSL, "x509",
-            "-req",
-            "-CA", root_ca_cert_path,
-            "-CAkey", root_ca_key_path,
-            "-copy_extensions", "copyall",
-            "-days", str(days),
-            "-text",
-            "-out", issuing_ca_cert,
-        ]
-        if not _pipe(req_cmd, x509_cmd):
-            _err("Failed to generate issuing CA certificate and key.")
-            return False
-
-    patch = {"ca_publish_base_url": ca_publish_base_url} if ca_publish_base_url else {}
-    subs = _config.get("subordinates", [])
-    if issuing_ca not in subs:
-        patch["subordinates"] = subs + [issuing_ca]
-    _config.update(patch)
-    _rebuild_ca_bundle(ca_dir)
-    return True
-
-
-def make_cert(cert_subject_name, sans=None, ca_dir=None, cert_dir=None,
-              issuing_ca=None, days=365, ca_publish_base_url=None):
-    if issuing_ca == "ca":
-        _err("--issuing-ca cannot be 'ca' as it is reserved for the root CA.")
-        return False
-
-    if not ca_dir or not os.path.isdir(ca_dir):
-        _err(f"CA directory {ca_dir} does not exist.")
-        return False
-
-    if not cert_subject_name:
-        _err("Subject name is required.")
-        return False
-
-    if not _is_dns(cert_subject_name):
-        _err(f"Invalid subject name '{cert_subject_name}'. Must be a valid DNS name.")
-        return False
-
-    signing_dir  = os.path.join(ca_dir, issuing_ca) if issuing_ca else ca_dir
-    cert_dir     = cert_dir or signing_dir
-
-    if not os.path.isdir(cert_dir):
-        _err(f"Certificate directory {cert_dir} does not exist.")
-        return False
-    ca_cert_path = os.path.join(signing_dir, "ca_cert.pem")
-    ca_key_path  = os.path.join(signing_dir, "ca_key.pem")
-    if not os.path.isfile(ca_cert_path) or not os.path.isfile(ca_key_path):
-        _err(
-            f"Signing CA certificate and key not found in {signing_dir}. "
-            "Please set up a signing CA first."
-        )
-        return False
-
-    aia_url = cdp_url = ""
-    if ca_publish_base_url:
-        if issuing_ca:
-            aia_url = f"{ca_publish_base_url}/{issuing_ca}/ca_cert.crt"
-            cdp_url = f"{ca_publish_base_url}/{issuing_ca}/crl.pem"
-        else:
-            aia_url = f"{ca_publish_base_url}/ca_cert.crt"
-            cdp_url = f"{ca_publish_base_url}/crl.pem"
-
-    cert_name = cert_subject_name.split(".", 1)[0]
-
-    san_entries = [f"DNS:{cert_subject_name}"]
-    for entry in sans or []:
-        if _is_ip(entry):
-            san_entries.append(f"IP:{entry}")
-        elif _is_dns(entry):
-            san_entries.append(f"DNS:{entry}")
-        else:
-            _err(f"Invalid SAN entry '{entry}'")
-            return False
-
-    sans_ext = "subjectAltName=" + ",".join(san_entries)
-
-    print(f"Generating server certificate for '{cert_subject_name}' with SANs:")
-    for san in san_entries:
-        print(f"  - {san}")
-
-    cert_out = os.path.join(cert_dir, f"{cert_name}_cert.pem")
-    key_out  = os.path.join(cert_dir, f"{cert_name}_key.pem")
-
-    if not os.path.isfile(cert_out) or not os.path.isfile(key_out):
-        print("Generating server certificate and key...")
-        req_cmd = [
-            OPENSSL, "req",
-            "-newkey", "rsa:4096",
-            "-keyout", key_out,
-            "-noenc",
-            "-subj", f"/CN={cert_subject_name}",
-            "-addext", "basicConstraints=critical,CA:FALSE",
-            "-addext", "keyUsage=critical,digitalSignature,keyEncipherment",
-            "-addext", "extendedKeyUsage=serverAuth,clientAuth",
-            "-addext", sans_ext,
-        ]
-        if aia_url:
-            req_cmd += ["-addext", f"authorityInfoAccess=caIssuers;URI:{aia_url}"]
-        if cdp_url:
-            req_cmd += ["-addext", f"crlDistributionPoints=URI:{cdp_url}"]
-        x509_cmd = [
-            OPENSSL, "x509",
-            "-req",
-            "-CA", ca_cert_path,
-            "-CAkey", ca_key_path,
-            "-copy_extensions", "copyall",
-            "-days", str(days),
-            "-text",
-            "-out", cert_out,
-        ]
-        if not _pipe(req_cmd, x509_cmd):
-            _err("Failed to generate server certificate and key.")
-            return False
-
-        _config.append_history(issuing_ca or "ca", {
-            "name": cert_subject_name,
-            "serial": _read_serial(cert_out),
-            "created": _now(),
-            "expires": _read_expiry(cert_out),
-        })
-
-    return True
-
-
-def make_pfx(cert_path, ca_dir, issuing_ca=None, password=None, apple_openssl=False):
-    if issuing_ca == "ca":
-        _err("--issuing-ca cannot be 'ca' as it is reserved for the root CA.")
-        return False
-
-    cert_dir      = os.path.dirname(cert_path)
-    cert_basename = os.path.basename(cert_path)
-    cert_name     = cert_basename[:-len("_cert.pem")] if cert_basename.endswith("_cert.pem") else cert_basename
-    key_path      = os.path.join(cert_dir, f"{cert_name}_key.pem")
-
-    if not cert_dir or not os.path.isdir(cert_dir):
-        _err(f"Certificate directory {cert_dir} does not exist.")
-        return False
-
-    if not ca_dir or not os.path.isdir(ca_dir):
-        _err(f"CA directory {ca_dir} does not exist.")
-        return False
-
-    if not os.path.isfile(cert_path) or not os.path.isfile(key_path):
-        _err("Server certificate or key not found.")
-        return False
-
-    root_ca_cert_path = os.path.join(ca_dir, "ca_cert.pem")
-    root_ca_key_path  = os.path.join(ca_dir, "ca_key.pem")
-    if not os.path.isfile(root_ca_cert_path) or not os.path.isfile(root_ca_key_path):
-        _err(f"CA certificate or key not found in {ca_dir}.")
-        return False
-
-    if issuing_ca:
-        issuing_ca_cert_path = os.path.join(ca_dir, issuing_ca, "ca_cert.pem")
-        if not os.path.isfile(issuing_ca_cert_path):
-            _err(f"Issuing CA certificate not found: {issuing_ca_cert_path}.")
-            return False
-
-    if not password:
-        password = "changeit"
-
-    pfx_path = os.path.join(cert_dir, f"{cert_name}.pfx")
-    if os.path.isfile(pfx_path):
-        print("PKCS#12 (PFX) file already exists, aborting generation.")
-        return False
-
-    print("Generating PKCS#12 (PFX) file...", end="")
-
-    chain_bytes = b""
-    with open(root_ca_cert_path, "rb") as f:
-        chain_bytes += f.read()
-    if issuing_ca:
-        with open(issuing_ca_cert_path, "rb") as f:
-            chain_bytes += f.read()
-
-    chain_fd, chain_file = tempfile.mkstemp()
-    try:
-        with os.fdopen(chain_fd, "wb") as f:
-            f.write(chain_bytes)
-        cmd = [
-            "/usr/bin/openssl" if apple_openssl else OPENSSL, "pkcs12",
-            "-export", "-out", pfx_path,
-            "-inkey", key_path,
-            "-in", cert_path,
-            "-certfile", chain_file,
-            "-password", f"pass:{password}",
-        ]
-        if subprocess.run(cmd).returncode != 0:
-            _err("Failed to generate PKCS#12 (PFX) file.")
-            return False
-    finally:
-        if os.path.exists(chain_file):
-            os.remove(chain_file)
-
-    print("done.")
-    return True
-
-
-def make_crl(ca_dir, issuing_ca=None, days=30):
-    signing_dir = os.path.join(ca_dir, issuing_ca) if issuing_ca else ca_dir
-    ca_cert     = os.path.join(signing_dir, "ca_cert.pem")
-    ca_key      = os.path.join(signing_dir, "ca_key.pem")
-
-    if not os.path.isfile(ca_cert) or not os.path.isfile(ca_key):
-        _err(f"CA certificate or key not found in {signing_dir}.")
-        return False
-
-    crl_path = os.path.join(signing_dir, "crl.pem")
-
-    history_key = issuing_ca or "ca"
-    revoked_entries = [
-        e for e in _config.get("history", {}).get(history_key, [])
-        if "revoked" in e and "expires" in e
-    ]
-
-    with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as tmp:
-        index_txt = os.path.join(tmp, "index.txt")
-        crlnumber = os.path.join(tmp, "crlnumber")
-        cnf_path  = os.path.join(tmp, "openssl.cnf")
-
-        with open(index_txt, "w") as f:
-            for e in revoked_entries:
-                expires_asn1 = _iso_to_asn1(e["expires"])
-                revoked_asn1 = _iso_to_asn1(e["revoked"])
-                f.write(f"R\t{expires_asn1}\t{revoked_asn1}\t{e['serial']}\tunknown\t/CN={e['name']}\n")
-        with open(crlnumber, "w") as f:
-            f.write("01\n")
-        with open(cnf_path, "w") as f:
-            f.write(
-                "[ ca ]\ndefault_ca = CA_default\n\n"
-                "[ CA_default ]\n"
-                f"database         = {index_txt}\n"
-                f"crlnumber        = {crlnumber}\n"
-                f"certificate      = {ca_cert}\n"
-                f"private_key      = {ca_key}\n"
-                f"default_crl_days = {days}\n"
-                "default_md       = sha256\n\n"
-                "[ crl_ext ]\n"
-                "authorityKeyIdentifier = keyid:always\n"
-            )
-
-        if subprocess.run([OPENSSL, "ca", "-gencrl", "-config", cnf_path, "-out", crl_path]).returncode != 0:
-            _err("Failed to generate CRL.")
-            return False
-
-    print(f"CRL written to {crl_path}")
-    return True
-
-
-def revoke_cert(cert_path, ca_dir, issuing_ca=None):
-    if not os.path.isfile(cert_path):
-        _err(f"Certificate not found: {cert_path}")
-        return False
-
-    signing_dir = os.path.join(ca_dir, issuing_ca) if issuing_ca else ca_dir
-    if not os.path.isdir(signing_dir):
-        _err(f"CA directory not found: {signing_dir}")
-        return False
-
-    ca_key = issuing_ca or "ca"
-    serial = _read_serial(cert_path)
-    result = _config.revoke_in_history(ca_key, serial, _now())
-
-    if result is None:
-        _err(f"Certificate with serial {serial} not found in history for CA '{ca_key}'.")
-        return False
-    if result is False:
-        print(f"Certificate {cert_path} (serial {serial}) is already revoked.")
-        return True
-
-    print(f"Certificate {cert_path} (serial {serial}) marked as revoked.")
-    return True
-
-
-def _build_parser():
-    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(
-        description="Simple CA for creating and managing test certificates."
-    )
-    sub = parser.add_subparsers(dest="command", required=True)
-
-    p_ca = sub.add_parser("make-ca", help="Create a root or issuing CA.")
-    p_ca.add_argument("--days", type=int, default=None, help="Validity period in days (default: 3650)")
-    p_ca.add_argument("--issuing-ca", default=None, help="Specify the issuing CA")
-    p_ca.add_argument("--ca-publish-base-url", default=None,
-                      help="Base URL for AIA and CRL distribution point extensions")
-    p_ca.add_argument("--ca-dir", help="Directory to store the CA files")
-    p_ca.add_argument("--openssl", default=None, metavar="PATH",
-                      help=f"Path to the openssl binary (default: {OPENSSL})")
-    p_ca.add_argument("ca_name", help="Name of the CA")
-
-    p_cert = sub.add_parser("make-cert", help="Create a server/client certificate.")
-    p_cert.add_argument("--ca-dir", help="Directory of the CA")
-    p_cert.add_argument("--issuing-ca", default=None, help="Specify the issuing CA")
-    p_cert.add_argument("--days", type=int, default=None, help="Validity period in days (default: 365)")
-    p_cert.add_argument("--cert-dir", help="Directory to store the certificate files")
-    p_cert.add_argument("--openssl", default=None, metavar="PATH",
-                        help=f"Path to the openssl binary (default: {OPENSSL})")
-    p_cert.add_argument("subject_name", help="Subject name for the certificate")
-    p_cert.add_argument("sans", nargs="*", help="Subject Alternative Names (SANs) for the certificate")
-
-    p_pfx = sub.add_parser("make-pfx", help="Create a PKCS#12 (PFX) bundle.")
-    p_pfx.add_argument("--issuing-ca", default=None, help="Specify the issuing CA")
-    p_pfx.add_argument("--ca-dir", help="Directory of the CA")
-    p_pfx.add_argument("--password", help="Password for the PFX file")
-    p_pfx.add_argument("--apple-openssl", action="store_true", default=False,
-                       help="Use Apple's bundled /usr/bin/openssl for PKCS12 generation")
-    p_pfx.add_argument("path", help="Path to the certificate file")
-
-    p_crl = sub.add_parser("make-crl", help="Generate a CRL for a CA.")
-    p_crl.add_argument("--ca-dir", help="Directory of the CA")
-    p_crl.add_argument("--issuing-ca", default=None, help="Generate CRL for this issuing CA")
-    p_crl.add_argument("--days", type=int, default=None, help="CRL validity in days (default: 30)")
-
-    p_rev = sub.add_parser("revoke-cert", help="Revoke a certificate.")
-    p_rev.add_argument("--ca-dir", help="Directory of the CA")
-    p_rev.add_argument("--issuing-ca", default=None, help="Issuing CA that signed the certificate")
-    p_rev.add_argument("cert_path", help="Path to the certificate file to revoke")
-
-    return parser
-
-
-def main(argv=None):
-    global OPENSSL, _config
-
-    parser = _build_parser()
-    args = parser.parse_args(argv)
-    ca_dir = args.ca_dir or os.environ.get("SIMPLE_CA_DIR") or os.getcwd()
-
-    _config = Config(ca_dir)
-
-    OPENSSL             = getattr(args, "openssl", None) or _config.get("openssl", OPENSSL)
-    issuing_ca          = args.issuing_ca or _config.get("issuing_ca")
-    ca_publish_base_url = getattr(args, "ca_publish_base_url", None) or _config.get("ca_publish_base_url")
-
-    days_cfg = _config.get("days", {})
-
-    if args.command == "make-ca":
-        days = args.days or days_cfg.get("ca", 3650)
-        ok = make_ca(
-            ca_dir, args.ca_name,
-            days=days,
-            issuing_ca=issuing_ca,
-            ca_publish_base_url=ca_publish_base_url,
-        )
-    elif args.command == "make-cert":
-        days = args.days or days_cfg.get("cert", 365)
-        ok = make_cert(
-            args.subject_name,
-            sans=args.sans,
-            ca_dir=ca_dir,
-            cert_dir=getattr(args, "cert_dir", None),
-            issuing_ca=issuing_ca,
-            days=days,
-            ca_publish_base_url=ca_publish_base_url,
-        )
-    elif args.command == "make-pfx":
-        ok = make_pfx(
-            args.path, ca_dir,
-            issuing_ca=issuing_ca,
-            password=args.password,
-            apple_openssl=args.apple_openssl,
-        )
-    elif args.command == "make-crl":
-        days = args.days or days_cfg.get("crl", 30)
-        ok = make_crl(ca_dir, issuing_ca=issuing_ca, days=days)
-    elif args.command == "revoke-cert":
-        ok = revoke_cert(args.cert_path, ca_dir, issuing_ca=issuing_ca)
-    else:
-        parser.error(f"Unknown command: {args.command}")
-        ok = False
-
-    return 0 if ok else 1
-
-
-if __name__ == "__main__":
-    sys.exit(main())

debian-package/src/usr/lib/vpn-router/vpnrouter_auth.py

@@ -10,6 +10,9 @@ Every failure of the database raises DatabaseError, the only database exception
 Refresh tokens are random strings kept in PostgreSQL as their SHA-256, in the database of
 web.database, by default the vpn-router database on this host that provision() creates on the
 web service's first run, with the password in DATABASE_SECRET. A refresh token is used once: refreshing replaces it.
+The same database holds the state of the OpenID Provider (vpnrouter_oidc), whose tables and procedures OIDC_SQL
+defines; the first connection of a process loads it. revoke() removes a user's refresh tokens and OpenID Provider
+codes, tokens and sessions.
 """
 
 import base64
@@ -26,6 +29,7 @@ import psycopg
 
 WEB_KEY = pathlib.Path('/etc/vpn-router/web.key')
 DATABASE_SECRET = pathlib.Path('/etc/vpn-router/database.secret')
+OIDC_SQL = pathlib.Path('/usr/share/vpn-router/sql/oidc.sql')
 
 #: The role and the database provision() creates when web.database is not set.
 DATABASE = 'vpn-router'
@@ -45,6 +49,9 @@ LEEWAY = 60
 
 SCHEMA = 'CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS refresh_tokens (hash text PRIMARY KEY, name text NOT NULL, expires timestamptz NOT NULL)'
 
+#: Whether this process has loaded OIDC_SQL.
+_oidc_loaded = False
+
 
 class DatabaseError(Exception):
     """The database of the refresh tokens failed."""
@@ -120,21 +127,36 @@ def admin_token(seconds):
     return {'token': sign({'admin': True, 'iat': now, 'exp': now + seconds}, secret), 'expires': now + seconds}
 
 
+def local_connection(name, secret):
+    """The connection string of a database provision_database() created; its password, of URL-safe characters, is
+    written unquoted."""
+    password = secret.read_text(encoding='utf-8').strip()
+    return f'host=localhost dbname={name} user={name} password={password}'
+
+
 def connection_string(cfg):
-    """web.database, or the database provision() creates; its password, of URL-safe characters, is written unquoted."""
+    """web.database, or the database provision() creates."""
     configured = cfg['web']['database'].strip()
     if configured:
         return configured
-    password = DATABASE_SECRET.read_text(encoding='utf-8').strip()
-    return f'host=localhost dbname={DATABASE} user={DATABASE} password={password}'
+    return local_connection(DATABASE, DATABASE_SECRET)
 
 
 @contextlib.contextmanager
 def database(cfg):
-    """A connection to the database of the refresh tokens, with their table, closed at the end; DatabaseError on any failure."""
+    """A connection to the database of the refresh tokens, with their table and the OpenID Provider's, closed at the end;
+    DatabaseError on any failure."""
+    global _oidc_loaded
+    try:
+        oidc = None if _oidc_loaded else OIDC_SQL.read_text(encoding='utf-8')
+    except OSError as exc:
+        raise DatabaseError(f'{OIDC_SQL} cannot be read: {exc}') from exc
     try:
         with psycopg.connect(connection_string(cfg), autocommit=True) as connection:
             connection.execute(SCHEMA)
+            if oidc is not None:
+                connection.execute(oidc)
+                _oidc_loaded = True
             yield connection
     except psycopg.Error as exc:
         raise DatabaseError(f'the token database failed: {exc}') from exc
@@ -173,9 +195,10 @@ def take(cfg, token):
 
 
 def revoke(cfg, name):
-    """Remove all refresh tokens of the user."""
+    """Remove all refresh tokens of the user, and its codes, tokens and sessions of the OpenID Provider."""
     with database(cfg) as connection:
         connection.execute('DELETE FROM refresh_tokens WHERE name = %s', (name,))
+        connection.execute('CALL oidc_revoke(%s)', (name,))
 
 
 def psql(sql, name):
@@ -187,21 +210,33 @@ def psql(sql, name):
     return result.stdout.strip()
 
 
-def provision(cfg):
-    """Create the role, its password file and the database when web.database is not set and they are missing.
+def provision_database(name, secret):
+    """Create the role of the name, its password file secret and its database of the same name when they are missing.
 
     The password, of URL-safe characters, reaches psql on standard input, not on its command line.
     """
-    if cfg['web']['database'].strip():
-        return
-    if not psql("SELECT 1 FROM pg_roles WHERE rolname = :'v1'", DATABASE):
-        DATABASE_SECRET.unlink(missing_ok=True)
-        psql("CREATE ROLE :\"v1\" LOGIN", DATABASE)
-    if not DATABASE_SECRET.is_file():
+    if not psql("SELECT 1 FROM pg_roles WHERE rolname = :'v1'", name):
+        secret.unlink(missing_ok=True)
+        psql("CREATE ROLE :\"v1\" LOGIN", name)
+    if not secret.is_file():
         password = secrets.token_urlsafe(32)
-        psql(f"ALTER ROLE :\"v1\" PASSWORD '{password}'", DATABASE)
-        DATABASE_SECRET.touch(mode=0o600)
-        DATABASE_SECRET.chmod(0o600)
-        DATABASE_SECRET.write_text(password + '\n', encoding='utf-8')
-    if not psql("SELECT 1 FROM pg_database WHERE datname = :'v1'", DATABASE):
-        psql("CREATE DATABASE :\"v1\" OWNER :\"v1\"", DATABASE)
+        psql(f"ALTER ROLE :\"v1\" PASSWORD '{password}'", name)
+        secret.touch(mode=0o600)
+        secret.chmod(0o600)
+        secret.write_text(password + '\n', encoding='utf-8')
+    if not psql("SELECT 1 FROM pg_database WHERE datname = :'v1'", name):
+        psql("CREATE DATABASE :\"v1\" OWNER :\"v1\"", name)
+
+
+def reset_password(name, secret):
+    """Give the role of the name the password of its file secret, when both exist, as after a restore."""
+    if secret.is_file() and psql("SELECT 1 FROM pg_roles WHERE rolname = :'v1'", name):
+        password = secret.read_text(encoding='utf-8').strip()
+        psql(f"ALTER ROLE :\"v1\" PASSWORD '{password}'", name)
+
+
+def provision(cfg):
+    """Create the role, its password file and the database of the refresh tokens when web.database is not set and they
+    are missing."""
+    if not cfg['web']['database'].strip():
+        provision_database(DATABASE, DATABASE_SECRET)

debian-package/src/usr/lib/vpn-router/vpnrouter_backup.py

@@ -0,0 +1,426 @@
+"""The backups of the router, for vpn-router-backup and the web service.
+
+A backup is a consistent copy of the state that setup cannot make again, staged in STAGING: the
+trees of TREES, the folders of the web sites among them, the files of site_to_site psk_file outside them under files/,
+the directory as slapcat writes it (ldap/vpn-router.ldif), with backup.metrics the database as pg_dump writes it
+(postgresql/vpn-router.dump), the databases of the web sites and of the name server (DUMPS) once they exist, and
+manifest.json. The trees and the directory are copied while
+the configuration lock and the users lock are held, so the configuration, the PKI and the users
+match; pg_dump reads a snapshot of its own.
+
+backup.target local writes the staging directory as a tar archive compressed with zstd,
+ARCHIVE, to backup.path, removes the archives of this host that the retention settings of the
+schedule no longer keep, and with backup.rclone_remote syncs or copies the archives of this host
+to the remote of RCLONE_CONFIG. backup.target pbs sends the staging directory to a Proxmox Backup
+Server as the archive router.pxar of the snapshot host/<host>/<time>; the server keeps them.
+
+A run holds RUN_LOCK and records itself in STATE: result running, ok, warning (the backup is
+made, the cloud copy failed) or failed, with the times, the target, the archive or snapshot,
+its size, the error and the cloud copy. restore() puts a backup back and runs setup.
+"""
+
+import contextlib
+import datetime
+import fcntl
+import json
+import os
+import pathlib
+import re
+import shutil
+import socket
+import subprocess
+import tempfile
+import time
+
+import vpnrouter
+import vpnrouter_auth
+import vpnrouter_dns
+import vpnrouter_ldap
+import vpnrouter_sites
+import vpnrouter_users
+
+STATE = pathlib.Path('/var/lib/vpn-router/backup.json')
+WORK_DIR = pathlib.Path('/var/lib/vpn-router/backup')
+STAGING = WORK_DIR / 'staging'
+RESTORE_DIR = WORK_DIR / 'restore'
+#: What a restore replaces is kept here, in a directory named after the time of the restore.
+BEFORE_RESTORE = WORK_DIR / 'before-restore'
+RUN_LOCK = pathlib.Path('/run/vpn-router/backup.lock')
+RCLONE_CONFIG = pathlib.Path('/etc/vpn-router/rclone.conf')
+PBS_CLIENT = pathlib.Path('/usr/bin/proxmox-backup-client')
+UNIT = 'vpn-router-backup.service'
+TIMER = 'vpn-router-backup.timer'
+
+#: The state a backup copies: directories and files, each where it is on the system.
+TREES = ('/etc/vpn-router', '/etc/wireguard', '/etc/ufw', '/etc/default/ufw', '/etc/vpn-router-manager',
+         str(vpnrouter_sites.SITES_DIR))
+
+#: The databases a backup always dumps, each while it exists: the dump -> the database and its password file.
+DUMPS = {'postgresql/vpn-router-sites.dump': (vpnrouter_sites.DATABASE, vpnrouter_sites.DATABASE_SECRET),
+         'postgresql/vpn-router-dns.dump': (vpnrouter_dns.DATABASE, vpnrouter_dns.DATABASE_SECRET)}
+
+#: The name of a local archive: the host and the UTC time of the backup.
+ARCHIVE = re.compile(r'^vpn-router-(?P<host>[A-Za-z0-9][A-Za-z0-9.-]*)-(?P<stamp>\d{8}T\d{6}Z)\.tar\.zst$')
+STAMP = '%Y%m%dT%H%M%SZ'
+
+LDIF = 'ldap/vpn-router.ldif'
+DUMP = 'postgresql/vpn-router.dump'
+PBS_ARCHIVE = 'router.pxar'
+
+#: The period of each retention setting, as strftime formats of local time; weeks are ISO weeks.
+PERIODS = {'keep_hourly': '%Y-%m-%d %H', 'keep_daily': '%Y-%m-%d', 'keep_weekly': '%G-%V', 'keep_monthly': '%Y-%m',
+           'keep_yearly': '%Y'}
+
+#: The units a restore stops while it replaces the directory and the database, and the ones it restarts after setup.
+RESTORE_STOPS = ('vpn-router-web.service', 'vpn-router-metrics.service', 'vpn-router-webdav.service', 'pdns.service',
+                 'slapd.service')
+RESTORE_RESTARTS = ('wg-quick@wg0.service', 'openvpn-server@vpn-router.service', 'strongswan.service',
+                    'vpn-router-manager.service')
+
+
+class Failure(Exception):
+    """A backup or a restore that cannot be done."""
+
+
+def now():
+    """The local time in ISO 8601, to the second, with its offset."""
+    return datetime.datetime.now().astimezone().isoformat(timespec='seconds')
+
+
+def host():
+    """The name of this host, which names its archives and its PBS backup group."""
+    return socket.gethostname().split('.')[0]
+
+
+def command(args, **kwargs):
+    """Run a command; Failure with its standard error when it fails."""
+    try:
+        result = subprocess.run(args, capture_output=True, text=True, **kwargs)
+    except OSError as exc:
+        raise Failure(f'{args[0]}: {exc.strerror}')
+    if result.returncode != 0:
+        raise Failure(f'{" ".join(args[:2])} failed: {result.stderr.strip() or result.stdout.strip()}')
+    return result.stdout
+
+
+def write_state(state):
+    """Write STATE in one step."""
+    STATE.parent.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
+    descriptor, name = tempfile.mkstemp(dir=STATE.parent, prefix='.backup.json.')
+    with os.fdopen(descriptor, 'w', encoding='utf-8') as handle:
+        handle.write(json.dumps(state, indent=2) + '\n')
+    os.chmod(name, 0o600)
+    os.replace(name, STATE)
+
+
+def running():
+    """Whether a run holds RUN_LOCK."""
+    try:
+        with open(RUN_LOCK, encoding='utf-8') as handle:
+            fcntl.flock(handle, fcntl.LOCK_EX | fcntl.LOCK_NB)
+    except FileNotFoundError:
+        return False
+    except BlockingIOError:
+        return True
+    return False
+
+
+def state():
+    """The state of the last run, {} when there was none; a run that ended without recording it is interrupted."""
+    try:
+        recorded = json.loads(STATE.read_text(encoding='utf-8'))
+    except (OSError, ValueError):
+        return {}
+    if recorded.get('result') == 'running' and not running():
+        recorded['result'] = 'interrupted'
+    return recorded
+
+
+@contextlib.contextmanager
+def run_lock():
+    """Hold RUN_LOCK; Failure when another run holds it."""
+    RUN_LOCK.parent.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
+    with open(RUN_LOCK, 'a', encoding='utf-8') as handle:
+        try:
+            fcntl.flock(handle, fcntl.LOCK_EX | fcntl.LOCK_NB)
+        except BlockingIOError:
+            raise Failure('another backup or restore is running')
+        yield
+
+
+def archives(path):
+    """The archives of this host in path, newest first, as [{name, time, size}]; time is the UTC time of the backup."""
+    found = []
+    try:
+        entries = list(os.scandir(path))
+    except OSError:
+        return found
+    for entry in entries:
+        match = ARCHIVE.match(entry.name)
+        if match and match['host'] == host() and entry.is_file():
+            when = datetime.datetime.strptime(match['stamp'], STAMP).replace(tzinfo=datetime.timezone.utc)
+            found.append({'name': entry.name, 'time': when.isoformat(), 'size': entry.stat().st_size})
+    return sorted(found, key=lambda item: item['time'], reverse=True)
+
+
+def kept(found, keeps):
+    """The names of the archives the retention settings keep, by the rules of Proxmox Backup Server's prune.
+
+    found is newest first. The settings apply in the order of PERIODS: each keeps the newest archive of each of its
+    last N periods that have archives and no archive a former setting kept, and the older archives of those periods
+    are removed, so no later setting keeps them.
+    """
+    marks = {}
+    for option, period in PERIODS.items():
+        count = keeps.get(option, 0)
+        if not count:
+            continue
+        periods = {moment(item).strftime(period) for item in found if marks.get(item['name']) == 'keep'}
+        included = set()
+        for item in found:
+            if item['name'] in marks:
+                continue
+            key = moment(item).strftime(period)
+            if key in periods:
+                continue
+            if key not in included:
+                if len(included) >= count:
+                    break
+                included.add(key)
+                marks[item['name']] = 'keep'
+            else:
+                marks[item['name']] = 'remove'
+    return {name for name, mark in marks.items() if mark == 'keep'}
+
+
+def moment(item):
+    """The local time of an archive of archives()."""
+    return datetime.datetime.fromisoformat(item['time']).astimezone()
+
+
+def psk_files(cfg):
+    """The psk_file of each site_to_site connection outside the trees of TREES."""
+    files = []
+    for connection in cfg['site_to_site'].values():
+        name = connection['psk_file'].strip()
+        if name and not any(name == tree or name.startswith(tree + '/') for tree in TREES) and os.path.isfile(name):
+            files.append(name)
+    return files
+
+
+def database_args(cfg):
+    """The command prefix and the database argument of pg_dump and pg_restore: postgres and vpn-router, or web.database."""
+    configured = cfg['web']['database'].strip()
+    if configured:
+        return [], [f'--dbname={configured}']
+    return ['runuser', '-u', 'postgres', '--'], [f'--dbname={vpnrouter_auth.DATABASE}']
+
+
+def stage(cfg):
+    """Copy what a backup holds to STAGING, emptied first, and return the manifest."""
+    shutil.rmtree(STAGING, ignore_errors=True)
+    STAGING.mkdir(parents=True, mode=0o700)
+    trees = [tree for tree in TREES if os.path.exists(tree)]
+    files = psk_files(cfg)
+    vpnrouter_users.LOCK_FILE.parent.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
+    with vpnrouter.config_lock(), open(vpnrouter_users.LOCK_FILE, 'w') as users:
+        fcntl.flock(users, fcntl.LOCK_EX)
+        command(['cp', '-a', '--parents', *trees, str(STAGING)])
+        if files:
+            (STAGING / 'files').mkdir()
+            command(['cp', '-a', '--parents', *files, str(STAGING / 'files')])
+        (STAGING / LDIF).parent.mkdir()
+        command(['slapcat', '-b', vpnrouter_ldap.BASE, '-l', str(STAGING / LDIF)])
+    items = trees + [f'files{name}' for name in files] + [LDIF]
+    dumps = {**({DUMP: database_args(cfg)} if cfg['backup']['metrics'] else {}),
+             **{item: (['runuser', '-u', 'postgres', '--'], [f'--dbname={name}'])
+                for item, (name, secret) in DUMPS.items() if secret.is_file()}}
+    for item, (prefix, database) in dumps.items():
+        (STAGING / item).parent.mkdir(exist_ok=True)
+        with open(STAGING / item, 'wb') as dump:
+            result = subprocess.run([*prefix, 'pg_dump', '-Fc', *database], stdout=dump, stderr=subprocess.PIPE)
+        if result.returncode != 0:
+            raise Failure(f'pg_dump for {item} failed: {result.stderr.decode(errors="replace").strip()}')
+        items.append(item)
+    version = subprocess.run(['dpkg-query', '-W', '-f=${Version}', 'vpn-router'], capture_output=True, text=True)
+    manifest = {'host': host(), 'time': now(), 'version': version.stdout.strip() or None,
+                'schedule': cfg['backup']['schedule'], 'items': items}
+    (STAGING / 'manifest.json').write_text(json.dumps(manifest, indent=2) + '\n', encoding='utf-8')
+    return manifest
+
+
+def pbs_environment(cfg):
+    """The environment of proxmox-backup-client: the repository, the token secret and the fingerprint of backup."""
+    if not PBS_CLIENT.exists():
+        raise Failure(f'{PBS_CLIENT} does not exist; install proxmox-backup-client-static')
+    backup = cfg['backup']
+    environment = dict(os.environ, PBS_REPOSITORY=backup['pbs_repository'], PBS_PASSWORD=backup['pbs_password'])
+    if backup['pbs_fingerprint']:
+        environment['PBS_FINGERPRINT'] = backup['pbs_fingerprint']
+    return environment
+
+
+def pbs_options(cfg):
+    """The namespace and key file options of proxmox-backup-client from backup."""
+    options = []
+    if cfg['backup']['pbs_namespace']:
+        options += ['--ns', cfg['backup']['pbs_namespace']]
+    if cfg['backup']['pbs_keyfile']:
+        options += ['--keyfile', cfg['backup']['pbs_keyfile']]
+    return options
+
+
+def cloud(cfg):
+    """Sync or copy the archives of this host in backup.path to backup.rclone_remote; Failure when it fails."""
+    backup = cfg['backup']
+    rclone = shutil.which('rclone')
+    if not rclone:
+        raise Failure('rclone is not installed')
+    if not RCLONE_CONFIG.is_file():
+        raise Failure(f'{RCLONE_CONFIG} does not exist; make the remote with rclone config --config {RCLONE_CONFIG}')
+    command([rclone, backup['rclone_mode'], backup['path'], backup['rclone_remote'], '--config', str(RCLONE_CONFIG),
+             '--include', f'vpn-router-{host()}-*.tar.zst'])
+
+
+def run():
+    """Make a backup to backup.target as the configuration says, recording it in STATE; the recorded state."""
+    cfg = vpnrouter.load_config()
+    backup = cfg['backup']
+    started = time.time()
+    record = {'result': 'running', 'started': now(), 'finished': None, 'target': backup['target'], 'archive': None,
+              'snapshot': None, 'size': None, 'removed': [], 'error': None, 'cloud': None}
+    with run_lock():
+        write_state(record)
+        try:
+            stage(cfg)
+            if backup['target'] == 'pbs':
+                epoch = int(started)
+                command([str(PBS_CLIENT), 'backup', f'{PBS_ARCHIVE}:{STAGING}', '--backup-type', 'host',
+                         '--backup-id', host(), '--backup-time', str(epoch), *pbs_options(cfg)],
+                        env=pbs_environment(cfg))
+                stamp = datetime.datetime.fromtimestamp(epoch, datetime.timezone.utc).strftime('%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%SZ')
+                record['snapshot'] = f'host/{host()}/{stamp}'
+                record['size'] = sum(path.stat().st_size for path in STAGING.rglob('*') if path.is_file())
+            else:
+                path = pathlib.Path(backup['path'])
+                path.mkdir(parents=True, mode=0o700, exist_ok=True)
+                name = f'vpn-router-{host()}-{time.strftime(STAMP, time.gmtime(started))}.tar.zst'
+                partial = path / f'{name}.partial'
+                command(['tar', '--zstd', '-cf', str(partial), '-C', str(STAGING), '.'])
+                partial.chmod(0o600)
+                partial.rename(path / name)
+                record['archive'] = name
+                record['size'] = (path / name).stat().st_size
+                found = archives(path)
+                keep = kept(found, {option: backup[option] for option in vpnrouter.backup_keeps(backup['schedule'])})
+                for item in found:
+                    if item['name'] not in keep:
+                        (path / item['name']).unlink()
+                        record['removed'].append(item['name'])
+                if backup['rclone_remote']:
+                    record['cloud'] = {'remote': backup['rclone_remote'], 'mode': backup['rclone_mode'],
+                                       'result': 'ok', 'error': None}
+                    try:
+                        cloud(cfg)
+                    except Failure as exc:
+                        record['cloud'].update(result='failed', error=str(exc))
+            record['result'] = 'warning' if record['cloud'] and record['cloud']['result'] != 'ok' else 'ok'
+        except (Failure, OSError) as exc:
+            record['result'] = 'failed'
+            record['error'] = str(exc)
+        finally:
+            shutil.rmtree(STAGING, ignore_errors=True)
+            record['finished'] = now()
+            write_state(record)
+    return record
+
+
+def snapshots(cfg):
+    """The PBS snapshots of this host, as proxmox-backup-client lists them."""
+    namespace = cfg['backup']['pbs_namespace']
+    return command([str(PBS_CLIENT), 'snapshot', 'list', f'host/{host()}', *(['--ns', namespace] if namespace else [])],
+                   env=pbs_environment(cfg))
+
+
+def extract(cfg, source, pbs):
+    """Unpack a local archive, or with pbs fetch a snapshot, to RESTORE_DIR, emptied first; the manifest."""
+    shutil.rmtree(RESTORE_DIR, ignore_errors=True)
+    RESTORE_DIR.mkdir(parents=True, mode=0o700)
+    if pbs:
+        command([str(PBS_CLIENT), 'restore', source, PBS_ARCHIVE, str(RESTORE_DIR), *pbs_options(cfg)],
+                env=pbs_environment(cfg))
+    else:
+        command(['tar', '--zstd', '-xf', source, '-C', str(RESTORE_DIR)])
+    try:
+        return json.loads((RESTORE_DIR / 'manifest.json').read_text(encoding='utf-8'))
+    except (OSError, ValueError):
+        raise Failure(f'{source} is not a backup of vpn-router-backup: it has no manifest.json')
+
+
+def put_back(relative, target, saved):
+    """Move target to saved, keeping its path, and copy the staged relative path of RESTORE_DIR in its place."""
+    target = pathlib.Path(target)
+    if target.exists() or target.is_symlink():
+        keep = saved / target.relative_to('/')
+        keep.parent.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
+        shutil.move(target, keep)
+    target.parent.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
+    command(['cp', '-a', str(RESTORE_DIR / relative), str(target)])
+
+
+def restore(source, pbs, confirm):
+    """Put the backup back: a local archive, or with pbs a snapshot; confirm(manifest) is asked before any change.
+
+    What is replaced is kept in BEFORE_RESTORE. The services of the directory and the database are stopped while they
+    are replaced, and setup applies the configuration afterwards. Returns the directory of what was replaced, or None
+    when confirm declined.
+    """
+    cfg = vpnrouter.load_config()
+    with run_lock():
+        try:
+            manifest = extract(cfg, source, pbs)
+            if not confirm(manifest):
+                return None
+            saved = BEFORE_RESTORE / time.strftime(STAMP, time.gmtime())
+            saved.mkdir(parents=True, mode=0o700)
+            for unit in RESTORE_STOPS:
+                subprocess.run(['systemctl', 'stop', unit], capture_output=True)
+            for item in manifest['items']:
+                if item.startswith('/'):
+                    put_back(item.lstrip('/'), item, saved)
+                elif item.startswith('files/'):
+                    put_back(item, item[len('files'):], saved)
+            if LDIF in manifest['items']:
+                directory = vpnrouter_ldap.DB_DIRECTORY
+                if directory.exists():
+                    shutil.move(directory, saved / 'ldap')
+                directory.mkdir(mode=0o700)
+                command(['slapadd', '-b', vpnrouter_ldap.BASE, '-l', str(RESTORE_DIR / LDIF)])
+                command(['chown', '-R', 'openldap:openldap', str(directory)])
+            subprocess.run(['systemctl', 'start', 'slapd.service'], capture_output=True)
+            restored = vpnrouter.load_config()
+            if not restored['web']['database'].strip():
+                vpnrouter_auth.reset_password(vpnrouter_auth.DATABASE, vpnrouter_auth.DATABASE_SECRET)
+                vpnrouter_auth.provision(restored)
+            dumps = {DUMP: database_args(restored)}
+            for item, (name, secret) in DUMPS.items():
+                if item in manifest['items']:
+                    vpnrouter_auth.reset_password(name, secret)
+                    vpnrouter_auth.provision_database(name, secret)
+                    dumps[item] = (['runuser', '-u', 'postgres', '--'], [f'--dbname={name}'])
+            for item, (prefix, database) in dumps.items():
+                if item not in manifest['items']:
+                    continue
+                with open(RESTORE_DIR / item, 'rb') as dump:
+                    result = subprocess.run([*prefix, 'pg_restore', '--clean', '--if-exists', *database], stdin=dump,
+                                            stdout=subprocess.DEVNULL, stderr=subprocess.PIPE)
+                if result.returncode != 0:
+                    raise Failure(f'pg_restore of {item} failed: {result.stderr.decode(errors="replace").strip()}')
+            subprocess.run(['systemctl', 'start', 'vpn-router-web.service'], capture_output=True)
+            command(['systemctl', 'restart', 'vpn-router-setup.service'])
+            for unit in RESTORE_RESTARTS:
+                subprocess.run(['systemctl', 'try-restart', unit], capture_output=True)
+            subprocess.run(['ufw', 'reload'], capture_output=True)
+            return saved
+        finally:
+            shutil.rmtree(RESTORE_DIR, ignore_errors=True)

debian-package/src/usr/lib/vpn-router/vpnrouter_dns.py

@@ -0,0 +1,401 @@
+"""The router's authoritative name server, PowerDNS with its gpgsql backend, for vpn-router-setup and the web service.
+
+The name server is the primary of its domains and answers on the addresses of the interfaces of dns.listen. The
+domains, their secondary name servers and the records an administrator added (manual records) are in the
+vpn-router-dns database, which provision() creates with its role and the password in DATABASE_SECRET, and fills with
+the schema of pdns-backend-pgsql, PDNS_SCHEMA; DNS_SQL defines the router's own tables and procedures, and the first
+connection of a process loads it.
+
+apply() writes every domain as a primary zone: its SOA with dns.nameserver, its NS, dns.nameserver and the name
+servers of its secondaries, the NS of the domains directly below it, A and AAAA records of dns.addresses for its apex,
+for those name servers inside it that are the router, and, when the domain has site records, for every host name of an
+enabled site whose closest domain it is, and the manual records, but those of a name and type the records before them
+have. A secondary's address is notified of every change (ALSO-NOTIFY) and may transfer the zone (ALLOW-AXFR-FROM); the
+serial of the SOA grows only when the records change.
+
+Every failure of the database raises DatabaseError; a request that cannot be done raises Failure.
+"""
+
+import contextlib
+import ipaddress
+import pathlib
+import re
+
+import psycopg
+from psycopg.rows import dict_row
+
+import vpnrouter
+import vpnrouter_auth
+
+DATABASE = 'vpn-router-dns'
+DATABASE_SECRET = pathlib.Path('/etc/vpn-router/dns-database.secret')
+DNS_SQL = pathlib.Path('/usr/share/vpn-router/sql/dns.sql')
+
+#: The schema of PowerDNS's gpgsql backend, which pdns-backend-pgsql installs.
+PDNS_SCHEMA = pathlib.Path('/usr/share/pdns-backend-pgsql/schema/schema.pgsql.sql')
+
+#: The settings of PowerDNS that vpn-router-setup writes, read after /etc/powerdns/pdns.conf; the server, its unit and
+#: the group it runs as.
+PDNS_CONF = pathlib.Path('/etc/powerdns/pdns.d/vpn-router.conf')
+PDNS_SERVER = pathlib.Path('/usr/sbin/pdns_server')
+UNIT = 'pdns.service'
+GROUP = 'pdns'
+
+#: The types of the manual records.
+TYPES = ('A', 'AAAA', 'CNAME', 'TXT', 'MX', 'SRV', 'CAA')
+
+#: The most domains, secondaries of a domain, and manual records of a domain.
+DOMAINS_MAX = 100
+SECONDARIES_MAX = 8
+MANUAL_MAX = 1000
+
+#: The refresh, retry and expire times of the SOA, in seconds.
+SOA_TIMES = '10800 3600 604800'
+
+#: A label of a record's name: letters, digits, hyphens and underscores, or * as the first label.
+LABEL = re.compile(r'^[a-z0-9_]([a-z0-9_-]{0,61}[a-z0-9_])?$')
+
+#: The content of an MX, SRV and CAA record, and a DNS name a record points to.
+MX = re.compile(r'^(\d{1,5}) (\S+)$')
+SRV = re.compile(r'^(\d{1,5}) (\d{1,5}) (\d{1,5}) (\S+)$')
+CAA = re.compile(r'^(0|128) (issue|issuewild|iodef) "[^"\\]*"$')
+TARGET = re.compile(r'^[a-z0-9_]([a-z0-9_-]{0,61}[a-z0-9_])?(\.[a-z0-9_]([a-z0-9_-]{0,61}[a-z0-9_])?)*$')
+
+#: The longest content of a TXT record, in characters.
+TXT_MAX = 2048
+
+#: Whether this process has loaded DNS_SQL.
+_loaded = False
+
+
+class DatabaseError(Exception):
+    """The database of the name server failed."""
+
+
+class Failure(Exception):
+    """A request that cannot be done; status is 2 invalid, 3 no such domain, secondary or record, 4 the domain
+    exists."""
+
+    def __init__(self, message, status=2):
+        super().__init__(message)
+        self.status = status
+
+
+def provision():
+    """Create the role, its password file and the database of the name server when they are missing, and PowerDNS's
+    tables in it; DatabaseError while pdns-backend-pgsql is not installed."""
+    vpnrouter_auth.provision_database(DATABASE, DATABASE_SECRET)
+    try:
+        with psycopg.connect(vpnrouter_auth.local_connection(DATABASE, DATABASE_SECRET), autocommit=True) as connection:
+            if connection.execute("SELECT to_regclass('public.domains')").fetchone()[0] is None:
+                connection.execute(PDNS_SCHEMA.read_text(encoding='utf-8'))
+    except OSError as exc:
+        raise DatabaseError(f'the schema of PowerDNS cannot be read: {exc}') from exc
+    except psycopg.Error as exc:
+        raise DatabaseError(f'the database of the name server failed: {exc}') from exc
+
+
+@contextlib.contextmanager
+def database():
+    """A connection to the database of the name server, with the router's tables and procedures, closed at the end;
+    DatabaseError on any failure, also before provision() made it."""
+    global _loaded
+    try:
+        schema = None if _loaded else DNS_SQL.read_text(encoding='utf-8')
+        target = vpnrouter_auth.local_connection(DATABASE, DATABASE_SECRET)
+    except OSError as exc:
+        raise DatabaseError(f'the database of the name server is not ready: {exc}') from exc
+    try:
+        with psycopg.connect(target, autocommit=True, row_factory=dict_row) as connection:
+            if schema is not None:
+                connection.execute(schema)
+                _loaded = True
+            yield connection
+    except psycopg.Error as exc:
+        raise DatabaseError(f'the database of the name server failed: {exc}') from exc
+
+
+def in_zone(zone, name):
+    return name == zone or name.endswith(f'.{zone}')
+
+
+def absolute(zone, name):
+    """The record name in the zone: @ or '' is the zone itself, a name ending in a dot is taken as it is, any other is
+    relative to the zone; Failure for a name outside the zone or not a DNS name."""
+    if not isinstance(name, str):
+        raise Failure('name must be a string')
+    name = name.strip().lower()
+    if name in ('', '@'):
+        return zone
+    full = name[:-1] if name.endswith('.') else f'{name}.{zone}'
+    labels = full.split('.')
+    if not in_zone(zone, full) or not all(LABEL.match(label) or (index == 0 and label == '*')
+                                          for index, label in enumerate(labels)):
+        raise Failure(f'{name!r} is not a name in {zone}')
+    return full
+
+
+def check_record(zone, record):
+    """The manual record {name, type, content, ttl?} with its name made absolute and its content checked; Failure when
+    it is not valid. A TXT content not in quotes is quoted."""
+    if not isinstance(record, dict):
+        raise Failure('a record is an object of name, type, content and ttl')
+    name = absolute(zone, record.get('name'))
+    kind = record.get('type')
+    content = record.get('content')
+    ttl = record.get('ttl')
+    if kind not in TYPES:
+        raise Failure(f'type must be one of {", ".join(TYPES)}')
+    if not isinstance(content, str) or not content.strip():
+        raise Failure('content must be a string')
+    if ttl is not None and (isinstance(ttl, bool) or not isinstance(ttl, int) or not 60 <= ttl <= 86400):
+        raise Failure('ttl must be 60 to 86400 seconds')
+    content = content.strip()
+    if kind in ('A', 'AAAA'):
+        try:
+            address = ipaddress.ip_address(content)
+        except ValueError:
+            address = None
+        if address is None or address.version != (4 if kind == 'A' else 6):
+            raise Failure(f'{content!r} is not an IPv{4 if kind == "A" else 6} address')
+        content = str(address)
+    elif kind == 'CNAME':
+        if name == zone:
+            raise Failure('the zone itself cannot have a CNAME record')
+        content = content.lower().rstrip('.')
+        if not TARGET.match(content):
+            raise Failure(f'{content!r} is not a DNS name')
+    elif kind == 'TXT':
+        if not (content.startswith('"') and content.endswith('"') and len(content) > 1):
+            content = '"' + content.replace('\\', '\\\\').replace('"', '\\"') + '"'
+        if len(content) > TXT_MAX or not content.isprintable():
+            raise Failure(f'the text must have at most {TXT_MAX} printable characters')
+    elif kind in ('MX', 'SRV'):
+        match = (MX if kind == 'MX' else SRV).match(content.lower())
+        if not match or any(int(value) > 65535 for value in match.groups()[:-1]) or \
+                not TARGET.match(match.groups()[-1].rstrip('.')):
+            raise Failure(f'{kind} content is ' + ('"<preference> <host>"' if kind == 'MX'
+                                                    else '"<priority> <weight> <port> <host>"'))
+        content = ' '.join([*match.groups()[:-1], match.groups()[-1].rstrip('.')])
+    elif not CAA.match(content):
+        raise Failure('CAA content is "<0 or 128> <issue, issuewild or iodef> \\"<value>\\""')
+    return {'name': name, 'type': kind, 'content': content, 'ttl': ttl}
+
+
+def closest(zones, name):
+    """The longest of the zones the name is in, None when it is in none."""
+    return max((zone for zone in zones if in_zone(zone, name)), key=len, default=None)
+
+
+def check_domain(name):
+    """The domain name in lowercase without a final dot; Failure when it is not a DNS name."""
+    if not isinstance(name, str) or not vpnrouter.ZONE_NAME.match(name.strip().lower().rstrip('.')):
+        raise Failure(f'{name!r} is not a domain name')
+    return name.strip().lower().rstrip('.')
+
+
+def check_ttl(ttl):
+    if ttl is not None and (isinstance(ttl, bool) or not isinstance(ttl, int) or
+                            not vpnrouter.DNS_TTL_RANGE[0] <= ttl <= vpnrouter.DNS_TTL_RANGE[1]):
+        raise Failure(f'ttl must be {vpnrouter.DNS_TTL_RANGE[0]} to {vpnrouter.DNS_TTL_RANGE[1]} seconds')
+    return ttl
+
+
+def domain(connection, name):
+    """The domain; Failure with status 3 when there is none."""
+    row = next((row for row in connection.execute('SELECT * FROM dns_domains_list()').fetchall()
+                if row['name'] == name), None)
+    if row is None:
+        raise Failure(f'no domain {name}', 3)
+    return row
+
+
+def listing():
+    """Every domain with its secondaries, its manual records and the records the name server answers for it."""
+    with database() as connection:
+        secondaries = connection.execute('SELECT * FROM dns_secondaries_list()').fetchall()
+        manual = connection.execute('SELECT * FROM dns_records_list()').fetchall()
+        return [{**row,
+                 'secondaries': [{key: item[key] for key in ('nameserver', 'address')}
+                                 for item in secondaries if item['domain'] == row['name']],
+                 'manual': [{key: item[key] for key in ('name', 'type', 'content', 'ttl')}
+                            for item in manual if item['domain'] == row['name']],
+                 'records': connection.execute('SELECT * FROM dns_served(%s)', (row['name'],)).fetchall()}
+                for row in connection.execute('SELECT * FROM dns_domains_list()').fetchall()]
+
+
+def domain_add(body):
+    """Add the domain {name, sites, ttl?}; the domain."""
+    if not isinstance(body, dict) or not isinstance(body.get('sites', False), bool):
+        raise Failure('a domain is an object of name, sites and ttl')
+    name, sites, ttl = check_domain(body.get('name')), body.get('sites', False), check_ttl(body.get('ttl'))
+    with database() as connection:
+        names = [row['name'] for row in connection.execute('SELECT * FROM dns_domains_list()').fetchall()]
+        if name in names:
+            raise Failure(f'the domain {name} exists', 4)
+        if len(names) >= DOMAINS_MAX:
+            raise Failure(f'the name server has {DOMAINS_MAX} domains')
+        connection.execute('CALL dns_domain_put(%s, %s, %s)', (name, sites, ttl))
+    return {'name': name, 'sites': sites, 'ttl': ttl}
+
+
+def domain_change(name, body):
+    """Change the sites and ttl of the domain; the domain."""
+    if not isinstance(body, dict) or not set(body) <= {'sites', 'ttl'} or \
+            not isinstance(body.get('sites', False), bool):
+        raise Failure('a change of a domain is an object of sites and ttl')
+    with database() as connection:
+        row = domain(connection, name)
+        sites, ttl = body.get('sites', row['sites']), check_ttl(body.get('ttl', row['ttl']))
+        connection.execute('CALL dns_domain_put(%s, %s, %s)', (name, sites, ttl))
+    return {'name': name, 'sites': sites, 'ttl': ttl}
+
+
+def domain_remove(name):
+    """Remove the domain with its secondaries and manual records."""
+    with database() as connection:
+        domain(connection, name)
+        connection.execute('CALL dns_domain_remove(%s)', (name,))
+    return {'name': name}
+
+
+def secondary_add(name, body):
+    """Add the secondary name server {nameserver, address} of the domain, or set its address; the secondary."""
+    if not isinstance(body, dict):
+        raise Failure('a secondary is an object of nameserver and address')
+    nameserver = body.get('nameserver')
+    if not isinstance(nameserver, str) or not vpnrouter.ZONE_NAME.match(nameserver.strip().lower().rstrip('.')):
+        raise Failure(f'{nameserver!r} is not a name server name')
+    nameserver = nameserver.strip().lower().rstrip('.')
+    try:
+        address = str(ipaddress.ip_address(str(body.get('address', '')).strip()))
+    except ValueError as exc:
+        raise Failure(f'{body.get("address")!r} is not an IP address') from exc
+    with database() as connection:
+        domain(connection, name)
+        others = [row for row in connection.execute('SELECT * FROM dns_secondaries_list()').fetchall()
+                  if row['domain'] == name and row['nameserver'] != nameserver]
+        if len(others) >= SECONDARIES_MAX:
+            raise Failure(f'the domain {name} has {SECONDARIES_MAX} secondaries')
+        connection.execute('CALL dns_secondary_put(%s, %s, %s)', (name, nameserver, address))
+    return {'domain': name, 'nameserver': nameserver, 'address': address}
+
+
+def secondary_remove(name, nameserver):
+    """Remove the secondary name server of the domain."""
+    with database() as connection:
+        domain(connection, name)
+        if not any(row['domain'] == name and row['nameserver'] == nameserver
+                   for row in connection.execute('SELECT * FROM dns_secondaries_list()').fetchall()):
+            raise Failure(f'no secondary {nameserver} of {name}', 3)
+        connection.execute('CALL dns_secondary_remove(%s, %s)', (name, nameserver))
+    return {'domain': name, 'nameserver': nameserver}
+
+
+def add(cfg, name, record):
+    """Add the manual record to the domain, or set the TTL of the same one; the record. A name in a domain below it
+    belongs to that domain."""
+    with database() as connection:
+        row = domain(connection, name)
+        record = check_record(name, record)
+        record['ttl'] = record['ttl'] or row['ttl'] or cfg['dns']['ttl']
+        zones = [item['name'] for item in connection.execute('SELECT * FROM dns_domains_list()').fetchall()]
+        owner = closest(zones, record['name'])
+        if owner != name:
+            raise Failure(f'{record["name"]} is in the domain {owner}')
+        records = [item for item in connection.execute('SELECT * FROM dns_records_list()').fetchall()
+                   if item['domain'] == name]
+        same = [item for item in records if (item['name'], item['type']) == (record['name'], record['type'])]
+        others = [item for item in records if item['name'] == record['name'] and item['type'] != record['type']]
+        if len(records) >= MANUAL_MAX and not same:
+            raise Failure(f'the domain {name} has {MANUAL_MAX} manual records')
+        if record['type'] == 'CNAME' and (others or [item for item in same if item['content'] != record['content']]):
+            raise Failure(f'{record["name"]} has other records; a CNAME record must be its only record')
+        if any(item['type'] == 'CNAME' for item in others):
+            raise Failure(f'{record["name"]} has a CNAME record, which must be its only record')
+        connection.execute('CALL dns_record_put(%s, %s, %s, %s, %s)',
+                           (name, record['name'], record['type'], record['content'], record['ttl']))
+    return record
+
+
+def remove(name, record_name, kind, content):
+    """Remove the manual records of the name and type in the domain, only the one of the content when it is given."""
+    full = absolute(name, record_name)
+    with database() as connection:
+        domain(connection, name)
+        found = [row for row in connection.execute('SELECT * FROM dns_records_list()').fetchall()
+                 if (row['domain'], row['name'], row['type']) == (name, full, kind)
+                 and content in (None, row['content'])]
+        if not found:
+            raise Failure(f'no {kind} record of {full}', 3)
+        connection.execute('CALL dns_record_remove(%s, %s, %s, %s)', (name, full, kind, content))
+    return {'name': full, 'type': kind, 'removed': len(found)}
+
+
+def records(cfg, row, zones, secondaries, hosts, manual_records):
+    """The records of the domain row besides its SOA, as (name, type, content, ttl): the NS of the domain and of the
+    domains directly below it, the A and AAAA records of dns.addresses for its apex, dns.nameserver when it is inside
+    and, with site records, each host name whose closest domain it is, the glue of the secondaries inside it, and its
+    manual records. secondaries maps a domain to its secondaries."""
+    dns = cfg['dns']
+    zone, nameserver, ttl = row['name'], dns['nameserver'].strip(), row['ttl'] or dns['ttl']
+    addresses = [ipaddress.ip_address(item.strip()) for item in dns['addresses'] if item.strip()]
+    children = [name for name in zones
+                if name != zone and closest([item for item in zones if item != name], name) == zone]
+    found = [(name, 'NS', server, ttl) for name in [zone, *children]
+             for server in [nameserver, *(item['nameserver'] for item in secondaries.get(name, []))]]
+    for name in dict.fromkeys([zone, *([nameserver] if in_zone(zone, nameserver) else []),
+                               *(host for host in hosts if row['sites'] and closest(zones, host) == zone)]):
+        found += [(name, 'A' if address.version == 4 else 'AAAA', str(address), ttl) for address in addresses]
+    for item in (item for name in [zone, *children] for item in secondaries.get(name, [])):
+        if in_zone(zone, item['nameserver']) and item['nameserver'] != nameserver:
+            address = ipaddress.ip_address(item['address'])
+            found.append((item['nameserver'], 'A' if address.version == 4 else 'AAAA', str(address), ttl))
+    taken = {(name, kind) for name, kind, _, _ in found}
+    found += [(item['name'], item['type'], item['content'], item['ttl']) for item in manual_records
+              if (item['name'], item['type']) not in taken]
+    return list(dict.fromkeys(found))
+
+
+def apply(cfg, hosts):
+    """Make the name server the primary of every domain with records(), and of none while dns.enabled is false."""
+    with database() as connection:
+        if not cfg['dns']['enabled']:
+            connection.execute('CALL dns_retain(%s::text[])', ([],))
+            return
+        dns = cfg['dns']
+        domains = connection.execute('SELECT * FROM dns_domains_list()').fetchall()
+        zones = [row['name'] for row in domains]
+        secondaries, manual = {}, {}
+        for item in connection.execute('SELECT * FROM dns_secondaries_list()').fetchall():
+            secondaries.setdefault(item['domain'], []).append(item)
+        for item in connection.execute('SELECT * FROM dns_records_list()').fetchall():
+            manual.setdefault(item['domain'], []).append(item)
+        for row in domains:
+            zone, ttl = row['name'], row['ttl'] or dns['ttl']
+            rows = records(cfg, row, zones, secondaries, hosts, manual.get(zone, []))
+            soa = f'{dns["nameserver"].strip()} hostmaster.{zone} {{serial}} {SOA_TIMES} {ttl}'
+            connection.execute('CALL dns_apply(%s, %s, %s, %s::text[], %s::text[], %s::text[], %s::integer[], '
+                               '%s::text[])',
+                               (zone, soa, ttl, [item[0] for item in rows], [item[1] for item in rows],
+                                [item[2] for item in rows], [item[3] for item in rows],
+                                [item['address'] for item in secondaries.get(zone, [])]))
+        connection.execute('CALL dns_retain(%s::text[])', (zones,))
+
+
+def config_text(addresses):
+    """The settings of PowerDNS: the gpgsql backend on the database of the name server, primary operation, and the
+    addresses it answers on."""
+    password = DATABASE_SECRET.read_text(encoding='utf-8').strip()
+    return '\n'.join([
+        '# Written by vpn-router-setup from /etc/vpn-router/vpn-router.json; edits are overwritten.',
+        'launch=gpgsql',
+        'gpgsql-host=localhost',
+        f'gpgsql-dbname={DATABASE}',
+        f'gpgsql-user={DATABASE}',
+        f'gpgsql-password={password}',
+        'primary=yes',
+        f'local-address={", ".join(addresses)}',
+        'local-port=53',
+        '',
+    ])

debian-package/src/usr/lib/vpn-router/vpnrouter_ldap.py

@@ -11,6 +11,16 @@ The password policy locks an account for LOCKOUT_SECONDS after LOCKOUT_FAILURES
 a successful bind clears the count. slapd's otp overlay is configured on the database, so a
 bind of a user with a TOTP token takes the password followed by a current code.
 cn=totp,ou=policies holds the TOTP parameters the token of every user points to.
+
+A user with console login on its own account is also a posixAccount, with a uidNumber from
+CONSOLE_UID_MIN and the gidNumber of the local group CONSOLE_GROUP; nslcd serves those with
+vpnRouterConsoleLogin TRUE to the system over the local socket.
+
+ou=pki holds the router's PKI (vpnrouter_pki): an entry per CA, and under it an entry per
+certificate the CA issued. Private keys are readable by root alone, the database's root DN.
+
+ou=roles holds the roles of the resources of the OpenID Provider: an entry per role,
+cn=<resource>:<role>, whose members are the groups, users and service accounts it is assigned to.
 """
 
 import os
@@ -24,11 +34,15 @@ import ldap.modlist
 import ldap.sasl
 
 URI = 'ldapi:///'
+#: The local socket ldapi:/// names, which slapd listens on.
+SLAPD_SOCKET = '/var/run/slapd/ldapi'
 BASE = 'dc=vpn-router,dc=local'
 USERS = f'ou=users,{BASE}'
 GROUPS = f'ou=groups,{BASE}'
 SERVICES = f'ou=services,{BASE}'
 POLICIES = f'ou=policies,{BASE}'
+PKI = f'ou=pki,{BASE}'
+ROLES = f'ou=roles,{BASE}'
 DEFAULT_POLICY = f'cn=default,{POLICIES}'
 TOTP_PARAMS = f'cn=totp,{POLICIES}'
 MANAGER = f'cn=user-manager,{SERVICES}'
@@ -52,17 +66,84 @@ OVERLAYS = ('ppolicy', 'otp')
 
 #: The package's own schema, under an OID of the UUID arc 2.25 (ITU-T X.667): attribute types
 #: under .1 and object classes under .2. vpnRouterAccount, auxiliary, adds properties of the
-#: package to a user of either kind: mail, for a Manager-only account, and vpnRouterScope,
-#: authorization scopes that nothing reads yet.
+#: package to a user of either kind: mail, for a Manager-only account, vpnRouterScope,
+#: authorization scopes, of which service marks a service account, displayName and
+#: description, the labels of a service account, and vpnRouterConsoleLogin and
+#: vpnRouterConsoleAccount, whether the user may use a console and the local account it runs as,
+#: without which it runs as the user's own posixAccount, and vpnRouterWireGuardPeer, each a
+#: WireGuard peer of the user as "<public key> <IP>[,<IP>...]", and vpnRouterPasskey, each a
+#: passkey of the user as JSON (vpnrouter_passkeys). A service account with vpnRouterRedirectUri
+#: is a client of the OpenID Provider (vpnrouter_oidc): the URIs it is sent back to after a sign-in
+#: and, vpnRouterPostLogoutRedirectUri, after a sign-out, and vpnRouterAllowedGroup, the DNs of the
+#: groups whose members may sign in to it; vpnRouterGrantType, the further grants it may use,
+#: vpnRouterPublicClient, whether it has no secret, and vpnRouterClientScope, the scopes of
+#: resources it may ask for, as <resource>:<scope>. A service account with vpnRouterResourceScope
+#: is a resource of the OpenID Provider with those scopes. vpnRouterRole is a role of a resource,
+#: named cn=<resource>:<role>, with the DNs of the groups and accounts it is assigned to in
+#: member. vpnRouterAuthority is a CA of the PKI: its
+#: certificate and CRL (cACertificate and certificateRevocationList of RFC 4523), its key, the
+#: CSR it waits with for the offline root, the number of its last CRL, where the CRL came from,
+#: and when it was retired. vpnRouterCertificate is a certificate a CA issued, named by its
+#: serial number: the certificate, the key the router keeps for its own and the users'
+#: certificates, its kind, template, names and expiry, and its revocation.
 SCHEMA_OID = '2.25.98477352595735834532404256531620013001'
 SCHEMA_NAME = 'vpn-router'
+_STRING = 'EQUALITY caseIgnoreMatch SYNTAX 1.3.6.1.4.1.1466.115.121.1.15{256} SINGLE-VALUE'
+_TIME = 'EQUALITY generalizedTimeMatch ORDERING generalizedTimeOrderingMatch SYNTAX 1.3.6.1.4.1.1466.115.121.1.24 SINGLE-VALUE'
+_OCTETS = 'EQUALITY octetStringMatch SYNTAX 1.3.6.1.4.1.1466.115.121.1.40 SINGLE-VALUE'
 SCHEMA_ATTRIBUTE_TYPES = (
     f"( {SCHEMA_OID}.1.1 NAME 'vpnRouterScope' DESC 'VPN router: an authorization scope of the account' "
     "EQUALITY caseIgnoreMatch SUBSTR caseIgnoreSubstringsMatch SYNTAX 1.3.6.1.4.1.1466.115.121.1.15{256} )",
+    f"( {SCHEMA_OID}.1.2 NAME 'vpnRouterPrivateKey' DESC 'VPN router: a private key, PEM' {_OCTETS} )",
+    f"( {SCHEMA_OID}.1.3 NAME 'vpnRouterCertificateRequest' DESC 'VPN router: the CSR of a CA, PEM' {_OCTETS} )",
+    f"( {SCHEMA_OID}.1.4 NAME 'vpnRouterCRLNumber' DESC 'VPN router: the number of the last CRL of a CA' "
+    "EQUALITY integerMatch SYNTAX 1.3.6.1.4.1.1466.115.121.1.27 SINGLE-VALUE )",
+    f"( {SCHEMA_OID}.1.5 NAME 'vpnRouterCRLSource' DESC 'VPN router: signed or uploaded, where the CRL of a CA came from' {_STRING} )",
+    f"( {SCHEMA_OID}.1.6 NAME 'vpnRouterRetired' DESC 'VPN router: when a CA was retired' {_TIME} )",
+    f"( {SCHEMA_OID}.1.7 NAME 'vpnRouterKind' DESC 'VPN router: ca, router, user or external, the kind of a certificate' {_STRING} )",
+    f"( {SCHEMA_OID}.1.8 NAME 'vpnRouterTemplate' DESC 'VPN router: the template of a certificate' {_STRING} )",
+    f"( {SCHEMA_OID}.1.9 NAME 'vpnRouterSubjectAltName' DESC 'VPN router: a subject alternative name of a certificate' "
+    "EQUALITY caseIgnoreMatch SYNTAX 1.3.6.1.4.1.1466.115.121.1.15{256} )",
+    f"( {SCHEMA_OID}.1.10 NAME 'vpnRouterNotAfter' DESC 'VPN router: when a certificate expires' {_TIME} )",
+    f"( {SCHEMA_OID}.1.11 NAME 'vpnRouterRevoked' DESC 'VPN router: when a certificate was revoked' {_TIME} )",
+    f"( {SCHEMA_OID}.1.12 NAME 'vpnRouterRevocationReason' DESC 'VPN router: why a certificate was revoked' {_STRING} )",
+    f"( {SCHEMA_OID}.1.13 NAME 'vpnRouterConsoleLogin' DESC 'VPN router: whether the user may use a console' "
+    "EQUALITY booleanMatch SYNTAX 1.3.6.1.4.1.1466.115.121.1.7 SINGLE-VALUE )",
+    f"( {SCHEMA_OID}.1.14 NAME 'vpnRouterConsoleAccount' DESC 'VPN router: the local account the console of the user runs as' "
+    f"{_STRING} )",
+    f"( {SCHEMA_OID}.1.15 NAME 'vpnRouterWireGuardPeer' DESC 'VPN router: a WireGuard peer of the user, its public key and IPs' "
+    "EQUALITY caseExactMatch SYNTAX 1.3.6.1.4.1.1466.115.121.1.15{1024} )",
+    f"( {SCHEMA_OID}.1.16 NAME 'vpnRouterPasskey' DESC 'VPN router: a passkey of the user, its credential as JSON' "
+    "EQUALITY caseExactMatch SYNTAX 1.3.6.1.4.1.1466.115.121.1.15{4096} )",
+    f"( {SCHEMA_OID}.1.17 NAME 'vpnRouterRedirectUri' DESC 'VPN router: a redirect URI of an OpenID Connect client' "
+    "EQUALITY caseExactMatch SYNTAX 1.3.6.1.4.1.1466.115.121.1.15{1024} )",
+    f"( {SCHEMA_OID}.1.18 NAME 'vpnRouterPostLogoutRedirectUri' DESC 'VPN router: a post-logout redirect URI of an "
+    "OpenID Connect client' EQUALITY caseExactMatch SYNTAX 1.3.6.1.4.1.1466.115.121.1.15{1024} )",
+    f"( {SCHEMA_OID}.1.19 NAME 'vpnRouterAllowedGroup' DESC 'VPN router: a group whose members may sign in to an "
+    "OpenID Connect client' EQUALITY distinguishedNameMatch SYNTAX 1.3.6.1.4.1.1466.115.121.1.12 )",
+    f"( {SCHEMA_OID}.1.20 NAME 'vpnRouterGrantType' DESC 'VPN router: a grant an OpenID Connect client may use besides "
+    "the authorization code' EQUALITY caseExactMatch SYNTAX 1.3.6.1.4.1.1466.115.121.1.15{64} )",
+    f"( {SCHEMA_OID}.1.21 NAME 'vpnRouterPublicClient' DESC 'VPN router: whether an OpenID Connect client has no secret' "
+    "EQUALITY booleanMatch SYNTAX 1.3.6.1.4.1.1466.115.121.1.7 SINGLE-VALUE )",
+    f"( {SCHEMA_OID}.1.22 NAME 'vpnRouterClientScope' DESC 'VPN router: a scope of a resource an OpenID Connect client "
+    "may ask for' EQUALITY caseExactMatch SYNTAX 1.3.6.1.4.1.1466.115.121.1.15{128} )",
+    f"( {SCHEMA_OID}.1.23 NAME 'vpnRouterResourceScope' DESC 'VPN router: a scope of a resource of the OpenID Provider' "
+    "EQUALITY caseExactMatch SYNTAX 1.3.6.1.4.1.1466.115.121.1.15{64} )",
 )
 SCHEMA_OBJECT_CLASSES = (
     f"( {SCHEMA_OID}.2.1 NAME 'vpnRouterAccount' DESC 'VPN router: properties of a user or a Manager-only account' "
-    "SUP top AUXILIARY MAY ( mail $ vpnRouterScope ) )",
+    "SUP top AUXILIARY MAY ( mail $ vpnRouterScope $ displayName $ description $ vpnRouterConsoleLogin $ "
+    "vpnRouterConsoleAccount $ vpnRouterWireGuardPeer $ vpnRouterPasskey $ vpnRouterRedirectUri $ "
+    "vpnRouterPostLogoutRedirectUri $ vpnRouterAllowedGroup $ vpnRouterGrantType $ vpnRouterPublicClient $ "
+    "vpnRouterClientScope $ vpnRouterResourceScope ) )",
+    f"( {SCHEMA_OID}.2.2 NAME 'vpnRouterAuthority' DESC 'VPN router: a CA of the PKI' SUP top STRUCTURAL MUST cn "
+    "MAY ( cACertificate $ certificateRevocationList $ vpnRouterPrivateKey $ vpnRouterCertificateRequest $ "
+    "vpnRouterCRLNumber $ vpnRouterCRLSource $ vpnRouterRetired ) )",
+    f"( {SCHEMA_OID}.2.3 NAME 'vpnRouterCertificate' DESC 'VPN router: a certificate a CA of the PKI issued' SUP top "
+    "STRUCTURAL MUST serialNumber MAY ( cn $ userCertificate $ vpnRouterPrivateKey $ vpnRouterKind $ vpnRouterTemplate $ "
+    "vpnRouterSubjectAltName $ vpnRouterNotAfter $ vpnRouterRevoked $ vpnRouterRevocationReason ) )",
+    f"( {SCHEMA_OID}.2.4 NAME 'vpnRouterRole' DESC 'VPN router: a role of a resource of the OpenID Provider' SUP top "
+    "STRUCTURAL MUST cn MAY ( description $ member ) )",
 )
 
 #: The TOTP parameters: digits, the OID of HMAC-SHA1, seconds per time step, and the time steps accepted before and after now.
@@ -71,12 +152,27 @@ TOTP_ALGORITHM = '1.2.840.113549.2.7'
 TOTP_PERIOD = 30
 TOTP_WINDOW = 1
 
+#: The value of pwdAccountLockedTime that disables a user until it is enabled again.
+DISABLED = '000001010000Z'
+
+#: The indexes of the database.
+INDEXES = ('objectClass eq', 'uid eq', 'uidNumber eq', 'vpnRouterConsoleLogin eq')
+
+#: The POSIX accounts of console login (vpnrouter_users.console): the lowest uidNumber, which nslcd's nss_min_uid
+#: matches, the local group that is their primary group and grants sudo, the shell and the parent of their homes.
+CONSOLE_UID_MIN = 20000
+CONSOLE_GROUP = 'vpn-router-console'
+CONSOLE_SHELL = '/bin/bash'
+CONSOLE_HOMES = '/home'
+
 #: The ACLs of the database, in order.
 ACCESS = (
+    'to attrs=vpnRouterPrivateKey by * none',
     f'to attrs=userPassword by dn.exact="{MANAGER}" =wx by self =wx by anonymous auth by * none',
     f'to attrs=oathSecret by dn.exact="{MANAGER}" =w by * none',
     f'to dn.subtree="{USERS}" by dn.exact="{MANAGER}" manage by * read',
     f'to dn.subtree="{GROUPS}" by dn.exact="{MANAGER}" manage by * read',
+    f'to dn.subtree="{ROLES}" by dn.exact="{MANAGER}" manage by * read',
     'to * by * read',
 )
 
@@ -125,20 +221,27 @@ def _ensure_modules(connection):
 
 
 def _ensure_schema(connection):
-    """Add the package's schema to cn=config when missing, else set its definitions that differ."""
+    """Add the package's schema to cn=config when missing, else add the definitions it lacks; a definition that differs
+    from the one of the same OID replaces the whole list of its kind."""
     found = connection.search_s('cn=schema,cn=config', ldap.SCOPE_ONELEVEL, f'(cn=*{SCHEMA_NAME})',
                                 ['olcAttributeTypes', 'olcObjectClasses'])
-    attributes = {'olcAttributeTypes': [value.encode() for value in SCHEMA_ATTRIBUTE_TYPES],
-                  'olcObjectClasses': [value.encode() for value in SCHEMA_OBJECT_CLASSES]}
+    attributes = {'olcAttributeTypes': list(SCHEMA_ATTRIBUTE_TYPES), 'olcObjectClasses': list(SCHEMA_OBJECT_CLASSES)}
     if not found:
         connection.add_s(f'cn={SCHEMA_NAME},cn=schema,cn=config', ldap.modlist.addModlist(
-            dict(attributes, objectClass=[b'olcSchemaConfig'], cn=[SCHEMA_NAME.encode()])))
+            dict({name: [value.encode() for value in values] for name, values in attributes.items()},
+                 objectClass=[b'olcSchemaConfig'], cn=[SCHEMA_NAME.encode()])))
         return
     dn, current = found[0]
-    changes = [(ldap.MOD_REPLACE, name, values) for name, values in attributes.items()
-               if unordered(current.get(name, [])) != [value.decode() for value in values]]
-    if changes:
-        connection.modify_s(dn, changes)
+    for name, wanted in attributes.items():
+        present = unordered(current.get(name, []))
+        oids = {value.split()[1] for value in present}
+        missing = [value for value in wanted if value not in present]
+        if not missing:
+            continue
+        if any(value.split()[1] in oids for value in missing):
+            connection.modify_s(dn, [(ldap.MOD_REPLACE, name, [value.encode() for value in wanted])])
+        else:
+            connection.modify_s(dn, [(ldap.MOD_ADD, name, [value.encode() for value in missing])])
 
 
 def _ensure_password_hash(connection):
@@ -149,8 +252,9 @@ def _ensure_password_hash(connection):
 
 
 def _ensure_database(connection):
-    """The DN of the package's database in cn=config, created when missing; its ACLs are kept as ACCESS."""
-    found = connection.search_s('cn=config', ldap.SCOPE_ONELEVEL, f'(olcSuffix={BASE})', ['olcAccess'])
+    """The DN of the package's database in cn=config, created when missing; its ACLs are kept as ACCESS, and the
+    indexes of INDEXES it lacks are added, which slapd builds online."""
+    found = connection.search_s('cn=config', ldap.SCOPE_ONELEVEL, f'(olcSuffix={BASE})', ['olcAccess', 'olcDbIndex'])
     if not found:
         DB_DIRECTORY.mkdir(mode=0o700, parents=True, exist_ok=True)
         openldap = pwd.getpwnam('openldap')
@@ -161,13 +265,17 @@ def _ensure_database(connection):
             'olcSuffix': [BASE.encode()],
             'olcDbDirectory': [str(DB_DIRECTORY).encode()],
             'olcRootDN': [ROOT.encode()],
-            'olcDbIndex': [b'objectClass eq', b'uid eq'],
+            'olcDbIndex': [index.encode() for index in INDEXES],
             'olcAccess': [f'{{{index}}}{rule}'.encode() for index, rule in enumerate(ACCESS)],
         }))
-        found = connection.search_s('cn=config', ldap.SCOPE_ONELEVEL, f'(olcSuffix={BASE})', ['olcAccess'])
+        found = connection.search_s('cn=config', ldap.SCOPE_ONELEVEL, f'(olcSuffix={BASE})', ['olcAccess', 'olcDbIndex'])
     dn, attributes = found[0]
     if unordered(attributes.get('olcAccess', [])) != list(ACCESS):
         connection.modify_s(dn, [(ldap.MOD_REPLACE, 'olcAccess', [f'{{{index}}}{rule}'.encode() for index, rule in enumerate(ACCESS)])])
+    present = [value.decode() for value in attributes.get('olcDbIndex', [])]
+    missing = [index for index in INDEXES if index not in present]
+    if missing:
+        connection.modify_s(dn, [(ldap.MOD_ADD, 'olcDbIndex', [index.encode() for index in missing])])
     return dn
 
 
@@ -219,6 +327,23 @@ def _ensure_manager(connection):
         MANAGER_SECRET.write_text(password, encoding='utf-8')
 
 
+def wireguard_peers():
+    """The WireGuard peers of the users who are not disabled, read as root: [(user, public key, [IP, ...])], sorted."""
+    connection = root()
+    try:
+        found = connection.search_s(USERS, ldap.SCOPE_ONELEVEL,
+                                    f'(&(vpnRouterWireGuardPeer=*)(!(pwdAccountLockedTime={DISABLED})))',
+                                    ['uid', 'vpnRouterWireGuardPeer'])
+    finally:
+        connection.unbind_s()
+    peers = []
+    for _, attributes in found:
+        for value in attributes['vpnRouterWireGuardPeer']:
+            key, _, ips = value.decode().partition(' ')
+            peers.append((attributes['uid'][0].decode(), key, ips.split(',')))
+    return sorted(peers)
+
+
 def provision():
     """Create or bring up to date the modules, the package's schema, database, ACLs, password policy, entries and service account."""
     connection = root()
@@ -229,7 +354,7 @@ def provision():
         database = _ensure_database(connection)
         _ensure_overlays(connection, database)
         _ensure_entry(connection, BASE, {'objectClass': [b'dcObject', b'organization'], 'dc': [b'vpn-router'], 'o': [b'vpn-router']})
-        for unit in (USERS, GROUPS, SERVICES, POLICIES):
+        for unit in (USERS, GROUPS, SERVICES, POLICIES, PKI, ROLES):
             _ensure_entry(connection, unit, {'objectClass': [b'organizationalUnit'], 'ou': [unit.split(',')[0][3:].encode()]})
         _ensure_entry(connection, DEFAULT_POLICY, {
             'objectClass': [b'organizationalRole', b'pwdPolicy'],

debian-package/src/usr/lib/vpn-router/vpnrouter_metrics.py

@@ -0,0 +1,207 @@
+"""The metrics of the router in PostgreSQL, for the metrics service and the web service.
+
+The metrics service writes one detail row per minute to the four detail tables, of TABLES:
+metrics_system (CPU, memory, disk and load averages), metrics_network (bytes per second
+received and sent per interface), metrics_vpn (clients per kind) and metrics_site_to_site (per
+site-to-site connection: up, 1 or 0, bytes and packets per second received and sent, and the
+seconds its IKE SA has been up). Each detail table has four
+summary tables, of LEVELS: <table>_hourly from the details, <table>_daily from the hourly,
+<table>_monthly from the daily and <table>_yearly from the monthly rows. A summary row has the
+start of its period, in UTC, and the average and the maximum of each value over the period: of
+the details for the hourly rows, else the average of the averages and the maximum of the maxima
+below. A period is summarized once it is complete; summarize() catches up every complete period
+after the last summarized one, so a stopped service loses no summary of what was written.
+
+collect_garbage() deletes the rows older than the retention of their level, metrics.keep_*;
+the service runs it on start and once a day. history() answers the views of the Metrics tab.
+
+The tables are in the database of the refresh tokens (vpnrouter_auth.connection_string) and are
+created when missing. Every failure of the database raises DatabaseError.
+"""
+
+import contextlib
+
+import psycopg
+
+import vpnrouter_auth
+
+#: The detail tables: their key columns besides time, and their value columns.
+TABLES = {
+    'metrics_system': ((), ('cpu', 'memory_used', 'memory_total', 'disk_free', 'disk_total', 'load1', 'load5', 'load15')),
+    'metrics_network': (('interface',), ('rx', 'tx')),
+    'metrics_vpn': (('kind',), ('clients',)),
+    'metrics_site_to_site': (('connection',), ('up', 'rx', 'tx', 'packets_rx', 'packets_tx', 'uptime')),
+}
+
+#: The summary levels, from the finest: the suffix of the tables, the period of date_trunc and the retention setting.
+LEVELS = (
+    ('hourly', 'hour', 'keep_hourly'),
+    ('daily', 'day', 'keep_daily'),
+    ('monthly', 'month', 'keep_monthly'),
+    ('yearly', 'year', 'keep_yearly'),
+)
+
+#: The kinds of VPN clients of metrics_vpn.
+VPN_KINDS = ('p2s', 'openvpn', 'wireguard')
+
+#: The time slots of the site-to-site availability of each view of history(): the summary level read (None: the
+#: details), the slot as PostgreSQL starts it from time, and its length.
+UP_SLOTS = {
+    'hour': (None, "date_bin('5 minutes', time, timestamptz '2000-01-01 00:00:00+00')", '5 minutes'),
+    'day': (None, "date_trunc('hour', time, 'UTC')", '1 hour'),
+    'month': ('hourly', "date_trunc('day', time, 'UTC')", '1 day'),
+    'year': ('monthly', "date_trunc('month', time, 'UTC')", '1 month'),
+}
+
+#: The views of history(): the summary level read (None: the details), the bucket and the span.
+RANGES = {
+    'hour': (None, '1 minute', '1 hour'),
+    'day': (None, '10 minutes', '1 day'),
+    'month': ('hourly', '6 hours', '1 month'),
+    'year': ('monthly', '1 month', '1 year'),
+}
+
+
+class DatabaseError(Exception):
+    """The metrics database failed."""
+
+
+def schema():
+    """The statements that create the detail and the summary tables."""
+    statements = []
+    for table, (keys, values) in TABLES.items():
+        key_columns = ''.join(f', {key} text NOT NULL' for key in keys)
+        primary = ', '.join(('time', *keys))
+        detail = ''.join(f', {value} double precision' for value in values)
+        statements.append(f'CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS {table} (time timestamptz NOT NULL{key_columns}{detail}, '
+                          f'PRIMARY KEY ({primary}))')
+        summary = ''.join(f', {value}_avg double precision, {value}_max double precision' for value in values)
+        for suffix, _, _ in LEVELS:
+            statements.append(f'CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS {table}_{suffix} (time timestamptz NOT NULL{key_columns}{summary}, '
+                              f'PRIMARY KEY ({primary}))')
+    return statements
+
+
+@contextlib.contextmanager
+def database(cfg):
+    """A connection to the metrics database, with its tables, closed at the end; DatabaseError on any failure."""
+    try:
+        with psycopg.connect(vpnrouter_auth.connection_string(cfg), autocommit=True) as connection:
+            for statement in schema():
+                connection.execute(statement)
+            yield connection
+    except (psycopg.Error, OSError) as exc:
+        raise DatabaseError(f'the metrics database failed: {exc}') from exc
+
+
+def write(connection, system, network, vpn, site_to_site):
+    """Write a sample as the detail rows of the current minute.
+
+    system maps the values of metrics_system to numbers; network maps an interface to its rx and
+    tx; vpn maps a kind of VPN_KINDS to its clients; site_to_site maps a connection to the values
+    of metrics_site_to_site. A value that is None is written as NULL.
+    """
+    with connection.transaction():
+        minute = connection.execute("SELECT date_trunc('minute', now(), 'UTC')").fetchone()[0]
+        names = TABLES['metrics_system'][1]
+        connection.execute(f"INSERT INTO metrics_system (time, {', '.join(names)}) "
+                           f"VALUES (%s{', %s' * len(names)}) ON CONFLICT DO NOTHING",
+                           (minute, *(system.get(name) for name in names)))
+        for interface, (rx, tx) in network.items():
+            connection.execute('INSERT INTO metrics_network (time, interface, rx, tx) VALUES (%s, %s, %s, %s) '
+                               'ON CONFLICT DO NOTHING', (minute, interface, rx, tx))
+        for kind, clients in vpn.items():
+            connection.execute('INSERT INTO metrics_vpn (time, kind, clients) VALUES (%s, %s, %s) ON CONFLICT DO NOTHING',
+                               (minute, kind, clients))
+        names = TABLES['metrics_site_to_site'][1]
+        for name, values in site_to_site.items():
+            connection.execute(f"INSERT INTO metrics_site_to_site (time, connection, {', '.join(names)}) "
+                               f"VALUES (%s, %s{', %s' * len(names)}) ON CONFLICT DO NOTHING",
+                               (minute, name, *(values.get(value) for value in names)))
+
+
+def summarize(connection, level):
+    """Summarize the complete periods of a level of LEVELS that are not summarized yet, for every detail table."""
+    index = [suffix for suffix, _, _ in LEVELS].index(level)
+    _, period, _ = LEVELS[index]
+    for table, (keys, values) in TABLES.items():
+        target = f'{table}_{level}'
+        source = table if index == 0 else f'{table}_{LEVELS[index - 1][0]}'
+        if index == 0:
+            aggregates = ', '.join(f'avg({value}), max({value})' for value in values)
+        else:
+            aggregates = ', '.join(f'avg({value}_avg), max({value}_max)' for value in values)
+        columns = ', '.join(('time', *keys, *(f'{value}_{kind}' for value in values for kind in ('avg', 'max'))))
+        groups = ''.join(f', {key}' for key in keys)
+        connection.execute(
+            f"INSERT INTO {target} ({columns}) "
+            f"SELECT date_trunc('{period}', time, 'UTC') AS period{groups}, {aggregates} FROM {source} "
+            f"WHERE time < date_trunc('{period}', now(), 'UTC') "
+            f"AND time >= coalesce((SELECT max(time) FROM {target}) + interval '1 {period}', '-infinity') "
+            f"GROUP BY period{groups} ON CONFLICT DO NOTHING")
+
+
+def collect_garbage(connection, cfg):
+    """Delete the rows older than the retention of their level: metrics.keep_details, keep_hourly and so on."""
+    metrics = cfg['metrics']
+    for table in TABLES:
+        connection.execute(f'DELETE FROM {table} WHERE time < now() - %s::interval', (metrics['keep_details'],))
+        for suffix, _, keep in LEVELS:
+            connection.execute(f'DELETE FROM {table}_{suffix} WHERE time < now() - %s::interval', (metrics[keep],))
+
+
+def history(connection, view):
+    """The points of a view of RANGES, oldest first, each with the start of its bucket in Unix seconds.
+
+    A point has the average and the maximum of each value of metrics_system, network, which maps
+    each interface to its rx and tx, clients, which maps each kind of VPN client to its clients,
+    and site_to_site, which maps each site-to-site connection to the values of
+    metrics_site_to_site; a value without data is None.
+
+    site_to_site_up is the availability of each site-to-site connection in the time slots of UP_SLOTS, oldest first:
+    for each slot its start in Unix seconds and, per connection, the percentage of its samples in which the connection
+    was up, 0 to 100; the summaries' averages of up give it for the month and the year.
+    """
+    level, bucket, span = RANGES[view]
+    up_level, up_start, up_slot = UP_SLOTS[view]
+
+    def rows(table):
+        keys, values = TABLES[table]
+        source = table if level is None else f'{table}_{level}'
+        if level is None:
+            aggregates = ', '.join(f'avg({value}), max({value})' for value in values)
+        else:
+            aggregates = ', '.join(f'avg({value}_avg), max({value}_max)' for value in values)
+        start = (f"date_bin('{bucket}', time, timestamptz '2000-01-01 00:00:00+00')" if view != 'year'
+                 else "date_trunc('month', time, 'UTC')")
+        groups = ''.join(f', {key}' for key in keys)
+        return connection.execute(
+            f"SELECT extract(epoch FROM {start})::bigint AS bucket{groups}, {aggregates} FROM {source} "
+            f"WHERE time >= now() - interval '{span}' GROUP BY bucket{groups} ORDER BY bucket").fetchall()
+
+    def pairs(row, values):
+        return {value: {'avg': row[2 * index], 'max': row[2 * index + 1]} for index, value in enumerate(values)}
+
+    points = {}
+
+    def point(start):
+        return points.setdefault(start, {'time': start, 'network': {}, 'clients': {}, 'site_to_site': {}})
+
+    for row in rows('metrics_system'):
+        point(row[0]).update(pairs(row[1:], TABLES['metrics_system'][1]))
+    for row in rows('metrics_network'):
+        point(row[0])['network'][row[1]] = pairs(row[2:], TABLES['metrics_network'][1])
+    for row in rows('metrics_vpn'):
+        point(row[0])['clients'][row[1]] = pairs(row[2:], TABLES['metrics_vpn'][1])['clients']
+    for row in rows('metrics_site_to_site'):
+        point(row[0])['site_to_site'][row[1]] = pairs(row[2:], TABLES['metrics_site_to_site'][1])
+    empty = {value: {'avg': None, 'max': None} for value in TABLES['metrics_system'][1]}
+
+    slots = {}
+    for start, name, percent in connection.execute(
+            f"SELECT extract(epoch FROM {up_start})::bigint AS slot, connection, avg({'up' if up_level is None else 'up_avg'}) * 100 "
+            f"FROM {'metrics_site_to_site' if up_level is None else f'metrics_site_to_site_{up_level}'} "
+            f"WHERE time >= now() - interval '{span}' GROUP BY slot, connection ORDER BY slot").fetchall():
+        slots.setdefault(start, {'time': start, 'connections': {}})['connections'][name] = percent
+    return {'range': view, 'bucket': bucket, 'points': [{**empty, **points[start]} for start in sorted(points)],
+            'site_to_site_up': {'slot': up_slot, 'points': [slots[start] for start in sorted(slots)]}}

debian-package/src/usr/lib/vpn-router/vpnrouter_oidc.py

@@ -0,0 +1,982 @@
+"""The router's OpenID Provider, for the web service, with python3-oauthlib and python3-jwt.
+
+While oidc.enabled is true, the web service answers OpenID Connect at the issuer vpnrouter.oidc_issuer, its HTTPS site
+that Caddy serves; the web service answers it only on the loopback address, where Caddy passes the requests. The users
+of the router's directory sign in, with the password and the TOTP code or with a passkey (vpnrouter_passkeys), to its
+clients, the service accounts with redirect URIs or grants (vpnrouter_users.client_settings): a client's ID is its name
+and its secret its password, sent with HTTP Basic authentication or in the body of the token request; a public client
+sends only its ID. A client with allowed groups admits only their members; a service account never signs in as a user.
+
+  GET  /.well-known/openid-configuration   the discovery document
+  GET  /oidc/jwks                         the public key the ID tokens and the access tokens are signed with
+  GET, POST /oidc/authorize               the authorization code flow, PKCE with S256 required; the sign-in page while
+                                          the browser has no session, or with prompt=login or an older one than max_age
+  POST /oidc/login                        the sign-in page's form: the name, the password and the code, or a passkey
+  POST /oidc/passkey                      begin a sign-in with a passkey: {"id", "options"}
+  POST /oidc/token                        exchange a code, a refresh token or a device code for tokens, or a client's
+                                          credentials for an access token
+  POST /oidc/device_authorization         begin the device authorization grant (RFC 8628): a device code and a user code
+  GET, POST /oidc/device                  the page where the user enters the user code, signs in and is asked to allow
+                                          the device
+  POST /oidc/device/decide                allow or deny the device
+  GET, POST /oidc/userinfo                the claims of the user an access token was issued for
+  GET  /oidc/logout                       end the session, then go to a post-logout redirect URI of the client
+
+The grants: authorization_code for a client with redirect URIs, client_credentials, by which a confidential client
+gets an access token as itself, and the device code, as the client's grants give them, each with refresh_token but
+client_credentials. A client asks for tokens for a resource, a service account, with resource (RFC 8707), its name or
+<issuer>/<name>, or by the resource's scopes it asks for, <resource>:<scope>, of its client scopes; without one the
+tokens are for the client itself.
+
+ID tokens are RS256 JWTs signed with KEY, an RSA key the web service makes on its first run on the router, named by the
+RFC 7638 thumbprint of its public key, for the client. Access tokens are RS256 JWTs of RFC 9068 with the same key, for
+the resource or the client: iss, sub, aud, client_id, iat, exp, jti, scope, roles, the claims of the scopes, and of a
+user auth_time and amr. sub is the entryUUID of the user's entry, so a user added again under the same name is another
+subject. The scopes: openid, required but with client_credentials, which refuses it; profile, preferred_username and
+the names; email; groups, the names of the user's groups; their claims are in the ID token, the access token and the
+userinfo answer; and the scopes of the resources. roles are the roles of the resource assigned to the user or service
+account or a group of it (vpnrouter_users.roles_held), read at every issue; the ID token and the userinfo answer have
+those of the client. A code is valid CODE_SECONDS, an access token and an ID token ACCESS_SECONDS, a refresh token
+REFRESH_SECONDS, used once, and a device code DEVICE_SECONDS, polled at most every DEVICE_INTERVAL seconds, 5 more after
+each poll that came too soon. A session, the cookie COOKIE of the issuer's /oidc/ path, lasts SESSION_SECONDS. Codes,
+tokens, device codes and sessions are kept in the database of vpnrouter_auth as their SHA-256
+(vpnrouter_auth.OIDC_SQL); vpnrouter_auth.revoke removes a user's or a service account's. A client is registered by an
+administrator, so a user is not asked for consent, but for a device, which the user allows on the router's page.
+"""
+
+import base64
+import collections
+import contextlib
+import datetime
+import hashlib
+import http.cookies
+import json
+import pathlib
+import secrets
+import time
+import types
+import urllib.parse
+
+import jinja2
+import jwt
+import ldap
+from cryptography.hazmat.primitives import serialization
+from cryptography.hazmat.primitives.asymmetric import rsa
+from oauthlib.common import Request, add_params_to_uri
+from oauthlib.oauth2 import (AccessDeniedError, FatalClientError, InvalidClientError, InvalidGrantError,
+                             InvalidRequestError, InvalidScopeError, OAuth2Error, UnauthorizedClientError,
+                             UnsupportedGrantTypeError)
+from oauthlib.oauth2.rfc6749 import utils
+from oauthlib.oauth2.rfc6749.grant_types.base import GrantTypeBase
+from oauthlib.oauth2.rfc6749.tokens import random_token_generator
+from oauthlib.openid import RequestValidator, Server
+from oauthlib.openid.connect.core.exceptions import LoginRequired
+
+import vpnrouter
+import vpnrouter_auth
+import vpnrouter_ldap
+import vpnrouter_passkeys
+import vpnrouter_users
+
+KEY = pathlib.Path('/etc/vpn-router/oidc.key')
+KEY_BITS = 3072
+
+CODE_SECONDS = 60
+ACCESS_SECONDS = 300
+REFRESH_SECONDS = 8 * 3600
+SESSION_SECONDS = 8 * 3600
+DEVICE_SECONDS = 600
+DEVICE_INTERVAL = 5
+
+#: The grant type of the device authorization grant.
+DEVICE_GRANT = 'urn:ietf:params:oauth:grant-type:device_code'
+#: A user code: USER_CODE_LENGTH of these letters, shown in two halves.
+USER_CODE_LETTERS = 'BCDFGHJKLMNPQRSTVWXZ'
+USER_CODE_LENGTH = 8
+
+COOKIE = 'vpn_router_oidc'
+
+#: The claims of each scope but openid, which gives sub.
+SCOPE_CLAIMS = {
+    'profile': ('preferred_username', 'name', 'given_name', 'family_name'),
+    'email': ('email',),
+    'groups': ('groups',),
+}
+SCOPES = ('openid', *SCOPE_CLAIMS)
+
+#: The authentication methods (RFC 8176) of a sign-in with a password, with a password and a TOTP code, and with a
+#: passkey, which verifies the user; a service account's client credentials are its password.
+PASSWORD_AMR = ['pwd']
+OTP_AMR = ['pwd', 'otp']
+PASSKEY_AMR = ['hwk', 'user']
+SERVICE_AMR = ['pwd']
+
+TEMPLATE = 'oidc-page.html.j2'
+
+#: The headers of the pages: no framing, and nothing loaded but from the page itself and the router.
+PAGE_HEADERS = [('Content-Security-Policy', "default-src 'none'; script-src 'unsafe-inline'; style-src 'unsafe-inline'; "
+                                            "connect-src 'self'; frame-ancestors 'none'")]
+
+#: The headers of oauthlib's answers that the web service sets itself.
+OWN_HEADERS = ('content-type', 'cache-control', 'content-length')
+
+#: A user's sign-in at the OpenID Provider: the user name, when, a datetime, and how (amr).
+Session = collections.namedtuple('Session', 'name auth_time amr')
+
+_pages = jinja2.Environment(loader=jinja2.FileSystemLoader(str(vpnrouter.TEMPLATE_DIR)), autoescape=True,
+                            undefined=jinja2.StrictUndefined)
+
+
+class InvalidTarget(OAuth2Error):
+    """A resource that is unknown, or more than one (RFC 8707)."""
+    error = 'invalid_target'
+
+
+class AuthorizationPending(OAuth2Error):
+    """A device code the user has not yet allowed or denied (RFC 8628)."""
+    error = 'authorization_pending'
+
+
+class SlowDown(OAuth2Error):
+    """A device code polled sooner than its interval (RFC 8628)."""
+    error = 'slow_down'
+
+
+class ExpiredToken(OAuth2Error):
+    """A device code that has expired (RFC 8628)."""
+    error = 'expired_token'
+
+
+def ensure_key():
+    """Make the signing key when it is missing."""
+    if KEY.is_file() and KEY.stat().st_size:
+        return
+    key = rsa.generate_private_key(public_exponent=65537, key_size=KEY_BITS)
+    KEY.parent.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
+    KEY.touch(mode=0o600)
+    KEY.chmod(0o600)
+    KEY.write_bytes(key.private_bytes(serialization.Encoding.PEM, serialization.PrivateFormat.PKCS8,
+                                      serialization.NoEncryption()))
+
+
+def private_key():
+    return serialization.load_pem_private_key(KEY.read_bytes(), None)
+
+
+def public_jwk(key):
+    """The JWK of the key's public key, its kid the RFC 7638 thumbprint."""
+    numbers = key.public_key().public_numbers()
+    jwk = {'e': numbers.e, 'kty': 'RSA', 'n': numbers.n}
+    jwk = {name: vpnrouter_auth.b64encode(value.to_bytes((value.bit_length() + 7) // 8, 'big')) if isinstance(value, int)
+           else value for name, value in jwk.items()}
+    thumbprint = hashlib.sha256(json.dumps(jwk, sort_keys=True, separators=(',', ':')).encode()).digest()
+    return {**jwk, 'kid': vpnrouter_auth.b64encode(thumbprint), 'use': 'sig', 'alg': 'RS256'}
+
+
+def sign(claims, headers=None):
+    """The claims as an RS256 JWT with the key's kid and the headers given."""
+    key = private_key()
+    return jwt.encode(claims, key, algorithm='RS256', headers={'kid': public_jwk(key)['kid'], **(headers or {})})
+
+
+def discovery(issuer, resource_scopes):
+    """The discovery document of OpenID Connect Discovery 1.0, with the device authorization endpoint of RFC 8628;
+    resource_scopes are the scopes of the resources."""
+    return {
+        'issuer': issuer,
+        'authorization_endpoint': f'{issuer}/oidc/authorize',
+        'token_endpoint': f'{issuer}/oidc/token',
+        'device_authorization_endpoint': f'{issuer}/oidc/device_authorization',
+        'userinfo_endpoint': f'{issuer}/oidc/userinfo',
+        'jwks_uri': f'{issuer}/oidc/jwks',
+        'end_session_endpoint': f'{issuer}/oidc/logout',
+        'scopes_supported': [*SCOPES, *resource_scopes],
+        'response_types_supported': ['code'],
+        'response_modes_supported': ['query'],
+        'grant_types_supported': ['authorization_code', 'refresh_token', 'client_credentials', DEVICE_GRANT],
+        'subject_types_supported': ['public'],
+        'id_token_signing_alg_values_supported': ['RS256'],
+        'token_endpoint_auth_methods_supported': ['client_secret_basic', 'client_secret_post', 'none'],
+        'code_challenge_methods_supported': ['S256'],
+        'claims_supported': ['iss', 'sub', 'aud', 'exp', 'iat', 'auth_time', 'nonce', 'amr', 'at_hash', 'client_id',
+                             'scope', 'roles', *(claim for claims in SCOPE_CLAIMS.values() for claim in claims)],
+    }
+
+
+@contextlib.contextmanager
+def directory():
+    """A connection to the router's directory as the user manager account, for reading."""
+    connection = vpnrouter_ldap.manager()
+    try:
+        yield connection
+    finally:
+        connection.unbind_s()
+
+
+def account_of(name):
+    """A namespace of the vpnrouter_users.summary of the service account of the name, else None."""
+    if not isinstance(name, str):
+        return None
+    with directory() as connection:
+        try:
+            user = vpnrouter_users.summary(vpnrouter_users.entry(connection, name))
+        except vpnrouter_users.Failure:
+            return None
+    return types.SimpleNamespace(**user) if user['service'] else None
+
+
+def client_of(client_id):
+    """The client of the ID, a namespace of its vpnrouter_users.summary with client_id, when it is an enabled service
+    account with redirect URIs or grants; else None."""
+    account = account_of(client_id)
+    if account is None or not account.enabled or not (account.redirect_uris or account.grants):
+        return None
+    account.client_id = client_id
+    return account
+
+
+def resource_of(name):
+    """The resource of the name, a namespace of its vpnrouter_users.summary, when it is an enabled service account that
+    is not internal; else None."""
+    account = account_of(name)
+    return account if account is not None and account.enabled and not account.internal else None
+
+
+def resource_scopes():
+    """The scopes of every resource, <resource>:<scope>, sorted."""
+    with directory() as connection:
+        users = vpnrouter_users.list_users(connection)['users']
+    return sorted(f'{user["name"]}:{scope}' for user in users
+                  if user['service'] and user['enabled'] and not user['internal'] for scope in user['resource_scopes'])
+
+
+def account_claims(connection, name):
+    """The summary of the entry of the name and its claims of every scope, with sub; Failure when there is none."""
+    user = vpnrouter_users.summary(vpnrouter_users.entry(connection, name))
+    groups = sorted(vpnrouter_users.groups_of(connection, name))
+    uuid = connection.search_s(vpnrouter_users.dn_of(name), ldap.SCOPE_BASE, attrlist=['entryUUID'])[0][1]['entryUUID']
+    full = ' '.join(part for part in (user['first_name'], user['last_name']) if part)
+    claims = {'sub': uuid[0].decode(), 'preferred_username': name, 'name': full or None, 'given_name': user['first_name'],
+              'family_name': user['last_name'], 'email': user['email'], 'groups': groups}
+    return user, {claim: value for claim, value in claims.items() if value is not None}
+
+
+def subject(name, client):
+    """The claims of every scope of the user, with sub, when the user may sign in to the client: an enabled, unlocked
+    user who is not a service account, a member of one of the client's allowed groups when it has any; else None."""
+    with directory() as connection:
+        try:
+            user, claims = account_claims(connection, name)
+        except vpnrouter_users.Failure:
+            return None
+    if user['service'] or not user['enabled'] or user['locked']:
+        return None
+    if client.allowed_groups and not set(client.allowed_groups) & set(claims['groups']):
+        return None
+    return claims
+
+
+def service_subject(name):
+    """The claims of every scope of the service account, with sub."""
+    with directory() as connection:
+        return account_claims(connection, name)[1]
+
+
+def roles_at(resource, name):
+    """The roles of the resource the user or service account holds."""
+    with directory() as connection:
+        return vpnrouter_users.roles_held(connection, resource, name)
+
+
+def claims_of(person, scopes):
+    """The claims of the scopes of a subject's claims (subject)."""
+    return {'sub': person['sub'], **{claim: person[claim] for scope in scopes for claim in SCOPE_CLAIMS.get(scope, ())
+                                     if claim in person}}
+
+
+def target_of(issuer, resource, scopes):
+    """The name of the resource a request with the resource parameter, None when absent, and the scopes names, None
+    for none; InvalidTarget when they name more than one or one that is not a resource."""
+    names = {scope.partition(':')[0] for scope in scopes if scope not in SCOPES}
+    if resource is not None:
+        names.add(resource[len(issuer) + 1:] if isinstance(resource, str) and resource.startswith(f'{issuer}/') else resource)
+    if not names:
+        return None
+    if len(names) > 1:
+        raise InvalidTarget(description='the resource and the scopes name more than one resource')
+    name = names.pop()
+    if resource_of(name) is None:
+        raise InvalidTarget(description=f'{name} is not a resource')
+    return name
+
+
+def scopes_allowed(client, scopes, target, grant_type):
+    """Whether the client may ask for the scopes: openid, required but by client_credentials, which refuses it, the
+    other scopes of SCOPES, and those of its client scopes that belong to the target."""
+    for scope in scopes:
+        if scope not in SCOPES and (scope not in client.client_scopes or scope.partition(':')[0] != target):
+            return False
+    return ('openid' not in scopes) if grant_type == 'client_credentials' else ('openid' in scopes)
+
+
+def same_redirect(registered, given):
+    """Whether the redirect URI given is the registered one; an http URI of a loopback host may have any port (RFC 8252
+    7.3)."""
+    if registered == given:
+        return True
+    try:
+        wanted, found = urllib.parse.urlsplit(registered), urllib.parse.urlsplit(given)
+        # A port that is not a number makes .port raise ValueError.
+        wanted.port, found.port
+    except (ValueError, TypeError, AttributeError):
+        return False
+    return wanted.scheme == 'http' and wanted.hostname in vpnrouter_users.LOOPBACK_HOSTS and not found.fragment and \
+        (wanted.scheme, wanted.hostname, wanted.path, wanted.query) == (found.scheme, found.hostname, found.path, found.query)
+
+
+def cookie_value(cookies):
+    """The value of the session cookie in a Cookie header, or ''."""
+    try:
+        morsel = http.cookies.SimpleCookie(cookies or '').get(COOKIE)
+    except http.cookies.CookieError:
+        return ''
+    return morsel.value if morsel is not None else ''
+
+
+def session_of(cfg, cookies):
+    """The unexpired Session the session cookie in a Cookie header names, or None."""
+    value = cookie_value(cookies)
+    if not value:
+        return None
+    with vpnrouter_auth.database(cfg) as connection:
+        row = connection.execute('SELECT * FROM oidc_session_get(%s)', (vpnrouter_auth.digest(value),)).fetchone()
+    return Session(*row) if row else None
+
+
+def access_token(cfg, request):
+    """The access token of a token request: a JWT of RFC 9068 for the request's target, or the client."""
+    now = int(time.time())
+    client_id = request.client.client_id
+    service = request.grant_type == 'client_credentials'
+    name = client_id if service else request.user
+    person = service_subject(client_id) if service else request.oidc_person
+    target = getattr(request, 'oidc_target', None)
+    claims = {**claims_of(person, request.scopes), 'iss': vpnrouter.oidc_issuer(cfg), 'aud': target or client_id,
+              'client_id': client_id, 'iat': now, 'exp': now + ACCESS_SECONDS, 'jti': secrets.token_urlsafe(16),
+              'scope': ' '.join(request.scopes)}
+    roles = roles_at(target or client_id, name)
+    if roles:
+        claims['roles'] = roles
+    if not service:
+        claims.update({'auth_time': int(request.auth_time.timestamp()), 'amr': request.amr})
+    return sign(claims, {'typ': 'at+jwt'})
+
+
+class Validator(RequestValidator):
+    """The checks and the storage of oauthlib's server for the router's clients, users and database.
+
+    The grants are those of validate_grant_type, with PKCE S256 for the authorization code. The values of a code, a
+    token, a device code or a session found are kept on the request as oidc_code, oidc_scopes and oidc_person, the
+    resource the tokens are for as oidc_target.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, cfg):
+        super().__init__()
+        self.cfg = cfg
+
+    def fetch(self, sql, values):
+        with vpnrouter_auth.database(self.cfg) as connection:
+            return connection.execute(sql, values).fetchone()
+
+    def call(self, *statements):
+        with vpnrouter_auth.database(self.cfg) as connection:
+            for sql, values in statements:
+                connection.execute(sql, values)
+
+    def session(self, request):
+        return session_of(self.cfg, request.headers.get('Cookie'))
+
+    def check_target(self, request, stored):
+        """Refuse a resource parameter that names another resource than the one the grant was made for."""
+        resource = getattr(request, 'resource', None)
+        if 'resource' in request.duplicate_params or \
+                resource is not None and target_of(vpnrouter.oidc_issuer(self.cfg), resource, []) != stored:
+            raise InvalidTarget(description='the grant was made for another resource', request=request)
+        request.oidc_target = stored
+
+    # Clients.
+
+    def validate_client_id(self, client_id, request, *args, **kwargs):
+        request.client = client_of(client_id)
+        return request.client is not None
+
+    def validate_redirect_uri(self, client_id, redirect_uri, request, *args, **kwargs):
+        return any(same_redirect(uri, redirect_uri) for uri in request.client.redirect_uris)
+
+    def get_default_redirect_uri(self, client_id, request, *args, **kwargs):
+        return None
+
+    def validate_response_type(self, client_id, response_type, client, request, *args, **kwargs):
+        return response_type == 'code'
+
+    def validate_scopes(self, client_id, scopes, client, request, *args, **kwargs):
+        """Whether the client may ask for the scopes; the resource they are for is kept as oidc_target."""
+        if 'resource' in request.duplicate_params:
+            raise InvalidTarget(description='give one resource', request=request)
+        try:
+            request.oidc_target = target_of(vpnrouter.oidc_issuer(self.cfg), getattr(request, 'resource', None), scopes)
+        except InvalidTarget as error:
+            raise InvalidTarget(description=error.description, request=request)
+        return scopes_allowed(client, scopes, request.oidc_target, request.grant_type)
+
+    def get_default_scopes(self, client_id, request, *args, **kwargs):
+        return [] if request.grant_type == 'client_credentials' else ['openid']
+
+    def is_pkce_required(self, client_id, request):
+        return True
+
+    def client_authentication_required(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
+        """Whether the client must sign the request with its secret: unless it is a public client named by client_id."""
+        client = client_of(request.client_id)
+        return client is None or not client.public_client
+
+    def authenticate_client(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
+        """Check the client's secret, the password of its service account, given with HTTP Basic authentication, its
+        ID and secret form-encoded (RFC 6749 2.3.1), or in the body; a public client has none."""
+        name, secret = request.client_id, request.client_secret
+        header = request.headers.get('Authorization', '')
+        if header[:6].lower() == 'basic ':
+            try:
+                name, _, secret = base64.b64decode(header[6:].strip(), validate=True).decode().partition(':')
+            except (ValueError, UnicodeDecodeError):
+                return False
+            name, secret = urllib.parse.unquote_plus(name), urllib.parse.unquote_plus(secret)
+        client = client_of(name)
+        if client is None or client.public_client:
+            return False
+        try:
+            vpnrouter_users.login(name, secret, None)
+        except vpnrouter_users.Failure:
+            return False
+        request.client = client
+        return True
+
+    def authenticate_client_id(self, client_id, request, *args, **kwargs):
+        """Accept a public client by its ID."""
+        client = client_of(client_id)
+        if client is None or not client.public_client:
+            return False
+        request.client = client
+        return True
+
+    def validate_grant_type(self, client_id, grant_type, client, request, *args, **kwargs):
+        """The grants of the client: authorization_code with redirect URIs, client_credentials but for a public client,
+        the device code, and refresh_token with either of the first and the last."""
+        grants = set(client.grants) - ({'client_credentials'} if client.public_client else set())
+        if client.redirect_uris:
+            grants.add('authorization_code')
+        if 'device_code' in grants:
+            grants.add(DEVICE_GRANT)
+        if grants & {'authorization_code', DEVICE_GRANT}:
+            grants.add('refresh_token')
+        return grant_type in grants
+
+    def validate_user(self, username, password, client, request, *args, **kwargs):
+        return False
+
+    # Codes.
+
+    def save_authorization_code(self, client_id, code, request, *args, **kwargs):
+        self.call(('CALL oidc_code_save(%s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s)',
+                   (vpnrouter_auth.digest(code['code']), client_id, request.user, request.redirect_uri, request.scopes,
+                    request.nonce, request.code_challenge, request.code_challenge_method, request.auth_time, request.amr,
+                    getattr(request, 'oidc_target', None), CODE_SECONDS)))
+
+    def code(self, code):
+        row = self.fetch('SELECT * FROM oidc_code_get(%s)', (vpnrouter_auth.digest(code),)) if isinstance(code, str) else None
+        return dict(zip(('client_id', 'name', 'redirect_uri', 'scopes', 'nonce', 'code_challenge', 'code_challenge_method',
+                         'auth_time', 'amr', 'resource'), row)) if row else None
+
+    def get_authorization_code_scopes(self, client_id, code, redirect_uri, request):
+        found = self.code(code)
+        return found['scopes'] if found else []
+
+    def validate_code(self, client_id, code, client, request, *args, **kwargs):
+        found = self.code(code)
+        if found is None or found['client_id'] != client_id:
+            return False
+        person = subject(found['name'], client)
+        if person is None:
+            return False
+        self.check_target(request, found['resource'])
+        request.user, request.scopes, request.auth_time, request.amr = found['name'], found['scopes'], found['auth_time'], found['amr']
+        request.oidc_code, request.oidc_person = found, person
+        return True
+
+    def get_code_challenge(self, code, request):
+        return request.oidc_code['code_challenge']
+
+    def get_code_challenge_method(self, code, request):
+        return request.oidc_code['code_challenge_method']
+
+    def confirm_redirect_uri(self, client_id, code, redirect_uri, client, request, *args, **kwargs):
+        return redirect_uri == request.oidc_code['redirect_uri']
+
+    def get_authorization_code_nonce(self, client_id, code, redirect_uri, request):
+        return request.oidc_code['nonce']
+
+    def invalidate_authorization_code(self, client_id, code, request, *args, **kwargs):
+        self.call(('CALL oidc_code_delete(%s)', (vpnrouter_auth.digest(code),)))
+
+    # Device codes.
+
+    def poll_device(self, code, request):
+        """Poll the device code for the request's client: with the user's sign-in on the request when the user allowed
+        it, else the error RFC 8628 gives."""
+        row = self.fetch('SELECT * FROM oidc_device_poll(%s)', (vpnrouter_auth.digest(code),)) \
+            if isinstance(code, str) and code else None
+        found = dict(zip(('client_id', 'scopes', 'resource', 'state', 'name', 'auth_time', 'amr', 'expired', 'too_soon'),
+                         row)) if row else None
+        if found is None or found['client_id'] != request.client.client_id:
+            raise InvalidGrantError(description='the device code is unknown', request=request)
+        if found['expired']:
+            raise ExpiredToken(description='the device code has expired', request=request)
+        if found['state'] == 'pending':
+            raise (SlowDown if found['too_soon'] else AuthorizationPending)(request=request)
+        if found['state'] == 'denied':
+            self.call(('CALL oidc_device_delete(%s)', (vpnrouter_auth.digest(code),)))
+            raise AccessDeniedError(description='the user denied the device', request=request)
+        person = subject(found['name'], request.client)
+        if person is None:
+            raise AccessDeniedError(description=f'{found["name"]} may not sign in to this client', request=request)
+        self.check_target(request, found['resource'])
+        request.user, request.scopes, request.auth_time, request.amr = found['name'], found['scopes'], found['auth_time'], found['amr']
+        request.oidc_person = person
+
+    def delete_device(self, code):
+        self.call(('CALL oidc_device_delete(%s)', (vpnrouter_auth.digest(code),)))
+
+    # Tokens.
+
+    def token(self, token, kind):
+        row = self.fetch('SELECT * FROM oidc_token_get(%s, %s)', (vpnrouter_auth.digest(token), kind)) \
+            if isinstance(token, str) and token else None
+        return dict(zip(('client_id', 'name', 'scopes', 'auth_time', 'amr', 'resource'), row)) if row else None
+
+    def save_bearer_token(self, token, request, *args, **kwargs):
+        """Keep the access token and the refresh token; a refresh token that was exchanged is used up. A token of
+        client_credentials is kept for its service account."""
+        if request.grant_type == 'client_credentials':
+            name, auth_time, amr = request.client.client_id, datetime.datetime.now(datetime.timezone.utc), SERVICE_AMR
+        else:
+            name, auth_time, amr = request.user, request.auth_time, request.amr
+        values = (request.client.client_id, name, request.scopes, auth_time, amr, getattr(request, 'oidc_target', None))
+        statements = [('CALL oidc_token_save(%s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s)',
+                       (vpnrouter_auth.digest(token['access_token']), 'access', *values, ACCESS_SECONDS))]
+        if token.get('refresh_token'):
+            statements.append(('CALL oidc_token_save(%s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s)',
+                               (vpnrouter_auth.digest(token['refresh_token']), 'refresh', *values, REFRESH_SECONDS)))
+        if request.grant_type == 'refresh_token':
+            statements.append(('CALL oidc_token_delete(%s)', (vpnrouter_auth.digest(request.refresh_token),)))
+        self.call(*statements)
+
+    def validate_refresh_token(self, refresh_token, client, request, *args, **kwargs):
+        found = self.token(refresh_token, 'refresh')
+        if found is None or found['client_id'] != client.client_id:
+            return False
+        person = subject(found['name'], client)
+        if person is None:
+            return False
+        self.check_target(request, found['resource'])
+        request.user, request.auth_time, request.amr = found['name'], found['auth_time'], found['amr']
+        request.oidc_scopes, request.oidc_person = found['scopes'], person
+        return True
+
+    def get_original_scopes(self, refresh_token, request, *args, **kwargs):
+        return request.oidc_scopes
+
+    def validate_bearer_token(self, token, scopes, request):
+        found = self.token(token, 'access')
+        if found is None or not set(scopes) <= set(found['scopes']):
+            return False
+        client = client_of(found['client_id'])
+        person = subject(found['name'], client) if client else None
+        if person is None:
+            return False
+        request.client, request.user, request.oidc_scopes, request.oidc_person = client, found['name'], found['scopes'], person
+        return True
+
+    def get_userinfo_claims(self, request):
+        claims = claims_of(request.oidc_person, request.oidc_scopes)
+        roles = roles_at(request.client.client_id, request.user)
+        return {**claims, 'roles': roles} if roles else claims
+
+    # OpenID Connect.
+
+    def finalize_id_token(self, id_token, token, token_handler, request):
+        now = int(time.time())
+        id_token.update(claims_of(request.oidc_person, request.scopes))
+        id_token.update({'iss': vpnrouter.oidc_issuer(self.cfg), 'exp': now + ACCESS_SECONDS,
+                         'auth_time': int(request.auth_time.timestamp()), 'amr': request.amr})
+        roles = roles_at(request.client.client_id, request.user)
+        if roles:
+            id_token['roles'] = roles
+        return sign(id_token)
+
+    def validate_silent_login(self, request):
+        session = self.session(request)
+        return session is not None and subject(session.name, request.client) is not None
+
+    def validate_silent_authorization(self, request):
+        return True
+
+    def validate_user_match(self, id_token_hint, scopes, claims, request):
+        """Whether the user of the session, when there is one, is the subject of an ID token the router signed."""
+        session = self.session(request) if id_token_hint else None
+        if session is None:
+            return True
+        try:
+            hint = jwt.decode(id_token_hint, private_key().public_key(), algorithms=['RS256'],
+                              options={'verify_exp': False, 'verify_aud': False})
+        except jwt.InvalidTokenError:
+            return False
+        person = subject(session.name, request.client)
+        return person is not None and hint.get('sub') == person['sub']
+
+
+class DeviceCodeGrant(GrantTypeBase):
+    """The token request of the device authorization grant (RFC 8628): a device code the user allowed gives an access
+    token, a refresh token and, with openid, an ID token; until then the request is answered authorization_pending or
+    slow_down."""
+
+    def create_token_response(self, request, token_handler):
+        headers = self._get_default_headers()
+        try:
+            self.validate_token_request(request)
+        except OAuth2Error as error:
+            headers.update(error.headers)
+            return headers, error.json, error.status_code
+        token = token_handler.create_token(request, refresh_token=True)
+        if 'openid' in request.scopes:
+            token['id_token'] = self.request_validator.finalize_id_token(
+                {'aud': request.client.client_id, 'iat': int(time.time())}, token, token_handler, request)
+        self.request_validator.save_token(token, request)
+        self.request_validator.delete_device(request.device_code)
+        return headers, json.dumps(token), 200
+
+    def validate_token_request(self, request):
+        if request.grant_type != DEVICE_GRANT:
+            raise UnsupportedGrantTypeError(request=request)
+        for param in ('grant_type', 'device_code'):
+            if param in request.duplicate_params:
+                raise InvalidRequestError(description=f'Duplicate {param} parameter.', request=request)
+        request.device_code = getattr(request, 'device_code', None)
+        if not request.device_code:
+            raise InvalidRequestError(description='Missing device_code parameter.', request=request)
+        if self.request_validator.client_authentication_required(request):
+            if not self.request_validator.authenticate_client(request):
+                raise InvalidClientError(request=request)
+        elif not self.request_validator.authenticate_client_id(request.client_id, request):
+            raise InvalidClientError(request=request)
+        self.validate_grant_type(request)
+        self.request_validator.poll_device(request.device_code, request)
+
+
+def user_code_of(value):
+    """The user code a user typed, without the dash and spaces, in capitals; '' when it is not one."""
+    code = ''.join(character for character in (value or '').upper() if character.isalnum())
+    return code if len(code) == USER_CODE_LENGTH and all(character in USER_CODE_LETTERS for character in code) else ''
+
+
+def device_authorization(validator, cfg, text, headers):
+    """Answer a device authorization request (RFC 8628 3.1): the client, public by client_id or confidential with its
+    secret, with the device_code grant, the scopes and the resource; the device code, the user code and the
+    verification URIs."""
+    issuer = vpnrouter.oidc_issuer(cfg)
+    request = Request(f'{issuer}/oidc/device_authorization', 'POST', text, headers)
+    for param in ('scope', 'resource'):
+        if param in request.duplicate_params:
+            raise InvalidRequestError(description=f'Duplicate {param} parameter.', request=request)
+    if validator.client_authentication_required(request):
+        if not validator.authenticate_client(request):
+            raise InvalidClientError(request=request)
+    elif not validator.authenticate_client_id(request.client_id, request):
+        raise InvalidClientError(request=request)
+    if not validator.validate_grant_type(request.client.client_id, DEVICE_GRANT, request.client, request):
+        raise UnauthorizedClientError(description='the client may not use the device authorization grant', request=request)
+    scopes = utils.scope_to_list(request.scope) or ['openid']
+    target = target_of(issuer, getattr(request, 'resource', None), scopes)
+    if not scopes_allowed(request.client, scopes, target, DEVICE_GRANT):
+        raise InvalidScopeError(description='the client may not ask for these scopes; openid is required', request=request)
+    device_code = secrets.token_urlsafe(32)
+    user_code = ''.join(secrets.choice(USER_CODE_LETTERS) for _ in range(USER_CODE_LENGTH))
+    with vpnrouter_auth.database(cfg) as connection:
+        connection.execute('CALL oidc_device_save(%s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s)',
+                           (vpnrouter_auth.digest(device_code), vpnrouter_auth.digest(user_code), request.client.client_id,
+                            scopes, target, DEVICE_INTERVAL, DEVICE_SECONDS))
+    shown = f'{user_code[:USER_CODE_LENGTH // 2]}-{user_code[USER_CODE_LENGTH // 2:]}'
+    return document(200, {'device_code': device_code, 'user_code': shown, 'verification_uri': f'{issuer}/oidc/device',
+                          'verification_uri_complete': f'{issuer}/oidc/device?' + urllib.parse.urlencode({'user_code': shown}),
+                          'expires_in': DEVICE_SECONDS, 'interval': DEVICE_INTERVAL})
+
+
+def device_of(cfg, user_code):
+    """The waiting device code of a user code, {client_id, scopes, resource}, or None."""
+    code = user_code_of(user_code)
+    if not code:
+        return None
+    with vpnrouter_auth.database(cfg) as connection:
+        row = connection.execute('SELECT * FROM oidc_device_find(%s)', (vpnrouter_auth.digest(code),)).fetchone()
+    return dict(zip(('client_id', 'scopes', 'resource'), row)) if row else None
+
+
+def page(status, cfg, title, message='', error='', form=False, request='', name='', headers=(), action='/oidc/login',
+         device=False, user_code='', decide=False, items=()):
+    """An HTML page of TEMPLATE: a message, an error and items; with form the sign-in form, posted to action with the
+    authorization request, or with device the user code field, with or without the sign-in fields; with decide the
+    Allow and Deny buttons of the device of the user code."""
+    body = _pages.get_template(TEMPLATE).render(title=title, message=message, error=error, form=form, request=request,
+                                                name=name, issuer=vpnrouter.oidc_issuer(cfg), action=action, device=device,
+                                                user_code=user_code, decide=decide, items=list(items))
+    return status, 'text/html; charset=utf-8', body.encode(), [*PAGE_HEADERS, *headers]
+
+
+def document(status, value, headers=()):
+    return status, 'application/json', json.dumps(value, indent=2).encode() + b'\n', list(headers)
+
+
+def relayed(headers, body, status):
+    """An answer of oauthlib's server, without the headers the web service sets."""
+    kind = next((value for name, value in headers.items() if name.lower() == 'content-type'), 'application/json')
+    return status, kind, (body or '').encode(), [(name, value) for name, value in headers.items()
+                                                 if name.lower() not in OWN_HEADERS]
+
+
+def redirect(location, headers=()):
+    return 302, 'text/plain; charset=utf-8', b'', [('Location', location), *headers]
+
+
+def cookie(value, seconds):
+    return 'Set-Cookie', f'{COOKIE}={value}; Path=/oidc/; Max-Age={seconds}; Secure; HttpOnly; SameSite=Lax'
+
+
+def sign_in(form):
+    """The name and the amr of a sign-in with the form's name, password and code, or its passkey; Failure when it is
+    refused, ValueError when the passkey's answer is not JSON."""
+    if form.get('passkey_id'):
+        with vpnrouter_users.session() as connection:
+            name = vpnrouter_passkeys.login_complete(connection, form['passkey_id'], json.loads(form.get('credential', '')))
+        return name, PASSKEY_AMR
+    name, code = form.get('name', '').strip(), form.get('code', '').strip()
+    vpnrouter_users.login(name, form.get('password', ''), code or None)
+    with directory() as connection:
+        if vpnrouter_users.service(vpnrouter_users.entry(connection, name)):
+            raise vpnrouter_users.Failure('the name, the password or the code is wrong', 5)
+    return name, OTP_AMR if code else PASSWORD_AMR
+
+
+def start_session(cfg, name, amr):
+    """Start a session of the user: a namespace of the Session and the header that sets its cookie."""
+    value = secrets.token_urlsafe(32)
+    with vpnrouter_auth.database(cfg) as connection:
+        connection.execute('CALL oidc_session_save(%s, %s, %s, %s)', (vpnrouter_auth.digest(value), name, amr, SESSION_SECONDS))
+    return types.SimpleNamespace(session=Session(name, datetime.datetime.now(datetime.timezone.utc), amr),
+                                 cookie=cookie(value, SESSION_SECONDS))
+
+
+def authorize(server, cfg, params, headers, fresh=None, name='', error=''):
+    """Answer an authorization request, the query or the form params: the sign-in page while the browser has no
+    session, or with prompt=login or max_age older than the session, else a redirect to the client with a code.
+
+    fresh is the session of a sign-in just made, which counts whatever prompt and max_age say; the redirect then sets
+    its cookie, fresh.cookie. error is why a sign-in failed: the sign-in page shows it, filled with the name.
+    """
+    uri = f'{vpnrouter.oidc_issuer(cfg)}/oidc/authorize?{params}'
+    try:
+        scopes, info = server.validate_authorization_request(uri, 'GET', None, headers)
+    except FatalClientError as error:
+        return page(error.status_code, cfg, 'The sign-in request is refused', error=error.description or error.error)
+    except OAuth2Error as error:
+        if not error.redirect_uri:
+            return page(error.status_code, cfg, 'The sign-in request is refused', error=error.description or error.error)
+        return redirect(error.in_uri(error.redirect_uri))
+    request = info['request']
+    title = f'Sign in to {request.client.display_name or request.client.client_id}'
+    if info.get('code_challenge_method') != 'S256':
+        return redirect(InvalidRequestError(description='PKCE with code_challenge_method S256 is required',
+                                            request=request).in_uri(request.redirect_uri))
+    if error:
+        return page(401, cfg, title, error=error, form=True, request=params, name=name)
+    session = fresh.session if fresh else session_of(cfg, headers.get('Cookie'))
+    max_age = getattr(request, 'max_age', None)
+    stale = session is not None and isinstance(max_age, str) and max_age.isdigit() and \
+        time.time() - session.auth_time.timestamp() > int(max_age)
+    prompt = info.get('prompt') or set()
+    if session is None or (not fresh and ('login' in prompt or stale)):
+        if 'none' in prompt:
+            return redirect(LoginRequired(request=request).in_uri(request.redirect_uri))
+        return page(200, cfg, title, form=True, request=params, name=name)
+    if subject(session.name, request.client) is None:
+        if fresh:
+            return redirect(AccessDeniedError(description=f'{session.name} may not sign in to this client',
+                                              request=request).in_uri(request.redirect_uri), [fresh.cookie])
+        return page(403, cfg, title, error=f'{session.name} may not sign in here; sign in as another user.', form=True,
+                    request=params)
+    answer, _, _ = server.create_authorization_response(uri, 'GET', None, headers, scopes, credentials={
+        'user': session.name, 'auth_time': session.auth_time, 'amr': session.amr})
+    return redirect(answer['Location'], [fresh.cookie] if fresh else [])
+
+
+def login(server, cfg, form, headers):
+    """Sign a user in with the sign-in page's form, start the session and go on with its authorization request."""
+    params = form.get('request', '')
+    name = form.get('name', '').strip()
+    try:
+        name, amr = sign_in(form)
+    except vpnrouter_users.Failure as failure:
+        return authorize(server, cfg, params, headers, name=name, error=str(failure))
+    except ValueError:
+        return authorize(server, cfg, params, headers, name=name, error='the passkey is not accepted')
+    return authorize(server, cfg, params, headers, fresh=start_session(cfg, name, amr))
+
+
+def device_page(cfg, status=200, signed_in=False, user_code='', name='', error='', headers=()):
+    """The page where the user enters the user code of a device, with the sign-in fields unless signed_in."""
+    return page(status, cfg, 'Sign in on a device', message='Enter the code the device shows.', error=error,
+                form=not signed_in, name=name, headers=headers, action='/oidc/device', device=True, user_code=user_code)
+
+
+def device(cfg, form, headers):
+    """The device page's form: sign in when the browser has no session, then ask the user to allow the device of the
+    user code."""
+    user_code, fresh = form.get('user_code', ''), None
+    session = session_of(cfg, headers.get('Cookie'))
+    if session is None:
+        try:
+            name, amr = sign_in(form)
+        except vpnrouter_users.Failure as failure:
+            return device_page(cfg, 401, user_code=user_code, name=form.get('name', '').strip(), error=str(failure))
+        except ValueError:
+            return device_page(cfg, 401, user_code=user_code, name=form.get('name', '').strip(),
+                               error='the passkey is not accepted')
+        fresh = start_session(cfg, name, amr)
+        session = fresh.session
+    extra = [fresh.cookie] if fresh else []
+    found = device_of(cfg, user_code)
+    client = client_of(found['client_id']) if found else None
+    if client is None:
+        return device_page(cfg, 400, signed_in=True, user_code=user_code, error='the code is wrong or has expired',
+                           headers=extra)
+    shown = client.display_name or client.client_id
+    if subject(session.name, client) is None:
+        return device_page(cfg, 403, signed_in=True, user_code=user_code, headers=extra,
+                           error=f'{session.name} may not sign in to {shown}')
+    items = ([f'resource: {found["resource"]}'] if found['resource'] else []) + [f'scope: {scope}' for scope in found['scopes']]
+    return page(200, cfg, f'Allow {shown}?', message=f'{shown} asks to sign in as {session.name} on a device.',
+                items=items, decide=True, user_code=user_code_of(user_code), headers=extra)
+
+
+def decide(cfg, form, headers):
+    """Allow or deny the device of the user code as the user of the session."""
+    session = session_of(cfg, headers.get('Cookie'))
+    if session is None:
+        return device_page(cfg, 401, user_code=form.get('user_code', ''), error='sign in first')
+    found = device_of(cfg, form.get('user_code', ''))
+    client = client_of(found['client_id']) if found else None
+    if client is None or subject(session.name, client) is None:
+        return device_page(cfg, 400, signed_in=True, user_code=form.get('user_code', ''),
+                           error='the code is wrong or has expired')
+    allowed = form.get('decision') == 'allow'
+    with vpnrouter_auth.database(cfg) as connection:
+        decided = connection.execute('SELECT oidc_device_decide(%s, %s, %s, %s, %s)',
+                                     (vpnrouter_auth.digest(user_code_of(form['user_code'])), session.name,
+                                      session.auth_time, session.amr, allowed)).fetchone()[0]
+    if not decided:
+        return device_page(cfg, 400, signed_in=True, error='the code is wrong or has expired')
+    shown = client.display_name or client.client_id
+    if allowed:
+        return page(200, cfg, 'The device is signed in', message=f'{shown} is signed in as {session.name}. You can return '
+                                                                  'to the device.')
+    return page(200, cfg, 'The device is denied', message=f'{shown} is not signed in.')
+
+
+def logout(cfg, query, headers):
+    """End the session the cookie names, then go to post_logout_redirect_uri, with state, when it is a post-logout
+    redirect URI of the client that client_id or the audience of id_token_hint names; else show that the user is
+    signed out."""
+    values = dict(urllib.parse.parse_qsl(query))
+    value = cookie_value(headers.get('Cookie'))
+    if value:
+        with vpnrouter_auth.database(cfg) as connection:
+            connection.execute('CALL oidc_session_delete(%s)', (vpnrouter_auth.digest(value),))
+    client_id = values.get('client_id')
+    if not client_id and values.get('id_token_hint'):
+        try:
+            audience = jwt.decode(values['id_token_hint'], private_key().public_key(), algorithms=['RS256'],
+                                  options={'verify_exp': False, 'verify_aud': False}).get('aud')
+        except jwt.InvalidTokenError:
+            audience = None
+        client_id = audience[0] if isinstance(audience, list) and audience else audience
+    client = client_of(client_id)
+    target = values.get('post_logout_redirect_uri')
+    expired = cookie('', 0)
+    if client is not None and target in client.post_logout_redirect_uris:
+        return redirect(add_params_to_uri(target, [('state', values['state'])]) if values.get('state') else target, [expired])
+    return page(200, cfg, 'Signed out', message='You are signed out of the router.', headers=[expired])
+
+
+def answer(method, target, headers, body):
+    """Answer a request of the OpenID Provider: the HTTP status, the content type, the body and [(header, value)]; 404
+    while oidc.enabled is false. target is the path with the query, headers a mapping of the request's headers and
+    body its bytes; HEAD is answered as GET."""
+    path, _, query = target.partition('?')
+    method = 'GET' if method == 'HEAD' else method
+    try:
+        cfg = vpnrouter.load_config()
+        if not cfg['oidc']['enabled']:
+            return 404, 'text/plain; charset=utf-8', b'Not found\n', []
+        issuer = vpnrouter.oidc_issuer(cfg)
+        headers = dict(headers.items())
+        text = body.decode('utf-8', 'replace') if body else ''
+        validator = Validator(cfg)
+        server = Server(validator, token_expires_in=ACCESS_SECONDS, token_generator=lambda request: access_token(cfg, request),
+                        refresh_token_generator=random_token_generator)
+        server.grant_types[DEVICE_GRANT] = DeviceCodeGrant(validator)
+        if (method, path) == ('GET', '/.well-known/openid-configuration'):
+            return document(200, discovery(issuer, resource_scopes()))
+        if (method, path) == ('GET', '/oidc/jwks'):
+            return document(200, {'keys': [public_jwk(private_key())]})
+        if path == '/oidc/authorize' and method in ('GET', 'POST'):
+            return authorize(server, cfg, query if method == 'GET' else text, headers)
+        if (method, path) == ('POST', '/oidc/login'):
+            return login(server, cfg, dict(urllib.parse.parse_qsl(text)), headers)
+        if (method, path) == ('POST', '/oidc/passkey'):
+            return document(200, vpnrouter_passkeys.login_begin())
+        if (method, path) == ('POST', '/oidc/token'):
+            return relayed(*server.create_token_response(f'{issuer}{path}', 'POST', text, headers))
+        if (method, path) == ('POST', '/oidc/device_authorization'):
+            return device_authorization(validator, cfg, text, headers)
+        if (method, path) == ('GET', '/oidc/device'):
+            signed_in = session_of(cfg, headers.get('Cookie')) is not None
+            return device_page(cfg, signed_in=signed_in, user_code=dict(urllib.parse.parse_qsl(query)).get('user_code', ''))
+        if (method, path) == ('POST', '/oidc/device'):
+            return device(cfg, dict(urllib.parse.parse_qsl(text)), headers)
+        if (method, path) == ('POST', '/oidc/device/decide'):
+            return decide(cfg, dict(urllib.parse.parse_qsl(text)), headers)
+        if path == '/oidc/userinfo' and method in ('GET', 'POST'):
+            return relayed(*server.create_userinfo_response(f'{issuer}{target}', method, text or None, headers))
+        if (method, path) == ('GET', '/oidc/logout'):
+            return logout(cfg, query, headers)
+        return 404, 'text/plain; charset=utf-8', b'Not found\n', []
+    except OAuth2Error as error:
+        return error.status_code, 'application/json', error.json.encode(), list(error.headers.items())
+    except vpnrouter_users.Failure as failure:
+        return document(400 if failure.status == 2 else 500, {'error': str(failure)})
+    except (ldap.LDAPError, OSError) as exc:
+        return document(500, {'error': f'the OpenID Provider failed: {exc}'})
+    except vpnrouter_auth.DatabaseError as exc:
+        return document(500, {'error': str(exc)})
+    except SystemExit as exc:
+        return document(500, {'error': str(exc.code)})
+    except ValueError as exc:
+        return document(400, {'error': 'invalid_request', 'error_description': str(exc)})

debian-package/src/usr/lib/vpn-router/vpnrouter_passkeys.py

@@ -0,0 +1,202 @@
+"""The passkeys of the router's users, for signing in to the Router Manager and the OpenID Provider (vpnrouter_oidc),
+and for opening a shell, with python3-fido2.
+
+A passkey is a discoverable WebAuthn credential with user verification, of the relying party
+wan.local_fqdn, so the browser offers it at the HTTPS addresses on that name.
+Its user handle is the user name. Each passkey of a user is a value of vpnRouterPasskey on the
+user entry: a JSON object {"id", "credential", "label", "created"}, id the credential ID and
+credential the attested credential data (with the public key), both base64url. A user has at
+most PASSKEYS_MAX passkeys; service accounts have none.
+
+Registration, sign-in and the proof of a signed-in user for a shell are two steps each: begin
+answers the options for the browser and a pending id, whose state the web service keeps in memory
+for PENDING_SECONDS; complete takes the id and the browser's answer. A request that cannot be done
+raises vpnrouter_users.Failure, with the statuses of that module; a sign-in or a proof that fails
+gives status 5 whatever the reason.
+"""
+
+import json
+import secrets
+import threading
+import time
+
+import fido2.features
+import ldap
+from fido2.server import Fido2Server
+from fido2.utils import websafe_decode, websafe_encode
+from fido2.webauthn import (AttestedCredentialData, PublicKeyCredentialRpEntity, PublicKeyCredentialUserEntity,
+                            ResidentKeyRequirement, UserVerificationRequirement)
+
+import vpnrouter
+import vpnrouter_users
+
+# The options and the browser's answers are in the JSON mapping of WebAuthn Level 3; python3-fido2 2.0 always uses it.
+_json_mapping = getattr(fido2.features, 'webauthn_json_mapping', None)
+if _json_mapping is not None:
+    _json_mapping.enabled = True
+
+#: The most passkeys of one user.
+PASSKEYS_MAX = 10
+#: The longest label of a passkey, in characters.
+LABEL_MAX = 64
+#: Seconds a begun registration or sign-in may be completed.
+PENDING_SECONDS = 120
+#: The most begun registrations and sign-ins kept at once.
+PENDING_MAX = 1000
+
+#: The begun registrations and sign-ins: pending id -> (kind, user name or None, state, monotonic time of expiry).
+_pending = {}
+_lock = threading.Lock()
+
+
+def server():
+    """The Fido2Server of the relying party wan.local_fqdn; passkeys need the name."""
+    fqdn = vpnrouter.load_config()['wan']['local_fqdn'].strip()
+    if not fqdn:
+        raise vpnrouter_users.Failure('passkeys need wan.local_fqdn, the name the Router Manager is reached at', 2)
+    return Fido2Server(rp=PublicKeyCredentialRpEntity(name=fqdn, id=fqdn))
+
+
+def keep(kind, name, state):
+    """Keep the state of a begun step and answer its pending id."""
+    pending = secrets.token_urlsafe(24)
+    now = time.monotonic()
+    with _lock:
+        for old in [key for key, (*_, expires) in _pending.items() if expires <= now]:
+            del _pending[old]
+        if len(_pending) >= PENDING_MAX:
+            raise vpnrouter_users.Failure('too many passkey requests at once; retry in a moment')
+        _pending[pending] = (kind, name, state, now + PENDING_SECONDS)
+    return pending
+
+
+def take(kind, name, pending):
+    """The state of a begun step of the kind and user, used up; None when it is unknown or expired."""
+    with _lock:
+        found = _pending.pop(pending, None) if isinstance(pending, str) else None
+    if found is None or found[0] != kind or found[1] != name or found[3] <= time.monotonic():
+        return None
+    return found[2]
+
+
+def credentials(attributes):
+    """The attested credential data of the passkeys of an entry."""
+    return [AttestedCredentialData(websafe_decode(passkey['credential']))
+            for _, passkey in vpnrouter_users.passkeys_of(attributes)]
+
+
+def register_begin(connection, name):
+    """Begin the registration of a passkey of the user: {"id", "options"}, options those of navigator.credentials.create."""
+    current = vpnrouter_users.entry(connection, name)
+    if vpnrouter_users.service(current):
+        raise vpnrouter_users.Failure(f'{name} is a service account, which has no passkeys', 2)
+    if len(vpnrouter_users.passkeys_of(current)) >= PASSKEYS_MAX:
+        raise vpnrouter_users.Failure(f'user {name} has {PASSKEYS_MAX} passkeys, the most; remove one first', 2)
+    options, state = server().register_begin(
+        PublicKeyCredentialUserEntity(id=name.encode(), name=name, display_name=name),
+        credentials(current),
+        resident_key_requirement=ResidentKeyRequirement.REQUIRED,
+        user_verification=UserVerificationRequirement.REQUIRED,
+    )
+    return {'id': keep('register', name, state), 'options': dict(options)}
+
+
+def register_complete(connection, name, pending, response, label):
+    """Store the passkey the browser created for a begun registration, with its label; the user (vpnrouter_users.summary)."""
+    state = take('register', name, pending)
+    if state is None:
+        raise vpnrouter_users.Failure('the registration is unknown or expired; begin it again', 2)
+    if label is None or (isinstance(label, str) and not label.strip()):
+        label = 'Passkey'
+    if not isinstance(label, str) or len(label.strip()) > LABEL_MAX:
+        raise vpnrouter_users.Failure(f'the label must be text of at most {LABEL_MAX} characters', 2)
+    if not isinstance(response, dict):
+        raise vpnrouter_users.Failure('credential must be the answer of navigator.credentials.create as JSON', 2)
+    try:
+        data = server().register_complete(state, response).credential_data
+    except (ValueError, KeyError, TypeError) as exc:
+        raise vpnrouter_users.Failure(f'the passkey is refused: {exc}', 2)
+    current = vpnrouter_users.entry(connection, name)
+    value = json.dumps({
+        'id': websafe_encode(data.credential_id),
+        'credential': websafe_encode(bytes(data)),
+        'label': label.strip(),
+        'created': time.strftime('%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%SZ', time.gmtime()),
+    }, separators=(',', ':'))
+    changes = [] if 'vpnrouteraccount' in vpnrouter_users.classes(current) else [(ldap.MOD_ADD, 'objectClass', [b'vpnRouterAccount'])]
+    changes.append((ldap.MOD_ADD, 'vpnRouterPasskey', [value.encode()]))
+    connection.modify_s(vpnrouter_users.dn_of(name), changes)
+    return vpnrouter_users.summary(vpnrouter_users.entry(connection, name))
+
+
+def remove(connection, name, passkey_id=None):
+    """Remove the user's passkey of the id, or all its passkeys without one; the user (vpnrouter_users.summary)."""
+    current = vpnrouter_users.entry(connection, name)
+    values = current.get('vpnRouterPasskey', [])
+    kept = [value for value, passkey in vpnrouter_users.passkeys_of(current)
+            if passkey_id is not None and passkey['id'] != passkey_id]
+    if passkey_id is not None and len(kept) == len(vpnrouter_users.passkeys_of(current)):
+        raise vpnrouter_users.Failure(f'user {name} has no passkey {passkey_id}', 3)
+    if len(kept) != len(values):
+        connection.modify_s(vpnrouter_users.dn_of(name), [(ldap.MOD_REPLACE, 'vpnRouterPasskey', kept)])
+    return vpnrouter_users.summary(vpnrouter_users.entry(connection, name))
+
+
+def login_begin():
+    """Begin a sign-in with a passkey: {"id", "options"}, options those of navigator.credentials.get, for any user."""
+    options, state = server().authenticate_begin(user_verification=UserVerificationRequirement.REQUIRED)
+    return {'id': keep('login', None, state), 'options': dict(options)}
+
+
+def login_complete(connection, pending, response):
+    """The name of the user whose passkey signed a begun sign-in, when the user is enabled, not locked and not a
+    service account."""
+    refused = vpnrouter_users.Failure('the passkey is not accepted', 5)
+    state = take('login', None, pending)
+    if state is None or not isinstance(response, dict):
+        raise refused
+    try:
+        name = websafe_decode(response['response']['userHandle']).decode()
+    except (KeyError, TypeError, ValueError):
+        raise refused
+    if not vpnrouter_users.NAME.match(name):
+        raise refused
+    try:
+        current = vpnrouter_users.entry(connection, name)
+    except vpnrouter_users.Failure:
+        raise refused
+    user = vpnrouter_users.summary(current)
+    if user['service'] or not user['enabled'] or user['locked']:
+        raise refused
+    try:
+        server().authenticate_complete(state, credentials(current), response)
+    except (ValueError, KeyError, TypeError):
+        raise refused
+    return name
+
+
+def shell_begin(connection, name):
+    """Begin the proof of the signed-in user for a shell: {"id", "options"}, options those of navigator.credentials.get
+    for the user's own passkeys, with user verification."""
+    own = credentials(vpnrouter_users.entry(connection, name))
+    if not own:
+        raise vpnrouter_users.Failure(f'{name} has no passkey; add one on the Account page', 2)
+    options, state = server().authenticate_begin(own, user_verification=UserVerificationRequirement.REQUIRED)
+    return {'id': keep('shell', name, state), 'options': dict(options)}
+
+
+def shell_complete(connection, name, pending, response):
+    """Check the browser's answer to a begun proof of the user for a shell: one of the user's own passkeys, with the
+    user verified, while the user is enabled and not locked."""
+    refused = vpnrouter_users.Failure('the passkey is not accepted', 5)
+    state = take('shell', name, pending)
+    if state is None or not isinstance(response, dict):
+        raise refused
+    current = vpnrouter_users.entry(connection, name)
+    user = vpnrouter_users.summary(current)
+    if not user['enabled'] or user['locked']:
+        raise refused
+    try:
+        server().authenticate_complete(state, credentials(current), response)
+    except (ValueError, KeyError, TypeError):
+        raise refused

debian-package/src/usr/lib/vpn-router/vpnrouter_platforms/__init__.py

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ adding one file here. Nothing in the core has to be edited.
 
 A module may define any of:
 
-    EXTRA_P2S_DNS   str, added to the road-warrior pool 'dns' list
+    EXTRA_P2S_DNS   str, added to the 'dns' list of the IKEv2 address pool
     EXTRA_LOCAL_TS  str, added to 'local_ts' on both connections
     apply(ctx)      called once the system has been configured, to apply
                     platform-specific state. Must be idempotent. ctx is the

debian-package/src/usr/lib/vpn-router/vpnrouter_platforms/azure.py

@@ -3,9 +3,9 @@
 No platform-specific configuration is currently required.
 
 The Azure platform resolver 168.63.129.16 is deliberately *not* advertised to
-road-warrior clients and *not* added to the traffic selectors. Clients are
-given the router itself as their DNS server, and the router forwards through
-its own systemd-resolved via the p2s-forwarder drop-in. That resolves
+IKEv2 clients and *not* added to the traffic selectors. Clients are
+given the router's addresses of p2s.dns_listen as their DNS servers, where dnsmasq
+forwards to the router's own systemd-resolved. That resolves
 Azure-internal names without routing the wireserver address through the tunnel
 and without a second resolver in the pool.
 """

debian-package/src/usr/lib/vpn-router/vpnrouter_platforms/gcp.py

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 No platform-specific configuration is currently required.
 
-As on Azure, road-warrior clients are given the router itself as their DNS
+As on Azure, IKEv2 clients are given the router itself as their DNS
 server and the router forwards through its own systemd-resolved, so the
 metadata resolver does not belong in the pool or in the traffic selectors.
 """

debian-package/src/usr/lib/vpn-router/vpnrouter_serve.py

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ Only the Python standard library is used, so the bootstrap server, which must ru
 is broken, can use it.
 """
 
+import sys
 import threading
 import time
 from http.server import ThreadingHTTPServer
@@ -14,9 +15,21 @@ def serve(wanted, handler, log, interval):
 
     wanted answers ([(address, port), ...], '') or ([], the reason not to listen). A server whose
     place is no longer wanted is stopped, and a new one listens at each new place; a place that
-    cannot be bound is tried again the next round. Every new message is logged with log. Does
-    not return.
+    cannot be bound is tried again the next round. Every new message is logged with log. A request
+    whose client went away is not logged; any other exception a request, a thread or the process
+    does not handle is logged with log in one line, without a traceback. Does not return.
     """
+    def failed(request, client_address):
+        failure = sys.exc_info()[1]
+        if not isinstance(failure, ConnectionError):
+            log(f'a request from {client_address[0]} failed: {type(failure).__name__}: {failure}')
+
+    def thread_failed(hook):
+        if not issubclass(hook.exc_type, (SystemExit, ConnectionError)):
+            log(f'{hook.thread.name if hook.thread else "a thread"} failed: {hook.exc_type.__name__}: {hook.exc_value}')
+
+    threading.excepthook = thread_failed
+    sys.excepthook = lambda kind, value, _: log(f'failed: {kind.__name__}: {value}')
     servers, reported = {}, None
     while True:
         targets, reason = wanted()
@@ -34,6 +47,7 @@ def serve(wanted, handler, log, interval):
             except OSError as exc:
                 messages.append(f'cannot listen on {target[0]}:{target[1]}: {exc}')
                 continue
+            server.handle_error = failed
             thread = threading.Thread(target=server.serve_forever, name=f'server {target[0]}', daemon=True)
             thread.start()
             servers[target] = (server, thread)

debian-package/src/usr/lib/vpn-router/vpnrouter_sites.py

@@ -0,0 +1,439 @@
+"""The static web sites Caddy serves, for the web service, vpn-router-site, vpn-router-setup and webdav-auth.
+
+A site is a row of the sites table in the vpn-router-sites database, which the web service creates on its first run
+(provision) with its role and the password in DATABASE_SECRET; SITES_SQL defines the table and its procedures, and the
+first connection of a process loads it. A site has a name, which also names its folder SITES_DIR/<name>, the host names
+Caddy answers on its port (hosts, the names TLS clients send as SNI; none answers any name), the interfaces whose
+firewall opens the port (listen), and TLS: none (plain HTTP), acme (a certificate of Let's Encrypt), ca (certificates
+Caddy issues with one of pki.issuing_cas) or file (a certificate and key given with the site). Caddy serves the files of
+the folder, index_file for a folder, and with spa index_file of the site for any path without a file. editors names
+the group whose members change the site's files besides the admins, through the web service and WebDAV.
+
+The sites are served while sites.enabled is true; vpn-router-setup writes Caddy's configuration and opens the ports. A
+site is changed only through this module, which checks it (check), and its callers then restart vpn-router-setup.
+
+The files of a site are read and written by path relative to its folder; resolve() refuses a path that leaves it.
+receive() writes a file from a stream, extract() a zip archive into a folder; both stop at sites.upload_max_mb.
+
+Every failure of the database raises DatabaseError; a request that cannot be done raises Failure, whose status says
+why: 2 invalid, 3 no such site, 4 the site exists, 1 anything else.
+"""
+
+import contextlib
+import datetime
+import os
+import pathlib
+import re
+import shutil
+import stat
+import tempfile
+import zipfile
+
+import psycopg
+from psycopg.rows import dict_row
+from cryptography import x509
+from cryptography.hazmat.primitives import serialization
+
+import vpnrouter
+import vpnrouter_auth
+import vpnrouter_pki
+import vpnrouter_users
+
+DATABASE = 'vpn-router-sites'
+DATABASE_SECRET = pathlib.Path('/etc/vpn-router/sites-database.secret')
+SITES_SQL = pathlib.Path('/usr/share/vpn-router/sql/sites.sql')
+
+#: The folders of the sites, SITES_DIR/<name>.
+SITES_DIR = pathlib.Path('/var/lib/vpn-router/sites')
+
+#: The name of a site, which also names its folder.
+NAME = re.compile(r'^[a-z][a-z0-9-]{0,30}$')
+
+#: A file name of index_file.
+INDEX = re.compile(r'^[A-Za-z0-9_-][A-Za-z0-9._-]{0,63}$')
+
+LISTEN = vpnrouter.LISTEN_CHOICES
+TLS = ('none', 'acme', 'ca', 'file')
+
+#: The most host names of one site.
+HOSTS_MAX = 16
+
+#: The most members a zip archive extract() takes.
+ARCHIVE_MEMBERS_MAX = 10000
+
+#: The bytes copied at once from a stream.
+CHUNK = 65536
+
+#: The settings of a site and their defaults; the type of a default is the required type.
+SETTINGS = {'enabled': True, 'hosts': [], 'port': 443, 'listen': 'external', 'tls': 'acme', 'ca': '', 'certificate': '',
+            'private_key': '', 'index_file': 'index.html', 'spa': False, 'editors': ''}
+
+#: Whether this process has loaded SITES_SQL.
+_loaded = False
+
+
+class DatabaseError(Exception):
+    """The database of the sites failed."""
+
+
+class Failure(Exception):
+    """A request that cannot be done; status is 2 invalid, 3 no such site, 4 the site exists, 1 other."""
+
+    def __init__(self, message, status=1):
+        super().__init__(message)
+        self.status = status
+
+
+def provision():
+    """Create the role, its password file and the database of the sites when they are missing."""
+    vpnrouter_auth.provision_database(DATABASE, DATABASE_SECRET)
+
+
+@contextlib.contextmanager
+def database():
+    """A connection to the database of the sites, with its table and procedures, closed at the end; DatabaseError on any
+    failure, also before the web service has created the database."""
+    global _loaded
+    try:
+        schema = None if _loaded else SITES_SQL.read_text(encoding='utf-8')
+        target = vpnrouter_auth.local_connection(DATABASE, DATABASE_SECRET)
+    except OSError as exc:
+        raise DatabaseError(f'the database of the sites is not ready: {exc}') from exc
+    try:
+        with psycopg.connect(target, autocommit=True, row_factory=dict_row) as connection:
+            if schema is not None:
+                connection.execute(schema)
+                _loaded = True
+            yield connection
+    except psycopg.Error as exc:
+        raise DatabaseError(f'the database of the sites failed: {exc}') from exc
+
+
+def shown(row):
+    """A site as the answers show it: its settings without the private key, with private_key_set and its folder."""
+    site = {key: value for key, value in row.items() if key != 'private_key'}
+    site['private_key_set'] = bool(row.get('private_key'))
+    site['modified'] = row['modified'].isoformat(timespec='seconds')
+    site['directory'] = str(SITES_DIR / row['name'])
+    return site
+
+
+def listing():
+    """Every site, as shown()."""
+    with database() as connection:
+        return [shown(row) for row in connection.execute('SELECT * FROM sites_list()').fetchall()]
+
+
+def served():
+    """The enabled sites with their private keys."""
+    with database() as connection:
+        return connection.execute('SELECT * FROM sites_served()').fetchall()
+
+
+def get(connection, name):
+    """The site with its private key; Failure with status 3 when there is none."""
+    if not isinstance(name, str) or not NAME.match(name):
+        raise Failure(f'no site {name}', 3)
+    row = connection.execute('SELECT * FROM site_get(%s)', (name,)).fetchone()
+    if row is None:
+        raise Failure(f'no site {name}', 3)
+    return row
+
+
+def editable(groups):
+    """The names of the sites whose files the members of the groups may change."""
+    with database() as connection:
+        return [row['name'] for row in connection.execute('SELECT * FROM sites_editable(%s)', (list(groups),))]
+
+
+def sites_of_group(group):
+    """The names of the sites whose editors are the group; [] before the web service has created the database."""
+    if not DATABASE_SECRET.is_file():
+        return []
+    with database() as connection:
+        return [row['name'] for row in connection.execute('SELECT * FROM sites_of_group(%s)', (group,))]
+
+
+def rename_group(old, new):
+    """Give the sites whose editors are the group old its new name."""
+    if DATABASE_SECRET.is_file():
+        with database() as connection:
+            connection.execute('CALL sites_rename_group(%s, %s)', (old, new))
+
+
+def taken_ports(cfg):
+    """The TCP ports of the router's own services, port -> what has it, which no site may take."""
+    taken = {22: 'SSH', cfg['web']['port']: 'web.port', cfg['https']['web_port']: 'https.web_port',
+             cfg['https']['manager_port']: 'https.manager_port', cfg['metrics']['port']: 'metrics.port',
+             cfg['metrics']['https_port']: 'metrics.https_port', vpnrouter.manager_port(): 'the Router Manager',
+             cfg['sites']['webdav_port']: 'sites.webdav_port', vpnrouter.WEBDAV_LOOPBACK_PORT: 'rclone\'s WebDAV',
+             53: 'DNS'}
+    for port in vpnrouter.BOOTSTRAP_PORTS:
+        taken[port] = 'the bootstrap services'
+    if cfg['openvpn']['protocol'] == 'tcp':
+        taken[cfg['openvpn']['port']] = 'openvpn.port'
+    for item in cfg['docker']['exposed_ports']:
+        first, _, last = item.strip().partition(':')
+        if first.isdigit() and (not last or last.isdigit()):
+            for port in range(int(first), int(last or first) + 1):
+                taken[port] = 'docker.exposed_ports'
+    return taken
+
+
+def check_certificate(certificate, private_key, hosts):
+    """Refuse a PEM certificate chain whose first certificate is not the key's or names none of the hosts."""
+    try:
+        chain = x509.load_pem_x509_certificates(certificate.encode())
+    except ValueError:
+        raise Failure('certificate must be PEM certificates, the site\'s first', 2)
+    try:
+        key = serialization.load_pem_private_key(private_key.encode(), password=None)
+    except (ValueError, TypeError):
+        raise Failure('private_key must be an unencrypted PEM private key', 2)
+    if not vpnrouter_pki.same_key(chain[0].public_key(), key.public_key()):
+        raise Failure('private_key is not the key of the certificate', 2)
+    names = {value.partition(':')[2] for value in vpnrouter_pki.san_values(chain[0]) if not value.startswith('email:')}
+    missing = [host for host in hosts if host not in names and f'*.{host.partition(".")[2]}' not in names]
+    if missing:
+        raise Failure(f'the certificate does not name {", ".join(missing)}', 2)
+
+
+def check(cfg, sites, site):
+    """Refuse a site, a dict of SETTINGS with its name, that is invalid or collides with the other sites (sites, rows of
+    the table) or with the router's own ports."""
+    name = site['name']
+    if not isinstance(name, str) or not NAME.match(name):
+        raise Failure('a site name starts with a lowercase letter and has at most 31 lowercase letters, digits and '
+                      'hyphens', 2)
+    for option, default in SETTINGS.items():
+        value = site[option]
+        if type(value) is not type(default) or (isinstance(value, list) and not all(isinstance(item, str) for item in value)):
+            raise Failure(f'{option} must be {vpnrouter.TYPE_NAMES[type(default)]}', 2)
+    hosts = site['hosts']
+    if len(hosts) > HOSTS_MAX or len(set(hosts)) != len(hosts):
+        raise Failure(f'hosts must be at most {HOSTS_MAX} different host names', 2)
+    for host in hosts:
+        if not (vpnrouter_pki.DNS_NAME.match(host) or vpnrouter_pki.is_address(host)):
+            raise Failure(f'hosts: {host!r} is not a host name in lowercase or an IP address', 2)
+        if host == cfg['wan']['local_fqdn'].strip():
+            raise Failure(f'hosts: {host} is wan.local_fqdn, the name of the router\'s own services', 2)
+    port = site['port']
+    if not 1 <= port <= 65535:
+        raise Failure(f'port: {port} is not a port', 2)
+    taken = taken_ports(cfg)
+    if port in taken:
+        raise Failure(f'port: {port} is the port of {taken[port]}', 2)
+    if site['listen'] not in LISTEN:
+        raise Failure(f'listen: {site["listen"]!r} is not one of {", ".join(LISTEN)}', 2)
+    tls = site['tls']
+    if tls not in TLS:
+        raise Failure(f'tls: {tls!r} is not one of {", ".join(TLS)}', 2)
+    if tls != 'none' and not hosts:
+        raise Failure(f'tls {tls} needs hosts, the names of the certificate', 2)
+    if tls == 'acme' and any(host.startswith('*.') or vpnrouter_pki.is_address(host) for host in hosts):
+        raise Failure('tls acme takes host names only, without wildcards', 2)
+    if tls == 'ca':
+        authorities = {key: value for key, value in vpnrouter.issuing_cas(cfg).items() if not value['builtin']}
+        if site['ca'] not in authorities:
+            raise Failure(f'ca: {site["ca"]!r} is not one of pki.issuing_cas', 2)
+    if tls == 'file':
+        check_certificate(site['certificate'], site['private_key'], hosts)
+    if not INDEX.match(site['index_file']):
+        raise Failure('index_file must be a file name', 2)
+    if site['editors']:
+        with vpnrouter_users.session() as connection:
+            try:
+                vpnrouter_users.group_entry(connection, site['editors'])
+            except vpnrouter_users.Failure:
+                raise Failure(f'editors: group {site["editors"]} does not exist', 2)
+    if not site['enabled']:
+        return
+    for other in sites:
+        if other['name'] == name or not other['enabled'] or other['port'] != port:
+            continue
+        prefix = f'port {port} is also the port of site {other["name"]}'
+        if (other['tls'] == 'none') != (tls == 'none'):
+            raise Failure(f'{prefix}, which is {"plain HTTP" if other["tls"] == "none" else "HTTPS"}', 2)
+        if other['listen'] != site['listen']:
+            raise Failure(f'{prefix}, which listens on {other["listen"]}', 2)
+        if not hosts or not other['hosts']:
+            raise Failure(f'{prefix}; sites sharing a port need host names', 2)
+        common = sorted(set(hosts) & set(other['hosts']))
+        if common:
+            raise Failure(f'{prefix}, which has {", ".join(common)} too', 2)
+
+
+def save(cfg, name, values, create):
+    """Add the site with values, a dict of some of SETTINGS (create), or change those of an existing one; the site as
+    shown(). An absent or empty private_key keeps the current one."""
+    unknown = sorted(set(values) - set(SETTINGS))
+    if unknown:
+        raise Failure(f'unknown settings: {", ".join(unknown)}', 2)
+    with database() as connection:
+        rows = connection.execute('SELECT * FROM sites_list()').fetchall()
+        current = next((row for row in rows if row['name'] == name), None)
+        if create and current is not None:
+            raise Failure(f'site {name} exists', 4)
+        if not create:
+            current = get(connection, name)
+        site = {**SETTINGS, **({key: current[key] for key in SETTINGS} if current else {}), 'name': name}
+        site.update({key: value for key, value in values.items() if key != 'private_key' or value})
+        if isinstance(site['hosts'], list):
+            site['hosts'] = [host.strip().lower() for host in site['hosts'] if isinstance(host, str) and host.strip()]
+        if site['tls'] != 'file':
+            site['certificate'] = site['private_key'] = ''
+        if site['tls'] != 'ca':
+            site['ca'] = ''
+        check(cfg, rows, site)
+        connection.execute('CALL site_put(%s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s)',
+                           tuple(site[key] for key in ('name', *SETTINGS)))
+        ensure_folders([name])
+        return shown(get(connection, name))
+
+
+def remove(name, content):
+    """Remove the site, and with content its folder."""
+    with database() as connection:
+        get(connection, name)
+        connection.execute('CALL site_remove(%s)', (name,))
+    if content:
+        shutil.rmtree(SITES_DIR / name, ignore_errors=True)
+    return {'name': name, 'removed': True}
+
+
+def ensure_folders(names):
+    """Create the folders of the sites that miss one, readable by all."""
+    SITES_DIR.mkdir(mode=0o755, parents=True, exist_ok=True)
+    for name in names:
+        (SITES_DIR / name).mkdir(mode=0o755, exist_ok=True)
+
+
+def resolve(name, relative):
+    """The path of the site's file or folder relative to its folder; Failure with status 2 for a path that leaves it,
+    status 3 when the site has no folder."""
+    if not isinstance(name, str) or not NAME.match(name):
+        raise Failure(f'no site {name}', 3)
+    base = SITES_DIR / name
+    if not base.is_dir():
+        raise Failure(f'site {name} has no folder', 3)
+    if '\0' in relative or any(part in ('.', '..') for part in relative.split('/')):
+        raise Failure(f'{relative!r} is not a path in the site\'s folder', 2)
+    target = pathlib.Path(os.path.realpath(base / relative.strip('/')))
+    if target != base and base not in target.parents:
+        raise Failure(f'{relative!r} is not a path in the site\'s folder', 2)
+    return target
+
+
+def relative_of(name, path):
+    return str(path.relative_to(SITES_DIR / name))
+
+
+def entries(name, folder):
+    """The entries of a folder of the site: [{name, folder, size, modified}], folders first, then by name."""
+    found = []
+    for item in os.scandir(folder):
+        try:
+            info = item.stat(follow_symlinks=False)
+        except OSError:
+            continue
+        found.append({'name': item.name, 'folder': stat.S_ISDIR(info.st_mode),
+                      'size': info.st_size if stat.S_ISREG(info.st_mode) else 0,
+                      'modified': datetime.datetime.fromtimestamp(info.st_mtime, datetime.timezone.utc)
+                      .isoformat(timespec='seconds')})
+    return {'path': relative_of(name, folder) if folder != SITES_DIR / name else '',
+            'entries': sorted(found, key=lambda entry: (not entry['folder'], entry['name']))}
+
+
+def receive(stream, length, target, limit):
+    """Write length bytes of the stream to the file target, replacing it in one step; Failure with status 2 over limit
+    bytes. Its folders are created."""
+    if length > limit:
+        raise Failure(f'the file has {length} bytes, more than sites.upload_max_mb allows', 2)
+    if target.is_dir():
+        raise Failure(f'{target.name} is a folder', 2)
+    target.parent.mkdir(mode=0o755, parents=True, exist_ok=True)
+    descriptor, name = tempfile.mkstemp(dir=target.parent, prefix=f'.{target.name}.')
+    try:
+        with os.fdopen(descriptor, 'wb') as handle:
+            left = length
+            while left:
+                data = stream.read(min(CHUNK, left))
+                if not data:
+                    raise Failure('the client sent less than its Content-Length', 2)
+                handle.write(data)
+                left -= len(data)
+        os.chmod(name, 0o644)
+        os.replace(name, target)
+    except BaseException:
+        os.unlink(name)
+        raise
+
+
+def extract(stream, length, folder, limit):
+    """Extract the zip archive of length bytes of the stream into the folder, created when missing; the number of files.
+
+    A member with an absolute path, a .. or a link, more than ARCHIVE_MEMBERS_MAX members or more than limit bytes
+    unpacked refuse the whole archive, before anything is written.
+    """
+    if length > limit:
+        raise Failure(f'the archive has {length} bytes, more than sites.upload_max_mb allows', 2)
+    folder.mkdir(mode=0o755, parents=True, exist_ok=True)
+    with tempfile.TemporaryFile(dir=folder) as spool:
+        left = length
+        while left:
+            data = stream.read(min(CHUNK, left))
+            if not data:
+                raise Failure('the client sent less than its Content-Length', 2)
+            spool.write(data)
+            left -= len(data)
+        spool.seek(0)
+        try:
+            archive = zipfile.ZipFile(spool)
+        except zipfile.BadZipFile:
+            raise Failure('the file is not a zip archive', 2)
+        with archive:
+            members = archive.infolist()
+            if len(members) > ARCHIVE_MEMBERS_MAX:
+                raise Failure(f'the archive has more than {ARCHIVE_MEMBERS_MAX} members', 2)
+            if sum(member.file_size for member in members) > limit:
+                raise Failure('the archive unpacks to more than sites.upload_max_mb allows', 2)
+            for member in members:
+                parts = member.filename.replace('\\', '/').split('/')
+                if member.filename.startswith('/') or '..' in parts or '\0' in member.filename or \
+                        stat.S_ISLNK(member.external_attr >> 16):
+                    raise Failure(f'the archive member {member.filename!r} is a link or leaves the folder', 2)
+            count = 0
+            for member in members:
+                target = folder / member.filename.replace('\\', '/').strip('/')
+                if member.is_dir():
+                    target.mkdir(mode=0o755, parents=True, exist_ok=True)
+                    continue
+                target.parent.mkdir(mode=0o755, parents=True, exist_ok=True)
+                with archive.open(member) as source:
+                    receive(source, member.file_size, target, limit)
+                count += 1
+    return count
+
+
+def make_folder(target):
+    target.mkdir(mode=0o755, parents=True, exist_ok=True)
+
+
+def rename(name, source, relative):
+    """Move the file or folder source of the site to the path relative to its folder; Failure when that exists."""
+    target = resolve(name, relative)
+    if target.exists():
+        raise Failure(f'{relative} exists', 4)
+    target.parent.mkdir(mode=0o755, parents=True, exist_ok=True)
+    os.replace(source, target)
+    return target
+
+
+def delete(name, target):
+    """Remove the file or folder of the site, but not its folder."""
+    if target == SITES_DIR / name:
+        raise Failure('the site\'s folder itself cannot be removed', 2)
+    if target.is_dir() and not target.is_symlink():
+        shutil.rmtree(target)
+    else:
+        target.unlink()

debian-package/src/usr/lib/vpn-router/vpnrouter_status.py

@@ -0,0 +1,148 @@
+"""What the router's VPN systems report, for the web service and the metrics service.
+
+Each reader asks the running system once and answers None when it cannot be asked: swanctl for
+the IKE SAs and the state and traffic of the site-to-site connections, wg for the WireGuard
+peers and the OpenVPN server's status file for its clients.
+"""
+
+import subprocess
+import time
+
+COMMAND_TIMEOUT = 5
+
+OPENVPN_STATUS = '/run/openvpn-server/status-vpn-router.log'
+
+#: Seconds between two writes of OPENVPN_STATUS by the OpenVPN server, whose configuration sets it (OpenVPN's default is 60).
+OPENVPN_STATUS_SECONDS = 5
+
+#: Seconds since its last handshake within which a WireGuard peer counts as connected.
+WIREGUARD_CONNECTED_SECONDS = 180
+
+
+def run(*args):
+    """The finished process of a command, or None when it cannot be run."""
+    try:
+        return subprocess.run(args, capture_output=True, text=True, timeout=COMMAND_TIMEOUT)
+    except (OSError, subprocess.TimeoutExpired):
+        return None
+
+
+def swanctl(command):
+    """The entries of a swanctl list command, or None when swanctl cannot be asked.
+
+    The --pretty output has one item per line: "name {" opens a section, "key = [" a list
+    whose items follow one per line, "}" and "]" close them, and "key = value" is a pair
+    whose value may contain spaces. Every "... event {" section at the top holds one
+    connection or SA; each becomes an entry with its name under "name". The closing
+    "... reply {" section is left out. Values stay strings, as swanctl prints them.
+    Output with more closing than opening lines gives None.
+    """
+    result = run('swanctl', command, '--pretty')
+    if result is None or result.returncode != 0:
+        return None
+    events = []
+    stack = []
+    for line in result.stdout.splitlines():
+        line = line.strip()
+        if not line:
+            continue
+        if line in ('}', ']'):
+            if not stack:
+                return None
+            stack.pop()
+        elif not stack:
+            section = {}
+            if line.endswith(' event {'):
+                events.append(section)
+            stack.append(section)
+        elif isinstance(stack[-1], list):
+            stack[-1].append(line)
+        elif line.endswith(' {'):
+            stack[-1][line[:-2]] = section = {}
+            stack.append(section)
+        elif line.endswith(' = ['):
+            stack[-1][line[:-4]] = items = []
+            stack.append(items)
+        else:
+            key, _, value = line.partition(' = ')
+            stack[-1][key] = value
+    return [dict(body, name=name) for event in events for name, body in event.items()]
+
+
+def established_each(connections):
+    """The number of established IKE SAs of each of the connections by name, None for each when swanctl cannot be asked."""
+    sas = swanctl('--list-sas')
+    return {name: None if sas is None else sum(1 for sa in sas if sa['name'] == name and sa.get('state') == 'ESTABLISHED')
+            for name in connections}
+
+
+def _count(text):
+    """A counter swanctl prints as a string, as an integer; 0 when it is not a whole number."""
+    return int(text) if isinstance(text, str) and text.isdigit() else 0
+
+
+def site_to_site_tunnels(connections):
+    """The state of each of the connections by name, or None when swanctl cannot be asked.
+
+    Each has up, 1 while it has an established IKE SA and 0 otherwise; uptime, the seconds since
+    its oldest established IKE SA was established, None while it is down; and bytes_in,
+    bytes_out, packets_in and packets_out, the sums over the child SAs of its established IKE
+    SAs. The sums start again from zero when a child SA is rekeyed.
+    """
+    sas = swanctl('--list-sas')
+    if sas is None:
+        return None
+    tunnels = {}
+    for name in connections:
+        up = [sa for sa in sas if sa['name'] == name and sa.get('state') == 'ESTABLISHED']
+        children = [child for sa in up for child in (sa.get('child-sas') or {}).values() if isinstance(child, dict)]
+        tunnels[name] = {
+            'up': 1 if up else 0,
+            'uptime': max((_count(sa.get('established')) for sa in up), default=None),
+            **{key.replace('-', '_'): sum(_count(child.get(key)) for child in children)
+               for key in ('bytes-in', 'bytes-out', 'packets-in', 'packets-out')},
+        }
+    return tunnels
+
+
+def established(connection):
+    """The number of established IKE SAs of the connection, or None when swanctl cannot be asked."""
+    return established_each([connection])[connection]
+
+
+def wireguard_peers():
+    """One entry per WireGuard peer, with its handshake age and traffic, or None when wg0 is down."""
+    result = run('wg', 'show', 'wg0', 'dump')
+    if result is None or result.returncode != 0:
+        return None
+    now = int(time.time())
+    peers = []
+    for line in result.stdout.splitlines()[1:]:
+        fields = line.split('\t')
+        if len(fields) < 7:
+            continue
+        handshake = int(fields[4])
+        peers.append({
+            'handshake_seconds_ago': now - handshake if handshake else None,
+            'received_bytes': int(fields[5]),
+            'sent_bytes': int(fields[6]),
+        })
+    return peers
+
+
+def wireguard_connected():
+    """The number of WireGuard peers with a handshake in the last WIREGUARD_CONNECTED_SECONDS, or None when wg0 is down."""
+    peers = wireguard_peers()
+    if peers is None:
+        return None
+    return sum(1 for peer in peers
+               if peer['handshake_seconds_ago'] is not None and peer['handshake_seconds_ago'] < WIREGUARD_CONNECTED_SECONDS)
+
+
+def openvpn_clients():
+    """The number of connected OpenVPN clients, from the server's status file, or None when it cannot be read."""
+    try:
+        with open(OPENVPN_STATUS, encoding='utf-8') as handle:
+            return sum(1 for line in handle if line.startswith('CLIENT_LIST,'))
+    except OSError:
+        return None

debian-package/src/usr/lib/vpn-router/vpnrouter_web/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,102 @@
+"""The router's web service, run by vpn-router-web.service; the entry point is /usr/lib/vpn-router/web.
+
+Pages:
+  /        the status for people: plain text for curl and wget, a styled page
+           (Tailwind CSS from a CDN) for a browser
+  /status  the status as JSON
+  /status/full
+           the whole status as JSON, whatever web.status_content says, for the Router Manager
+  /config  the configuration without its secrets, and what the router resolved and
+           runs, with the installed Caddy and where it comes from, as JSON
+  /users   the users in the router's directory, whether or not a P2S system is enabled: list,
+           add, change, set the password, disable, enable, remove, the OpenVPN client
+           profile, and TOTP enrolment (see users()); service accounts are not among them
+  /service-accounts
+           the service accounts: list, add, change the e-mail address, set the password,
+           disable, enable, unlock and remove; the internal ones are only listed (see
+           service_accounts())
+  /groups  the groups of the router's directory: list, add, rename or describe, remove, and
+           add and take out members (see groups())
+  /account the account of the signed-in user: its details, its password, its TOTP
+           enrolment and its passkeys (see account())
+  /site-to-site
+           the site-to-site connections of the configuration: list, add, change and remove,
+           applied by vpn-router-setup (see site_to_site())
+  /backup  the backup settings, the last run and the local archives: show, change and run
+           now (see backup())
+  /remote-access
+           the settings of IKEv2, OpenVPN and WireGuard access and whether each
+           runs: show and change, applied by vpn-router-setup (see remote_access())
+  /ca      the PKI: its settings, the root and issuing CAs, the certificates issued; change the
+           settings, issue and revoke certificates, and take the certificate of an issuing CA
+           and a root CRL signed offline (see ca())
+  /pki/<name>.crt, /pki/<name>.crl
+           the DER certificate and CRL of the root (root) and of each issuing CA, which the
+           certificates name in their AIA and CRL distribution points; no authentication
+  /shell   while web.shell is true, a login shell of the user's console account on a terminal, for
+           a member of admins whose console login is on and who has a TOTP token: POST signs the user in again,
+           with the password and the TOTP code or with a passkey whose proof POST /shell/passkey begins,
+           unless the user used a shell within web.shell_auth_timeout minutes, for a one-time ticket
+           (see shell_ticket() and shell_passkey()), GET with it is a WebSocket
+           that carries the terminal (see Handler.shell()); /shell/editor/<session>/<id> reads, saves and
+           closes a file the shell opened with vpn-router-editor (vre) over EDITOR_SOCKET (see
+           shell_editor() and editor_request())
+  /auth   sign-in with a user's password and TOTP code or with a passkey, refresh and sign-out
+           (see auth())
+  /metrics/history
+           the metrics the metrics service keeps, for a view: hour, day, month or year (see
+           metrics_history())
+  /metrics/settings
+           the settings of the metrics service: show and change, applied by vpn-router-setup (see
+           metrics_settings())
+  /logs   the last lines of the journal of the router's units and of the files web.log_files lists
+           (see logs())
+  /sites   the web sites Caddy serves: the settings of sites, list, add, change and remove (see sites()),
+           and the files of each: list, download, upload, extract a zip archive, create a folder, rename and
+           remove (see Handler.site_files()); a member of a site's editors group may use the site's files
+  /dns     the primary name server of the router's domains: its settings, and the domains: add, change and
+           remove, each with its secondaries, the records it serves, and its manual records (see dns())
+  /postgresql
+           the databases of each PostgreSQL cluster on the router with their sizes, as JSON (see
+           postgresql_databases()); /config has the clusters' settings
+  /.well-known/openid-configuration, /oidc/...
+           while oidc.enabled is true, the OpenID Provider (vpnrouter_oidc), answered only on the
+           loopback address, where Caddy passes the requests of the HTTPS site; POST /oidc/login counts
+           towards the limit of /auth calls
+
+/status/full, /config, /metrics/history, /metrics/settings, /postgresql, /users, /service-accounts, /groups, /site-to-site, /backup, /remote-access, /ca, /logs, /sites, /dns, /shell and /account need an HS256 JWT in an Authorization: Bearer header signed
+with vpnrouter_auth.WEB_KEY (see vpnrouter_auth.verify). A token of /auth names a user in sub;
+/account serves that user, and the other paths need a member of vpnrouter_users.ADMIN_GROUP. A
+token of vpn-router-token has the admin claim and names no user; it may call every path but
+/account, and only such a token may change ADMIN_GROUP: create, rename to it, change, remove it,
+add or take out its members, and remove one of its members, and switch a user's console login.
+These paths and /auth are not
+served (404) while the key does not exist. /auth but its sign-out and the beginning of a passkey
+sign-in is limited to AUTH_LIMIT calls per client
+address in AUTH_WINDOW seconds; the address of a call from one of web.trusted_proxies, by
+default the address the call came in on, is the last entry of its X-Forwarded-For header.
+
+/ and /status show only the status, as much as web.status_content says (see shown): basic, the
+default, the overall status, the time and the client's address (its address as for the rate limit
+below); standard also the package version, the installed version of vpn-router-manager
+(manager_version, null when it is not installed) and the number of active and other services; full
+whether each service runs, whether Docker is installed, how many of the site-to-site connections are established
+(site_to_site: connections and established, null when swanctl cannot be asked), and IKEv2, OpenVPN
+and WireGuard. No configuration data, key or connection name is shown, and no address but the client's.
+
+Modules, one per family of paths, with what they share in common:
+  common        the paths of the configuration and of setup's state, the body limit, the HTTP statuses of the
+                errors of the router's modules, reading the configuration and the state, changing a section, log
+  status        /, /status, /status/full, /config and /postgresql, with the cache of the status
+  auth          /auth, its rate limit, and the rules of who may call a protected path (refusal)
+  identities    /users, /service-accounts, /groups and /account
+  connectivity  /site-to-site and /remote-access
+  backup        /backup
+  pki           /ca, and the files /pki/ serves
+  logs          /logs
+  sites         /sites, with the files of each site
+  dns           /dns
+  metrics       /metrics/history and /metrics/settings
+  shell         /shell, its WebSocket, and the editor of the shell with its socket
+  handler       Handler, which reads a request, checks its token and passes it to the module of its path
+"""

debian-package/src/usr/lib/vpn-router/vpnrouter_web/auth.py

@@ -0,0 +1,130 @@
+"""/auth, the sign-in, refresh and sign-out of the web service, its rate limit per client address, and the rules of
+who may call a protected path (refusal)."""
+
+import collections
+import threading
+import time
+
+import ldap
+
+import vpnrouter
+import vpnrouter_auth
+import vpnrouter_passkeys
+import vpnrouter_sites
+import vpnrouter_users
+
+from .common import USER_STATUS
+from .sites import SITE_FILES
+
+#: The calls of /auth allowed per client address in AUTH_WINDOW seconds.
+AUTH_LIMIT = 10
+
+AUTH_WINDOW = 60
+
+#: The times of the recent /auth calls of each client address.
+_auth_calls = collections.defaultdict(collections.deque)
+
+_auth_lock = threading.Lock()
+
+
+def changes_admins(connection, method, parts, body):
+    """Whether a /users, /service-accounts or /groups request creates, renames to, changes or removes ADMIN_GROUP, or
+    removes a member of it."""
+    admins = vpnrouter_users.ADMIN_GROUP
+    if parts[0] == 'groups':
+        if method == 'POST' and len(parts) == 1:
+            return body.get('name') == admins
+        if method != 'GET' and len(parts) > 1 and parts[1] == admins:
+            return True
+        return method == 'PUT' and len(parts) == 2 and body.get('name') == admins
+    if parts[0] in ('users', 'service-accounts') and method == 'DELETE' and len(parts) == 2:
+        return admins in vpnrouter_users.groups_of(connection, parts[1])
+    return False
+
+
+def refusal(claims, method, path, body):
+    """Why the holder of the claims may not make the request to a protected path, or '' when it may.
+
+    The files of a site may also be read and changed by a member of the site's editors group.
+    """
+    name = claims.get('sub')
+    if path == '/account' or path.startswith('/account/'):
+        return '' if isinstance(name, str) else 'the token names no user'
+    if claims.get('admin') is True:
+        return ''
+    if not isinstance(name, str):
+        return 'the token names no user'
+    admins = vpnrouter_users.ADMIN_GROUP
+    with vpnrouter_users.session() as connection:
+        if not vpnrouter_users.is_admin(connection, name):
+            files = SITE_FILES.match(path)
+            if files and files.group(1) in vpnrouter_sites.editable(vpnrouter_users.groups_of(connection, name)):
+                return ''
+            return f'user {name} is not a member of {admins}'
+        parts = path.strip('/').split('/')
+        if changes_admins(connection, method, parts, body if isinstance(body, dict) else {}):
+            return f'only a token of vpn-router-token may change the group {admins} or remove its members'
+        if parts[0] == 'users' and len(parts) == 3 and parts[2] == 'console' and method != 'GET':
+            return 'only a token of vpn-router-token may change console login'
+    return ''
+
+
+def auth(path, body):
+    """Answer a POST to /auth with vpnrouter_users and vpnrouter_auth: the HTTP status and the JSON document.
+
+      POST /auth           sign in: {"name", "password", "code"?}; the tokens and the user's name
+      POST /auth/passkey   begin a sign-in with a passkey: {"id", "options"} for navigator.credentials.get
+      POST /auth/passkey/complete
+                           {"id", "credential"}, credential the browser's answer; the tokens and the user's name
+      POST /auth/refresh   {"refresh_token"}; new tokens, the refresh token used up
+      POST /auth/logout    {"refresh_token"}; the refresh token revoked
+    """
+    if not isinstance(body, dict):
+        return 400, {'error': 'the body must be a JSON object'}
+    try:
+        cfg = vpnrouter.load_config()
+        if path == '/auth':
+            vpnrouter_users.login(body.get('name'), body.get('password'), body.get('code'))
+            with vpnrouter_users.session() as connection:
+                if vpnrouter_users.service(vpnrouter_users.entry(connection, body['name'])):
+                    raise vpnrouter_users.Failure('the name, the password or the code is wrong', 5)
+            return 200, {**vpnrouter_auth.issue(cfg, body['name']), 'name': body['name']}
+        if path == '/auth/passkey':
+            return 200, vpnrouter_passkeys.login_begin()
+        if path == '/auth/passkey/complete':
+            with vpnrouter_users.session() as connection:
+                name = vpnrouter_passkeys.login_complete(connection, body.get('id'), body.get('credential'))
+            return 200, {**vpnrouter_auth.issue(cfg, name), 'name': name}
+        name = vpnrouter_auth.take(cfg, body.get('refresh_token'))
+        if path == '/auth/logout':
+            return 200, {'revoked': name is not None}
+        if name is None:
+            return 401, {'error': 'the refresh token is not valid'}
+        with vpnrouter_users.session() as connection:
+            user = vpnrouter_users.summary(vpnrouter_users.entry(connection, name))
+        if not user['enabled'] or user['locked']:
+            return 401, {'error': f'user {name} is disabled or locked'}
+        return 200, vpnrouter_auth.issue(cfg, name)
+    except vpnrouter_users.Failure as failure:
+        return (401 if failure.status == 3 else USER_STATUS.get(failure.status, 500)), {'error': str(failure)}
+    except (ldap.LDAPError, OSError) as exc:
+        return 500, {'error': f'the user directory failed: {exc}'}
+    except vpnrouter_auth.DatabaseError as exc:
+        return 500, {'error': str(exc)}
+    except SystemExit as exc:
+        return 500, {'error': str(exc.code)}
+
+
+def auth_wait(address):
+    """Seconds until the client address may call /auth again, 0 when it may now; a call that may is counted."""
+    now = time.monotonic()
+    with _auth_lock:
+        for idle in [key for key, times in _auth_calls.items() if times[-1] <= now - AUTH_WINDOW]:
+            del _auth_calls[idle]
+        calls = _auth_calls[address]
+        while calls and calls[0] <= now - AUTH_WINDOW:
+            calls.popleft()
+        if len(calls) >= AUTH_LIMIT:
+            return int(calls[0] + AUTH_WINDOW - now) + 1
+        calls.append(now)
+        return 0

debian-package/src/usr/lib/vpn-router/vpnrouter_web/backup.py

@@ -0,0 +1,84 @@
+"""/backup: the backup settings, the last run and the local archives, and a run now."""
+
+import configparser
+import shutil
+
+import vpnrouter
+import vpnrouter_backup
+from vpnrouter_status import run
+
+
+def backup_settings(settings):
+    """The backup section as /backup shows it: its settings but pbs_password, with pbs_password_set."""
+    return {**{option: value for option, value in settings.items() if option != 'pbs_password'},
+            'pbs_password_set': bool(settings['pbs_password'])}
+
+
+def rclone_remotes():
+    """The names of the remotes of vpnrouter_backup.RCLONE_CONFIG; [] when it cannot be read, as when it is encrypted."""
+    parser = configparser.ConfigParser(interpolation=None)
+    try:
+        parser.read(vpnrouter_backup.RCLONE_CONFIG, encoding='utf-8')
+    except (OSError, configparser.Error):
+        return []
+    return parser.sections()
+
+
+def backup(method, path, body):
+    """Answer a /backup request: the HTTP status and the JSON document.
+
+      GET  /backup      {"settings", "state", "archives", "next", "client", "rclone"}: the backup section without
+                        pbs_password, with pbs_password_set; the last run (vpnrouter_backup.state), null before the
+                        first; the local archives of this host, newest first, [{name, time, size}], [] with the pbs
+                        target; the next run of the timer as systemd shows it, null while backups are disabled;
+                        whether proxmox-backup-client is installed; and {"installed", "config", "remotes"} of rclone
+      PUT  /backup      change any of the settings of the backup section; an empty or absent pbs_password keeps the
+                        current secret
+      POST /backup/run  start a backup now, without waiting for it; 409 while one runs
+
+    A change is made as /site-to-site makes one, and applied by restarting vpn-router-setup without waiting for it.
+    """
+    if body == 'invalid' or (body is not None and not isinstance(body, dict)):
+        return 400, {'error': 'the body must be a JSON object'}
+    body = body or {}
+    if (method, path) == ('POST', '/backup/run'):
+        if vpnrouter_backup.running():
+            return 409, {'error': 'a backup is running'}
+        result = run('systemctl', 'start', '--no-block', vpnrouter_backup.UNIT)
+        if result is None or result.returncode != 0:
+            return 500, {'error': f'the backup cannot be started: {result.stderr.strip() if result else "no systemctl"}'}
+        return 202, {'started': True}
+    if (method, path) not in (('GET', '/backup'), ('PUT', '/backup')):
+        return 404, {'error': f'no route {method} {path}'}
+    try:
+        if method == 'GET':
+            settings = vpnrouter.load_config()['backup']
+            timer = run('systemctl', 'show', '-p', 'NextElapseUSecRealtime', '--value', vpnrouter_backup.TIMER)
+            next_run = timer.stdout.strip() if timer and timer.returncode == 0 else ''
+            return 200, {
+                'settings': backup_settings(settings),
+                'state': vpnrouter_backup.state() or None,
+                'archives': vpnrouter_backup.archives(settings['path']) if settings['target'] == 'local' else [],
+                'next': next_run if settings['enabled'] and next_run not in ('', 'n/a') else None,
+                'client': vpnrouter_backup.PBS_CLIENT.exists(),
+                'rclone': {'installed': shutil.which('rclone') is not None,
+                           'config': vpnrouter_backup.RCLONE_CONFIG.is_file(), 'remotes': rclone_remotes()},
+            }
+        settings = {option: body[option] for option in vpnrouter.SCHEMA['backup'] if option in body}
+        if not settings.get('pbs_password'):
+            settings.pop('pbs_password', None)
+        with vpnrouter.config_lock():
+            data = vpnrouter.read_settings()
+            current = data.get('backup')
+            data['backup'] = {**(current if isinstance(current, dict) else {}), **settings}
+            cfg = vpnrouter.with_defaults(data)
+            vpnrouter.validate(cfg)
+            vpnrouter.save_config(data)
+    except vpnrouter.ConfigError as exc:
+        return 400, {'error': str(exc)}
+    except OSError as exc:
+        return 500, {'error': f'the configuration cannot be written: {exc}'}
+    except SystemExit as exc:
+        return 500, {'error': str(exc.code)}
+    run('systemctl', 'restart', '--no-block', 'vpn-router-setup.service')
+    return 200, {'settings': backup_settings(cfg['backup'])}

debian-package/src/usr/lib/vpn-router/vpnrouter_web/common.py

@@ -0,0 +1,85 @@
+"""What the modules of the web service share: the paths of the configuration and of the state vpn-router-setup writes,
+the limit of request bodies, the HTTP statuses of the failures of the router's modules, reading the configuration and
+the state, changing a section of the configuration, the state of a unit, and the log."""
+
+import json
+import sys
+
+import vpnrouter
+import vpnrouter_auth
+from vpnrouter_status import run
+
+STATE_FILE = '/run/vpn-router/web.json'
+
+CONFIG_FILE = '/etc/vpn-router/vpn-router.json'
+
+#: The largest request body accepted, in bytes; a CSR or a certificate chain in PEM is a few kilobytes.
+BODY_LIMIT = 65536
+
+#: The HTTP status for each status of a vpnrouter_users.Failure; any other is 500.
+USER_STATUS = {2: 400, 3: 404, 4: 409, 5: 401}
+
+#: The HTTP status for each status of a vpnrouter_pki.Failure; any other is 500.
+PKI_STATUS = {2: 400, 3: 404, 4: 409}
+
+#: The HTTP status for each status of a vpnrouter_sites.Failure; any other is 500.
+SITE_STATUS = {2: 400, 3: 404, 4: 409}
+
+#: The bytes in a MiB, the unit of sites.upload_max_mb.
+MIB = 1024 * 1024
+
+
+def read_json(path):
+    """The object in a JSON file, or {} when the file is missing or holds no object."""
+    try:
+        with open(path, encoding='utf-8') as handle:
+            data = json.load(handle)
+    except (OSError, ValueError):
+        return {}
+    return data if isinstance(data, dict) else {}
+
+
+def section(configuration, name):
+    """A section of the configuration, or {} when it is missing or not an object."""
+    value = configuration.get(name)
+    return value if isinstance(value, dict) else {}
+
+
+def current():
+    """What a request needs, read now: the features and facts setup resolved, and the signing key.
+
+    Before setup has run the router has no features, and without a key the protected paths and
+    /auth are not served.
+    """
+    return dict(read_json(STATE_FILE), key=vpnrouter_auth.key())
+
+
+def unit_state(unit):
+    result = run('systemctl', 'is-active', unit)
+    return result.stdout.strip() if result and result.stdout.strip() else 'unknown'
+
+
+def section_change(name, body):
+    """Change any of the settings of the configuration's section as /backup changes its own; the section, or the HTTP
+    status and the error document as a tuple."""
+    settings = {option: body[option] for option in vpnrouter.SCHEMA[name] if option in body}
+    try:
+        with vpnrouter.config_lock():
+            data = vpnrouter.read_settings()
+            current = data.get(name)
+            data[name] = {**(current if isinstance(current, dict) else {}), **settings}
+            cfg = vpnrouter.with_defaults(data)
+            vpnrouter.validate(cfg)
+            vpnrouter.save_config(data)
+    except vpnrouter.ConfigError as exc:
+        return 400, {'error': str(exc)}
+    except OSError as exc:
+        return 500, {'error': f'the configuration cannot be written: {exc}'}
+    except SystemExit as exc:
+        return 500, {'error': str(exc.code)}
+    run('systemctl', 'restart', '--no-block', 'vpn-router-setup.service')
+    return cfg[name]
+
+
+def log(message):
+    print(f'vpn-router-web: {message}', file=sys.stderr, flush=True)

debian-package/src/usr/lib/vpn-router/vpnrouter_web/connectivity.py

@@ -0,0 +1,155 @@
+"""The connections of the router: /site-to-site and /remote-access, the IKEv2, OpenVPN and WireGuard access."""
+
+import ipaddress
+
+import vpnrouter
+from vpnrouter_status import established_each, run
+
+from .common import section
+
+#: The settings of a site_to_site connection that /site-to-site adds and changes.
+CONNECTION_SETTINGS = ('addrs', 'id', 'cidrs', 'local_cidrs', 'local_id_mode', 'auth', 'psk', 'remote_ca')
+
+#: The sections of the remote access systems /remote-access changes: IKEv2, OpenVPN and WireGuard.
+REMOTE_ACCESS = ('p2s', 'openvpn', 'wireguard')
+
+
+def connection_of(name, connection, count):
+    """A site_to_site connection as /site-to-site shows it: its settings but psk, psk_set and established.
+
+    count is the number of its established IKE SAs, None when it is not known.
+    """
+    return {'name': name, **{option: value for option, value in connection.items() if option != 'psk'},
+            'psk_set': bool(connection['psk']), 'established': None if count is None else count > 0}
+
+
+def site_to_site(method, path, body):
+    """Answer a /site-to-site request: the HTTP status and the JSON document.
+
+      GET    /site-to-site          the connections, {"connections": [...]}: each with its settings but psk, with
+                                    psk_set, whether psk holds a key, and established, whether its tunnel is up,
+                                    null when swanctl cannot be asked
+      POST   /site-to-site          add a connection: {"name", "addrs", "id", "cidrs", "local_cidrs", "local_id_mode",
+                                    "auth", "psk", "remote_ca"}; psk is required with auth psk, the default, and an
+                                    existing name is 409
+      PUT    /site-to-site/<name>   change any of the settings of POST but name; an empty or absent psk keeps the
+                                    current key, and a psk given replaces psk_file
+      DELETE /site-to-site/<name>   remove the connection
+
+    A change is made holding vpnrouter.config_lock, checked as vpn-router-setup checks the configuration (400 with
+    the reason), written with vpnrouter.save_config, and applied by restarting vpn-router-setup without waiting for it.
+    """
+    if body == 'invalid' or (body is not None and not isinstance(body, dict)):
+        return 400, {'error': 'the body must be a JSON object'}
+    body = body or {}
+    parts = path.strip('/').split('/')
+    name = parts[1] if len(parts) == 2 else None
+    if (method, len(parts)) not in (('GET', 1), ('POST', 1), ('PUT', 2), ('DELETE', 2)):
+        return 404, {'error': f'no route {method} {path}'}
+    try:
+        if method == 'GET':
+            connections = vpnrouter.load_config()['site_to_site']
+            counts = established_each(connections)
+            return 200, {'connections': [connection_of(key, value, counts[key]) for key, value in connections.items()]}
+        settings = {option: body[option] for option in CONNECTION_SETTINGS if option in body}
+        with vpnrouter.config_lock():
+            data = vpnrouter.read_settings()
+            connections = data.setdefault('site_to_site', {})
+            if method == 'POST':
+                name = body.get('name')
+                if not isinstance(name, str) or not name:
+                    return 400, {'error': 'name is required'}
+                if name in connections:
+                    return 409, {'error': f'connection {name} exists'}
+                if settings.get('auth', 'psk') == 'psk' and (not isinstance(settings.get('psk'), str) or not settings['psk']):
+                    return 400, {'error': 'psk is required with auth psk'}
+                connections[name] = settings
+            elif name not in connections:
+                return 404, {'error': f'no connection {name}'}
+            elif method == 'PUT':
+                connection = dict(connections[name]) if isinstance(connections[name], dict) else {}
+                if settings.get('psk'):
+                    connection.pop('psk_file', None)
+                else:
+                    settings.pop('psk', None)
+                connections[name] = {**connection, **settings}
+            else:
+                del connections[name]
+            cfg = vpnrouter.with_defaults(data)
+            vpnrouter.validate(cfg)
+            vpnrouter.save_config(data)
+    except vpnrouter.ConfigError as exc:
+        return 400, {'error': str(exc)}
+    except OSError as exc:
+        return 500, {'error': f'the configuration cannot be written: {exc}'}
+    except SystemExit as exc:
+        return 500, {'error': str(exc.code)}
+    run('systemctl', 'restart', '--no-block', 'vpn-router-setup.service')
+    if method == 'DELETE':
+        return 200, {'name': name, 'removed': True}
+    return (201 if method == 'POST' else 200), connection_of(name, cfg['site_to_site'][name], None)
+
+
+def wireguard_server(cfg, state):
+    """What a WireGuard peer's configuration needs of the router: {public_key, endpoint, allowed_ips, dns}; public_key is
+    null before setup made the key pair, endpoint, <wan.local_fqdn>:<wireguard.listen_port>, null without a name,
+    allowed_ips the networks reached through the tunnel, the router's local CIDRs and the WireGuard network, and dns the
+    addresses of the remote access clients' resolver, [] while it does not run."""
+    try:
+        public_key = vpnrouter.WG_PUBLIC_KEY.read_text(encoding='utf-8').strip() or None
+    except OSError:
+        public_key = None
+    fqdn = cfg['wan']['local_fqdn'].strip()
+    address = cfg['wireguard']['address'].strip()
+    networks = section(state, 'network').get('local_cidrs')
+    allowed = [cidr for cidr in networks if isinstance(cidr, str)] if isinstance(networks, list) else []
+    if address:
+        allowed.append(str(ipaddress.ip_interface(address).network))
+    dns = section(state, 'network').get('client_dns')
+    return {'public_key': public_key, 'endpoint': f'{fqdn}:{cfg["wireguard"]["listen_port"]}' if fqdn else None,
+            'allowed_ips': list(dict.fromkeys(allowed)),
+            'dns': [address for address in dns if isinstance(address, str)] if isinstance(dns, list) else []}
+
+
+def remote_access(state, method, path, body):
+    """Answer a /remote-access request: the HTTP status and the JSON document.
+
+      GET /remote-access            {"p2s", "openvpn", "wireguard", "running", "local_fqdn", "wireguard_server"}: the
+                                    settings of the three remote access systems (REMOTE_ACCESS), whether setup runs
+                                    each (running: {p2s, openvpn, wireguard}), wan.local_fqdn, which IKEv2 and OpenVPN
+                                    need with the router's VPN server certificate, and what a WireGuard peer's
+                                    configuration needs of the router (wireguard_server)
+      PUT /remote-access/<system>   change any of the settings of the system's section; answers the section
+
+    A change is made as /site-to-site makes one, and applied by restarting vpn-router-setup without waiting for it.
+    """
+    if body == 'invalid' or (body is not None and not isinstance(body, dict)):
+        return 400, {'error': 'the body must be a JSON object'}
+    body = body or {}
+    parts = path.strip('/').split('/')
+    try:
+        if (method, len(parts)) == ('GET', 1):
+            cfg = vpnrouter.load_config()
+            return 200, {**{system: cfg[system] for system in REMOTE_ACCESS},
+                         'running': {system: bool(state.get(system)) for system in REMOTE_ACCESS},
+                         'local_fqdn': cfg['wan']['local_fqdn'],
+                         'wireguard_server': wireguard_server(cfg, state)}
+        if method != 'PUT' or len(parts) != 2 or parts[1] not in REMOTE_ACCESS:
+            return 404, {'error': f'no route {method} {path}'}
+        system = parts[1]
+        settings = {option: body[option] for option in vpnrouter.SCHEMA[system] if option in body}
+        with vpnrouter.config_lock():
+            data = vpnrouter.read_settings()
+            current = data.get(system)
+            data[system] = {**(current if isinstance(current, dict) else {}), **settings}
+            cfg = vpnrouter.with_defaults(data)
+            vpnrouter.validate(cfg)
+            vpnrouter.save_config(data)
+    except vpnrouter.ConfigError as exc:
+        return 400, {'error': str(exc)}
+    except OSError as exc:
+        return 500, {'error': f'the configuration cannot be written: {exc}'}
+    except SystemExit as exc:
+        return 500, {'error': str(exc.code)}
+    run('systemctl', 'restart', '--no-block', 'vpn-router-setup.service')
+    return 200, cfg[system]

debian-package/src/usr/lib/vpn-router/vpnrouter_web/dns.py

@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+"""/dns: the primary name server of the router's domains."""
+
+import vpnrouter
+import vpnrouter_dns
+from vpnrouter_status import run
+
+from .common import section_change, unit_state
+
+
+def dns(method, path, query, body):
+    """Answer a /dns request with vpnrouter_dns: the HTTP status and the JSON document.
+
+      GET    /dns           {"settings", "installed", "running", "domains", "problem"}: the dns section of the
+                            configuration, whether PowerDNS is installed and runs, the domains, each {"name", "sites",
+                            "ttl", "secondaries", "manual", "records"} with its secondaries {"nameserver", "address"},
+                            its manual records and the records the name server serves, and why the domains cannot be
+                            read, null when they can
+      PUT    /dns           change any of the settings of the dns section
+      POST   /dns/domains   add a domain: {"name", "sites"?, "ttl"?}; sites gives the host names of the enabled sites
+                            in it records; ttl is dns.ttl when null or absent; an existing name is 409
+      PUT    /dns/domains/<domain>
+                            change "sites" or "ttl" of the domain
+      DELETE /dns/domains/<domain>
+                            remove the domain with its secondaries and manual records
+      POST   /dns/domains/<domain>/secondaries
+                            add a secondary name server of the domain, or change its address: {"nameserver", "address"}
+      DELETE /dns/domains/<domain>/secondaries/<nameserver>
+                            remove the secondary name server
+      POST   /dns/domains/<domain>/records
+                            add a manual record: {"name", "type", "content", "ttl"?}; name is relative to the domain,
+                            @ for the domain itself, or absolute with a final dot; ttl is the domain's without it
+      DELETE /dns/domains/<domain>/records
+                            remove the manual records of name= and type=, with content= only that one
+
+    A change is applied by restarting vpn-router-setup without waiting for it.
+    """
+    if body == 'invalid' or (body is not None and not isinstance(body, dict)):
+        return 400, {'error': 'the body must be a JSON object'}
+    body = body or {}
+    parts = path.strip('/').split('/')
+    route = (method, *parts[:2], *parts[3:4])
+    try:
+        cfg = vpnrouter.load_config()
+        if route == ('GET', 'dns'):
+            domains, problem = [], None
+            try:
+                domains = vpnrouter_dns.listing()
+            except vpnrouter_dns.DatabaseError as exc:
+                problem = str(exc)
+            return 200, {'settings': cfg['dns'], 'installed': vpnrouter_dns.PDNS_SERVER.exists(),
+                         'running': unit_state(vpnrouter_dns.UNIT) == 'active', 'domains': domains,
+                         'problem': problem}
+        if route == ('PUT', 'dns'):
+            changed = section_change('dns', body)
+            return changed if isinstance(changed, tuple) else (200, {'settings': changed})
+        if route == ('POST', 'dns', 'domains') and len(parts) == 2:
+            document, code = vpnrouter_dns.domain_add(body), 201
+        elif route == ('PUT', 'dns', 'domains') and len(parts) == 3:
+            document, code = vpnrouter_dns.domain_change(parts[2], body), 200
+        elif route == ('DELETE', 'dns', 'domains') and len(parts) == 3:
+            document, code = vpnrouter_dns.domain_remove(parts[2]), 200
+        elif route == ('POST', 'dns', 'domains', 'secondaries') and len(parts) == 4:
+            document, code = vpnrouter_dns.secondary_add(parts[2], body), 201
+        elif route == ('DELETE', 'dns', 'domains', 'secondaries') and len(parts) == 5:
+            document, code = vpnrouter_dns.secondary_remove(parts[2], parts[4]), 200
+        elif route == ('POST', 'dns', 'domains', 'records') and len(parts) == 4:
+            document, code = vpnrouter_dns.add(cfg, parts[2], body), 201
+        elif route == ('DELETE', 'dns', 'domains', 'records') and len(parts) == 4:
+            content = query.get('content', [None])[0]
+            document = vpnrouter_dns.remove(parts[2], query.get('name', [''])[0], query.get('type', [''])[0], content)
+            code = 200
+        else:
+            return 404, {'error': f'no route {method} {path}'}
+    except vpnrouter_dns.Failure as failure:
+        return {3: 404, 4: 409}.get(failure.status, 400), {'error': str(failure)}
+    except vpnrouter_dns.DatabaseError as exc:
+        return 500, {'error': str(exc)}
+    except SystemExit as exc:
+        return 500, {'error': str(exc.code)}
+    run('systemctl', 'restart', '--no-block', 'vpn-router-setup.service')
+    return code, document

debian-package/src/usr/lib/vpn-router/vpnrouter_web/handler.py

@@ -0,0 +1,244 @@
+"""The request handler of the web service: it reads a request, checks its token and passes it to the module of its
+path (answer)."""
+
+import json
+import sys
+import urllib.parse
+from http.server import BaseHTTPRequestHandler
+
+import ldap
+
+import vpnrouter
+import vpnrouter_auth
+import vpnrouter_net
+import vpnrouter_oidc
+import vpnrouter_pki
+import vpnrouter_sites
+
+from .auth import auth, auth_wait, refusal
+from .backup import backup
+from .common import BODY_LIMIT, CONFIG_FILE, current, log, read_json, section
+from .connectivity import remote_access, site_to_site
+from .dns import dns
+from .identities import account, groups, service_accounts, users
+from .logs import logs
+from .metrics import metrics_history, metrics_settings
+from .pki import PUBLISHED, ca
+from .shell import EDITOR_BODY_LIMIT, shell, shell_editor, shell_passkey, shell_ticket
+from .sites import SITE_FILES, site_files, sites
+from .status import cached, details, html_of, postgresql_databases, shown, text_of
+
+
+class Handler(BaseHTTPRequestHandler):
+    protocol_version = 'HTTP/1.1'
+
+    def claims(self, secret):
+        """The claims of the request's token signed with the secret, or None without an acceptable one."""
+        header = self.headers.get('Authorization', '')
+        return vpnrouter_auth.verify(header[7:].strip(), secret) if header.startswith('Bearer ') else None
+
+    def client(self):
+        """The client address: the last X-Forwarded-For entry when the peer is a trusted proxy, else the peer."""
+        peer = self.client_address[0]
+        trusted = section(read_json(CONFIG_FILE), 'web').get('trusted_proxies') or [self.server.server_address[0]]
+        forwarded = self.headers.get('X-Forwarded-For', '')
+        if isinstance(trusted, list) and peer in trusted and forwarded.strip():
+            return forwarded.split(',')[-1].strip()
+        return peer
+
+    def refusal(self, claims, path, payload):
+        """The HTTP status and the message that refuse a request to a protected path, or None when it may be made."""
+        try:
+            reason = refusal(claims, self.command, path, payload)
+        except (ldap.LDAPError, OSError) as exc:
+            return 500, f'the user directory failed: {exc}'
+        except vpnrouter_sites.DatabaseError as exc:
+            return 500, str(exc)
+        return (403, reason) if reason else None
+
+    def answer(self, send_body):
+        path = self.path.split('?', 1)[0]
+        extra = []
+        self.principal = None
+        # A body that is not read must not be taken for the next request.
+        if self.command not in ('GET', 'HEAD'):
+            self.close_connection = True
+        directory = next((name for name in ('users', 'service-accounts', 'groups', 'account', 'site-to-site', 'backup',
+                                            'ca', 'shell', 'remote-access', 'logs', 'sites', 'dns')
+                          if path == f'/{name}' or path.startswith(f'/{name}/')), None)
+        protected = path in ('/status/full', '/config', '/metrics/history', '/metrics/settings', '/postgresql') or \
+            directory is not None
+        signing = path in ('/auth', '/auth/passkey', '/auth/passkey/complete', '/auth/refresh', '/auth/logout')
+        oidc = (path == '/.well-known/openid-configuration' or path.startswith('/oidc/')) and \
+            self.server.server_address[0] == vpnrouter_net.LOOPBACK
+        files = SITE_FILES.match(path) if directory == 'sites' else None
+        query = urllib.parse.parse_qs(urllib.parse.urlsplit(self.path).query)
+        state = current() if protected or signing else {}
+        claims = self.claims(state['key']) if protected and state['key'] else None
+        # The body of a file upload is read as a stream, after the request is allowed.
+        payload = self.request_body(EDITOR_BODY_LIMIT if path.startswith('/shell/editor/') else BODY_LIMIT) \
+            if (protected or signing) and self.command not in ('GET', 'HEAD') and not (files and self.command == 'PUT') \
+            else None
+        if claims is not None:
+            self.principal = 'admin' if claims.get('admin') is True else claims.get('sub')
+        if (protected or signing) and not state['key']:
+            body, kind, code = b'Not found\n', 'text/plain; charset=utf-8', 404
+        elif signing and self.command != 'POST':
+            body, kind, code = b'Method not allowed\n', 'text/plain; charset=utf-8', 405
+        elif signing:
+            wait = auth_wait(self.client()) if path not in ('/auth/logout', '/auth/passkey') else 0
+            if wait:
+                code, document = 429, {'error': f'too many sign-in calls; retry in {wait} seconds'}
+                extra.append(('Retry-After', str(wait)))
+            else:
+                code, document = auth(path, payload)
+            body, kind = json.dumps(document, indent=2).encode() + b'\n', 'application/json'
+        elif protected and claims is None:
+            body, kind, code = b'Unauthorized\n', 'text/plain; charset=utf-8', 401
+            extra.append(('WWW-Authenticate', 'Bearer'))
+        elif protected and (refused := self.refusal(claims, path, payload)):
+            code, kind = refused[0], 'application/json'
+            body = json.dumps({'error': refused[1]}, indent=2).encode() + b'\n'
+        elif path == '/status/full' and self.command in ('GET', 'HEAD'):
+            document = shown(cached(), 'full', self.client())
+            body, kind, code = json.dumps(document, indent=2).encode() + b'\n', 'application/json', 200
+        elif path == '/config' and self.command in ('GET', 'HEAD'):
+            body, kind, code = json.dumps(details(state), indent=2).encode() + b'\n', 'application/json', 200
+        elif path == '/postgresql' and self.command in ('GET', 'HEAD'):
+            body, kind, code = json.dumps(postgresql_databases(), indent=2).encode() + b'\n', 'application/json', 200
+        elif path == '/metrics/history' and self.command in ('GET', 'HEAD'):
+            query = urllib.parse.parse_qs(urllib.parse.urlsplit(self.path).query)
+            code, document = metrics_history(query.get('range', ['hour'])[0])
+            body, kind = json.dumps(document).encode() + b'\n', 'application/json'
+        elif path == '/metrics/settings':
+            code, document = metrics_settings(self.command, payload)
+            body, kind = json.dumps(document, indent=2).encode() + b'\n', 'application/json'
+        elif directory == 'shell' and (path, self.command) == ('/shell', 'GET'):
+            return shell(self, claims.get('sub'))
+        elif directory == 'shell' and path.startswith('/shell/editor/'):
+            code, document = shell_editor(claims.get('sub'), self.command, path.strip('/').split('/'), payload)
+            body, kind = json.dumps(document).encode() + b'\n', 'application/json'
+        elif directory == 'shell':
+            code, document = shell_ticket(claims.get('sub'), payload) if (path, self.command) == ('/shell', 'POST') \
+                else shell_passkey(claims.get('sub')) if (path, self.command) == ('/shell/passkey', 'POST') \
+                else (404, {'error': f'no route {self.command} {path}'})
+            if code != 200:
+                log(f'shell ticket of {claims.get("sub")} from {self.client()} refused: {document["error"]}')
+            body, kind = json.dumps(document, indent=2).encode() + b'\n', 'application/json'
+        elif directory == 'account':
+            code, document = account(claims['sub'], self.command, path, payload)
+            body, kind = json.dumps(document, indent=2).encode() + b'\n', 'application/json'
+        elif directory == 'site-to-site':
+            code, document = site_to_site(self.command, path, payload)
+            body, kind = json.dumps(document, indent=2).encode() + b'\n', 'application/json'
+        elif directory == 'remote-access':
+            code, document = remote_access(state, self.command, path, payload)
+            body, kind = json.dumps(document, indent=2).encode() + b'\n', 'application/json'
+        elif directory == 'backup':
+            code, document = backup(self.command, path, payload)
+            body, kind = json.dumps(document, indent=2).encode() + b'\n', 'application/json'
+        elif directory == 'ca':
+            code, document = ca(self.command, path, payload)
+            body, kind = json.dumps(document, indent=2).encode() + b'\n', 'application/json'
+        elif directory == 'logs':
+            code, document = logs(self.command, path, query)
+            body, kind = json.dumps(document).encode() + b'\n', 'application/json'
+        elif files:
+            answered = site_files(self, files.group(1), files.group(2) or '', query, payload, send_body)
+            if answered is None:
+                return
+            code, document = answered
+            body, kind = json.dumps(document, indent=2).encode() + b'\n', 'application/json'
+        elif directory == 'sites':
+            code, document = sites(self.command, path, query, payload)
+            body, kind = json.dumps(document, indent=2).encode() + b'\n', 'application/json'
+        elif directory == 'dns':
+            code, document = dns(self.command, path, query, payload)
+            body, kind = json.dumps(document, indent=2).encode() + b'\n', 'application/json'
+        elif directory == 'service-accounts':
+            code, document = service_accounts(self.command, path, payload)
+            body, kind = json.dumps(document, indent=2).encode() + b'\n', 'application/json'
+        elif directory is not None:
+            code, document = (users if directory == 'users' else groups)(state, self.command, path, payload)
+            body, kind = json.dumps(document, indent=2).encode() + b'\n', 'application/json'
+        elif oidc:
+            wait = auth_wait(self.client()) if self.command == 'POST' and path in (
+                '/oidc/login', '/oidc/device', '/oidc/device_authorization') else 0
+            if wait:
+                code, kind = 429, 'application/json'
+                body = json.dumps({'error': f'too many sign-in calls; retry in {wait} seconds'}).encode() + b'\n'
+                extra.append(('Retry-After', str(wait)))
+            else:
+                code, kind, body, headers = vpnrouter_oidc.answer(self.command, self.path, self.headers, self.raw_body())
+                extra += headers
+        elif self.command not in ('GET', 'HEAD'):
+            body, kind, code = b'Method not allowed\n', 'text/plain; charset=utf-8', 405
+        elif path.startswith('/pki/') and vpnrouter.PKI_NAME.match(path[5:-4]) and path[-4:] in PUBLISHED and \
+                (vpnrouter_pki.PUBLISH_DIR / path[5:]).is_file():
+            body, kind, code = (vpnrouter_pki.PUBLISH_DIR / path[5:]).read_bytes(), PUBLISHED[path[-4:]], 200
+        elif path in ('/status', '/'):
+            document = shown(cached(), section(read_json(CONFIG_FILE), 'web').get('status_content'), self.client())
+            agent = self.headers.get('User-Agent', '').lower()
+            if path == '/status':
+                body, kind = json.dumps(document, indent=2).encode() + b'\n', 'application/json'
+            elif 'curl' in agent or 'wget' in agent:
+                body, kind = text_of(document).encode(), 'text/plain; charset=utf-8'
+            else:
+                body, kind = html_of(document).encode(), 'text/html; charset=utf-8'
+            code = 200
+        else:
+            body, kind, code = b'Not found\n', 'text/plain; charset=utf-8', 404
+        try:
+            self.send_response(code)
+            self.send_header('Content-Type', kind)
+            self.send_header('Content-Length', str(len(body)))
+            self.send_header('Cache-Control', 'no-store')
+            for name, value in extra:
+                self.send_header(name, value)
+            self.end_headers()
+            if send_body:
+                self.wfile.write(body)
+        except ConnectionError:
+            # The client went away before the answer was written.
+            self.close_connection = True
+
+    def raw_body(self):
+        """The request body's bytes, b'' without one or over BODY_LIMIT."""
+        try:
+            size = int(self.headers.get('Content-Length') or 0)
+        except ValueError:
+            return b''
+        return self.rfile.read(size) if 0 < size <= BODY_LIMIT else b''
+
+    def request_body(self, limit=BODY_LIMIT):
+        """The request body as JSON, None when there is none, or the string 'invalid', also when it is larger than
+        limit bytes."""
+        length = self.headers.get('Content-Length')
+        if not length:
+            return None
+        try:
+            size = int(length)
+            if not 0 <= size <= limit:
+                return 'invalid'
+            return json.loads(self.rfile.read(size) or b'null')
+        except ValueError:
+            return 'invalid'
+
+    def do_GET(self):
+        self.answer(True)
+
+    def do_HEAD(self):
+        self.answer(False)
+
+    def do_POST(self):
+        self.answer(True)
+
+    def do_PUT(self):
+        self.answer(True)
+
+    def do_DELETE(self):
+        self.answer(True)
+
+    def log_message(self, format, *args):
+        principal = getattr(self, 'principal', None) or '-'
+        sys.stderr.write('%s - %s [%s] %s\n' % (self.client_address[0], principal, self.log_date_time_string(), format % args))

debian-package/src/usr/lib/vpn-router/vpnrouter_web/identities.py

@@ -0,0 +1,299 @@
+"""The identities of the router's directory: /users, /service-accounts, /groups and the signed-in user's /account."""
+
+import urllib.parse
+
+import ldap
+
+import vpnrouter
+import vpnrouter_auth
+import vpnrouter_passkeys
+import vpnrouter_users
+
+from .common import USER_STATUS
+
+
+def users(state, method, path, body):
+    """Answer a /users request with vpnrouter_users: the HTTP status and the JSON document.
+
+      GET    /users                   the users, and {"enabled", "address"} of wireguard, whose network their
+                                      WireGuard peers take their addresses from
+      POST   /users                   add a user: {"name", "password", "first_name", "last_name", "email"};
+                                      without the names a Manager-only account
+      PUT    /users/<name>            change any of {"first_name", "last_name", "email", "wireguard_peers"};
+                                      wireguard_peers, [{"public_key", "ips"}], replaces the user's peers
+      PUT    /users/<name>/password   set the password: {"password": ...}
+      POST   /users/<name>/disable    lock the user out of OpenVPN
+      POST   /users/<name>/enable     let the user in again
+      POST   /users/<name>/unlock     end a lockout after failed logins
+      DELETE /users/<name>            remove the user and revoke the certificate
+      GET    /users/<name>/profile    the OpenVPN client profile
+      POST   /users/<name>/apple-profile
+                                      the Apple configuration profile of IKEv2 access: {"password"}, which
+                                      encrypts the user's key in it; {"name", "profile"}
+      POST   /users/<name>/otp       a new TOTP secret and its otpauth URI; nothing is stored
+      PUT    /users/<name>/otp        store a TOTP secret: {"secret", "code"}, code a code of the secret
+      DELETE /users/<name>/otp        remove the TOTP token
+      DELETE /users/<name>/passkeys   remove all the user's passkeys
+      PUT    /users/<name>/console    switch console login on or off: {"enabled", "account"?}, account a local account,
+                                      without which the user's own posixAccount; only a token of vpn-router-token
+
+    Service accounts are served by /service-accounts: they are not listed, and a request naming one is 404.
+    """
+    if body == 'invalid' or (body is not None and not isinstance(body, dict)):
+        return 400, {'error': 'the body must be a JSON object'}
+    body = body or {}
+    parts = path.strip('/').split('/')
+    route = (method, len(parts), parts[2] if len(parts) == 3 else None)
+    name = parts[1] if len(parts) > 1 else None
+    actions = {
+        ('GET', 1, None): lambda connection: {
+            'users': [user for user in vpnrouter_users.list_users(connection)['users'] if not user['service']],
+            'wireguard': {option: vpnrouter.load_config()['wireguard'][option] for option in ('enabled', 'address')}},
+        ('POST', 1, None): lambda connection: vpnrouter_users.add(connection, body.get('name'), body.get('password'), body),
+        ('PUT', 2, None): lambda connection: vpnrouter_users.update(connection, name, body),
+        ('PUT', 3, 'password'): lambda connection: vpnrouter_users.passwd(connection, name, body.get('password')),
+        ('POST', 3, 'disable'): lambda connection: vpnrouter_users.disable(connection, name),
+        ('POST', 3, 'enable'): lambda connection: vpnrouter_users.enable(connection, name),
+        ('POST', 3, 'unlock'): lambda connection: vpnrouter_users.unlock(connection, name),
+        ('DELETE', 2, None): lambda connection: vpnrouter_users.remove(connection, name),
+        ('GET', 3, 'profile'): lambda connection: vpnrouter_users.profile(connection, name),
+        ('POST', 3, 'apple-profile'): lambda connection: vpnrouter_users.apple_profile(connection, name,
+                                                                                       body.get('password')),
+        ('POST', 3, 'otp'): lambda connection: vpnrouter_users.otp_new(connection, name),
+        ('PUT', 3, 'otp'): lambda connection: vpnrouter_users.otp_enrol(connection, name, body.get('secret'), body.get('code')),
+        ('DELETE', 3, 'otp'): lambda connection: vpnrouter_users.otp_remove(connection, name),
+        ('DELETE', 3, 'passkeys'): lambda connection: vpnrouter_passkeys.remove(connection, name),
+        ('PUT', 3, 'console'): lambda connection: vpnrouter_users.console(connection, name, body.get('enabled'), body.get('account')),
+    }
+    # The vpnrouter_users operation of each route that may revoke refresh tokens.
+    operations = {('PUT', 3, 'password'): 'passwd', ('POST', 3, 'disable'): 'disable', ('POST', 3, 'unlock'): 'unlock',
+                  ('DELETE', 2, None): 'remove'}
+    if route not in actions:
+        return 404, {'error': f'no route {method} {path}'}
+    try:
+        with vpnrouter_users.session() as connection:
+            if name is not None and vpnrouter_users.service(vpnrouter_users.entry(connection, name)):
+                raise vpnrouter_users.Failure(f'{name} is a service account; see /service-accounts', 3)
+            document = actions[route](connection)
+        if operations.get(route) in vpnrouter_auth.REVOKING:
+            vpnrouter_auth.revoke(vpnrouter.load_config(), name)
+    except vpnrouter_users.Failure as failure:
+        return USER_STATUS.get(failure.status, 500), {'error': str(failure)}
+    except (ldap.LDAPError, OSError) as exc:
+        return 500, {'error': f'the user directory failed: {exc}'}
+    except vpnrouter_auth.DatabaseError as exc:
+        return 500, {'error': str(exc)}
+    except SystemExit as exc:
+        # vpnrouter ends with SystemExit, carrying the reason, on a configuration it cannot read.
+        return 500, {'error': str(exc.code)}
+    return (201 if route == ('POST', 1, None) else 200), document
+
+
+def oidc_settings():
+    """{"enabled", "issuer"} of the OpenID Provider, issuer null while it is disabled."""
+    cfg = vpnrouter.load_config()
+    enabled = cfg['oidc']['enabled']
+    return {'enabled': enabled, 'issuer': vpnrouter.oidc_issuer(cfg) if enabled else None}
+
+
+def service_accounts(method, path, body):
+    """Answer a /service-accounts request with vpnrouter_users: the HTTP status and the JSON document.
+
+      GET    /service-accounts                   the service accounts, each with its roles: {"service_accounts": [...],
+                                                 "oidc": {"enabled", "issuer"}}, issuer that of the OpenID Provider, null
+                                                 while it is disabled
+      POST   /service-accounts                   add one: {"name", "password", "display_name"?, "description"?, "email"?,
+                                                 "redirect_uris"?, "post_logout_redirect_uris"?, "allowed_groups"?,
+                                                 "grants"?, "public_client"?, "client_scopes"?, "resource_scopes"?,
+                                                 "roles"?}
+      PUT    /service-accounts/<name>            change any of {"display_name", "description", "email", "redirect_uris",
+                                                 "post_logout_redirect_uris", "allowed_groups", "grants",
+                                                 "public_client", "client_scopes", "resource_scopes", "roles"}; ""
+                                                 removes one of the first three, [] the values of the lists
+      PUT    /service-accounts/<name>/password   set the password: {"password": ...}
+      POST   /service-accounts/<name>/disable    lock it out
+      POST   /service-accounts/<name>/enable     let it in again
+      POST   /service-accounts/<name>/unlock     end a lockout after failed logins
+      DELETE /service-accounts/<name>            remove it
+
+    A service account with redirect URIs or grants is a client of the OpenID Provider, and every service account a
+    resource (vpnrouter_users.client_settings); roles, [{"name", "description", "groups", "accounts"}], replaces its
+    roles (vpnrouter_users.set_roles). A name that is not a service account is 404. The internal service accounts
+    (vpnrouter_users.internal_accounts), which the router manages, are only listed: every other request on one, and a
+    role assigned to one, is refused with 403. A password change, disabling, unlocking and removing revoke the tokens
+    the account was issued.
+    """
+    if body == 'invalid' or (body is not None and not isinstance(body, dict)):
+        return 400, {'error': 'the body must be a JSON object'}
+    body = body or {}
+    parts = path.strip('/').split('/')
+    route = (method, len(parts), parts[2] if len(parts) == 3 else None)
+    name = parts[1] if len(parts) > 1 else None
+    settings = {key: body.get(key) for key in ('email', 'display_name', 'description', *vpnrouter_users.CLIENT_KEYS)}
+    actions = {
+        ('GET', 1, None): lambda connection: {
+            'service_accounts': [vpnrouter_users.with_roles(connection, user)
+                                 for user in vpnrouter_users.list_users(connection)['users'] if user['service']],
+            'oidc': oidc_settings()},
+        ('POST', 1, None): lambda connection: vpnrouter_users.add(connection, body.get('name'), body.get('password'), settings,
+                                                                  service=True),
+        ('PUT', 2, None): lambda connection: vpnrouter_users.update_service(connection, name, settings),
+        ('PUT', 3, 'password'): lambda connection: vpnrouter_users.passwd(connection, name, body.get('password')),
+        ('POST', 3, 'disable'): lambda connection: vpnrouter_users.disable(connection, name),
+        ('POST', 3, 'enable'): lambda connection: vpnrouter_users.enable(connection, name),
+        ('POST', 3, 'unlock'): lambda connection: vpnrouter_users.unlock(connection, name),
+        ('DELETE', 2, None): lambda connection: vpnrouter_users.remove(connection, name),
+    }
+    # The vpnrouter_users operation of each route that may revoke tokens.
+    operations = {('PUT', 3, 'password'): 'passwd', ('POST', 3, 'disable'): 'disable', ('POST', 3, 'unlock'): 'unlock',
+                  ('DELETE', 2, None): 'remove'}
+    if route not in actions:
+        return 404, {'error': f'no route {method} {path}'}
+    internal = vpnrouter_users.internal_accounts()
+    if name is not None and name in internal:
+        return 403, {'error': f'{name} is an internal service account, which the router manages'}
+    roles = settings['roles'] if isinstance(settings['roles'], list) else []
+    assigned = sorted(set(internal).intersection(account for role in roles if isinstance(role, dict)
+                                                 for account in (role.get('accounts') or [])
+                                                 if isinstance(account, str)))
+    if assigned:
+        return 403, {'error': f'{", ".join(assigned)}: internal service accounts, which the router manages, are not '
+                              'assigned roles'}
+    try:
+        with vpnrouter_users.session() as connection:
+            if name is not None and not vpnrouter_users.service(vpnrouter_users.entry(connection, name)):
+                raise vpnrouter_users.Failure(f'{name} is not a service account', 3)
+            document = actions[route](connection)
+        if operations.get(route) in vpnrouter_auth.REVOKING:
+            vpnrouter_auth.revoke(vpnrouter.load_config(), name)
+    except vpnrouter_users.Failure as failure:
+        return USER_STATUS.get(failure.status, 500), {'error': str(failure)}
+    except (ldap.LDAPError, OSError) as exc:
+        return 500, {'error': f'the user directory failed: {exc}'}
+    except vpnrouter_auth.DatabaseError as exc:
+        return 500, {'error': str(exc)}
+    except SystemExit as exc:
+        return 500, {'error': str(exc.code)}
+    return (201 if route == ('POST', 1, None) else 200), document
+
+
+def groups(state, method, path, body):
+    """Answer a /groups request with vpnrouter_users: the HTTP status and the JSON document.
+
+      GET    /groups                          the groups with their members
+      POST   /groups                          add a group: {"name", "members": [...], "description"?}
+      PUT    /groups/<name>                   rename it or change the description: {"name"?, "description"?}
+      DELETE /groups/<name>                   remove the group; its members are kept
+      POST   /groups/<name>/members           add a member: {"user": ...}
+      DELETE /groups/<name>/members/<user>    take a member out; the last member cannot leave
+
+    An internal service account (vpnrouter_users.internal_accounts) is not put in or taken out of a group: such a
+    request is refused with 403.
+    """
+    if body == 'invalid' or (body is not None and not isinstance(body, dict)):
+        return 400, {'error': 'the body must be a JSON object'}
+    body = body or {}
+    parts = path.strip('/').split('/')
+    name = parts[1] if len(parts) > 1 else None
+    route = (method, len(parts), parts[2] if len(parts) > 2 else None)
+    members = body.get('members') if route == ('POST', 1, None) else [body.get('user')] if route == ('POST', 3, 'members') \
+        else [parts[3]] if route == ('DELETE', 4, 'members') else []
+    internal = sorted(set(vpnrouter_users.internal_accounts()).intersection(
+        member for member in (members if isinstance(members, list) else []) if isinstance(member, str)))
+    if internal:
+        return 403, {'error': f'{", ".join(internal)}: internal service accounts, which the router manages, are not group members'}
+    actions = {
+        ('GET', 1, None): lambda connection: vpnrouter_users.list_groups(connection),
+        ('POST', 1, None): lambda connection: vpnrouter_users.group_add(
+            connection, body.get('name'), body.get('description'), body.get('members')),
+        ('PUT', 2, None): lambda connection: vpnrouter_users.group_update(
+            connection, name, body.get('name'), body.get('description')),
+        ('DELETE', 2, None): lambda connection: vpnrouter_users.group_remove(connection, name),
+        ('POST', 3, 'members'): lambda connection: vpnrouter_users.group_member_add(connection, name, body.get('user')),
+        ('DELETE', 4, 'members'): lambda connection: vpnrouter_users.group_member_remove(connection, name, parts[3]),
+    }
+    if route not in actions:
+        return 404, {'error': f'no route {method} {path}'}
+    try:
+        with vpnrouter_users.session() as connection:
+            document = actions[route](connection)
+    except vpnrouter_users.Failure as failure:
+        return USER_STATUS.get(failure.status, 500), {'error': str(failure)}
+    except (ldap.LDAPError, OSError) as exc:
+        return 500, {'error': f'the user directory failed: {exc}'}
+    return (201 if route == ('POST', 1, None) else 200), document
+
+
+def account(name, method, path, body):
+    """Answer an /account request of the user named by the token with vpnrouter_users: the HTTP status and the JSON document.
+
+      GET  /account            the user, with admin, whether the user is a member of ADMIN_GROUP
+      PUT  /account/password   set the password: {"current_password", "current_code"?, "password"}
+      POST /account/otp        a new TOTP secret and its otpauth URI; nothing is stored
+      PUT  /account/otp        store a TOTP secret: {"current_password", "current_code"?, "secret", "code"},
+                               code a code of the secret
+      POST /account/passkeys   begin the registration of a passkey: {"current_password", "current_code"?};
+                               {"id", "options"} for navigator.credentials.create
+      PUT  /account/passkeys   store the passkey: {"id", "credential", "label"?}, credential the browser's answer
+      DELETE /account/passkeys/<id>
+                               remove a passkey
+      POST   /account/profile  the user's OpenVPN client profile: {"current_password", "current_code"?}; {"name",
+                               "profile"}
+      POST   /account/apple-profile
+                               the user's Apple configuration profile of IKEv2 access:
+                               {"current_password", "current_code"?, "password"}, password encrypting the user's key in
+                               it; {"name", "profile"}
+
+    A change but the removal of a passkey, and the profiles, need the current password and, for an enrolled user, a
+    current code; a wrong
+    one is 403 and counts as a failed login. A password change revokes the user's refresh tokens.
+    """
+    if body == 'invalid' or (body is not None and not isinstance(body, dict)):
+        return 400, {'error': 'the body must be a JSON object'}
+    body = body or {}
+    route = (method, path.rstrip('/'))
+    removing = method == 'DELETE' and path.startswith('/account/passkeys/') and len(path.strip('/').split('/')) == 3
+    if not removing and route not in (('GET', '/account'), ('PUT', '/account/password'), ('POST', '/account/otp'),
+                                      ('PUT', '/account/otp'), ('POST', '/account/passkeys'), ('PUT', '/account/passkeys'),
+                                      ('POST', '/account/profile'), ('POST', '/account/apple-profile')):
+        return 404, {'error': f'no route {method} {path}'}
+    try:
+        if route == ('PUT', '/account/password'):
+            vpnrouter_users.check_password(body.get('password'))
+        if route in (('PUT', '/account/password'), ('PUT', '/account/otp'), ('POST', '/account/passkeys'),
+                     ('POST', '/account/profile'), ('POST', '/account/apple-profile')):
+            vpnrouter_users.login(name, body.get('current_password'), body.get('current_code'))
+        with vpnrouter_users.session() as connection:
+            if route == ('GET', '/account'):
+                document = {**vpnrouter_users.summary(vpnrouter_users.entry(connection, name)),
+                            'admin': vpnrouter_users.is_admin(connection, name)}
+            elif route == ('PUT', '/account/password'):
+                document = vpnrouter_users.passwd(connection, name, body['password'])
+            elif route == ('POST', '/account/otp'):
+                document = vpnrouter_users.otp_new(connection, name)
+            elif route == ('POST', '/account/profile'):
+                document = vpnrouter_users.profile(connection, name)
+            elif route == ('POST', '/account/apple-profile'):
+                document = vpnrouter_users.apple_profile(connection, name, body.get('password'))
+            elif route == ('POST', '/account/passkeys'):
+                document = vpnrouter_passkeys.register_begin(connection, name)
+            elif route == ('PUT', '/account/passkeys'):
+                document = vpnrouter_passkeys.register_complete(connection, name, body.get('id'), body.get('credential'),
+                                                                body.get('label'))
+            elif removing:
+                document = vpnrouter_passkeys.remove(connection, name, urllib.parse.unquote(path.strip('/').split('/')[2]))
+            else:
+                document = vpnrouter_users.otp_enrol(connection, name, body.get('secret'), body.get('code'))
+        if route == ('PUT', '/account/password'):
+            vpnrouter_auth.revoke(vpnrouter.load_config(), name)
+    except vpnrouter_users.Failure as failure:
+        if failure.status == 5:
+            return 403, {'error': 'the current password or code is wrong'}
+        return USER_STATUS.get(failure.status, 500), {'error': str(failure)}
+    except (ldap.LDAPError, OSError) as exc:
+        return 500, {'error': f'the user directory failed: {exc}'}
+    except vpnrouter_auth.DatabaseError as exc:
+        return 500, {'error': str(exc)}
+    except SystemExit as exc:
+        return 500, {'error': str(exc.code)}
+    return 200, document

debian-package/src/usr/lib/vpn-router/vpnrouter_web/logs.py

@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+"""/logs: the last lines of the journal of the router's units and of the files web.log_files lists."""
+
+import os
+import subprocess
+
+import vpnrouter
+
+#: The units whose journal /logs/journal shows, besides the whole journal: the package's own and the services it runs.
+JOURNAL_UNITS = ('vpn-router-setup', 'vpn-router-web', 'vpn-router-metrics', 'vpn-router-pki', 'vpn-router-backup',
+                 'vpn-router-caddy', 'vpn-router-manager', 'caddy', 'slapd', 'nslcd', 'postgresql', 'strongswan',
+                 'wg-quick@wg0', 'openvpn-server@vpn-router', 'ssh', 'vpn-router-resolver', 'vpn-router-webdav', 'pdns')
+
+#: The most lines /logs answers, the number it answers without lines, and the most bytes it reads from the end of a file.
+LOG_LINES_MAX = 1000
+
+LOG_LINES_DEFAULT = 200
+
+LOG_BYTES_MAX = 1024 * 1024
+
+
+def tail(path, count):
+    """The last count lines of a file, read from at most LOG_BYTES_MAX bytes at its end, invalid UTF-8 replaced."""
+    with open(path, 'rb') as handle:
+        size = handle.seek(0, os.SEEK_END)
+        start = max(0, size - LOG_BYTES_MAX)
+        handle.seek(start)
+        lines = handle.read().decode('utf-8', 'replace').splitlines()
+    # A read that starts inside the file starts inside a line, which is left out.
+    return (lines[1:] if start and lines else lines)[-count:]
+
+
+def logs(method, path, query):
+    """Answer a /logs request: the HTTP status and the JSON document.
+
+      GET /logs           {"units": JOURNAL_UNITS, "files": web.log_files, "max_lines": LOG_LINES_MAX}
+      GET /logs/journal   {"lines": [...]}: the last lines of the journal, of the unit unit= names, one of
+                          JOURNAL_UNITS, or of the whole journal without it
+      GET /logs/file      {"lines": [...]}: the last lines of the file path= names, one of web.log_files
+
+    lines= is the number of lines, 1 to LOG_LINES_MAX, LOG_LINES_DEFAULT without it.
+    """
+    if method not in ('GET', 'HEAD'):
+        return 405, {'error': f'{method} is not allowed on /logs'}
+    try:
+        files = [item.strip() for item in vpnrouter.load_config()['web']['log_files'] if item.strip()]
+    except SystemExit as exc:
+        return 500, {'error': str(exc.code)}
+    if path == '/logs':
+        return 200, {'units': list(JOURNAL_UNITS), 'files': files, 'max_lines': LOG_LINES_MAX}
+    text = query.get('lines', [str(LOG_LINES_DEFAULT)])[0]
+    if not text.isdigit() or not 1 <= int(text) <= LOG_LINES_MAX:
+        return 400, {'error': f'lines must be a whole number from 1 to {LOG_LINES_MAX}'}
+    count = int(text)
+    if path == '/logs/journal':
+        unit = query.get('unit', [''])[0]
+        if unit and unit not in JOURNAL_UNITS:
+            return 404, {'error': f'{unit} is not one of the units whose journal /logs shows'}
+        try:
+            result = subprocess.run(['journalctl', '--no-pager', '--quiet', '--output=short-iso', f'--lines={count}',
+                                     *([f'--unit={unit}.service'] if unit else [])], capture_output=True, text=True,
+                                    errors='replace', timeout=30)
+        except (OSError, subprocess.TimeoutExpired) as exc:
+            return 500, {'error': f'journalctl cannot be run: {exc}'}
+        if result.returncode != 0:
+            return 500, {'error': result.stderr.strip() or f'journalctl ended with status {result.returncode}'}
+        return 200, {'lines': result.stdout.splitlines()[-count:]}
+    if path == '/logs/file':
+        name = query.get('path', [''])[0]
+        if name not in files:
+            return 404, {'error': f'{name!r} is not one of web.log_files'}
+        try:
+            return 200, {'lines': tail(name, count)}
+        except OSError as exc:
+            return (404 if isinstance(exc, FileNotFoundError) else 500), {'error': f'{name} cannot be read: {exc.strerror}'}
+    return 404, {'error': f'no route {method} {path}'}

debian-package/src/usr/lib/vpn-router/vpnrouter_web/metrics.py

@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+"""/metrics/history and /metrics/settings: the metrics the metrics service keeps, and its settings."""
+
+import vpnrouter
+import vpnrouter_metrics
+
+from .common import section_change
+
+
+def metrics_history(view):
+    """Answer GET /metrics/history?range=<view> with vpnrouter_metrics.history: the HTTP status and the JSON document.
+
+    view is hour, the default, day, month or year (vpnrouter_metrics.RANGES).
+    """
+    if view not in vpnrouter_metrics.RANGES:
+        return 400, {'error': f'range must be one of {", ".join(vpnrouter_metrics.RANGES)}'}
+    try:
+        with vpnrouter_metrics.database(vpnrouter.load_config()) as connection:
+            return 200, vpnrouter_metrics.history(connection, view)
+    except vpnrouter_metrics.DatabaseError as exc:
+        return 500, {'error': str(exc)}
+    except SystemExit as exc:
+        return 500, {'error': str(exc.code)}
+
+
+def metrics_shown(settings):
+    """The metrics section as /metrics/settings shows it: its settings but otlp_password, with otlp_password_set."""
+    return {**{option: value for option, value in settings.items() if option != 'otlp_password'},
+            'otlp_password_set': bool(settings['otlp_password'])}
+
+
+def metrics_settings(method, body):
+    """Answer a /metrics/settings request: the HTTP status and the JSON document.
+
+      GET /metrics/settings  {"settings"}: the metrics section without otlp_password, with otlp_password_set
+      PUT /metrics/settings  change any of the settings of the metrics section; an empty or absent otlp_password keeps
+                             the current secret, and an empty otlp_username removes it
+
+    A change is applied by restarting vpn-router-setup without waiting for it.
+    """
+    if body == 'invalid' or (body is not None and not isinstance(body, dict)):
+        return 400, {'error': 'the body must be a JSON object'}
+    if method in ('GET', 'HEAD'):
+        try:
+            return 200, {'settings': metrics_shown(vpnrouter.load_config()['metrics'])}
+        except SystemExit as exc:
+            return 500, {'error': str(exc.code)}
+    if method != 'PUT':
+        return 404, {'error': f'no route {method} /metrics/settings'}
+    body = dict(body or {})
+    if not body.get('otlp_password'):
+        body.pop('otlp_password', None)
+    if body.get('otlp_username') == '':
+        body['otlp_password'] = ''
+    changed = section_change('metrics', body)
+    return changed if isinstance(changed, tuple) else (200, {'settings': metrics_shown(changed)})

debian-package/src/usr/lib/vpn-router/vpnrouter_web/pki.py

@@ -0,0 +1,90 @@
+"""The PKI: /ca, and the certificates and CRLs /pki/ serves without authentication."""
+
+import ldap
+
+import vpnrouter
+import vpnrouter_pki
+from vpnrouter_status import run
+
+from .common import PKI_STATUS
+
+#: A file /pki/ serves: the certificate or the CRL of a CA, and its content type.
+PUBLISHED = {'.crt': 'application/pkix-cert', '.crl': 'application/pkix-crl'}
+
+
+def ca(method, path, body):
+    """Answer a /ca request with vpnrouter_pki: the HTTP status and the JSON document.
+
+      GET  /ca                                  {"settings", "templates", "extended_key_usages", "status",
+                                                "certificates"}: the pki section, the templates with the built-in
+                                                ones, the extended key usages, each {oid, builtin}, the root, the
+                                                issuing CAs, the retired CAs and the warnings (vpnrouter_pki.status),
+                                                and the certificates issued, newest first
+      PUT  /ca                                  change any of the settings of the pki section
+      POST /ca/certificates                     issue a certificate: {"ca", "template", "csr"} answers {"serial",
+                                                "certificate", "chain"}; {"ca", "template", "subject", "sans",
+                                                "password"} answers {"serial", "pfx"}, a PKCS#12 file in base64
+      POST /ca/certificates/<serial>/revoke     revoke a certificate: {"reason"?}
+      GET  /ca/bundle/<name>                    the PEM certificates a client trusts the CA with: {"name", "pem"}; for
+                                                root the root alone, for an issuing CA the issuing CA and the root
+      GET  /ca/issuing/<name>/csr               the CSR of an issuing CA that waits for the offline root, with the
+                                                openssl extensions to sign it with: {"name", "csr", "extensions"}
+      PUT  /ca/issuing/<name>/certificate       take its certificate signed by the root: {"certificate"}
+      PUT  /ca/root/crl                         take a root CRL signed offline: {"crl"}
+
+    A change of the settings is made as /site-to-site makes one; it, a revoked router certificate and an imported
+    issuing CA certificate are applied by restarting vpn-router-setup without waiting for it.
+    """
+    if body == 'invalid' or (body is not None and not isinstance(body, dict)):
+        return 400, {'error': 'the body must be a JSON object'}
+    body = body or {}
+    parts = path.strip('/').split('/')
+    route = (method, *parts[1:])
+    try:
+        cfg = vpnrouter.load_config()
+        if len(route) == 3 and route[:2] == ('GET', 'bundle'):
+            return 200, vpnrouter_pki.bundle(route[2])
+        if route == ('GET',):
+            return 200, {'settings': cfg['pki'], 'templates': vpnrouter.pki_templates(cfg),
+                         'extended_key_usages': {name: {'oid': oid, 'builtin': name in vpnrouter.EXTENDED_KEY_USAGES}
+                                                 for name, oid in vpnrouter.extended_key_usages(cfg).items()},
+                         'status': vpnrouter_pki.status(cfg), 'certificates': vpnrouter_pki.certificates()}
+        if route == ('PUT',):
+            settings = {option: body[option] for option in vpnrouter.SCHEMA['pki'] if option in body}
+            with vpnrouter.config_lock():
+                data = vpnrouter.read_settings()
+                current = data.get('pki')
+                data['pki'] = {**(current if isinstance(current, dict) else {}), **settings}
+                cfg = vpnrouter.with_defaults(data)
+                vpnrouter.validate(cfg)
+                vpnrouter.save_config(data)
+            run('systemctl', 'restart', '--no-block', 'vpn-router-setup.service')
+            return 200, {'settings': cfg['pki'], 'templates': vpnrouter.pki_templates(cfg)}
+        with vpnrouter_pki.locked():
+            if route == ('POST', 'certificates'):
+                return 201, vpnrouter_pki.issue(cfg, body.get('ca'), body.get('template'), csr=body.get('csr'),
+                                                subject=body.get('subject'), sans=body.get('sans'),
+                                                password=body.get('password'))
+            if len(route) == 4 and route[:2] == ('POST', 'certificates') and route[3] == 'revoke':
+                document = vpnrouter_pki.revoke(cfg, route[2], body.get('reason'))
+            elif len(route) == 4 and route[:2] == ('GET', 'issuing') and route[3] == 'csr':
+                return 200, vpnrouter_pki.csr(cfg, route[2])
+            elif len(route) == 4 and route[:2] == ('PUT', 'issuing') and route[3] == 'certificate':
+                document = vpnrouter_pki.import_ca(cfg, route[2], body.get('certificate'))
+            elif route == ('PUT', 'root', 'crl'):
+                return 200, vpnrouter_pki.import_root_crl(body.get('crl'))
+            else:
+                return 404, {'error': f'no route {method} {path}'}
+    except vpnrouter.ConfigError as exc:
+        return 400, {'error': str(exc)}
+    except vpnrouter_pki.Failure as failure:
+        return PKI_STATUS.get(failure.status, 500), {'error': str(failure)}
+    except ldap.LDAPError as exc:
+        return 500, {'error': f'the directory, which holds the PKI, failed: {exc}'}
+    except OSError as exc:
+        return 500, {'error': f'the PKI cannot be changed: {exc}'}
+    except SystemExit as exc:
+        return 500, {'error': str(exc.code)}
+    if route[1] == 'issuing' or document.get('reissue'):
+        run('systemctl', 'restart', '--no-block', 'vpn-router-setup.service')
+    return 200, document

debian-package/src/usr/lib/vpn-router/vpnrouter_web/shell.py

@@ -0,0 +1,512 @@
+"""/shell: the ticket (shell_ticket), with the passkey proof it may take (shell_passkey), the WebSocket of the terminal
+(shell), and the editor of the shell: the socket vpn-router-editor names files on (editor_listen) and /shell/editor/...
+(shell_editor)."""
+
+import base64
+import fcntl
+import hashlib
+import json
+import os
+import pwd
+import secrets
+import select
+import socket
+import struct
+import subprocess
+import termios
+import threading
+import time
+import urllib.parse
+
+import ldap
+
+import vpnrouter
+import vpnrouter_passkeys
+import vpnrouter_users
+from vpnrouter_status import run
+
+from .common import BODY_LIMIT, MIB, USER_STATUS, log
+
+#: Seconds a ticket of POST /shell may open a shell.
+SHELL_TICKET_SECONDS = 30
+
+#: Seconds between the checks of an open shell's user, which end the shell once its console is refused.
+SHELL_CHECK_SECONDS = 60
+
+#: The largest WebSocket message accepted from a client, in bytes.
+MESSAGE_LIMIT = 65536
+
+#: The socket vpn-router-editor (vre) names files on to open them in the editor of a shell (see editor_listen()).
+EDITOR_SOCKET = '/run/vpn-router/editor.sock'
+
+#: The helper that reads and writes a file of the editor as the shell's user.
+EDITOR_FILE = '/usr/lib/vpn-router/editor-file'
+
+#: The largest file the editor opens, in bytes, as editor-file allows; a body of PUT /shell/editor/... may hold its
+#: content escaped in JSON.
+EDITOR_MAX_BYTES = MIB
+
+EDITOR_BODY_LIMIT = 2 * EDITOR_MAX_BYTES + BODY_LIMIT
+
+#: The most files a shell has open in its editor at once.
+EDITOR_FILES_MAX = 20
+
+#: Seconds a reader of the editor socket and a run of editor-file may take.
+EDITOR_TIMEOUT = 30
+
+#: The GUID of RFC 6455 that the Sec-WebSocket-Accept of a handshake is made with.
+WEBSOCKET_GUID = '258EAFA5-E914-47DA-95CA-C5AB0DC85B11'
+
+#: WebSocket opcodes.
+TEXT, BINARY, CLOSE, PING, PONG = 1, 2, 8, 9, 10
+
+#: The unused tickets of POST /shell: ticket -> (user, monotonic time of expiry).
+_shell_tickets = {}
+
+_shell_lock = threading.Lock()
+
+#: The last use of a shell of each user, a sign-in of POST /shell or a keystroke: user -> monotonic time.
+_shell_used = {}
+
+#: The open shells by their session, which each shell has in VPN_ROUTER_SHELL: session -> {"user", "account", "uid",
+#: "send", the function that sends a WebSocket frame to its client, "files": {file id: path}}.
+_shell_sessions = {}
+
+
+def shell_ticket(name, body):
+    """Answer POST /shell: the HTTP status and the JSON document.
+
+    The user named by the token signs in again with {"password", "code"}, its password and TOTP code, or with
+    {"passkey": {"id", "credential"}}, the answer of the browser to a proof begun by POST /shell/passkey (see
+    shell_passkey) with one of its own passkeys and the user verified. A wrong password or code counts as a failed
+    login; it and a passkey that is not accepted are 403. Without either, the user is not asked to sign in while its
+    last use of a shell (see _shell_used) is less than web.shell_auth_timeout minutes ago. The answer is {"ticket",
+    "expires_in"}: a ticket that opens one shell (GET /shell) for the same user within SHELL_TICKET_SECONDS, or a null
+    ticket when the user must sign in. 403 while web.shell is false, the user's console login is not on or the user has
+    no TOTP token.
+    """
+    if not isinstance(name, str):
+        return 403, {'error': 'the shell needs a token of a signed-in user'}
+    if not isinstance(body, dict):
+        return 400, {'error': 'the body must be a JSON object'}
+    try:
+        options = vpnrouter.load_config()['web']
+        if not options['shell']:
+            return 403, {'error': 'the shell is disabled; vpn-config-edit set web.shell true enables it'}
+        refusal = console_account(name)[1]
+        if refusal:
+            return 403, {'error': refusal}
+        if 'passkey' in body:
+            passkey = body['passkey'] if isinstance(body['passkey'], dict) else {}
+            with vpnrouter_users.session() as connection:
+                vpnrouter_passkeys.shell_complete(connection, name, passkey.get('id'), passkey.get('credential'))
+        elif 'password' in body:
+            vpnrouter_users.login(name, body.get('password'), body.get('code'))
+        else:
+            with _shell_lock:
+                used = _shell_used.get(name)
+            if used is None or time.monotonic() - used >= options['shell_auth_timeout'] * 60:
+                return 200, {'ticket': None, 'expires_in': 0}
+    except vpnrouter_users.Failure as failure:
+        if failure.status == 5:
+            return 403, {'error': 'the passkey is not accepted' if 'passkey' in body else 'the password or the code is wrong'}
+        return USER_STATUS.get(failure.status, 500), {'error': str(failure)}
+    except (ldap.LDAPError, OSError) as exc:
+        return 500, {'error': f'the user directory failed: {exc}'}
+    except SystemExit as exc:
+        return 500, {'error': str(exc.code)}
+    ticket = secrets.token_urlsafe(32)
+    now = time.monotonic()
+    with _shell_lock:
+        for unused in [key for key, (_, expires) in _shell_tickets.items() if expires <= now]:
+            del _shell_tickets[unused]
+        _shell_tickets[ticket] = (name, now + SHELL_TICKET_SECONDS)
+        _shell_used[name] = now
+    return 200, {'ticket': ticket, 'expires_in': SHELL_TICKET_SECONDS}
+
+
+def shell_passkey(name):
+    """Answer POST /shell/passkey: begin the proof of the signed-in user with one of its own passkeys for POST /shell,
+    {"id", "options"}, options those of navigator.credentials.get; the HTTP status and the JSON document. 403 while
+    the user may not use a shell (console_account), 400 for a user without a passkey."""
+    if not isinstance(name, str):
+        return 403, {'error': 'the shell needs a token of a signed-in user'}
+    try:
+        if not vpnrouter.load_config()['web']['shell']:
+            return 403, {'error': 'the shell is disabled; vpn-config-edit set web.shell true enables it'}
+        refusal = console_account(name)[1]
+        if refusal:
+            return 403, {'error': refusal}
+        with vpnrouter_users.session() as connection:
+            return 200, vpnrouter_passkeys.shell_begin(connection, name)
+    except vpnrouter_users.Failure as failure:
+        return USER_STATUS.get(failure.status, 500), {'error': str(failure)}
+    except (ldap.LDAPError, OSError) as exc:
+        return 500, {'error': f'the user directory failed: {exc}'}
+    except SystemExit as exc:
+        return 500, {'error': str(exc.code)}
+
+
+def console_account(name):
+    """The system account the console of the user runs as and None, or None and the reason the user may not use a
+    console: its console login is off, or it has no TOTP token, which the PAM login session of the shell and sudo need
+    also when a passkey opens the shell."""
+    with vpnrouter_users.session() as connection:
+        user = vpnrouter_users.summary(vpnrouter_users.entry(connection, name))
+    if not user['console'] or not user['console']['enabled']:
+        return None, f'console login is not enabled for {name}; vpn-router-user console sets it'
+    if not user['otp']:
+        return None, f'{name} has no TOTP token; the shell needs one, enrolled on the Account page'
+    return user['console']['account'], None
+
+
+def take_ticket(name, ticket):
+    """Whether the ticket of POST /shell is unexpired and was given to the user; it is used up either way."""
+    with _shell_lock:
+        holder, expires = _shell_tickets.pop(ticket, (None, 0.0))
+    return holder == name and expires > time.monotonic()
+
+
+def shell_command(account, unit, session):
+    """The command that runs the login shell of the system user account in the transient unit, on its terminal, with
+    the shell's session in VPN_ROUTER_SHELL for vpn-router-editor.
+
+    setsid makes the terminal the controlling one of systemd-run, which passes the window size on; systemd-run starts
+    the shell outside the web service's sandbox, in a PAM login session of the user.
+    """
+    return ['setsid', '--ctty', 'systemd-run', '--quiet', '--collect', '--pty', '--send-sighup', f'--unit={unit}',
+            f'--uid={account.pw_name}', '--property=PAMName=login', f'--working-directory={account.pw_dir}',
+            '--setenv=TERM=xterm-256color', f'--setenv=VPN_ROUTER_SHELL={session}', account.pw_shell or '/bin/sh', '-l']
+
+
+def editor_file(account, action, path, content=b'', version=''):
+    """Run editor-file as the system user account outside the sandbox: read the file, or write content to it when it
+    still has version. The exit status of editor-file and its output, or its message on failure."""
+    command = ['systemd-run', '--quiet', '--collect', '--pipe', f'--uid={account}', EDITOR_FILE, action, path]
+    try:
+        result = subprocess.run(command + ([version] if action == 'write' else []), input=content, capture_output=True,
+                                timeout=EDITOR_TIMEOUT)
+    except (OSError, subprocess.TimeoutExpired) as exc:
+        return 1, f'editor-file cannot be run: {exc}'.encode()
+    return result.returncode, result.stdout if result.returncode == 0 else result.stderr.strip() or \
+        f'editor-file ended with status {result.returncode}'.encode()
+
+
+def shell_editor(name, method, parts, body):
+    """Answer a request of a file open in the editor of one of the user's shells: the HTTP status and the JSON document.
+
+      GET    /shell/editor/<session>/<id>   {"path", "content", "version"}, version the SHA-256 of the content
+      PUT    /shell/editor/<session>/<id>   {"content", "version"} writes the content when the file still has version,
+                                            else 409; answers {"path", "version"}
+      DELETE /shell/editor/<session>/<id>   closes the file
+
+    The file is read and written as the shell's console account (editor_file). 404 for a session that is not a shell of
+    the user or a file it does not have open.
+    """
+    if len(parts) != 4:
+        return 404, {'error': f'no route {method} /{"/".join(parts)}'}
+    with _shell_lock:
+        session = _shell_sessions.get(parts[2])
+        path = session['files'].get(parts[3]) if session and session['user'] == name else None
+        account = session['account'] if path else None
+    if path is None:
+        return 404, {'error': 'no such file is open in a shell of yours'}
+    if method == 'DELETE':
+        with _shell_lock:
+            session['files'].pop(parts[3], None)
+        return 200, {'path': path, 'closed': True}
+    if method == 'GET':
+        status, output = editor_file(account, 'read', path)
+        if status != 0:
+            return (400 if status == 2 else 500), {'error': output.decode(errors='replace')}
+        return 200, {'path': path, 'content': output.decode(), 'version': hashlib.sha256(output).hexdigest()}
+    if method != 'PUT':
+        return 405, {'error': f'{method} is not allowed on a file of the editor'}
+    if not isinstance(body, dict) or not isinstance(body.get('content'), str) or not isinstance(body.get('version'), str):
+        return 400, {'error': 'the body must be {"content", "version"}'}
+    content = body['content'].encode()
+    if len(content) > EDITOR_MAX_BYTES:
+        return 413, {'error': f'the content is larger than {EDITOR_MAX_BYTES // 1024} KiB'}
+    status, output = editor_file(account, 'write', path, content, body['version'])
+    if status != 0:
+        return {2: 400, 3: 409}.get(status, 500), {'error': output.decode(errors='replace')}
+    log(f'editor of {name} saved {path} as {account}')
+    return 200, {'path': path, 'version': hashlib.sha256(content).hexdigest()}
+
+
+def editor_request(connection):
+    """Answer one request of vpn-router-editor on the editor socket: {"session", "path"} on a line opens the file in the
+    editor of the shell of the session, whose client is sent {"editor": "open", "session", "id", "path"} as a text
+    message.
+
+    The peer must run as the shell's console account and the path must be absolute. The answer is {"ok": true} or
+    {"error"} on a line.
+    """
+    try:
+        connection.settimeout(EDITOR_TIMEOUT)
+        _, uid, _ = struct.unpack('iII', connection.getsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_PEERCRED,
+                                                                struct.calcsize('iII')))
+        request = json.loads(connection.makefile('rb').readline(4096) or b'null')
+        if not isinstance(request, dict) or not isinstance(request.get('session'), str) or \
+                not isinstance(request.get('path'), str):
+            answer = {'error': 'the request must be {"session", "path"}'}
+        elif not os.path.isabs(request['path']):
+            answer = {'error': 'the path must be absolute'}
+        else:
+            with _shell_lock:
+                session = _shell_sessions.get(request['session'])
+                if session is None or session['uid'] != uid:
+                    answer = {'error': 'no shell of the Router Manager has this session; vre works only in its shell'}
+                elif len(session['files']) >= EDITOR_FILES_MAX:
+                    answer = {'error': f'the editor has {EDITOR_FILES_MAX} files open; close one first'}
+                else:
+                    file_id = secrets.token_urlsafe(8)
+                    session['files'][file_id] = request['path']
+                    answer = None
+            if answer is None:
+                session['send'](TEXT, json.dumps({'editor': 'open', 'session': request['session'], 'id': file_id,
+                                                  'path': request['path']}).encode())
+                log(f'editor of {session["user"]} opened {request["path"]}')
+                answer = {'ok': True}
+        connection.sendall(json.dumps(answer).encode() + b'\n')
+    except (OSError, ValueError, struct.error):
+        pass
+    finally:
+        connection.close()
+
+
+def editor_listen():
+    """Listen on EDITOR_SOCKET, which any local user may connect to, answering each connection in a thread with
+    editor_request; the socket of an earlier run is replaced. Does not return; a failure to listen is logged and the
+    editor stays closed."""
+    try:
+        if os.path.lexists(EDITOR_SOCKET):
+            os.unlink(EDITOR_SOCKET)
+        listener = socket.socket(socket.AF_UNIX, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
+        listener.bind(EDITOR_SOCKET)
+        os.chmod(EDITOR_SOCKET, 0o666)
+        listener.listen(16)
+    except OSError as exc:
+        log(f'the editor socket {EDITOR_SOCKET} cannot be opened: {exc}')
+        return
+    while True:
+        try:
+            connection, _ = listener.accept()
+        except OSError:
+            continue
+        threading.Thread(target=editor_request, args=(connection,), name='editor request', daemon=True).start()
+
+
+def frame(opcode, payload):
+    """A final, unmasked WebSocket frame of a server."""
+    size = len(payload)
+    if size < 126:
+        length = bytes([size])
+    elif size < 65536:
+        length = bytes([126]) + size.to_bytes(2, 'big')
+    else:
+        length = bytes([127]) + size.to_bytes(8, 'big')
+    return bytes([0x80 | opcode]) + length + payload
+
+
+def exact(handler, size):
+    """The next size bytes from the client of the Handler handler; ConnectionError when it closes first."""
+    data = handler.rfile.read(size)
+    if len(data) != size:
+        raise ConnectionError('the client closed the connection')
+    return data
+
+
+def message(handler, send):
+    """The opcode and the payload of the next WebSocket data message of the client of the Handler handler, or CLOSE
+    and its payload.
+
+    Fragments are joined and unmasked; a ping is answered with send, a pong ignored. ValueError for an unmasked
+    frame or a message over MESSAGE_LIMIT.
+    """
+    opcode, payload = None, b''
+    while True:
+        head = exact(handler, 2)
+        code, size = head[0] & 0x0F, head[1] & 0x7F
+        if not head[1] & 0x80:
+            raise ValueError('a frame of the client is not masked')
+        if size == 126:
+            size = int.from_bytes(exact(handler, 2), 'big')
+        elif size == 127:
+            size = int.from_bytes(exact(handler, 8), 'big')
+        if len(payload) + size > MESSAGE_LIMIT:
+            raise ValueError(f'a message is larger than {MESSAGE_LIMIT} bytes')
+        mask = exact(handler, 4) * (size // 4 + 1)
+        data = bytes(byte ^ key for byte, key in zip(exact(handler, size), mask))
+        if code == PING:
+            send(PONG, data)
+            continue
+        if code == PONG:
+            continue
+        if code == CLOSE:
+            return CLOSE, data
+        opcode = code if opcode is None else opcode
+        payload += data
+        if head[0] & 0x80:
+            return opcode, payload
+
+
+def shell(handler, name):
+    """Answer GET /shell?ticket=<ticket>, a WebSocket handshake the Handler handler received, with a login shell of the
+    user's console account (vpnrouter_users.console) on a terminal.
+
+    The ticket must come from POST /shell for the user named by the token. Binary messages of the client are its
+    keystrokes, a text message {"cols", "rows"} sets the window size, and binary messages of the server are the
+    terminal's output; a text message of the server {"editor": "open", "session", "id", "path"} opens a file the
+    shell named with vpn-router-editor (editor_request), which the client reads and saves with
+    /shell/editor/<session>/<id> (shell_editor) while the shell lives. The shell ends after web.shell_idle_minutes
+    without a keystroke, when it exits, when the client closes the connection, or when a check of the user (SHELL_CHECK_SECONDS) finds its console login off or
+    its TOTP token gone; the server then closes it with the reason. Each opening, end and refusal is logged
+    with its reason.
+    """
+    def refuse(code, message):
+        log(f'shell of {name} from {handler.client()} refused: {message}')
+        body = json.dumps({'error': message}).encode() + b'\n'
+        try:
+            handler.send_response(code)
+            handler.send_header('Content-Type', 'application/json')
+            handler.send_header('Content-Length', str(len(body)))
+            handler.end_headers()
+            handler.wfile.write(body)
+        except ConnectionError:
+            handler.close_connection = True
+
+    key = handler.headers.get('Sec-WebSocket-Key', '').strip()
+    if handler.headers.get('Upgrade', '').lower() != 'websocket' or 'upgrade' not in handler.headers.get('Connection', '').lower() \
+            or handler.headers.get('Sec-WebSocket-Version') != '13' or not key:
+        return refuse(400, 'GET /shell must be a WebSocket handshake')
+    query = urllib.parse.parse_qs(urllib.parse.urlsplit(handler.path).query)
+    if not take_ticket(name, query.get('ticket', [''])[0]):
+        return refuse(403, 'the ticket is not valid; POST /shell gives one')
+    try:
+        options = vpnrouter.load_config()['web']
+    except SystemExit as exc:
+        return refuse(500, str(exc.code))
+    if not options['shell']:
+        return refuse(403, 'the shell is disabled; vpn-config-edit set web.shell true enables it')
+    try:
+        login, refusal = console_account(name)
+    except (vpnrouter_users.Failure, ldap.LDAPError, OSError) as exc:
+        return refuse(500, f'the user directory failed: {exc}')
+    if refusal:
+        return refuse(403, refusal)
+    try:
+        account = pwd.getpwnam(login)
+    except KeyError:
+        return refuse(500, f'the system does not know the account {login}; is nslcd running?')
+    unit = f'vpn-router-shell-{secrets.token_hex(4)}'
+    session = secrets.token_urlsafe(24)
+    master, terminal = os.openpty()
+    try:
+        process = subprocess.Popen(shell_command(account, unit, session), stdin=terminal, stdout=terminal, stderr=terminal,
+                                   env={'PATH': '/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin'})
+    except OSError as exc:
+        os.close(master)
+        return refuse(500, f'the shell cannot be started: {exc}')
+    finally:
+        os.close(terminal)
+    accept = base64.b64encode(hashlib.sha1((key + WEBSOCKET_GUID).encode()).digest()).decode()
+    handler.close_connection = True
+    try:
+        handler.send_response(101, 'Switching Protocols')
+        handler.send_header('Upgrade', 'websocket')
+        handler.send_header('Connection', 'Upgrade')
+        handler.send_header('Sec-WebSocket-Accept', accept)
+        handler.end_headers()
+    except ConnectionError:
+        # The client went away before the shell opened; the shell started for it is stopped.
+        run('systemctl', 'stop', unit)
+        os.close(master)
+        process.kill()
+        process.wait()
+        log(f'shell of {name} from {handler.client()} ended before it opened: the client closed the connection')
+        return
+    client, started, idle = handler.client(), time.monotonic(), options['shell_idle_minutes'] * 60
+    log(f'shell of {name} from {client} opened as {account.pw_name} in {unit}')
+
+    lock, ended, typed = threading.Lock(), threading.Event(), [started]
+
+    def send(opcode, payload):
+        with lock:
+            handler.wfile.write(frame(opcode, payload))
+
+    with _shell_lock:
+        _shell_sessions[session] = {'user': name, 'account': account.pw_name, 'uid': account.pw_uid, 'send': send,
+                                    'files': {}}
+
+    def receive():
+        """Pass the client's keystrokes and window sizes to the terminal until it closes the connection."""
+        try:
+            while True:
+                opcode, payload = message(handler, send)
+                if opcode == CLOSE:
+                    break
+                if opcode == BINARY:
+                    os.write(master, payload)
+                    typed[0] = time.monotonic()
+                    with _shell_lock:
+                        _shell_used[name] = typed[0]
+                elif opcode == TEXT:
+                    size = json.loads(payload)
+                    fcntl.ioctl(master, termios.TIOCSWINSZ, struct.pack('HHHH', int(size['rows']), int(size['cols']), 0, 0))
+        except (OSError, ValueError, KeyError, TypeError, struct.error):
+            pass
+        finally:
+            ended.set()
+
+    reader = threading.Thread(target=receive, name=f'{unit} input', daemon=True)
+    reader.start()
+    reason = 'the shell ended'
+    checked = started
+    try:
+        while not ended.is_set():
+            left = typed[0] + idle - time.monotonic()
+            if left <= 0:
+                reason = f'no keystroke for {options["shell_idle_minutes"]} minutes'
+                break
+            # The user's console login and TOTP token are checked again every SHELL_CHECK_SECONDS.
+            if time.monotonic() - checked >= SHELL_CHECK_SECONDS:
+                checked = time.monotonic()
+                try:
+                    refusal = console_account(name)[1]
+                except (vpnrouter_users.Failure, ldap.LDAPError, OSError) as exc:
+                    refusal = f'the user directory failed: {exc}'
+                if refusal:
+                    reason = refusal
+                    break
+            if select.select([master], [], [], min(left, 1))[0]:
+                try:
+                    output = os.read(master, 65536)
+                except OSError:
+                    output = b''
+                if not output:
+                    break
+                send(BINARY, output)
+        else:
+            reason = 'the client closed the connection'
+    except OSError:
+        reason = 'the connection failed'
+    with _shell_lock:
+        _shell_sessions.pop(session, None)
+    run('systemctl', 'stop', unit)
+    try:
+        send(CLOSE, (1000).to_bytes(2, 'big') + reason.encode()[:120])
+    except OSError:
+        pass
+    try:
+        handler.connection.shutdown(socket.SHUT_RDWR)
+    except OSError:
+        pass
+    reader.join()
+    os.close(master)
+    try:
+        process.wait(timeout=10)
+    except subprocess.TimeoutExpired:
+        process.kill()
+        process.wait()
+    log(f'shell of {name} from {client} in {unit} ended after {int(time.monotonic() - started)} seconds: {reason}')

debian-package/src/usr/lib/vpn-router/vpnrouter_web/sites.py

@@ -0,0 +1,152 @@
+"""/sites: the settings of the web sites Caddy serves, the sites, and the files of each (site_files)."""
+
+import mimetypes
+import os
+import re
+import shutil
+import urllib.parse
+
+import ldap
+
+import vpnrouter
+import vpnrouter_sites
+from vpnrouter_status import run
+
+from .common import MIB, SITE_STATUS, section_change
+
+#: A path of a site's files: the site and the path in its folder.
+SITE_FILES = re.compile(r'^/sites/([^/]+)/files(?:/(.*))?$')
+
+
+def sites(method, path, query, body):
+    """Answer a /sites request but one of a site's files with vpnrouter_sites: the HTTP status and the JSON document.
+
+      GET    /sites          {"settings", "sites"}: the sites section of the configuration and the sites, each with its
+                             settings but private_key, with private_key_set, modified and its folder
+      PUT    /sites          change any of the settings of the sites section
+      POST   /sites          add a site: {"name", and any of "enabled", "hosts", "port", "listen", "tls", "ca",
+                             "certificate", "private_key", "index_file", "spa", "editors"}; an existing name is 409
+      GET    /sites/<name>   the site
+      PUT    /sites/<name>   change any of the settings of POST but name; an empty or absent private_key keeps the key
+      DELETE /sites/<name>   remove the site, with content=true also its folder
+
+    A change is applied by restarting vpn-router-setup without waiting for it.
+    """
+    if body == 'invalid' or (body is not None and not isinstance(body, dict)):
+        return 400, {'error': 'the body must be a JSON object'}
+    body = body or {}
+    parts = path.strip('/').split('/')
+    route = (method, len(parts))
+    try:
+        cfg = vpnrouter.load_config()
+        if route == ('GET', 1):
+            return 200, {'settings': cfg['sites'], 'sites': vpnrouter_sites.listing()}
+        if route == ('PUT', 1):
+            changed = section_change('sites', body)
+            return changed if isinstance(changed, tuple) else (200, {'settings': changed})
+        if route == ('POST', 1):
+            name = body.get('name')
+            document = vpnrouter_sites.save(cfg, name, {key: value for key, value in body.items() if key != 'name'},
+                                            True)
+            code = 201
+        elif route == ('GET', 2):
+            with vpnrouter_sites.database() as connection:
+                return 200, vpnrouter_sites.shown(vpnrouter_sites.get(connection, parts[1]))
+        elif route == ('PUT', 2):
+            document, code = vpnrouter_sites.save(cfg, parts[1], body, False), 200
+        elif route == ('DELETE', 2):
+            document = vpnrouter_sites.remove(parts[1], query.get('content', [''])[0] == 'true')
+            code = 200
+        else:
+            return 404, {'error': f'no route {method} {path}'}
+    except vpnrouter_sites.Failure as failure:
+        return SITE_STATUS.get(failure.status, 500), {'error': str(failure)}
+    except vpnrouter_sites.DatabaseError as exc:
+        return 500, {'error': str(exc)}
+    except (ldap.LDAPError, OSError) as exc:
+        return 500, {'error': f'the site cannot be changed: {exc}'}
+    except SystemExit as exc:
+        return 500, {'error': str(exc.code)}
+    run('systemctl', 'restart', '--no-block', 'vpn-router-setup.service')
+    return code, document
+
+
+def site_file_action(name, target, body):
+    """Answer a POST to a site's file or folder: {"folder": true} creates the folder, {"rename": "<path>"} moves the file
+    or folder to the path in the site's folder; the HTTP status and the JSON document."""
+    if not isinstance(body, dict):
+        return 400, {'error': 'the body must be a JSON object'}
+    try:
+        if body.get('folder') is True:
+            vpnrouter_sites.make_folder(target)
+            return 201, {'path': vpnrouter_sites.relative_of(name, target), 'folder': True}
+        if isinstance(body.get('rename'), str):
+            moved = vpnrouter_sites.rename(name, target, body['rename'])
+            return 200, {'path': vpnrouter_sites.relative_of(name, moved)}
+    except vpnrouter_sites.Failure as failure:
+        return SITE_STATUS.get(failure.status, 500), {'error': str(failure)}
+    except OSError as exc:
+        return 500, {'error': f'{exc.filename or target.name}: {exc.strerror}'}
+    return 400, {'error': 'give {"folder": true} or {"rename": "<path>"}'}
+
+
+def site_files(handler, name, relative, query, payload, send_body):
+    """Answer a request of a site's files the Handler handler received: the HTTP status and the JSON document, or None
+    once a file was sent.
+
+      GET    /sites/<name>/files/<path>   a folder: {"path", "entries": [{name, folder, size, modified}]}; a file:
+                                          the file itself, as an attachment
+      PUT    /sites/<name>/files/<path>   write the body to the file, its folders created; with unzip=true the body
+                                          is a zip archive extracted into the folder of the path: {"path", "files"}
+      POST   /sites/<name>/files/<path>   {"folder": true} creates the folder, {"rename": "<path>"} moves it
+      DELETE /sites/<name>/files/<path>   remove the file or folder
+
+    The body of a PUT needs a Content-Length of at most sites.upload_max_mb MiB.
+    """
+    try:
+        target = vpnrouter_sites.resolve(name, urllib.parse.unquote(relative))
+        if handler.command in ('GET', 'HEAD'):
+            if target.is_dir():
+                return 200, vpnrouter_sites.entries(name, target)
+            if not target.is_file():
+                return 404, {'error': f'{relative} does not exist'}
+            with open(target, 'rb') as handle:
+                size = os.fstat(handle.fileno()).st_size
+                try:
+                    handler.send_response(200)
+                    handler.send_header('Content-Type', mimetypes.guess_type(target.name)[0] or 'application/octet-stream')
+                    handler.send_header('Content-Length', str(size))
+                    handler.send_header('Content-Disposition',
+                                        f"attachment; filename*=UTF-8''{urllib.parse.quote(target.name)}")
+                    handler.send_header('Cache-Control', 'no-store')
+                    handler.end_headers()
+                    if send_body:
+                        shutil.copyfileobj(handle, handler.wfile, vpnrouter_sites.CHUNK)
+                except ConnectionError:
+                    # The client went away before the file was sent.
+                    handler.close_connection = True
+            return None
+        if handler.command == 'PUT':
+            length = handler.headers.get('Content-Length')
+            if not length or not length.isdigit():
+                return 411, {'error': 'the body needs a Content-Length'}
+            limit = vpnrouter.load_config()['sites']['upload_max_mb'] * MIB
+            if query.get('unzip', [''])[0] == 'true':
+                count = vpnrouter_sites.extract(handler.rfile, int(length), target, limit)
+                return 200, {'path': vpnrouter_sites.relative_of(name, target), 'files': count}
+            vpnrouter_sites.receive(handler.rfile, int(length), target, limit)
+            return 200, {'path': vpnrouter_sites.relative_of(name, target), 'files': 1}
+        if handler.command == 'POST':
+            return site_file_action(name, target, payload)
+        if handler.command == 'DELETE':
+            if not target.exists() and not target.is_symlink():
+                return 404, {'error': f'{relative} does not exist'}
+            vpnrouter_sites.delete(name, target)
+            return 200, {'path': vpnrouter_sites.relative_of(name, target), 'removed': True}
+    except vpnrouter_sites.Failure as failure:
+        return SITE_STATUS.get(failure.status, 500), {'error': str(failure)}
+    except OSError as exc:
+        return 500, {'error': f'{exc.filename or relative}: {exc.strerror}'}
+    except SystemExit as exc:
+        return 500, {'error': str(exc.code)}
+    return 405, {'error': f'{handler.command} is not allowed on a site\'s files'}

debian-package/src/usr/lib/vpn-router/vpnrouter_web/status.py

@@ -0,0 +1,325 @@
+"""The status of the router: / for people, /status, /status/full, /config and /postgresql, with the cache of the
+status that the requests of CACHE_SECONDS share (cached)."""
+
+import json
+import threading
+import time
+from html import escape
+
+import vpnrouter
+from vpnrouter_status import established, established_each, openvpn_clients, run, swanctl, wireguard_peers
+
+from .common import current, unit_state
+
+#: Seconds a collected status is answered again.
+CACHE_SECONDS = 2
+
+TAILWIND = 'https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/@tailwindcss/browser@4'
+
+#: Seconds after which the status page in a browser reloads itself.
+REFRESH_SECONDS = 60
+
+#: The PostgreSQL settings /config shows for each cluster.
+POSTGRESQL_SETTINGS = ('server_version', 'listen_addresses', 'port', 'max_connections', 'shared_buffers',
+                       'effective_cache_size', 'work_mem', 'password_encryption', 'ssl', 'timezone')
+
+_cache = {'at': 0.0, 'data': None}
+
+_lock = threading.Lock()
+
+
+def package_version(package='vpn-router'):
+    """The installed version of the package, or None when it is not installed."""
+    result = run('dpkg-query', '-W', '-f=${Version}', package)
+    return (result.stdout.strip() or None) if result and result.returncode == 0 else None
+
+
+def docker_status():
+    """Whether Docker is installed, and the state of its service and of the Docker rules when it is."""
+    result = run('systemctl', 'list-unit-files', '--no-legend', 'docker.service')
+    if result is None or result.returncode != 0 or not result.stdout.strip():
+        return {'installed': False}
+    return {
+        'installed': True,
+        'service': unit_state('docker.service'),
+        'rules': unit_state('vpn-router-docker.service'),
+    }
+
+
+def postgresql_clusters():
+    """The state of each PostgreSQL cluster unit (postgresql@<version>-<name>), or {'postgresql': 'no cluster'} without one.
+
+    postgresql.service, which only runs /bin/true, is not reported.
+    """
+    lines = lines_of('systemctl', 'list-units', 'postgresql@*.service', '--all', '--plain', '--no-legend') or []
+    names = [line.split()[0].removesuffix('.service') for line in lines if line.strip()]
+    return {name: unit_state(f'{name}.service') for name in names} or {'postgresql': 'no cluster'}
+
+
+def collect(state):
+    """The status document. state says which features the router has."""
+    units = {'vpn-router-setup': unit_state('vpn-router-setup.service'), 'slapd': unit_state('slapd.service'),
+             **postgresql_clusters()}
+    manager_version = package_version('vpn-router-manager')
+    if manager_version:
+        units['vpn-router-manager'] = unit_state('vpn-router-manager.service')
+    if state.get('site_to_site') or state.get('p2s'):
+        units['strongswan'] = unit_state('strongswan.service')
+    if state.get('wireguard'):
+        units['wg-quick@wg0'] = unit_state('wg-quick@wg0.service')
+    if state.get('openvpn'):
+        units['openvpn-server@vpn-router'] = unit_state('openvpn-server@vpn-router.service')
+
+    status = {
+        'status': 'ok' if all(value == 'active' for value in units.values()) else 'degraded',
+        'version': package_version(),
+        'manager_version': manager_version,
+        'time': time.strftime('%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S%z'),
+        'units': units,
+        'docker': docker_status(),
+    }
+    names = state.get('site_to_site')
+    if isinstance(names, list) and names:
+        counts = established_each(names).values()
+        status['site_to_site'] = {'connections': len(names),
+                                  'established': None if None in counts else sum(1 for count in counts if count)}
+    if state.get('p2s'):
+        status['p2s'] = {'clients': established('road-warrior')}
+    if state.get('wireguard'):
+        status['wireguard'] = {'peers': wireguard_peers()}
+    if state.get('openvpn'):
+        status['openvpn'] = {'clients': openvpn_clients()}
+    return status
+
+
+def shown(status, content, client):
+    """The status document as web.status_content shows it to the client at its address.
+
+    Every content has status, time and client_ip, the client's address, and content, which one it is: basic nothing
+    more; standard adds version, manager_version and services, the number of active units and of units in every
+    other state; full adds the whole status document of collect. Content that is not one of
+    vpnrouter.STATUS_CONTENTS, or not set, is basic.
+    """
+    if content not in vpnrouter.STATUS_CONTENTS:
+        content = 'basic'
+    if content == 'full':
+        return {**status, 'content': content, 'client_ip': client}
+    document = {'status': status['status'], 'content': content, 'time': status['time'], 'client_ip': client}
+    if content == 'standard':
+        active = sum(1 for value in status['units'].values() if value == 'active')
+        document.update(version=status['version'], manager_version=status['manager_version'],
+                        services={'active': active, 'failed': len(status['units']) - active})
+    return document
+
+
+def lines_of(*args):
+    """The output lines of a command, or None when it fails."""
+    result = run(*args)
+    return result.stdout.splitlines() if result and result.returncode == 0 else None
+
+
+def routes():
+    """The IPv4 routes as ip -j prints them, or None when ip fails."""
+    result = run('ip', '-j', '-4', 'route', 'show')
+    if result is None or result.returncode != 0:
+        return None
+    try:
+        return json.loads(result.stdout)
+    except ValueError:
+        return None
+
+
+def wireguard_details():
+    """The interface and the peers of wg0, with endpoints and allowed IPs; no private or preshared key."""
+    result = run('wg', 'show', 'wg0', 'dump')
+    if result is None or result.returncode != 0:
+        return None
+    rows = [line.split('\t') for line in result.stdout.splitlines()]
+    now = int(time.time())
+    return {
+        'public_key': rows[0][1] if rows and len(rows[0]) > 2 else None,
+        'listen_port': int(rows[0][2]) if rows and len(rows[0]) > 2 else None,
+        'peers': [{
+            'public_key': row[0],
+            'endpoint': None if row[2] == '(none)' else row[2],
+            'allowed_ips': row[3].split(','),
+            'handshake_seconds_ago': now - int(row[4]) if int(row[4]) else None,
+            'received_bytes': int(row[5]),
+            'sent_bytes': int(row[6]),
+        } for row in rows[1:] if len(row) >= 7],
+    }
+
+
+def postgresql_query(cluster, sql):
+    """The JSON value an SQL statement answers on a cluster (version/name), run by psql as postgres, or None when it fails."""
+    result = run('runuser', '-u', 'postgres', '--', 'psql', '--cluster', cluster, '-X', '-q', '-t', '-A',
+                 '-v', 'ON_ERROR_STOP=1', '-d', 'postgres', '-c', sql)
+    if result is None or result.returncode != 0:
+        return None
+    try:
+        return json.loads(result.stdout)
+    except ValueError:
+        return None
+
+
+def postgresql_clusters_of():
+    """The PostgreSQL clusters of pg_lsclusters, each with version, name, port, status and data_directory, or None when it fails."""
+    lines = lines_of('pg_lsclusters', '--no-header')
+    if lines is None:
+        return None
+    clusters = []
+    for line in lines:
+        fields = line.split()
+        if len(fields) >= 6:
+            clusters.append({'version': fields[0], 'name': fields[1], 'port': int(fields[2]) if fields[2].isdigit() else None,
+                             'status': fields[3], 'data_directory': fields[5]})
+    return clusters
+
+
+def postgresql_configuration():
+    """The PostgreSQL clusters on the router with the settings of POSTGRESQL_SETTINGS of each one that is online (None
+    for one that is not), or None when pg_lsclusters fails."""
+    clusters = postgresql_clusters_of()
+    if clusters is None:
+        return None
+    names = ', '.join(f"'{name}'" for name in POSTGRESQL_SETTINGS)
+    for cluster in clusters:
+        cluster['settings'] = postgresql_query(
+            f"{cluster['version']}/{cluster['name']}",
+            f'SELECT json_object_agg(name, current_setting(name) ORDER BY name) FROM pg_settings WHERE name IN ({names})',
+        ) if cluster['status'].startswith('online') else None
+    return {'clusters': clusters}
+
+
+def postgresql_databases():
+    """What /postgresql shows: the PostgreSQL clusters on the router, each with its databases (name, owner, encoding and
+    size in bytes) and their total size, None for a cluster that is not online; clusters is None when pg_lsclusters fails."""
+    clusters = postgresql_clusters_of()
+    if clusters is None:
+        return {'clusters': None}
+    for cluster in clusters:
+        databases = postgresql_query(
+            f"{cluster['version']}/{cluster['name']}",
+            "SELECT coalesce(json_agg(json_build_object('name', datname, 'owner', pg_get_userbyid(datdba), "
+            "'encoding', pg_encoding_to_char(encoding), 'size', pg_database_size(oid)) ORDER BY datname), '[]') "
+            'FROM pg_database',
+        ) if cluster['status'].startswith('online') else None
+        cluster['databases'] = databases
+        cluster['size'] = sum(database['size'] for database in databases) if isinstance(databases, list) else None
+    return {'clusters': clusters}
+
+
+def details(state):
+    """What /config shows: the configuration without its secrets, and what the router resolved and runs; caddy is the
+    installed Caddy, {version, source, service}, service the state of caddy.service, null when it is not installed; oidc
+    is {enabled, issuer} of the OpenID Provider, issuer null while it is disabled."""
+    configuration = state.get('configuration', {})
+    caddy = package_version('caddy')
+    oidc = configuration.get('oidc', {}).get('enabled') is True
+    return {
+        'configuration': configuration,
+        'network': dict(state.get('network', {}), routes=routes()),
+        'ipsec': {
+            'connections': swanctl('--list-conns'),
+            'sas': swanctl('--list-sas'),
+        },
+        'wireguard': wireguard_details(),
+        'docker': {
+            'exposed_ports': configuration.get('docker', {}).get('exposed_ports', []),
+            'rules': lines_of('iptables', '-S', 'VPN-ROUTER-DOCKER'),
+        },
+        'postgresql': postgresql_configuration(),
+        # Caddy is upstream's once its repository is configured (vpn-router-caddy).
+        'caddy': {'version': caddy, 'source': 'upstream' if vpnrouter.CADDY_APT_SOURCE.is_file() else 'ubuntu',
+                  'service': unit_state('caddy.service')} if caddy else None,
+        'oidc': {'enabled': oidc, 'issuer': vpnrouter.oidc_issuer(configuration) if oidc else None},
+    }
+
+
+def text_of(status):
+    """The status document of shown for people, as plain text: a header, a blank line, then name: value lines."""
+    lines = ['VPN Router', f'Status: {status["status"]}']
+    if 'version' in status:
+        lines.append(f'Version: {status["version"] or "unknown"}')
+    lines += ['', f'Client IP: {status["client_ip"]}']
+    if 'manager_version' in status:
+        lines.append(f'Router Manager: {status["manager_version"] or "not installed"}')
+    if 'services' in status:
+        lines.append(f'Services: {status["services"]["active"]} active, {status["services"]["failed"]} failed')
+    lines += [f'{name}: {value}' for name, value in status.get('units', {}).items()]
+    if 'docker' in status:
+        docker = status['docker']
+        lines.append('Docker: not installed' if not docker['installed']
+                     else f'Docker: installed, service {docker["service"]}, rules {docker["rules"]}')
+    if 'site_to_site' in status:
+        established, connections = status['site_to_site']['established'], status['site_to_site']['connections']
+        lines.append(f'Site to site: {"unknown" if established is None else established} of {connections} established')
+    if 'p2s' in status:
+        clients = status['p2s']['clients']
+        lines.append(f'IKEv2: {"unknown" if clients is None else f"{clients} connected"}')
+    if 'openvpn' in status:
+        clients = status['openvpn']['clients']
+        lines.append(f'OpenVPN: {"unknown" if clients is None else f"{clients} connected"}')
+    if 'wireguard' in status:
+        peers = status['wireguard']['peers']
+        if peers is None:
+            lines.append('WireGuard: down')
+        else:
+            lines.append(f'WireGuard: {len(peers)} peers')
+            for number, peer in enumerate(peers, 1):
+                age = peer['handshake_seconds_ago']
+                lines.append(f'  peer {number}: {"no handshake yet" if age is None else f"handshake {age} s ago"}, '
+                             f'received {peer["received_bytes"]} B, sent {peer["sent_bytes"]} B')
+    return '\n'.join(lines) + '\n'
+
+
+def html_of(status):
+    """The status document of shown for a browser, as a page styled with Tailwind CSS."""
+    colour = 'bg-emerald-600 dark:bg-emerald-700' if status['status'] == 'ok' else 'bg-amber-600 dark:bg-amber-700'
+    version = f', version {status["version"] or "unknown"}' if 'version' in status else ''
+    # Each "name: value" line after the header of the text is a row; indented lines, such as WireGuard peers, are indented here too.
+    rows = []
+    for line in text_of(status).split('\n\n', 1)[1].splitlines():
+        if not line:
+            continue
+        name, _, value = line.partition(': ')
+        indent = ' pl-8' if line.startswith(' ') else ''
+        rows.append(f'<tr class="border-t border-slate-200 first:border-t-0 dark:border-slate-700">'
+                    f'<th class="py-2 pr-4{indent} text-left font-medium text-slate-600 dark:text-slate-300">{escape(name.strip())}</th>'
+                    f'<td class="py-2">{escape(value)}</td></tr>')
+    body = ''.join(rows)
+    return f"""<!doctype html>
+<html lang="en">
+  <head>
+    <meta charset="utf-8">
+    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
+    <meta name="color-scheme" content="light dark">
+    <meta http-equiv="refresh" content="{REFRESH_SECONDS}">
+    <title>VPN Router</title>
+    <script src="{TAILWIND}"></script>
+  </head>
+  <body class="min-h-screen bg-slate-100 text-slate-900 dark:bg-slate-900 dark:text-slate-100">
+    <div class="mx-auto max-w-2xl px-4 py-10">
+      <div class="overflow-hidden rounded-2xl border border-slate-200 bg-white shadow-lg dark:border-slate-700 dark:bg-slate-800">
+        <div class="{colour} px-6 py-4 text-white">
+          <h1 class="text-xl font-semibold">VPN Router</h1>
+          <p class="mt-1 text-sm">Status: {escape(status['status'] + version)}</p>
+        </div>
+        <div class="px-6 py-4">
+          <table class="w-full text-sm"><tbody>{body}</tbody></table>
+        </div>
+        <p class="px-6 pb-6 text-xs text-slate-500 dark:text-slate-400">{escape(status['time'])} - <a class="underline" href="/status">JSON</a></p>
+      </div>
+    </div>
+  </body>
+</html>
+"""
+
+
+def cached():
+    """The status of collect, collected again when it is older than CACHE_SECONDS."""
+    with _lock:
+        if _cache['data'] is None or time.monotonic() - _cache['at'] > CACHE_SECONDS:
+            _cache['data'] = collect(current())
+            _cache['at'] = time.monotonic()
+        return _cache['data']

debian-package/src/usr/lib/vpn-router/wait-for-libpq

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 #!/bin/sh
 # Wait until libpq is in the dynamic linker cache, where psycopg looks it up.
-# ExecStartPre= of vpn-router-web.service; TimeoutStartSec= of the unit bounds the wait.
+# ExecStartPre= of vpn-router-setup.service, vpn-router-web.service and vpn-router-metrics.service;
+# TimeoutStartSec= of the unit bounds the wait.
 
 reported=
 until ldconfig -p | grep -q '^[[:space:]]*libpq\.so\.5 '; do

debian-package/src/usr/lib/vpn-router/web

@@ -4,38 +4,10 @@
 Run by vpn-router-web.service. Users are managed with vpnrouter_users, the module that
 vpn-router-user uses too.
 
-Pages:
-  /        the status for people: plain text for curl and wget, a styled page
-           (Tailwind CSS from a CDN) for a browser
-  /status  the status as JSON
-  /config  the configuration without its secrets, and what the router resolved and
-           runs, as JSON
-  /users   the users in the router's directory, whether or not a P2S system is enabled: list,
-           add, change, set the password, disable, enable, remove, the OpenVPN client
-           profile, and TOTP enrolment (see users())
-  /groups  the groups of the router's directory: list, add, rename or describe, remove, and
-           add and take out members (see groups())
-  /account the account of the signed-in user: its details, its password and its TOTP
-           enrolment (see account())
-  /auth    sign-in with a user's password and TOTP code, refresh and sign-out (see auth())
+The paths it serves and the modules that answer them are described in the package vpnrouter_web.
 
-/config, /users, /groups and /account need an HS256 JWT in an Authorization: Bearer header signed
-with vpnrouter_auth.WEB_KEY (see vpnrouter_auth.verify). A token of /auth names a user in sub;
-/account serves that user, and the other paths need a member of vpnrouter_users.ADMIN_GROUP. A
-token of vpn-router-token has the admin claim and names no user; it may call every path but
-/account, and only such a token may change ADMIN_GROUP: create, rename to it, change, remove it,
-add or take out its members, and remove one of its members. These paths and /auth are not
-served (404) while the key does not exist. /auth is limited to AUTH_LIMIT calls per client
-address in AUTH_WINDOW seconds; the address of a call from one of web.trusted_proxies, by
-default the address the call came in on, is the last entry of its X-Forwarded-For header.
-
-/ and /status show only the status: whether the services run, the package version and the
-installed version of vpn-router-manager (manager_version, null when it is not installed), whether
-Docker is installed, and the state of site-to-site, road-warrior (IPsec P2S), OpenVPN and
-WireGuard. No configuration data, key or address is shown.
-
-The service first initializes, without listening: it makes the signing key and the refresh
-tokens' database (vpnrouter_auth), retrying every INIT_RETRY_SECONDS until both are ready and
+The service first initializes, without listening: it makes the signing key, the OpenID Provider's key
+(vpnrouter_oidc), the refresh tokens' database (vpnrouter_auth) and the web sites' database (vpnrouter_sites), retrying every INIT_RETRY_SECONDS until all are ready and
 logging each failure. Then it listens. Its unit starts it only once wait-for-libpq has found libpq
 in the linker cache, where psycopg looks it up.
 
@@ -50,29 +22,23 @@ key, the configuration, and the features of the router and the facts shown by /c
 the router has no features, and /config shows no configuration or interfaces.
 """
 
-import collections
-import json
 import os
 import signal
-import subprocess
 import sys
 import threading
 import time
-from html import escape
-from http.server import BaseHTTPRequestHandler
 
 sys.path.insert(0, os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__)))
 
-import ldap
-
 import vpnrouter
 import vpnrouter_auth
 import vpnrouter_net
+import vpnrouter_oidc
 import vpnrouter_serve
-import vpnrouter_users
-
-STATE_FILE = '/run/vpn-router/web.json'
-CONFIG_FILE = '/etc/vpn-router/vpn-router.json'
+import vpnrouter_sites
+from vpnrouter_web.common import CONFIG_FILE, log, read_json
+from vpnrouter_web.handler import Handler
+from vpnrouter_web.shell import editor_listen
 
 #: Seconds between two attempts of the initialization.
 INIT_RETRY_SECONDS = 15
@@ -82,702 +48,11 @@ DEFAULT_PORT = 7081
 
 #: Seconds between two discoveries of where the service should listen.
 DISCOVERY_SECONDS = 30
-COMMAND_TIMEOUT = 5
-CACHE_SECONDS = 2
-
-#: The calls of /auth allowed per client address in AUTH_WINDOW seconds.
-AUTH_LIMIT = 10
-AUTH_WINDOW = 60
-
-TAILWIND = 'https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/@tailwindcss/browser@4'
-
-#: Seconds after which the status page in a browser reloads itself.
-REFRESH_SECONDS = 60
-
-OPENVPN_STATUS = '/run/openvpn-server/status-vpn-router.log'
-
-#: The largest request body accepted, in bytes.
-BODY_LIMIT = 4096
-
-#: The HTTP status for each status of a vpnrouter_users.Failure; any other is 500.
-USER_STATUS = {2: 400, 3: 404, 4: 409, 5: 401}
-
-_cache = {'at': 0.0, 'data': None}
-_lock = threading.Lock()
-
-#: The times of the recent /auth calls of each client address.
-_auth_calls = collections.defaultdict(collections.deque)
-_auth_lock = threading.Lock()
-
-
-def read_json(path):
-    """The object in a JSON file, or {} when the file is missing or holds no object."""
-    try:
-        with open(path, encoding='utf-8') as handle:
-            data = json.load(handle)
-    except (OSError, ValueError):
-        return {}
-    return data if isinstance(data, dict) else {}
-
-
-def section(configuration, name):
-    """A section of the configuration, or {} when it is missing or not an object."""
-    value = configuration.get(name)
-    return value if isinstance(value, dict) else {}
-
-
-def current():
-    """What a request needs, read now: the features and facts setup resolved, and the signing key.
-
-    Before setup has run the router has no features, and without a key the protected paths and
-    /auth are not served.
-    """
-    return dict(read_json(STATE_FILE), key=vpnrouter_auth.key())
-
-
-def run(*args):
-    """The finished process of a command, or None when it cannot be run."""
-    try:
-        return subprocess.run(args, capture_output=True, text=True, timeout=COMMAND_TIMEOUT)
-    except (OSError, subprocess.TimeoutExpired):
-        return None
-
-
-def unit_state(unit):
-    result = run('systemctl', 'is-active', unit)
-    return result.stdout.strip() if result and result.stdout.strip() else 'unknown'
-
-
-def package_version(package='vpn-router'):
-    """The installed version of the package, or None when it is not installed."""
-    result = run('dpkg-query', '-W', '-f=${Version}', package)
-    return (result.stdout.strip() or None) if result and result.returncode == 0 else None
-
-
-def docker_status():
-    """Whether Docker is installed, and the state of its service and of the Docker rules when it is."""
-    result = run('systemctl', 'list-unit-files', '--no-legend', 'docker.service')
-    if result is None or result.returncode != 0 or not result.stdout.strip():
-        return {'installed': False}
-    return {
-        'installed': True,
-        'service': unit_state('docker.service'),
-        'rules': unit_state('vpn-router-docker.service'),
-    }
-
-
-def swanctl(command):
-    """The entries of a swanctl list command, or None when swanctl cannot be asked.
-
-    The --pretty output has one item per line: "name {" opens a section, "key = [" a list
-    whose items follow one per line, "}" and "]" close them, and "key = value" is a pair
-    whose value may contain spaces. Every "... event {" section at the top holds one
-    connection or SA; each becomes an entry with its name under "name". The closing
-    "... reply {" section is left out. Values stay strings, as swanctl prints them.
-    Output with more closing than opening lines gives None.
-    """
-    result = run('swanctl', command, '--pretty')
-    if result is None or result.returncode != 0:
-        return None
-    events = []
-    stack = []
-    for line in result.stdout.splitlines():
-        line = line.strip()
-        if not line:
-            continue
-        if line in ('}', ']'):
-            if not stack:
-                return None
-            stack.pop()
-        elif not stack:
-            section = {}
-            if line.endswith(' event {'):
-                events.append(section)
-            stack.append(section)
-        elif isinstance(stack[-1], list):
-            stack[-1].append(line)
-        elif line.endswith(' {'):
-            stack[-1][line[:-2]] = section = {}
-            stack.append(section)
-        elif line.endswith(' = ['):
-            stack[-1][line[:-4]] = items = []
-            stack.append(items)
-        else:
-            key, _, value = line.partition(' = ')
-            stack[-1][key] = value
-    return [dict(body, name=name) for event in events for name, body in event.items()]
-
-
-def established(connection):
-    """The number of established IKE SAs of the connection, or None when swanctl cannot be asked."""
-    sas = swanctl('--list-sas')
-    if sas is None:
-        return None
-    return sum(1 for sa in sas if sa['name'] == connection and sa.get('state') == 'ESTABLISHED')
-
-
-def wireguard_peers():
-    """One entry per WireGuard peer, with its handshake age and traffic, or None when wg0 is down."""
-    result = run('wg', 'show', 'wg0', 'dump')
-    if result is None or result.returncode != 0:
-        return None
-    now = int(time.time())
-    peers = []
-    for line in result.stdout.splitlines()[1:]:
-        fields = line.split('\t')
-        if len(fields) < 7:
-            continue
-        handshake = int(fields[4])
-        peers.append({
-            'handshake_seconds_ago': now - handshake if handshake else None,
-            'received_bytes': int(fields[5]),
-            'sent_bytes': int(fields[6]),
-        })
-    return peers
-
-
-def openvpn_clients():
-    """The number of connected OpenVPN clients, from the server's status file, or None when it cannot be read."""
-    try:
-        with open(OPENVPN_STATUS, encoding='utf-8') as handle:
-            return sum(1 for line in handle if line.startswith('CLIENT_LIST,'))
-    except OSError:
-        return None
-
-
-def postgresql_clusters():
-    """The state of each PostgreSQL cluster unit (postgresql@<version>-<name>), or {'postgresql': 'no cluster'} without one.
-
-    postgresql.service, which only runs /bin/true, is not reported.
-    """
-    lines = lines_of('systemctl', 'list-units', 'postgresql@*.service', '--all', '--plain', '--no-legend') or []
-    names = [line.split()[0].removesuffix('.service') for line in lines if line.strip()]
-    return {name: unit_state(f'{name}.service') for name in names} or {'postgresql': 'no cluster'}
-
-
-def collect(state):
-    """The status document. state says which features the router has."""
-    units = {'vpn-router-setup': unit_state('vpn-router-setup.service'), 'slapd': unit_state('slapd.service'),
-             **postgresql_clusters()}
-    manager_version = package_version('vpn-router-manager')
-    if manager_version:
-        units['vpn-router-manager'] = unit_state('vpn-router-manager.service')
-    if state.get('site_to_site') or state.get('p2s'):
-        units['strongswan'] = unit_state('strongswan.service')
-    if state.get('wireguard'):
-        units['wg-quick@wg0'] = unit_state('wg-quick@wg0.service')
-    if state.get('openvpn'):
-        units['openvpn-server@vpn-router'] = unit_state('openvpn-server@vpn-router.service')
-
-    status = {
-        'status': 'ok' if all(value == 'active' for value in units.values()) else 'degraded',
-        'version': package_version(),
-        'manager_version': manager_version,
-        'time': time.strftime('%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S%z'),
-        'units': units,
-        'docker': docker_status(),
-    }
-    if state.get('site_to_site'):
-        count = established('remote-site')
-        status['site_to_site'] = {'established': None if count is None else count > 0}
-    if state.get('p2s'):
-        status['p2s'] = {'clients': established('road-warrior')}
-    if state.get('wireguard'):
-        status['wireguard'] = {'peers': wireguard_peers()}
-    if state.get('openvpn'):
-        status['openvpn'] = {'clients': openvpn_clients()}
-    return status
-
-
-def lines_of(*args):
-    """The output lines of a command, or None when it fails."""
-    result = run(*args)
-    return result.stdout.splitlines() if result and result.returncode == 0 else None
-
-
-def routes():
-    """The IPv4 routes as ip -j prints them, or None when ip fails."""
-    result = run('ip', '-j', '-4', 'route', 'show')
-    if result is None or result.returncode != 0:
-        return None
-    try:
-        return json.loads(result.stdout)
-    except ValueError:
-        return None
-
-
-def wireguard_details():
-    """The interface and the peers of wg0, with endpoints and allowed IPs; no private or preshared key."""
-    result = run('wg', 'show', 'wg0', 'dump')
-    if result is None or result.returncode != 0:
-        return None
-    rows = [line.split('\t') for line in result.stdout.splitlines()]
-    now = int(time.time())
-    return {
-        'public_key': rows[0][1] if rows and len(rows[0]) > 2 else None,
-        'listen_port': int(rows[0][2]) if rows and len(rows[0]) > 2 else None,
-        'peers': [{
-            'public_key': row[0],
-            'endpoint': None if row[2] == '(none)' else row[2],
-            'allowed_ips': row[3].split(','),
-            'handshake_seconds_ago': now - int(row[4]) if int(row[4]) else None,
-            'received_bytes': int(row[5]),
-            'sent_bytes': int(row[6]),
-        } for row in rows[1:] if len(row) >= 7],
-    }
-
-
-def details(state):
-    """What /config shows: the configuration without its secrets, and what the router resolved and runs."""
-    configuration = state.get('configuration', {})
-    return {
-        'configuration': configuration,
-        'network': dict(state.get('network', {}), routes=routes()),
-        'ipsec': {
-            'connections': swanctl('--list-conns'),
-            'sas': swanctl('--list-sas'),
-        },
-        'wireguard': wireguard_details(),
-        'docker': {
-            'exposed_ports': configuration.get('docker', {}).get('exposed_ports', []),
-            'rules': lines_of('iptables', '-S', 'VPN-ROUTER-DOCKER'),
-        },
-    }
-
-
-def text_of(status):
-    """The status for people, as plain text."""
-    lines = ['VPN Router', f'Status: {status["status"]}', f'Version: {status["version"] or "unknown"}', '']
-    lines.append(f'Router Manager: {status["manager_version"] or "not installed"}')
-    lines += [f'{name}: {value}' for name, value in status['units'].items()]
-    docker = status['docker']
-    lines.append('Docker: not installed' if not docker['installed']
-                 else f'Docker: installed, service {docker["service"]}, rules {docker["rules"]}')
-    if 'site_to_site' in status:
-        value = status['site_to_site']['established']
-        lines.append(f'Site to site: {"unknown" if value is None else "established" if value else "not established"}')
-    if 'p2s' in status:
-        clients = status['p2s']['clients']
-        lines.append(f'Road-warrior (IPsec P2S): {"unknown" if clients is None else f"{clients} connected"}')
-    if 'openvpn' in status:
-        clients = status['openvpn']['clients']
-        lines.append(f'OpenVPN: {"unknown" if clients is None else f"{clients} connected"}')
-    if 'wireguard' in status:
-        peers = status['wireguard']['peers']
-        if peers is None:
-            lines.append('WireGuard: down')
-        else:
-            lines.append(f'WireGuard: {len(peers)} peers')
-            for number, peer in enumerate(peers, 1):
-                age = peer['handshake_seconds_ago']
-                lines.append(f'  peer {number}: {"no handshake yet" if age is None else f"handshake {age} s ago"}, '
-                             f'received {peer["received_bytes"]} B, sent {peer["sent_bytes"]} B')
-    return '\n'.join(lines) + '\n'
-
-
-def html_of(status):
-    """The status for a browser, as a page styled with Tailwind CSS."""
-    colour = 'bg-emerald-600 dark:bg-emerald-700' if status['status'] == 'ok' else 'bg-amber-600 dark:bg-amber-700'
-    # Each "name: value" line of the text is a row; indented lines, such as WireGuard peers, are indented here too.
-    rows = []
-    for line in text_of(status).splitlines()[4:]:
-        if not line:
-            continue
-        name, _, value = line.partition(': ')
-        indent = ' pl-8' if line.startswith(' ') else ''
-        rows.append(f'<tr class="border-t border-slate-200 first:border-t-0 dark:border-slate-700">'
-                    f'<th class="py-2 pr-4{indent} text-left font-medium text-slate-600 dark:text-slate-300">{escape(name.strip())}</th>'
-                    f'<td class="py-2">{escape(value)}</td></tr>')
-    body = ''.join(rows)
-    return f"""<!doctype html>
-<html lang="en">
-  <head>
-    <meta charset="utf-8">
-    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
-    <meta name="color-scheme" content="light dark">
-    <meta http-equiv="refresh" content="{REFRESH_SECONDS}">
-    <title>VPN Router</title>
-    <script src="{TAILWIND}"></script>
-  </head>
-  <body class="min-h-screen bg-slate-100 text-slate-900 dark:bg-slate-900 dark:text-slate-100">
-    <div class="mx-auto max-w-2xl px-4 py-10">
-      <div class="overflow-hidden rounded-2xl border border-slate-200 bg-white shadow-lg dark:border-slate-700 dark:bg-slate-800">
-        <div class="{colour} px-6 py-4 text-white">
-          <h1 class="text-xl font-semibold">VPN Router</h1>
-          <p class="mt-1 text-sm">Status: {escape(status['status'])}, version {escape(status['version'] or 'unknown')}</p>
-        </div>
-        <div class="px-6 py-4">
-          <table class="w-full text-sm"><tbody>{body}</tbody></table>
-        </div>
-        <p class="px-6 pb-6 text-xs text-slate-500 dark:text-slate-400">{escape(status['time'])} - <a class="underline" href="/status">JSON</a></p>
-      </div>
-    </div>
-  </body>
-</html>
-"""
-
-
-def users(state, method, path, body):
-    """Answer a /users request with vpnrouter_users: the HTTP status and the JSON document.
-
-      GET    /users                   the users
-      POST   /users                   add a user: {"name", "password", "first_name", "last_name", "email"};
-                                      without the last three a Manager-only account
-      PUT    /users/<name>            change any of {"first_name", "last_name", "email"}
-      PUT    /users/<name>/password   set the password: {"password": ...}
-      POST   /users/<name>/disable    lock the user out of OpenVPN
-      POST   /users/<name>/enable     let the user in again
-      POST   /users/<name>/unlock     end a lockout after failed logins
-      DELETE /users/<name>            remove the user and revoke the certificate
-      GET    /users/<name>/profile    the OpenVPN client profile
-      POST   /users/<name>/otp        a new TOTP secret and its otpauth URI; nothing is stored
-      PUT    /users/<name>/otp        store a TOTP secret: {"secret", "code"}, code a code of the secret
-      DELETE /users/<name>/otp        remove the TOTP token
-    """
-    if body == 'invalid' or (body is not None and not isinstance(body, dict)):
-        return 400, {'error': 'the body must be a JSON object'}
-    body = body or {}
-    parts = path.strip('/').split('/')
-    route = (method, len(parts), parts[2] if len(parts) == 3 else None)
-    name = parts[1] if len(parts) > 1 else None
-    actions = {
-        ('GET', 1, None): lambda connection: vpnrouter_users.list_users(connection),
-        ('POST', 1, None): lambda connection: vpnrouter_users.add(connection, body.get('name'), body.get('password'), body),
-        ('PUT', 2, None): lambda connection: vpnrouter_users.update(connection, name, body),
-        ('PUT', 3, 'password'): lambda connection: vpnrouter_users.passwd(connection, name, body.get('password')),
-        ('POST', 3, 'disable'): lambda connection: vpnrouter_users.disable(connection, name),
-        ('POST', 3, 'enable'): lambda connection: vpnrouter_users.enable(connection, name),
-        ('POST', 3, 'unlock'): lambda connection: vpnrouter_users.unlock(connection, name),
-        ('DELETE', 2, None): lambda connection: vpnrouter_users.remove(connection, name),
-        ('GET', 3, 'profile'): lambda connection: vpnrouter_users.profile(connection, name),
-        ('POST', 3, 'otp'): lambda connection: vpnrouter_users.otp_new(connection, name),
-        ('PUT', 3, 'otp'): lambda connection: vpnrouter_users.otp_enrol(connection, name, body.get('secret'), body.get('code')),
-        ('DELETE', 3, 'otp'): lambda connection: vpnrouter_users.otp_remove(connection, name),
-    }
-    # The vpnrouter_users operation of each route that may revoke refresh tokens.
-    operations = {('PUT', 3, 'password'): 'passwd', ('POST', 3, 'disable'): 'disable', ('POST', 3, 'unlock'): 'unlock',
-                  ('DELETE', 2, None): 'remove'}
-    if route not in actions:
-        return 404, {'error': f'no route {method} {path}'}
-    try:
-        with vpnrouter_users.session() as connection:
-            document = actions[route](connection)
-        if operations.get(route) in vpnrouter_auth.REVOKING:
-            vpnrouter_auth.revoke(vpnrouter.load_config(), name)
-    except vpnrouter_users.Failure as failure:
-        return USER_STATUS.get(failure.status, 500), {'error': str(failure)}
-    except (ldap.LDAPError, OSError) as exc:
-        return 500, {'error': f'the user directory failed: {exc}'}
-    except vpnrouter_auth.DatabaseError as exc:
-        return 500, {'error': str(exc)}
-    except SystemExit as exc:
-        # vpnrouter ends with SystemExit, carrying the reason, on a configuration it cannot read.
-        return 500, {'error': str(exc.code)}
-    return (201 if route == ('POST', 1, None) else 200), document
-
-
-def groups(state, method, path, body):
-    """Answer a /groups request with vpnrouter_users: the HTTP status and the JSON document.
-
-      GET    /groups                          the groups with their members
-      POST   /groups                          add a group: {"name", "members": [...], "description"?}
-      PUT    /groups/<name>                   rename it or change the description: {"name"?, "description"?}
-      DELETE /groups/<name>                   remove the group; its members are kept
-      POST   /groups/<name>/members           add a member: {"user": ...}
-      DELETE /groups/<name>/members/<user>    take a member out; the last member cannot leave
-    """
-    if body == 'invalid' or (body is not None and not isinstance(body, dict)):
-        return 400, {'error': 'the body must be a JSON object'}
-    body = body or {}
-    parts = path.strip('/').split('/')
-    name = parts[1] if len(parts) > 1 else None
-    route = (method, len(parts), parts[2] if len(parts) > 2 else None)
-    actions = {
-        ('GET', 1, None): lambda connection: vpnrouter_users.list_groups(connection),
-        ('POST', 1, None): lambda connection: vpnrouter_users.group_add(
-            connection, body.get('name'), body.get('description'), body.get('members')),
-        ('PUT', 2, None): lambda connection: vpnrouter_users.group_update(
-            connection, name, body.get('name'), body.get('description')),
-        ('DELETE', 2, None): lambda connection: vpnrouter_users.group_remove(connection, name),
-        ('POST', 3, 'members'): lambda connection: vpnrouter_users.group_member_add(connection, name, body.get('user')),
-        ('DELETE', 4, 'members'): lambda connection: vpnrouter_users.group_member_remove(connection, name, parts[3]),
-    }
-    if route not in actions:
-        return 404, {'error': f'no route {method} {path}'}
-    try:
-        with vpnrouter_users.session() as connection:
-            document = actions[route](connection)
-    except vpnrouter_users.Failure as failure:
-        return USER_STATUS.get(failure.status, 500), {'error': str(failure)}
-    except (ldap.LDAPError, OSError) as exc:
-        return 500, {'error': f'the user directory failed: {exc}'}
-    return (201 if route == ('POST', 1, None) else 200), document
-
-
-def account(name, method, path, body):
-    """Answer an /account request of the user named by the token with vpnrouter_users: the HTTP status and the JSON document.
-
-      GET  /account            the user, with admin, whether the user is a member of ADMIN_GROUP
-      PUT  /account/password   set the password: {"current_password", "current_code"?, "password"}
-      POST /account/otp        a new TOTP secret and its otpauth URI; nothing is stored
-      PUT  /account/otp        store a TOTP secret: {"current_password", "current_code"?, "secret", "code"},
-                               code a code of the secret
-
-    A change needs the current password and, for an enrolled user, a current code; a wrong one is 403 and counts as
-    a failed login. A password change revokes the user's refresh tokens.
-    """
-    if body == 'invalid' or (body is not None and not isinstance(body, dict)):
-        return 400, {'error': 'the body must be a JSON object'}
-    body = body or {}
-    route = (method, path.rstrip('/'))
-    if route not in (('GET', '/account'), ('PUT', '/account/password'), ('POST', '/account/otp'), ('PUT', '/account/otp')):
-        return 404, {'error': f'no route {method} {path}'}
-    try:
-        if route == ('PUT', '/account/password'):
-            vpnrouter_users.check_password(body.get('password'))
-        if method == 'PUT':
-            vpnrouter_users.login(name, body.get('current_password'), body.get('current_code'))
-        with vpnrouter_users.session() as connection:
-            if route == ('GET', '/account'):
-                document = {**vpnrouter_users.summary(vpnrouter_users.entry(connection, name)),
-                            'admin': vpnrouter_users.is_admin(connection, name)}
-            elif route == ('PUT', '/account/password'):
-                document = vpnrouter_users.passwd(connection, name, body['password'])
-            elif route == ('POST', '/account/otp'):
-                document = vpnrouter_users.otp_new(connection, name)
-            else:
-                document = vpnrouter_users.otp_enrol(connection, name, body.get('secret'), body.get('code'))
-        if route == ('PUT', '/account/password'):
-            vpnrouter_auth.revoke(vpnrouter.load_config(), name)
-    except vpnrouter_users.Failure as failure:
-        if failure.status == 5:
-            return 403, {'error': 'the current password or code is wrong'}
-        return USER_STATUS.get(failure.status, 500), {'error': str(failure)}
-    except (ldap.LDAPError, OSError) as exc:
-        return 500, {'error': f'the user directory failed: {exc}'}
-    except vpnrouter_auth.DatabaseError as exc:
-        return 500, {'error': str(exc)}
-    except SystemExit as exc:
-        return 500, {'error': str(exc.code)}
-    return 200, document
-
-
-def changes_admins(connection, method, parts, body):
-    """Whether a /users or /groups request creates, renames to, changes or removes ADMIN_GROUP, or removes a member of it."""
-    admins = vpnrouter_users.ADMIN_GROUP
-    if parts[0] == 'groups':
-        if method == 'POST' and len(parts) == 1:
-            return body.get('name') == admins
-        if method != 'GET' and len(parts) > 1 and parts[1] == admins:
-            return True
-        return method == 'PUT' and len(parts) == 2 and body.get('name') == admins
-    if parts[0] == 'users' and method == 'DELETE' and len(parts) == 2:
-        return admins in vpnrouter_users.groups_of(connection, parts[1])
-    return False
-
-
-def refusal(claims, method, path, body):
-    """Why the holder of the claims may not make the request to a protected path, or '' when it may."""
-    name = claims.get('sub')
-    if path == '/account' or path.startswith('/account/'):
-        return '' if isinstance(name, str) else 'the token names no user'
-    if claims.get('admin') is True:
-        return ''
-    if not isinstance(name, str):
-        return 'the token names no user'
-    admins = vpnrouter_users.ADMIN_GROUP
-    with vpnrouter_users.session() as connection:
-        if not vpnrouter_users.is_admin(connection, name):
-            return f'user {name} is not a member of {admins}'
-        if changes_admins(connection, method, path.strip('/').split('/'), body if isinstance(body, dict) else {}):
-            return f'only a token of vpn-router-token may change the group {admins} or remove its members'
-    return ''
-
-
-def auth(path, body):
-    """Answer a POST to /auth with vpnrouter_users and vpnrouter_auth: the HTTP status and the JSON document.
-
-      POST /auth           sign in: {"name", "password", "code"?}; the tokens
-      POST /auth/refresh   {"refresh_token"}; new tokens, the refresh token used up
-      POST /auth/logout    {"refresh_token"}; the refresh token revoked
-    """
-    if not isinstance(body, dict):
-        return 400, {'error': 'the body must be a JSON object'}
-    try:
-        cfg = vpnrouter.load_config()
-        if path == '/auth':
-            vpnrouter_users.login(body.get('name'), body.get('password'), body.get('code'))
-            return 200, vpnrouter_auth.issue(cfg, body['name'])
-        name = vpnrouter_auth.take(cfg, body.get('refresh_token'))
-        if path == '/auth/logout':
-            return 200, {'revoked': name is not None}
-        if name is None:
-            return 401, {'error': 'the refresh token is not valid'}
-        with vpnrouter_users.session() as connection:
-            user = vpnrouter_users.summary(vpnrouter_users.entry(connection, name))
-        if not user['enabled'] or user['locked']:
-            return 401, {'error': f'user {name} is disabled or locked'}
-        return 200, vpnrouter_auth.issue(cfg, name)
-    except vpnrouter_users.Failure as failure:
-        return (401 if failure.status == 3 else USER_STATUS.get(failure.status, 500)), {'error': str(failure)}
-    except (ldap.LDAPError, OSError) as exc:
-        return 500, {'error': f'the user directory failed: {exc}'}
-    except vpnrouter_auth.DatabaseError as exc:
-        return 500, {'error': str(exc)}
-    except SystemExit as exc:
-        return 500, {'error': str(exc.code)}
-
-
-def auth_wait(address):
-    """Seconds until the client address may call /auth again, 0 when it may now; a call that may is counted."""
-    now = time.monotonic()
-    with _auth_lock:
-        for idle in [key for key, times in _auth_calls.items() if times[-1] <= now - AUTH_WINDOW]:
-            del _auth_calls[idle]
-        calls = _auth_calls[address]
-        while calls and calls[0] <= now - AUTH_WINDOW:
-            calls.popleft()
-        if len(calls) >= AUTH_LIMIT:
-            return int(calls[0] + AUTH_WINDOW - now) + 1
-        calls.append(now)
-        return 0
-
-
-class Handler(BaseHTTPRequestHandler):
-    protocol_version = 'HTTP/1.1'
-
-    def status(self):
-        with _lock:
-            if _cache['data'] is None or time.monotonic() - _cache['at'] > CACHE_SECONDS:
-                _cache['data'] = collect(current())
-                _cache['at'] = time.monotonic()
-            return _cache['data']
-
-    def claims(self, secret):
-        """The claims of the request's token signed with the secret, or None without an acceptable one."""
-        header = self.headers.get('Authorization', '')
-        return vpnrouter_auth.verify(header[7:].strip(), secret) if header.startswith('Bearer ') else None
-
-    def client(self):
-        """The client address: the last X-Forwarded-For entry when the peer is a trusted proxy, else the peer."""
-        peer = self.client_address[0]
-        trusted = section(read_json(CONFIG_FILE), 'web').get('trusted_proxies') or [self.server.server_address[0]]
-        forwarded = self.headers.get('X-Forwarded-For', '')
-        if isinstance(trusted, list) and peer in trusted and forwarded.strip():
-            return forwarded.split(',')[-1].strip()
-        return peer
-
-    def refusal(self, claims, path, payload):
-        """The HTTP status and the message that refuse a request to a protected path, or None when it may be made."""
-        try:
-            reason = refusal(claims, self.command, path, payload)
-        except (ldap.LDAPError, OSError) as exc:
-            return 500, f'the user directory failed: {exc}'
-        return (403, reason) if reason else None
-
-    def answer(self, send_body):
-        path = self.path.split('?', 1)[0]
-        extra = []
-        self.principal = None
-        # A body that is not read must not be taken for the next request.
-        if self.command not in ('GET', 'HEAD'):
-            self.close_connection = True
-        directory = next((name for name in ('users', 'groups', 'account') if path == f'/{name}' or path.startswith(f'/{name}/')), None)
-        protected = path == '/config' or directory is not None
-        signing = path in ('/auth', '/auth/refresh', '/auth/logout')
-        state = current() if protected or signing else {}
-        claims = self.claims(state['key']) if protected and state['key'] else None
-        payload = self.request_body() if (protected or signing) and self.command not in ('GET', 'HEAD') else None
-        if claims is not None:
-            self.principal = 'admin' if claims.get('admin') is True else claims.get('sub')
-        if (protected or signing) and not state['key']:
-            body, kind, code = b'Not found\n', 'text/plain; charset=utf-8', 404
-        elif signing and self.command != 'POST':
-            body, kind, code = b'Method not allowed\n', 'text/plain; charset=utf-8', 405
-        elif signing:
-            wait = auth_wait(self.client()) if path != '/auth/logout' else 0
-            if wait:
-                code, document = 429, {'error': f'too many sign-in calls; retry in {wait} seconds'}
-                extra.append(('Retry-After', str(wait)))
-            else:
-                code, document = auth(path, payload)
-            body, kind = json.dumps(document, indent=2).encode() + b'\n', 'application/json'
-        elif protected and claims is None:
-            body, kind, code = b'Unauthorized\n', 'text/plain; charset=utf-8', 401
-            extra.append(('WWW-Authenticate', 'Bearer'))
-        elif protected and (refused := self.refusal(claims, path, payload)):
-            code, kind = refused[0], 'application/json'
-            body = json.dumps({'error': refused[1]}, indent=2).encode() + b'\n'
-        elif path == '/config' and self.command in ('GET', 'HEAD'):
-            body, kind, code = json.dumps(details(state), indent=2).encode() + b'\n', 'application/json', 200
-        elif directory == 'account':
-            code, document = account(claims['sub'], self.command, path, payload)
-            body, kind = json.dumps(document, indent=2).encode() + b'\n', 'application/json'
-        elif protected and path != '/config':
-            code, document = (users if directory == 'users' else groups)(state, self.command, path, payload)
-            body, kind = json.dumps(document, indent=2).encode() + b'\n', 'application/json'
-        elif self.command not in ('GET', 'HEAD'):
-            body, kind, code = b'Method not allowed\n', 'text/plain; charset=utf-8', 405
-        elif path == '/status':
-            body, kind, code = json.dumps(self.status(), indent=2).encode() + b'\n', 'application/json', 200
-        elif path == '/':
-            agent = self.headers.get('User-Agent', '').lower()
-            if 'curl' in agent or 'wget' in agent:
-                body, kind = text_of(self.status()).encode(), 'text/plain; charset=utf-8'
-            else:
-                body, kind = html_of(self.status()).encode(), 'text/html; charset=utf-8'
-            code = 200
-        else:
-            body, kind, code = b'Not found\n', 'text/plain; charset=utf-8', 404
-        self.send_response(code)
-        self.send_header('Content-Type', kind)
-        self.send_header('Content-Length', str(len(body)))
-        self.send_header('Cache-Control', 'no-store')
-        for name, value in extra:
-            self.send_header(name, value)
-        self.end_headers()
-        if send_body:
-            self.wfile.write(body)
-
-    def request_body(self):
-        """The request body as JSON, None when there is none, or the string 'invalid'."""
-        length = self.headers.get('Content-Length')
-        if not length:
-            return None
-        try:
-            size = int(length)
-            if not 0 <= size <= BODY_LIMIT:
-                return 'invalid'
-            return json.loads(self.rfile.read(size) or b'null')
-        except ValueError:
-            return 'invalid'
-
-    def do_GET(self):
-        self.answer(True)
-
-    def do_HEAD(self):
-        self.answer(False)
-
-    def do_POST(self):
-        self.answer(True)
-
-    def do_PUT(self):
-        self.answer(True)
-
-    def do_DELETE(self):
-        self.answer(True)
-
-    def log_message(self, format, *args):
-        principal = getattr(self, 'principal', None) or '-'
-        sys.stderr.write('%s - %s [%s] %s\n' % (self.client_address[0], principal, self.log_date_time_string(), format % args))
-
-
-def log(message):
-    print(f'vpn-router-web: {message}', file=sys.stderr, flush=True)
 
 
 def initialize():
-    """Make the signing key and the refresh tokens' database, retrying every INIT_RETRY_SECONDS until both are ready."""
+    """Make the signing key, the OpenID Provider's key, the refresh tokens' database and the web sites' database,
+    retrying every INIT_RETRY_SECONDS until all are ready."""
     reported = None
     while True:
         phase = 'reading the configuration'
@@ -785,12 +60,19 @@ def initialize():
             cfg = vpnrouter.load_config()
             phase = 'making the signing key'
             vpnrouter_auth.ensure_key()
+            phase = 'making the OpenID Provider key'
+            vpnrouter_oidc.ensure_key()
             phase = 'creating the token database'
             vpnrouter_auth.provision(cfg)
             phase = 'connecting to the token database'
             with vpnrouter_auth.database(cfg):
                 pass
-        except (OSError, SystemExit, vpnrouter_auth.DatabaseError) as exc:
+            phase = 'creating the database of the web sites'
+            vpnrouter_sites.provision()
+            phase = 'connecting to the database of the web sites'
+            with vpnrouter_sites.database():
+                pass
+        except (OSError, SystemExit, vpnrouter_auth.DatabaseError, vpnrouter_sites.DatabaseError) as exc:
             error = f'{phase} failed: {exc.code if isinstance(exc, SystemExit) else exc}'
             if error != reported:
                 log(f'{error}; retrying every {INIT_RETRY_SECONDS} seconds')
@@ -804,6 +86,7 @@ def initialize():
 def main():
     signal.signal(signal.SIGTERM, lambda *_: sys.exit(0))
     initialize()
+    threading.Thread(target=editor_listen, name='editor socket', daemon=True).start()
     try:
         vpnrouter_serve.serve(lambda: vpnrouter_net.web_listen(read_json(CONFIG_FILE), DEFAULT_PORT), Handler, log,
                               DISCOVERY_SECONDS)

debian-package/src/usr/lib/vpn-router/webdav-auth

@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+#!/usr/bin/python3
+"""The auth proxy of rclone's WebDAV server of the web sites' folders (vpn-router-webdav.service).
+
+rclone runs it for each new user and password with {"user", "pass"} on standard input. The user signs in with the
+password of the router's directory, followed by the TOTP code for an enrolled user. A member of
+vpnrouter_users.ADMIN_GROUP sees the folders of all sites, any other user those of the sites whose editors group
+the user is a member of (vpnrouter_sites.editable), each as a folder named after its site. The answer on standard output
+is rclone's combine backend of those folders; a failed sign-in, a user with no site or any failure is a message on
+standard error and the exit status 1, which rclone refuses the user with.
+"""
+
+import json
+import os
+import sys
+
+sys.path.insert(0, os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__)))
+
+import ldap
+
+import vpnrouter_ldap
+import vpnrouter_sites
+import vpnrouter_users
+
+
+def main():
+    try:
+        request = json.load(sys.stdin)
+        name, password = request['user'], request['pass']
+        vpnrouter_users.login(name, password, None)
+        connection = vpnrouter_ldap.manager()
+        try:
+            groups = vpnrouter_users.groups_of(connection, name)
+        finally:
+            connection.unbind_s()
+        if vpnrouter_users.ADMIN_GROUP in groups:
+            sites = [site['name'] for site in vpnrouter_sites.listing()]
+        else:
+            sites = vpnrouter_sites.editable(groups)
+    except (ValueError, KeyError, TypeError, OSError, ldap.LDAPError, vpnrouter_users.Failure,
+            vpnrouter_sites.DatabaseError) as exc:
+        sys.exit(f'webdav-auth: refused: {exc}')
+    if not sites:
+        sys.exit(f'webdav-auth: refused: {name} may change no site')
+    vpnrouter_sites.ensure_folders(sites)
+    upstreams = ' '.join(f'{site}={vpnrouter_sites.SITES_DIR / site}' for site in sites)
+    json.dump({'type': 'combine', '_root': '', 'upstreams': upstreams}, sys.stdout)
+    return 0
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    sys.exit(main())

debian-package/src/usr/sbin/vpn-config-edit

@@ -0,0 +1,145 @@
+#!/usr/bin/python3
+"""Show and change the router's configuration, /etc/vpn-router/vpn-router.json.
+
+show prints the file as indented JSON; the file is not changed. set takes a setting as
+section.option, such as web.port, or as site_to_site.NAME.option for a site-to-site connection,
+which it creates with the defaults (vpnrouter.CONNECTION) when it does not exist, and a value,
+which it converts to the type the package's schema (vpnrouter.SCHEMA) gives the setting: a whole
+number, true or false, a list of strings separated by commas (an empty value is an empty list),
+or a string. remove takes site_to_site.NAME and removes that connection. The configuration with
+the change is checked as vpn-router-setup checks it, and only then written with
+vpnrouter.save_config, holding vpnrouter.config_lock; vpn-router-setup applies it at its next
+run, which set and remove remind of. With --restart they restart vpn-router-setup and wait until
+it has applied the change. A failure is a message on standard error; the exit status is 2 for an
+invalid request and 1 for any other failure, a failed run of vpn-router-setup included. -h or
+--help shows the options.
+
+  vpn-config-edit show
+  vpn-config-edit set [--restart] SECTION.OPTION VALUE
+  vpn-config-edit set [--restart] site_to_site.NAME.OPTION VALUE
+  vpn-config-edit remove [--restart] site_to_site.NAME
+"""
+
+import argparse
+import copy
+import json
+import subprocess
+import sys
+
+sys.path.insert(0, '/usr/lib/vpn-router')
+
+import vpnrouter
+
+
+class Failure(Exception):
+    """A request that cannot be done; status is 2 invalid, 1 other."""
+
+    def __init__(self, message, status=1):
+        super().__init__(message)
+        self.status = status
+
+
+class Parser(argparse.ArgumentParser):
+    """An argument parser whose errors are Failures with status 2."""
+
+    def error(self, message):
+        raise Failure(f'{message}; see {self.prog} --help', 2)
+
+
+def read():
+    """The settings in the configuration file, without the defaults; {} when the file does not exist."""
+    try:
+        return vpnrouter.read_settings()
+    except vpnrouter.ConfigError as exc:
+        raise Failure(str(exc))
+
+
+def converted(key, text):
+    """The path of the setting key, section.option or site_to_site.NAME.option, and text as the type the schema gives it."""
+    path = key.split('.')
+    if path[0] == 'site_to_site' and len(path) == 3 and path[2] in vpnrouter.CONNECTION:
+        kind = type(vpnrouter.CONNECTION[path[2]])
+    elif path[0] != 'site_to_site' and len(path) == 2 and path[0] in vpnrouter.SCHEMA and path[1] in vpnrouter.SCHEMA[path[0]]:
+        kind = type(vpnrouter.SCHEMA[path[0]][path[1]])
+    else:
+        raise Failure(f'{key}: unknown setting; settings are section.option, such as web.port, '
+                      'or site_to_site.NAME.option', 2)
+    if kind is bool:
+        if text not in ('true', 'false'):
+            raise Failure(f'{key} takes true or false', 2)
+        return path, text == 'true'
+    if kind is int:
+        try:
+            return path, int(text)
+        except ValueError:
+            raise Failure(f'{key} takes a whole number', 2)
+    if kind is list:
+        return path, [item.strip() for item in text.split(',') if item.strip()]
+    return path, text
+
+
+def main(argv):
+    try:
+        parser = Parser(prog='vpn-config-edit', description='Show and change the router configuration.')
+        commands = parser.add_subparsers(dest='command', required=True, parser_class=Parser)
+        commands.add_parser('show', help='print the configuration as indented JSON')
+        setter = commands.add_parser('set', help='set a setting and write the configuration')
+        setter.add_argument('key', metavar='SECTION.OPTION',
+                            help='the setting, such as web.port or site_to_site.NAME.option')
+        setter.add_argument('value', metavar='VALUE', help='its value; a list separated by commas')
+        remover = commands.add_parser('remove', help='remove a site-to-site connection and write the configuration')
+        remover.add_argument('key', metavar='site_to_site.NAME', help='the connection')
+        for changer in (setter, remover):
+            changer.add_argument('--restart', action='store_true',
+                                 help='restart vpn-router-setup and wait until it has applied the change')
+        options = parser.parse_args(argv)
+
+        if options.command == 'show':
+            print(json.dumps(read(), indent=2))
+            return 0
+
+        with vpnrouter.config_lock():
+            data = read()
+            if options.command == 'set':
+                path, value = converted(options.key, options.value)
+                if path[0] == 'site_to_site':
+                    connections = data.setdefault('site_to_site', {})
+                    connection = connections.setdefault(path[1], copy.deepcopy(vpnrouter.CONNECTION))
+                    if not isinstance(connection, dict):
+                        raise Failure(f'site_to_site.{path[1]} is not an object')
+                    connection[path[2]] = value
+                else:
+                    data.setdefault(path[0], {})[path[1]] = value
+            else:
+                section, _, name = options.key.partition('.')
+                if section != 'site_to_site' or not name or name not in data.get('site_to_site', {}):
+                    raise Failure(f'{options.key}: no such site-to-site connection', 2)
+                del data['site_to_site'][name]
+            try:
+                vpnrouter.validate(vpnrouter.with_defaults(data))
+            except vpnrouter.ConfigError as exc:
+                raise Failure(str(exc), 2)
+            vpnrouter.save_config(data)
+    except Failure as failure:
+        print(f'vpn-config-edit: {failure}', file=sys.stderr)
+        return failure.status
+    except OSError as exc:
+        print(f'vpn-config-edit: {exc}', file=sys.stderr)
+        return 1
+    if options.command == 'set':
+        print(f'{options.key} set to {json.dumps(value)} in {vpnrouter.CONFIG_FILE}.')
+    else:
+        print(f'{options.key} removed from {vpnrouter.CONFIG_FILE}.')
+    if not options.restart:
+        print('Apply it with: systemctl restart vpn-router-setup, or --restart')
+        return 0
+    print('Restarting vpn-router-setup...', flush=True)
+    if subprocess.run(['systemctl', 'restart', 'vpn-router-setup.service']).returncode != 0:
+        print('vpn-config-edit: vpn-router-setup failed; see journalctl -u vpn-router-setup', file=sys.stderr)
+        return 1
+    print('vpn-router-setup applied it.')
+    return 0
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    sys.exit(main(sys.argv[1:]))

debian-package/src/usr/sbin/vpn-router-backup

@@ -0,0 +1,98 @@
+#!/usr/bin/python3
+"""Make, list and restore backups of the router (vpnrouter_backup).
+
+run makes a backup as backup in /etc/vpn-router/vpn-router.json says, whether or not backups are
+enabled, and prints its result; vpn-router-backup.service runs it on the schedule of its timer.
+list prints the local archives of this host in backup.path, newest first, or with the pbs target
+the snapshots of this host on the Proxmox Backup Server. restore puts back a local archive, or
+with --pbs a snapshot, such as host/router/2026-10-25T03:00:00Z, after showing what it holds and
+asking for yes, which --yes gives; what it replaces is kept in
+/var/lib/vpn-router/backup/before-restore. A failure is a message on standard error; the exit
+status is 2 for an invalid request and 1 for any other failure. -h or --help shows the options.
+
+  vpn-router-backup run
+  vpn-router-backup list
+  vpn-router-backup restore [--yes] ARCHIVE
+  vpn-router-backup restore [--yes] --pbs SNAPSHOT
+"""
+
+import argparse
+import os
+import sys
+
+sys.path.insert(0, '/usr/lib/vpn-router')
+
+import vpnrouter
+import vpnrouter_backup
+
+
+class Parser(argparse.ArgumentParser):
+    """An argument parser whose errors end with status 2."""
+
+    def error(self, message):
+        print(f'{self.prog}: {message}; see {self.prog} --help', file=sys.stderr)
+        sys.exit(2)
+
+
+def confirmed(manifest, yes):
+    """Whether to restore the backup of the manifest: yes, or the answer yes to the question."""
+    print(f'Backup of {manifest.get("host")} made {manifest.get("time")} by vpn-router {manifest.get("version")}:')
+    for item in manifest.get('items', []):
+        print(f'  {item}')
+    if yes:
+        return True
+    return input('Replace the router state with it? Type yes: ').strip() == 'yes'
+
+
+def main(argv):
+    parser = Parser(prog='vpn-router-backup', description='Make, list and restore backups of the router.')
+    commands = parser.add_subparsers(dest='command', required=True, parser_class=Parser)
+    commands.add_parser('run', help='make a backup now')
+    commands.add_parser('list', help='list the backups of this host')
+    restorer = commands.add_parser('restore', help='put a backup back')
+    restorer.add_argument('source', metavar='ARCHIVE|SNAPSHOT', help='a local archive, or with --pbs a snapshot')
+    restorer.add_argument('--pbs', action='store_true', help='restore a snapshot of the Proxmox Backup Server')
+    restorer.add_argument('--yes', action='store_true', help='do not ask before replacing the router state')
+    options = parser.parse_args(argv)
+    os.umask(0o077)
+
+    try:
+        if options.command == 'run':
+            record = vpnrouter_backup.run()
+            if record['result'] == 'failed':
+                print(f'vpn-router-backup: {record["error"]}', file=sys.stderr)
+                return 1
+            print(f'Backup {record["archive"] or record["snapshot"]} made, {record["size"]} bytes.')
+            for name in record['removed']:
+                print(f'Removed {name}.')
+            if record['cloud']:
+                print(f'Cloud copy to {record["cloud"]["remote"]}: {record["cloud"]["error"] or "ok"}.')
+            return 0
+        cfg = vpnrouter.load_config()
+        if options.command == 'list':
+            if cfg['backup']['target'] == 'pbs':
+                print(vpnrouter_backup.snapshots(cfg), end='')
+            else:
+                for item in vpnrouter_backup.archives(cfg['backup']['path']):
+                    print(f'{item["name"]}  {item["size"]}')
+            return 0
+        if options.pbs and options.source.startswith('/'):
+            print('vpn-router-backup: a snapshot is type/id/time, such as host/router/2026-10-25T03:00:00Z',
+                  file=sys.stderr)
+            return 2
+        saved = vpnrouter_backup.restore(options.source, options.pbs, lambda manifest: confirmed(manifest, options.yes))
+    except vpnrouter_backup.Failure as exc:
+        print(f'vpn-router-backup: {exc}', file=sys.stderr)
+        return 1
+    except OSError as exc:
+        print(f'vpn-router-backup: {exc}', file=sys.stderr)
+        return 1
+    if saved is None:
+        print('Nothing restored.')
+        return 1
+    print(f'Restored; what it replaced is in {saved}.')
+    return 0
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    sys.exit(main(sys.argv[1:]))

debian-package/src/usr/sbin/vpn-router-ca

@@ -0,0 +1,212 @@
+#!/usr/bin/python3
+"""Manage the router's PKI, which the router's directory holds, from the command line, with vpnrouter_pki.
+
+status shows the root, the issuing CAs and the warnings; list the certificates the router issued. issue signs a CSR,
+or makes a key and writes a PFX file whose password is read from the first line of standard input. ca csr prints the
+CSR of an issuing CA that waits for the offline root, with the openssl extensions to sign it with, and ca import takes
+the signed certificate. root export-key writes the root key encrypted with the passphrase read from standard input,
+root remove-key removes it from the router, root import-key puts it back, and root import-crl takes a root CRL signed
+offline. maintain signs the stale CRLs again; vpn-router-pki.service runs it daily. A change that needs
+vpn-router-setup restarts it without waiting.
+
+The answer is text for people on standard output, and a failure is a message on standard error. With --json the answer
+is JSON on standard output, and a failure is {"error": ...} there too. The exit status says what failed: 2 the request
+is invalid, 3 something it names does not exist, 4 the state does not allow it, 1 anything else. -h or --help shows the
+commands and their options.
+
+  vpn-router-ca [--json] status
+  vpn-router-ca [--json] list [--ca NAME]
+  vpn-router-ca [--json] issue --ca NAME --template NAME --csr FILE
+  vpn-router-ca [--json] issue --ca NAME --template NAME --subject NAME [--san NAME ...] --pfx FILE   (password on stdin)
+  vpn-router-ca [--json] revoke SERIAL [--reason REASON]
+  vpn-router-ca [--json] maintain
+  vpn-router-ca [--json] ca csr NAME
+  vpn-router-ca [--json] ca import NAME FILE
+  vpn-router-ca [--json] root export-key --out FILE   (passphrase on stdin)
+  vpn-router-ca [--json] root remove-key [--yes]
+  vpn-router-ca [--json] root import-key FILE   (passphrase on stdin, an empty line for none)
+  vpn-router-ca [--json] root import-crl FILE
+"""
+
+import argparse
+import base64
+import json
+import os
+import pathlib
+import subprocess
+import sys
+
+sys.path.insert(0, '/usr/lib/vpn-router')
+
+import ldap
+
+import vpnrouter
+import vpnrouter_pki
+from vpnrouter_pki import Failure
+
+
+class Parser(argparse.ArgumentParser):
+    """An argument parser whose errors end with status 2."""
+
+    def error(self, message):
+        print(f'{self.prog}: {message}; see {self.prog} --help', file=sys.stderr)
+        sys.exit(2)
+
+
+def secret():
+    """The first line of standard input."""
+    return sys.stdin.readline().rstrip('\r\n')
+
+
+def restart_setup():
+    subprocess.run(['systemctl', 'restart', '--no-block', 'vpn-router-setup.service'], capture_output=True, text=True)
+
+
+def show_status(document):
+    root = document['root']
+    if root is None:
+        print('Root CA: none; vpn-router-setup creates it once a platform is chosen')
+    else:
+        print(f'Root CA: {root["subject"]}, expires {root["expires"]}, key {"on the router" if root["key"] else "offline"}'
+              f', CRL until {root["crl_next_update"] or "none"}')
+    for authority in document['authorities']:
+        line = f'Issuing CA {authority["name"]}: {authority["common_name"]}, {authority["state"]}'
+        if authority['expires']:
+            line += f', expires {authority["expires"]}, CRL until {authority["crl_next_update"] or "none"}'
+        line += f', templates {", ".join(authority["templates"])}'
+        if authority['acme_url']:
+            line += f', ACME {authority["acme_url"]}'
+        print(line)
+    for retired in document['retired']:
+        print(f'Retired CA {retired["name"]}: {retired["retired"]}')
+    for warning in document['warnings']:
+        print(f'Warning: {warning}')
+
+
+def run(options):
+    """Do the command of the options; the answer as a document, and a text for people."""
+    cfg = vpnrouter.load_config()
+    if options.command == 'status':
+        document = vpnrouter_pki.status(cfg)
+        return document, None
+    if options.command == 'list':
+        found = [entry for entry in vpnrouter_pki.certificates() if options.ca in (None, entry['ca'])]
+        text = '\n'.join(f'{entry["serial"]}  {entry["ca"]}  {entry["kind"]}  {entry["subject"]}  {entry["state"]}  '
+                         f'{entry["expires"]}' for entry in found)
+        return {'certificates': found}, text
+    with vpnrouter_pki.locked():
+        if options.command == 'issue':
+            if options.csr:
+                document = vpnrouter_pki.issue(cfg, options.ca, options.template,
+                                               csr=pathlib.Path(options.csr).read_text(encoding='ascii'))
+                return document, document['certificate'] + document['chain']
+            if not options.subject or not options.pfx:
+                raise Failure('give --csr, or --subject and --pfx', 2)
+            document = vpnrouter_pki.issue(cfg, options.ca, options.template, subject=options.subject,
+                                           sans=options.san or [], password=secret())
+            out = pathlib.Path(options.pfx)
+            with open(out, 'xb') as handle:
+                handle.write(base64.b64decode(document['pfx']))
+            return {'serial': document['serial'], 'pfx': str(out)}, f'Certificate {document["serial"]} written to {out}.'
+        if options.command == 'revoke':
+            document = vpnrouter_pki.revoke(cfg, options.serial, options.reason)
+            if document['reissue']:
+                restart_setup()
+            return document, f'Certificate {document["serial"]} revoked' + \
+                ('; vpn-router-setup issues a new one.' if document['reissue'] else '.')
+        if options.command == 'maintain':
+            due = vpnrouter_pki.maintain(cfg)
+            if due:
+                restart_setup()
+            return {'renewal': due}, 'CRLs checked' + ('; vpn-router-setup renews the router certificates.' if due else '.')
+        if options.command == 'ca' and options.action == 'csr':
+            document = vpnrouter_pki.csr(cfg, options.name)
+            return document, document['csr'] + '\n' + document['extensions']
+        if options.command == 'ca':
+            document = vpnrouter_pki.import_ca(cfg, options.name, pathlib.Path(options.file).read_text(encoding='ascii'))
+            restart_setup()
+            return document, f'Issuing CA {options.name} has its certificate, which expires {document["expires"]}.'
+        if options.action == 'export-key':
+            data = vpnrouter_pki.export_root_key(secret())
+            out = pathlib.Path(options.out)
+            with open(out, 'xb') as handle:
+                handle.write(data)
+            return {'exported': str(out)}, f'Root key written to {out}, encrypted.'
+        if options.action == 'remove-key':
+            if not options.yes:
+                print('Remove the root key from the router? Keep an exported copy first. Type yes: ', end='',
+                      file=sys.stderr, flush=True)
+                if secret().strip() != 'yes':
+                    return {'removed': False}, 'Nothing removed.'
+            vpnrouter_pki.remove_root_key()
+            return {'removed': True}, 'Root key removed; new issuing CAs now wait for an offline signature.'
+        if options.action == 'import-key':
+            vpnrouter_pki.import_root_key(pathlib.Path(options.file).read_bytes(), secret() or None)
+            restart_setup()
+            return {'imported': True}, 'Root key back on the router.'
+        document = vpnrouter_pki.import_root_crl(pathlib.Path(options.file).read_bytes())
+        return document, f'Root CRL taken, valid until {document["next_update"]}.'
+
+
+def main(argv):
+    parser = Parser(prog='vpn-router-ca', description="Manage the router's PKI.")
+    parser.add_argument('--json', action='store_true', help='answer in JSON')
+    commands = parser.add_subparsers(dest='command', required=True, parser_class=Parser)
+    commands.add_parser('status', help='show the root, the issuing CAs and the warnings')
+    lister = commands.add_parser('list', help='list the certificates the router issued')
+    lister.add_argument('--ca', help='only those of this issuing CA')
+    issuer = commands.add_parser('issue', help='issue a certificate from a CSR, or with a new key into a PFX file')
+    issuer.add_argument('--ca', required=True, help='the issuing CA')
+    issuer.add_argument('--template', required=True, help='the certificate template')
+    issuer.add_argument('--csr', help='the PEM CSR to sign')
+    issuer.add_argument('--subject', help='the common name, without --csr')
+    issuer.add_argument('--san', action='append', help='a subject alternative name, without --csr; repeat for more')
+    issuer.add_argument('--pfx', help='the PFX file to write, without --csr; the password is read from standard input')
+    revoker = commands.add_parser('revoke', help='revoke a certificate the router issued')
+    revoker.add_argument('serial', help='the serial number, hexadecimal')
+    revoker.add_argument('--reason', choices=vpnrouter_pki.REASONS, help='the reason, unspecified by default')
+    commands.add_parser('maintain', help='sign the stale CRLs again')
+    authority = commands.add_parser('ca', help='an issuing CA that waits for the offline root')
+    actions = authority.add_subparsers(dest='action', required=True, parser_class=Parser)
+    actions.add_parser('csr', help='print its CSR and the openssl extensions').add_argument('name')
+    importer = actions.add_parser('import', help='take its certificate signed by the root')
+    importer.add_argument('name')
+    importer.add_argument('file')
+    root = commands.add_parser('root', help='the root CA')
+    root_actions = root.add_subparsers(dest='action', required=True, parser_class=Parser)
+    exporter = root_actions.add_parser('export-key', help='write the root key encrypted with the passphrase from stdin')
+    exporter.add_argument('--out', required=True, help='the file to write')
+    remover = root_actions.add_parser('remove-key', help='remove the root key from the router')
+    remover.add_argument('--yes', action='store_true', help='do not ask')
+    root_actions.add_parser('import-key', help='put the root key back').add_argument('file')
+    root_actions.add_parser('import-crl', help='take a root CRL signed offline').add_argument('file')
+    options = parser.parse_args(argv)
+    os.umask(0o077)
+
+    try:
+        document, text = run(options)
+    except Failure as failure:
+        code, message = failure.status, str(failure)
+    except OSError as exc:
+        code, message = 1, str(exc)
+    except ldap.LDAPError as exc:
+        code, message = 1, f'the directory, which holds the PKI, failed: {exc}'
+    except SystemExit as exc:
+        code, message = 1, str(exc.code)
+    else:
+        if options.json:
+            print(json.dumps(document, indent=2))
+        elif text is None:
+            show_status(document)
+        elif text:
+            print(text.rstrip('\n'))
+        return 0
+    if options.json:
+        print(json.dumps({'error': message}, indent=2))
+    else:
+        print(f'vpn-router-ca: {message}', file=sys.stderr)
+    return code
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    sys.exit(main(sys.argv[1:]))

debian-package/src/usr/sbin/vpn-router-caddy

@@ -0,0 +1,151 @@
+#!/usr/bin/python3
+"""Install Caddy, the router's HTTPS proxy, from the source https.caddy_source names.
+
+status shows the configured source, the source in effect and the installed and candidate versions of Caddy. apply
+installs Caddy when it is missing: from the Ubuntu archive, or with upstream from Caddy's own repository, which it
+configures first (vpnrouter.CADDY_APT_SOURCE, with the key in vpnrouter.CADDY_KEYRING). When upstream is configured
+and the repository is not, it configures the repository and replaces the installed Caddy with upstream's. It then
+restarts vpn-router-setup without waiting, which serves with the new Caddy; vpn-router-caddy.service runs it for
+vpn-router-setup. use-upstream sets https.caddy_source to upstream and applies it, printing each step.
+
+Once the repository is configured Caddy stays upstream's: apt keeps the higher upstream version, and ubuntu has no
+effect. A failure is a message on standard error and the exit status 1. -h or --help shows the commands.
+
+  vpn-router-caddy [--json] status
+  vpn-router-caddy apply
+  vpn-router-caddy use-upstream
+"""
+
+import argparse
+import json
+import os
+import subprocess
+import sys
+import urllib.request
+
+sys.path.insert(0, '/usr/lib/vpn-router')
+
+import vpnrouter
+
+#: apt-get, waiting up to ten minutes for dpkg's lock, which a package installation that runs setup holds.
+APT = ['apt-get', '-o', 'DPkg::Lock::Timeout=600']
+
+#: The options of apt-get install: no questions, and the configuration files of the installed Caddy kept.
+INSTALL = ['-y', '-o', 'Dpkg::Options::=--force-confdef', '-o', 'Dpkg::Options::=--force-confold', 'install']
+
+#: Seconds the key of Caddy's repository may take to download.
+KEY_TIMEOUT = 60
+
+
+class Parser(argparse.ArgumentParser):
+    """An argument parser whose errors end with status 2."""
+
+    def error(self, message):
+        print(f'{self.prog}: {message}; see {self.prog} --help', file=sys.stderr)
+        sys.exit(2)
+
+
+def step(message):
+    print(message, flush=True)
+
+
+def installed():
+    """The installed version of caddy, or None when it is not installed."""
+    result = subprocess.run(['dpkg-query', '-W', '-f=${Status}\t${Version}', 'caddy'], capture_output=True, text=True)
+    status, _, version = result.stdout.partition('\t')
+    return version if result.returncode == 0 and status == 'install ok installed' else None
+
+
+def candidate():
+    """The version of caddy apt would install, or None when it knows none."""
+    result = subprocess.run(['apt-cache', 'policy', 'caddy'], capture_output=True, text=True)
+    for line in result.stdout.splitlines():
+        if line.strip().startswith('Candidate:'):
+            value = line.split(':', 1)[1].strip()
+            return None if value == '(none)' else value
+    return None
+
+
+def effective():
+    """The source Caddy comes from: upstream once its repository is configured, ubuntu otherwise."""
+    return 'upstream' if vpnrouter.CADDY_APT_SOURCE.is_file() else 'ubuntu'
+
+
+def command(args):
+    """Run a command with its output shown; SystemExit when it fails."""
+    step(f'$ {" ".join(args)}')
+    result = subprocess.run(args, env=dict(os.environ, DEBIAN_FRONTEND='noninteractive'))
+    if result.returncode != 0:
+        sys.exit(f'vpn-router-caddy: {args[0]} failed with status {result.returncode}')
+
+
+def apply():
+    """Install Caddy, or replace it with upstream's, as https.caddy_source asks (see the module)."""
+    source = vpnrouter.load_config()['https']['caddy_source']
+    repository = source == 'upstream' and not vpnrouter.CADDY_APT_SOURCE.is_file()
+    if installed() and not repository:
+        if source == 'ubuntu' and effective() == 'upstream':
+            step("https.caddy_source is ubuntu, but Caddy's repository is configured, so Caddy stays upstream's.")
+        else:
+            step(f'Caddy {installed()} is installed from the {source} source.')
+        return
+    if repository:
+        step(f"Downloading the key of Caddy's repository from {vpnrouter.CADDY_KEY_URL}")
+        with urllib.request.urlopen(vpnrouter.CADDY_KEY_URL, timeout=KEY_TIMEOUT) as response:
+            key = response.read()
+        if not key.lstrip().startswith(b'-----BEGIN PGP PUBLIC KEY BLOCK-----'):
+            sys.exit(f'vpn-router-caddy: {vpnrouter.CADDY_KEY_URL} did not answer with an OpenPGP public key')
+        vpnrouter.CADDY_KEYRING.parent.mkdir(mode=0o755, parents=True, exist_ok=True)
+        vpnrouter.CADDY_KEYRING.write_bytes(key)
+        os.chmod(vpnrouter.CADDY_KEYRING, 0o644)
+        vpnrouter.CADDY_APT_SOURCE.write_text(
+            f'Types: deb\nURIs: {vpnrouter.CADDY_REPOSITORY}\nSuites: any-version\nComponents: main\n'
+            f'Signed-By: {vpnrouter.CADDY_KEYRING}\n', encoding='utf-8')
+        os.chmod(vpnrouter.CADDY_APT_SOURCE, 0o644)
+        step(f"Caddy's repository is configured in {vpnrouter.CADDY_APT_SOURCE}.")
+    command([*APT, 'update'])
+    command([*APT, *INSTALL, 'caddy'])
+    step(f'Caddy {installed()} is installed from the {effective()} source.')
+    subprocess.run(['systemctl', 'restart', '--no-block', 'vpn-router-setup.service'], capture_output=True, text=True)
+    step('vpn-router-setup restarted.')
+
+
+def main(argv):
+    parser = Parser(prog='vpn-router-caddy', description='Install Caddy from the source https.caddy_source names.')
+    parser.add_argument('--json', action='store_true', help='answer status in JSON')
+    commands = parser.add_subparsers(dest='command', required=True, parser_class=Parser)
+    commands.add_parser('status', help='show the sources and the versions of Caddy')
+    commands.add_parser('apply', help='install Caddy, or replace it with upstream\'s, as https.caddy_source asks')
+    commands.add_parser('use-upstream', help="switch to Caddy's own repository and replace Caddy with upstream's")
+    options = parser.parse_args(argv)
+
+    try:
+        if options.command == 'status':
+            document = {'configured': vpnrouter.load_config()['https']['caddy_source'], 'source': effective(),
+                        'installed': installed(), 'candidate': candidate()}
+            if options.json:
+                print(json.dumps(document, indent=2))
+            else:
+                print(f'Configured source: {document["configured"]}\nSource in effect: {document["source"]}\n'
+                      f'Installed: {document["installed"] or "no"}\nCandidate: {document["candidate"] or "none"}')
+            return 0
+        if options.command == 'use-upstream':
+            with vpnrouter.config_lock():
+                data = vpnrouter.read_settings()
+                current = data.get('https')
+                data['https'] = {**(current if isinstance(current, dict) else {}), 'caddy_source': 'upstream'}
+                vpnrouter.validate(vpnrouter.with_defaults(data))
+                vpnrouter.save_config(data)
+            step('https.caddy_source is upstream.')
+        apply()
+    except vpnrouter.ConfigError as exc:
+        print(f'vpn-router-caddy: {exc}', file=sys.stderr)
+        return 1
+    except OSError as exc:
+        print(f'vpn-router-caddy: {exc}', file=sys.stderr)
+        return 1
+    return 0
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    sys.exit(main(sys.argv[1:]))

debian-package/src/usr/sbin/vpn-router-role

@@ -0,0 +1,121 @@
+#!/usr/bin/python3
+"""Manage the roles of the resources of the router's OpenID Provider from the command line, with vpnrouter_users.
+
+A resource is a service account; a role of it has a name, an optional description, and the groups and accounts it is
+assigned to, whose tokens for the resource carry it in their roles claim. The answer is text for people on standard
+output, and a failure is a message on standard error. With --json the answer is JSON on standard output, and a failure
+is {"error": ...} there too. The exit status says what failed: 2 the request is invalid, 3 the resource, the role, the
+group or the account does not exist, 4 the role exists, 1 anything else. -h or --help shows the commands and their
+options.
+
+  vpn-router-role [--json] list [<resource>]
+  vpn-router-role [--json] add <resource> <role> [--description D]
+  vpn-router-role [--json] remove <resource> <role>
+  vpn-router-role [--json] member-add <resource> <role> (--group G | --account A)
+  vpn-router-role [--json] member-remove <resource> <role> (--group G | --account A)
+"""
+
+import argparse
+import json
+import sys
+
+sys.path.insert(0, '/usr/lib/vpn-router')
+
+import ldap
+
+import vpnrouter_users
+from vpnrouter_users import Failure
+
+#: The help line of each command.
+HELP = {
+    'list': 'list the roles of every resource, or of one, with the groups and accounts they are assigned to',
+    'add': 'add a role to a resource',
+    'remove': 'remove a role of a resource',
+    'member-add': 'assign the role to a group or an account',
+    'member-remove': 'take the role from a group or an account',
+}
+
+
+class Parser(argparse.ArgumentParser):
+    """An argument parser whose errors are Failures with status 2, so that --json answers them as JSON."""
+
+    def error(self, message):
+        raise Failure(f'{message}; see {self.prog} --help', 2)
+
+
+def parse(argv):
+    parser = Parser(prog='vpn-router-role', description='Manage the roles of the resources of the OpenID Provider.')
+    parser.add_argument('--json', action='store_true', help='answer in JSON')
+    commands = parser.add_subparsers(dest='command', required=True, metavar='command', parser_class=Parser)
+    for command, text in HELP.items():
+        sub = commands.add_parser(command, help=text, description=text[0].upper() + text[1:] + '.')
+        if command == 'list':
+            sub.add_argument('resource', nargs='?', help='the service account whose roles are listed')
+            continue
+        sub.add_argument('resource', help='the service account the role belongs to')
+        sub.add_argument('role', help='the role name')
+        if command == 'add':
+            sub.add_argument('--description', metavar='TEXT', help='the description')
+        if command in ('member-add', 'member-remove'):
+            member = sub.add_mutually_exclusive_group(required=True)
+            member.add_argument('--group', metavar='GROUP', help='the group')
+            member.add_argument('--account', metavar='USER', help='the user or service account')
+    return parser.parse_args(argv)
+
+
+def run(connection, options):
+    """The answer of the command the options name."""
+    command = options.command
+    if command == 'list':
+        if options.resource is not None:
+            vpnrouter_users.check_resource(connection, options.resource)
+        return vpnrouter_users.list_roles(connection, options.resource)
+    if command == 'add':
+        role = vpnrouter_users.role_add(connection, options.resource, options.role, options.description)
+    elif command == 'remove':
+        return vpnrouter_users.role_remove(connection, options.resource, options.role)
+    elif command == 'member-add':
+        role = vpnrouter_users.role_member_add(connection, options.resource, options.role, options.group, options.account)
+    else:
+        role = vpnrouter_users.role_member_remove(connection, options.resource, options.role, options.group, options.account)
+    return {'resource': options.resource, **role}
+
+
+def text_of(answer):
+    """The answer as text for people."""
+    if answer.get('removed'):
+        return f'role {answer["name"]} of {answer["resource"]} removed'
+    roles = answer['roles'] if 'roles' in answer else [answer]
+    if not roles:
+        return 'no roles'
+    head = ('RESOURCE', 'ROLE', 'GROUPS', 'ACCOUNTS', 'DESCRIPTION')
+    rows = [(role['resource'], role['name'], ', '.join(role['groups']) or '-', ', '.join(role['accounts']) or '-',
+             role['description'] or '-') for role in roles]
+    widths = [max(len(row[column]) for row in (head, *rows)) for column in range(len(head))]
+    return '\n'.join('  '.join(cell.ljust(width) for cell, width in zip(row, widths)).rstrip() for row in (head, *rows))
+
+
+def main(argv):
+    # A request that cannot be parsed is answered in JSON when --json is among the arguments.
+    as_json = '--json' in argv
+    try:
+        options = parse(argv)
+        as_json = options.json
+        with vpnrouter_users.session() as connection:
+            answer = run(connection, options)
+    except Failure as failure:
+        message, status = str(failure), failure.status
+    except (ldap.LDAPError, OSError) as exc:
+        message, status = f'the user directory failed: {exc}', 1
+    else:
+        print(json.dumps(answer) if as_json else text_of(answer))
+        return 0
+    if as_json:
+        print(json.dumps({'error': message}))
+    else:
+        print(f'vpn-router-role: {message}', file=sys.stderr)
+    return status
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    sys.exit(main(sys.argv[1:]))

debian-package/src/usr/sbin/vpn-router-site

@@ -0,0 +1,157 @@
+#!/usr/bin/python3
+"""Manage the web sites Caddy serves from the command line, with vpnrouter_sites.
+
+A site has a name, which also names its folder in /var/lib/vpn-router/sites, host names, a port, the interfaces whose
+firewall opens it, TLS (none, acme, ca with --ca, or file with --certificate and --key), the file served for a folder,
+whether any path without a file is served that file of the site (--spa), and the group whose members change its files.
+A change is applied by restarting vpn-router-setup without waiting for it. The answer is text for people on standard
+output, and a failure is a message on standard error. With --json the answer is JSON on standard output, and a failure
+is {"error": ...} there too. The exit status says what failed: 2 the request is invalid, 3 the site does not exist, 4
+the site exists, 1 anything else. -h or --help shows the commands and their options.
+
+  vpn-router-site [--json] list
+  vpn-router-site [--json] show <name>
+  vpn-router-site [--json] add <name> [options]
+  vpn-router-site [--json] update <name> [options]
+  vpn-router-site [--json] remove <name> [--content]
+
+  options: [--host H ...] [--no-hosts] [--port P] [--listen internal|external|both] [--tls none|acme|ca|file]
+           [--ca NAME] [--certificate FILE] [--key FILE] [--index FILE] [--spa | --no-spa]
+           [--enabled | --no-enabled] [--editors GROUP]
+"""
+
+import argparse
+import json
+import subprocess
+import sys
+
+sys.path.insert(0, '/usr/lib/vpn-router')
+
+import ldap
+
+import vpnrouter
+import vpnrouter_sites
+from vpnrouter_sites import Failure
+
+#: The help line of each command.
+HELP = {
+    'list': 'list the sites',
+    'show': 'show a site',
+    'add': 'add a site',
+    'update': 'change the settings of a site',
+    'remove': 'remove a site; its folder is kept without --content',
+}
+
+
+class Parser(argparse.ArgumentParser):
+    """An argument parser whose errors are Failures with status 2, so that --json answers them as JSON."""
+
+    def error(self, message):
+        raise Failure(f'{message}; see {self.prog} --help', 2)
+
+
+def parse(argv):
+    parser = Parser(prog='vpn-router-site', description='Manage the web sites of the router.')
+    parser.add_argument('--json', action='store_true', help='answer in JSON')
+    commands = parser.add_subparsers(dest='command', required=True, metavar='command', parser_class=Parser)
+    for command, text in HELP.items():
+        sub = commands.add_parser(command, help=text, description=text[0].upper() + text[1:] + '.')
+        if command != 'list':
+            sub.add_argument('name', help='the site name')
+        if command in ('add', 'update'):
+            sub.add_argument('--host', dest='hosts', action='append', metavar='HOST',
+                             help='a host name; give it once for each name, replacing the current ones')
+            sub.add_argument('--no-hosts', action='store_true', help='answer any host name')
+            sub.add_argument('--port', type=int, metavar='PORT', help='the TCP port')
+            sub.add_argument('--listen', choices=vpnrouter_sites.LISTEN, help='the interfaces whose firewall opens the port')
+            sub.add_argument('--tls', choices=vpnrouter_sites.TLS, help='where the certificate comes from')
+            sub.add_argument('--ca', metavar='NAME', help='the issuing CA of tls ca')
+            sub.add_argument('--certificate', metavar='FILE', help='the PEM certificate chain of tls file')
+            sub.add_argument('--key', metavar='FILE', help='the PEM private key of tls file')
+            sub.add_argument('--index', metavar='FILE', help='the file served for a folder')
+            sub.add_argument('--spa', action=argparse.BooleanOptionalAction, help='serve the index of the site for any '
+                             'path without a file')
+            sub.add_argument('--enabled', action=argparse.BooleanOptionalAction, help='serve the site')
+            sub.add_argument('--editors', metavar='GROUP', help="the group whose members change the files; '' for none")
+        if command == 'remove':
+            sub.add_argument('--content', action='store_true', help='remove the site\'s folder too')
+    return parser.parse_args(argv)
+
+
+def values_of(options):
+    """The settings the options give."""
+    values = {key: getattr(options, option) for key, option in (('port', 'port'), ('listen', 'listen'), ('tls', 'tls'),
+                                                               ('ca', 'ca'), ('index_file', 'index'), ('spa', 'spa'),
+                                                               ('enabled', 'enabled'), ('editors', 'editors'))
+              if getattr(options, option) is not None}
+    if options.no_hosts:
+        values['hosts'] = []
+    elif options.hosts:
+        values['hosts'] = options.hosts
+    for key, option in (('certificate', 'certificate'), ('private_key', 'key')):
+        path = getattr(options, option)
+        if path is not None:
+            try:
+                with open(path, encoding='utf-8') as handle:
+                    values[key] = handle.read()
+            except OSError as exc:
+                raise Failure(f'{path} cannot be read: {exc.strerror}', 2)
+    return values
+
+
+def run(options):
+    """The answer of the command the options name, and whether it changed a site."""
+    command = options.command
+    if command == 'list':
+        return {'sites': vpnrouter_sites.listing()}, False
+    if command == 'show':
+        with vpnrouter_sites.database() as connection:
+            return vpnrouter_sites.shown(vpnrouter_sites.get(connection, options.name)), False
+    if command == 'remove':
+        return vpnrouter_sites.remove(options.name, options.content), True
+    cfg = vpnrouter.load_config()
+    return vpnrouter_sites.save(cfg, options.name, values_of(options), command == 'add'), True
+
+
+def text_of(answer):
+    """The answer as text for people."""
+    if answer.get('removed'):
+        return f'site {answer["name"]} removed'
+    sites = answer['sites'] if 'sites' in answer else [answer]
+    if not sites:
+        return 'no sites'
+    head = ('SITE', 'ENABLED', 'HOSTS', 'PORT', 'LISTEN', 'TLS', 'EDITORS')
+    rows = [(site['name'], 'yes' if site['enabled'] else 'no', ', '.join(site['hosts']) or '*', str(site['port']),
+             site['listen'], site['tls'] + (f' {site["ca"]}' if site['tls'] == 'ca' else ''), site['editors'] or '-')
+            for site in sites]
+    widths = [max(len(row[column]) for row in (head, *rows)) for column in range(len(head))]
+    return '\n'.join('  '.join(cell.ljust(width) for cell, width in zip(row, widths)).rstrip() for row in (head, *rows))
+
+
+def main(argv):
+    # A request that cannot be parsed is answered in JSON when --json is among the arguments.
+    as_json = '--json' in argv
+    try:
+        options = parse(argv)
+        as_json = options.json
+        answer, changed = run(options)
+    except Failure as failure:
+        message, status = str(failure), failure.status
+    except vpnrouter_sites.DatabaseError as exc:
+        message, status = str(exc), 1
+    except (ldap.LDAPError, OSError) as exc:
+        message, status = f'the user directory failed: {exc}', 1
+    else:
+        if changed:
+            subprocess.run(['systemctl', 'restart', '--no-block', 'vpn-router-setup.service'])
+        print(json.dumps(answer) if as_json else text_of(answer))
+        return 0
+    if as_json:
+        print(json.dumps({'error': message}))
+    else:
+        print(f'vpn-router-site: {message}', file=sys.stderr)
+    return status
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    sys.exit(main(sys.argv[1:]))

debian-package/src/usr/sbin/vpn-router-user

@@ -11,7 +11,19 @@ user exists, 1 anything else. -h or --help shows the commands and their options.
   vpn-router-user [--json] list
   vpn-router-user [--json] add <name> --first-name F --last-name L --email E   (password on stdin)
   vpn-router-user [--json] add <name> [--email E]   (a Manager-only account; password on stdin)
+  vpn-router-user [--json] add <name> --service [--display-name N] [--description D] [--email E]
+                  [--redirect-uri U ...] [--post-logout-redirect-uri U ...] [--allowed-group G ...]
+                  [--grant G ...] [--public-client yes|no] [--client-scope R:S ...] [--resource-scope S ...]
+                                                  (a service account; password on stdin)
   vpn-router-user [--json] update <name> [--first-name F] [--last-name L] [--email E]
+  vpn-router-user [--json] update <name> [--display-name N] [--description D] [--email E]
+                  [--redirect-uri U ...] [--post-logout-redirect-uri U ...] [--allowed-group G ...]
+                  [--grant G ...] [--public-client yes|no] [--client-scope R:S ...] [--resource-scope S ...]
+                                                  (a service account)
+
+A service account with a redirect URI or a grant (client_credentials, device_code) is a client of the OpenID Provider,
+and one with a resource scope a resource; each of the repeatable options replaces all values of its kind, and one ''
+removes them. vpn-router-role manages the roles of a resource.
   vpn-router-user [--json] passwd <name>       (password on stdin)
   vpn-router-user [--json] disable <name>
   vpn-router-user [--json] enable <name>
@@ -21,6 +33,8 @@ user exists, 1 anything else. -h or --help shows the commands and their options.
   vpn-router-user [--json] otp-new <name>
   vpn-router-user [--json] otp-enrol <name> <code>   (secret on stdin)
   vpn-router-user [--json] otp-remove <name>
+  vpn-router-user [--json] console <name> (--posix | --account LOCAL | --off)
+  vpn-router-user [--json] passkeys-remove <name>
 """
 
 import argparse
@@ -33,6 +47,7 @@ import ldap
 
 import vpnrouter
 import vpnrouter_auth
+import vpnrouter_passkeys
 import vpnrouter_users
 from vpnrouter_users import Failure
 
@@ -40,7 +55,8 @@ from vpnrouter_users import Failure
 HELP = {
     'list': 'list the users',
     'add': 'add a VPN user with the three person options and issue the certificate, or without the names a '
-           'Manager-only account, with an optional e-mail address; the password is read from standard input',
+           'Manager-only account, or with --service a service account, each with an optional e-mail address; the '
+           'password is read from standard input',
     'update': "change the first name, the last name or the e-mail address; a Manager-only account has only the "
               "e-mail address, which '' removes",
     'passwd': 'set the password, read from standard input',
@@ -52,10 +68,25 @@ HELP = {
     'otp-new': 'make a TOTP secret and its otpauth URI; nothing is stored',
     'otp-enrol': 'store the TOTP secret read from standard input, when the code is a code of it',
     'otp-remove': 'remove the TOTP token',
+    'console': "switch the console login of a member of admins with a TOTP token on, as the user's own POSIX account "
+               'in the directory or as a local account, or off',
+    'passkeys-remove': "remove all the user's passkeys",
 }
 
 #: The help of the person options.
-PERSON_HELP = {'first_name': 'the first name', 'last_name': 'the last name', 'email': 'the e-mail address'}
+PERSON_HELP = {'first_name': 'the first name', 'last_name': 'the last name', 'email': 'the e-mail address',
+               'display_name': "a service account's display name; '' removes it",
+               'description': "a service account's description; '' removes it"}
+
+#: The OpenID Provider client settings of a service account, their options and help.
+CLIENT_OPTIONS = (
+    ('redirect_uris', 'redirect-uri', 'a redirect URI of the OpenID Provider client'),
+    ('post_logout_redirect_uris', 'post-logout-redirect-uri', 'a post-logout redirect URI of the OpenID Provider client'),
+    ('allowed_groups', 'allowed-group', 'a group whose members may sign in to the OpenID Provider client'),
+    ('grants', 'grant', 'a grant the client may use besides the authorization code: client_credentials or device_code'),
+    ('client_scopes', 'client-scope', 'a scope of a resource the client may ask for, <resource>:<scope>'),
+    ('resource_scopes', 'resource-scope', 'a scope the service account defines as a resource'),
+)
 
 
 class Parser(argparse.ArgumentParser):
@@ -74,10 +105,22 @@ def parse(argv):
         if command != 'list':
             sub.add_argument('name', help='the user name')
         if command in ('add', 'update'):
-            for key, _ in vpnrouter_users.PERSON:
+            for key, _ in vpnrouter_users.PERSON + vpnrouter_users.LABELS:
                 sub.add_argument(f'--{key.replace("_", "-")}', dest=key, metavar='TEXT', help=PERSON_HELP[key])
+            for key, option, text in CLIENT_OPTIONS:
+                sub.add_argument(f'--{option}', dest=key, action='append', metavar='VALUE',
+                                 help=f"{text}, of a service account; repeat it for more, '' for none")
+            sub.add_argument('--public-client', choices=('yes', 'no'),
+                             help='whether the client of a service account is public, without a secret')
+        if command == 'add':
+            sub.add_argument('--service', action='store_true', help='add a service account, which cannot sign in to the web service')
         if command == 'otp-enrol':
             sub.add_argument('code', help='a code of the secret from the authenticator')
+        if command == 'console':
+            choice = sub.add_mutually_exclusive_group(required=True)
+            choice.add_argument('--posix', action='store_true', help="run the console as the user's own POSIX account")
+            choice.add_argument('--account', metavar='LOCAL', help='run the console as this local account')
+            choice.add_argument('--off', action='store_true', help='switch console login off')
     return parser.parse_args(argv)
 
 
@@ -91,18 +134,55 @@ def run(connection, options, secret):
     command = options.command
     if command == 'list':
         return vpnrouter_users.list_users(connection)
-    values = {key: getattr(options, key, None) for key, _ in vpnrouter_users.PERSON}
+    values = {key: getattr(options, key, None) for key, _ in vpnrouter_users.PERSON + vpnrouter_users.LABELS}
+    for key, _, _ in CLIENT_OPTIONS:
+        given = getattr(options, key, None)
+        if given is not None:
+            values[key] = [value for value in given if value]
+    if getattr(options, 'public_client', None) is not None:
+        values['public_client'] = options.public_client == 'yes'
     if command == 'add':
-        return vpnrouter_users.add(connection, options.name, secret, values)
+        return vpnrouter_users.add(connection, options.name, secret, values, service=options.service)
     if command == 'update':
         return vpnrouter_users.update(connection, options.name, values)
     if command == 'passwd':
         return vpnrouter_users.passwd(connection, options.name, secret)
     if command == 'otp-enrol':
         return vpnrouter_users.otp_enrol(connection, options.name, secret, options.code)
+    if command == 'console':
+        return vpnrouter_users.console(connection, options.name, not options.off, options.account)
+    if command == 'passkeys-remove':
+        return vpnrouter_passkeys.remove(connection, options.name)
     return getattr(vpnrouter_users, command.replace('-', '_'))(connection, options.name)
 
 
+def console_text(user):
+    """The console login of a user as a cell: -, off, posix (uid N) or local and the account, refused without a TOTP
+    token."""
+    console = user['console']
+    if console is None or not console['enabled']:
+        return '-' if console is None else 'off'
+    text = f'local {console["account"]}' if console['local'] else f'posix (uid {console["uid"]})'
+    return text if user['otp'] else f'{text}, refused: no OTP'
+
+
+def client_text(user):
+    """The OpenID Provider settings of a service account as a cell: -, or the numbers of its URIs, its allowed groups,
+    grants, public, its client scopes and its resource scopes."""
+    parts = []
+    if user.get('redirect_uris'):
+        groups = ','.join(user['allowed_groups']) or 'all users'
+        parts.append(f'{len(user["redirect_uris"])} redirect, {len(user["post_logout_redirect_uris"])} logout, {groups}')
+    parts += user.get('grants') or []
+    if user.get('public_client'):
+        parts.append('public')
+    if user.get('client_scopes'):
+        parts.append('asks ' + ','.join(user['client_scopes']))
+    if user.get('resource_scopes'):
+        parts.append('defines ' + ','.join(user['resource_scopes']))
+    return '; '.join(parts) or '-'
+
+
 def text_of(answer):
     """The answer as text for people."""
     if 'profile' in answer:
@@ -114,11 +194,13 @@ def text_of(answer):
     users = answer['users'] if 'users' in answer else [answer]
     if not users:
         return 'no users'
-    head = ('USER', 'KIND', 'STATE', 'CERTIFICATE', 'OTP', 'FIRST NAME', 'LAST NAME', 'E-MAIL')
-    rows = [(user['name'], 'manager' if user['manager_only'] else 'vpn',
+    head = ('USER', 'KIND', 'STATE', 'CERTIFICATE', 'OTP', 'PASSKEYS', 'CONSOLE', 'FIRST NAME', 'LAST NAME', 'E-MAIL',
+            'OIDC CLIENT')
+    rows = [(user['name'], 'internal' if user['internal'] else 'service' if user['service'] else 'manager' if user['manager_only'] else 'vpn',
              'disabled' if not user['enabled'] else 'locked' if user['locked'] else 'enabled',
              'issued' if user['certificate'] else 'missing',
-             'enrolled' if user['otp'] else '-', user['first_name'] or '-', user['last_name'] or '-', user['email'] or '-')
+             'enrolled' if user['otp'] else '-', str(len(user['passkeys'])) if user['passkeys'] else '-', console_text(user),
+             user['first_name'] or '-', user['last_name'] or '-', user['email'] or '-', client_text(user))
             for user in users]
     widths = [max(len(row[column]) for row in (head, *rows)) for column in range(len(head))]
     return '\n'.join('  '.join(cell.ljust(width) for cell, width in zip(row, widths)).rstrip() for row in (head, *rows))

debian-package/src/usr/share/bash-completion/completions/vpn-config-edit.bash

@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+# bash completion for vpn-config-edit                                  -*- shell-script -*-
+
+# Python of the package that answers from its schema (vpnrouter.SCHEMA, vpnrouter.CONNECTION) and, read as root, the
+# site-to-site connections of the configuration: settings prints SECTION.OPTION of every setting and
+# site_to_site.NAME.OPTION of every connection, connections site_to_site.NAME, and values the values of a boolean
+# setting, $1.
+_vpn_config_edit_python()
+{
+    python3 -c '
+import sys
+sys.path.insert(0, "/usr/lib/vpn-router")
+import vpnrouter
+try:
+    connections = vpnrouter.read_settings().get("site_to_site", {})
+except (OSError, vpnrouter.ConfigError):
+    connections = {}
+if sys.argv[1] == "settings":
+    print("\n".join(f"{section}.{option}" for section, options in vpnrouter.SCHEMA.items() for option in options))
+    print("\n".join(f"site_to_site.{name}.{option}" for name in connections for option in vpnrouter.CONNECTION))
+elif sys.argv[1] == "connections":
+    print("\n".join(f"site_to_site.{name}" for name in connections))
+else:
+    section, _, option = sys.argv[2].rpartition(".")
+    defaults = vpnrouter.CONNECTION if section.startswith("site_to_site.") else vpnrouter.SCHEMA.get(section, {})
+    if isinstance(defaults.get(option), bool):
+        print("true\nfalse")
+' "$@" 2>/dev/null
+}
+
+_vpn_config_edit()
+{
+    local cur prev words cword split
+    _init_completion -s || return
+
+    # The command is the first word that is not an option; the arguments are the words after it.
+    local i command='' args=()
+    for ((i = 1; i < cword; i++)); do
+        if [[ -z $command ]]; then
+            [[ ${words[i]} != -* ]] && command=${words[i]}
+        elif [[ ${words[i]} != -* ]]; then
+            args+=("${words[i]}")
+        fi
+    done
+
+    if [[ $cur == -* ]]; then
+        COMPREPLY=($(compgen -W "--help$([[ $command == @(set|remove) ]] && echo ' --restart')" -- "$cur"))
+        return
+    fi
+
+    case $command,${#args[@]} in
+        ,*) COMPREPLY=($(compgen -W 'show set remove' -- "$cur")) ;;
+        set,0) COMPREPLY=($(compgen -W "$(_vpn_config_edit_python settings)" -- "$cur")) ;;
+        set,1) COMPREPLY=($(compgen -W "$(_vpn_config_edit_python values "${args[0]}")" -- "$cur")) ;;
+        remove,0) COMPREPLY=($(compgen -W "$(_vpn_config_edit_python connections)" -- "$cur")) ;;
+    esac
+} &&
+    complete -F _vpn_config_edit vpn-config-edit
+
+# ex: filetype=sh

debian-package/src/usr/share/bash-completion/completions/vpn-router-backup.bash

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+# bash completion for vpn-router-backup                                -*- shell-script -*-
+
+_vpn_router_backup()
+{
+    local cur prev words cword split
+    _init_completion -s || return
+
+    # The command is the first word that is not an option; the arguments are the words after it.
+    local i command='' args=0 pbs=false
+    for ((i = 1; i < cword; i++)); do
+        if [[ -z $command ]]; then
+            [[ ${words[i]} != -* ]] && command=${words[i]}
+        elif [[ ${words[i]} == --pbs ]]; then
+            pbs=true
+        elif [[ ${words[i]} != -* ]]; then
+            ((args++))
+        fi
+    done
+
+    if [[ -z $command ]]; then
+        if [[ $cur == -* ]]; then
+            COMPREPLY=($(compgen -W '--help' -- "$cur"))
+        else
+            COMPREPLY=($(compgen -W 'run list restore' -- "$cur"))
+        fi
+        return
+    fi
+
+    if [[ $cur == -* ]]; then
+        COMPREPLY=($(compgen -W "--help$([[ $command == restore ]] && echo ' --pbs --yes')" -- "$cur"))
+        return
+    fi
+
+    # restore takes a local archive, or with --pbs a snapshot name, which vpn-router-backup list shows.
+    if [[ $command == restore ]] && ((args == 0)) && ! $pbs; then
+        _filedir
+    fi
+} &&
+    complete -F _vpn_router_backup vpn-router-backup
+
+# ex: filetype=sh

debian-package/src/usr/share/bash-completion/completions/vpn-router-ca.bash

@@ -0,0 +1,98 @@
+# bash completion for vpn-router-ca                                    -*- shell-script -*-
+
+# Python of the package that prints the revocation reasons (reasons) or, from the configuration read as root, the
+# issuing CAs (cas) or the certificate templates (templates), which other users do not get.
+_vpn_router_ca_python()
+{
+    python3 -c '
+import sys
+sys.path.insert(0, "/usr/lib/vpn-router")
+import vpnrouter
+import vpnrouter_pki
+if sys.argv[1] == "reasons":
+    print("\n".join(vpnrouter_pki.REASONS))
+else:
+    cfg = vpnrouter.load_config()
+    print("\n".join(vpnrouter.issuing_cas(cfg) if sys.argv[1] == "cas" else vpnrouter.pki_templates(cfg)))
+' "$@" 2>/dev/null
+}
+
+_vpn_router_ca()
+{
+    local cur prev words cword split
+    _init_completion -s || return
+
+    # The command and, for ca and root, the action are the first words that are not options; the arguments are the
+    # words after them but option values.
+    local i command='' action='' args=0
+    for ((i = 1; i < cword; i++)); do
+        case ${words[i]} in
+            --ca | --template | --csr | --subject | --san | --pfx | --reason | --out) ((i++)) ;;
+            -*) ;;
+            *)
+                if [[ -z $command ]]; then
+                    command=${words[i]}
+                elif [[ $command == @(ca|root) && -z $action ]]; then
+                    action=${words[i]}
+                else
+                    ((args++))
+                fi
+                ;;
+        esac
+    done
+
+    case $prev in
+        --ca)
+            COMPREPLY=($(compgen -W "$(_vpn_router_ca_python cas)" -- "$cur"))
+            return
+            ;;
+        --template)
+            COMPREPLY=($(compgen -W "$(_vpn_router_ca_python templates)" -- "$cur"))
+            return
+            ;;
+        --reason)
+            COMPREPLY=($(compgen -W "$(_vpn_router_ca_python reasons)" -- "$cur"))
+            return
+            ;;
+        --csr | --pfx | --out)
+            _filedir
+            return
+            ;;
+        --subject | --san)
+            return
+            ;;
+    esac
+    $split && return
+
+    if [[ -z $command ]]; then
+        if [[ $cur == -* ]]; then
+            COMPREPLY=($(compgen -W '--json --help' -- "$cur"))
+        else
+            COMPREPLY=($(compgen -W 'status list issue revoke maintain ca root' -- "$cur"))
+        fi
+        return
+    fi
+
+    if [[ $cur == -* ]]; then
+        local options='--help'
+        case $command$action in
+            list) options+=' --ca' ;;
+            issue) options+=' --ca --template --csr --subject --san --pfx' ;;
+            revoke) options+=' --reason' ;;
+            rootexport-key) options+=' --out' ;;
+            rootremove-key) options+=' --yes' ;;
+        esac
+        COMPREPLY=($(compgen -W "$options" -- "$cur"))
+        return
+    fi
+
+    case $command,$action,$args in
+        ca,,*) COMPREPLY=($(compgen -W 'csr import' -- "$cur")) ;;
+        root,,*) COMPREPLY=($(compgen -W 'export-key remove-key import-key import-crl' -- "$cur")) ;;
+        ca,*,0) COMPREPLY=($(compgen -W "$(_vpn_router_ca_python cas)" -- "$cur")) ;;
+        ca,import,1 | root,import-key,0 | root,import-crl,0) _filedir ;;
+    esac
+} &&
+    complete -F _vpn_router_ca vpn-router-ca
+
+# ex: filetype=sh

debian-package/src/usr/share/bash-completion/completions/vpn-router-caddy.bash

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+# bash completion for vpn-router-caddy                                 -*- shell-script -*-
+
+_vpn_router_caddy()
+{
+    local cur prev words cword
+    _init_completion || return
+
+    # After the command only --help is left.
+    local word
+    for word in "${words[@]:1:cword-1}"; do
+        if [[ $word != -* ]]; then
+            [[ $cur == -* ]] && COMPREPLY=($(compgen -W '--help' -- "$cur"))
+            return
+        fi
+    done
+    if [[ $cur == -* ]]; then
+        COMPREPLY=($(compgen -W '--json --help' -- "$cur"))
+    else
+        COMPREPLY=($(compgen -W 'status apply use-upstream' -- "$cur"))
+    fi
+} &&
+    complete -F _vpn_router_caddy vpn-router-caddy
+
+# ex: filetype=sh

debian-package/src/usr/share/bash-completion/completions/vpn-router-group.bash

@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+# bash completion for vpn-router-group                                 -*- shell-script -*-
+
+# The names of the users and of the groups of the router's directory, read as root; nothing for other users.
+_vpn_router_group_users()
+{
+    vpn-router-user --json list 2>/dev/null |
+        python3 -c 'import json, sys; print("\n".join(user["name"] for user in json.load(sys.stdin)["users"]))' 2>/dev/null
+}
+
+_vpn_router_group_names()
+{
+    vpn-router-group --json list 2>/dev/null |
+        python3 -c 'import json, sys; print("\n".join(group["name"] for group in json.load(sys.stdin)["groups"]))' 2>/dev/null
+}
+
+_vpn_router_group()
+{
+    local cur prev words cword split
+    _init_completion -s || return
+
+    # The command is the first word that is not an option; the arguments are the words after it but option values.
+    local i command='' args=0
+    for ((i = 1; i < cword; i++)); do
+        if [[ -z $command ]]; then
+            [[ ${words[i]} != -* ]] && command=${words[i]}
+            continue
+        fi
+        case ${words[i]} in
+            --member | --description | --name) ((i++)) ;;
+            -*) ;;
+            *) ((args++)) ;;
+        esac
+    done
+
+    if [[ -z $command ]]; then
+        if [[ $cur == -* ]]; then
+            COMPREPLY=($(compgen -W '--json --help' -- "$cur"))
+        else
+            COMPREPLY=($(compgen -W 'list add update remove member-add member-remove' -- "$cur"))
+        fi
+        return
+    fi
+
+    case $prev in
+        --member)
+            COMPREPLY=($(compgen -W "$(_vpn_router_group_users)" -- "$cur"))
+            return
+            ;;
+        --description | --name)
+            return
+            ;;
+    esac
+    $split && return
+
+    if [[ $cur == -* ]]; then
+        local options='--help'
+        case $command in
+            add) options+=' --member --description' ;;
+            update) options+=' --name --description' ;;
+        esac
+        COMPREPLY=($(compgen -W "$options" -- "$cur"))
+        return
+    fi
+
+    # The group, which add takes new, then the user of member-add and member-remove.
+    if ((args == 0)) && [[ $command != @(list|add) ]]; then
+        COMPREPLY=($(compgen -W "$(_vpn_router_group_names)" -- "$cur"))
+    elif ((args == 1)) && [[ $command == member-@(add|remove) ]]; then
+        COMPREPLY=($(compgen -W "$(_vpn_router_group_users)" -- "$cur"))
+    fi
+} &&
+    complete -F _vpn_router_group vpn-router-group
+
+# ex: filetype=sh

debian-package/src/usr/share/bash-completion/completions/vpn-router-role.bash

@@ -0,0 +1,94 @@
+# bash completion for vpn-router-role                                  -*- shell-script -*-
+
+# The service accounts, the users, the groups and the roles of a resource of the router's directory, read as root;
+# nothing for other users.
+_vpn_router_role_resources()
+{
+    vpn-router-user --json list 2>/dev/null |
+        python3 -c 'import json, sys; print("\n".join(user["name"] for user in json.load(sys.stdin)["users"] if user["service"]))' 2>/dev/null
+}
+
+_vpn_router_role_accounts()
+{
+    vpn-router-user --json list 2>/dev/null |
+        python3 -c 'import json, sys; print("\n".join(user["name"] for user in json.load(sys.stdin)["users"]))' 2>/dev/null
+}
+
+_vpn_router_role_groups()
+{
+    vpn-router-group --json list 2>/dev/null |
+        python3 -c 'import json, sys; print("\n".join(group["name"] for group in json.load(sys.stdin)["groups"]))' 2>/dev/null
+}
+
+_vpn_router_role_names()
+{
+    vpn-router-role --json list "$1" 2>/dev/null |
+        python3 -c 'import json, sys; print("\n".join(role["name"] for role in json.load(sys.stdin)["roles"]))' 2>/dev/null
+}
+
+_vpn_router_role()
+{
+    local cur prev words cword split
+    _init_completion -s || return
+
+    # The command is the first word that is not an option; the arguments are the words after it but option values.
+    local i command='' args=0 resource=''
+    for ((i = 1; i < cword; i++)); do
+        if [[ -z $command ]]; then
+            [[ ${words[i]} != -* ]] && command=${words[i]}
+            continue
+        fi
+        case ${words[i]} in
+            --description | --group | --account) ((i++)) ;;
+            -*) ;;
+            *)
+                ((args == 0)) && resource=${words[i]}
+                ((args++))
+                ;;
+        esac
+    done
+
+    if [[ -z $command ]]; then
+        if [[ $cur == -* ]]; then
+            COMPREPLY=($(compgen -W '--json --help' -- "$cur"))
+        else
+            COMPREPLY=($(compgen -W 'list add remove member-add member-remove' -- "$cur"))
+        fi
+        return
+    fi
+
+    case $prev in
+        --group)
+            COMPREPLY=($(compgen -W "$(_vpn_router_role_groups)" -- "$cur"))
+            return
+            ;;
+        --account)
+            COMPREPLY=($(compgen -W "$(_vpn_router_role_accounts)" -- "$cur"))
+            return
+            ;;
+        --description)
+            return
+            ;;
+    esac
+    $split && return
+
+    if [[ $cur == -* ]]; then
+        local options='--help'
+        case $command in
+            add) options+=' --description' ;;
+            member-add | member-remove) options+=' --group --account' ;;
+        esac
+        COMPREPLY=($(compgen -W "$options" -- "$cur"))
+        return
+    fi
+
+    # The resource, then the role, which add takes new.
+    if ((args == 0)); then
+        COMPREPLY=($(compgen -W "$(_vpn_router_role_resources)" -- "$cur"))
+    elif ((args == 1)) && [[ $command != @(list|add) ]]; then
+        COMPREPLY=($(compgen -W "$(_vpn_router_role_names "$resource")" -- "$cur"))
+    fi
+} &&
+    complete -F _vpn_router_role vpn-router-role
+
+# ex: filetype=sh

debian-package/src/usr/share/bash-completion/completions/vpn-router-site.bash

@@ -0,0 +1,95 @@
+# bash completion for vpn-router-site                                  -*- shell-script -*-
+
+# The names of the sites, of the groups and of the general-purpose issuing CAs, read as root; nothing for other users.
+_vpn_router_site_names()
+{
+    vpn-router-site --json list 2>/dev/null |
+        python3 -c 'import json, sys; print("\n".join(site["name"] for site in json.load(sys.stdin)["sites"]))' 2>/dev/null
+}
+
+_vpn_router_site_groups()
+{
+    vpn-router-group --json list 2>/dev/null |
+        python3 -c 'import json, sys; print("\n".join(group["name"] for group in json.load(sys.stdin)["groups"]))' 2>/dev/null
+}
+
+_vpn_router_site_cas()
+{
+    python3 -c 'import sys; sys.path.insert(0, "/usr/lib/vpn-router"); import vpnrouter
+print("\n".join(vpnrouter.load_config()["pki"]["issuing_cas"]))' 2>/dev/null
+}
+
+_vpn_router_site()
+{
+    local cur prev words cword split
+    _init_completion -s || return
+
+    # The command is the first word that is not an option; the arguments are the words after it but option values.
+    local i command='' args=0
+    for ((i = 1; i < cword; i++)); do
+        if [[ -z $command ]]; then
+            [[ ${words[i]} != -* ]] && command=${words[i]}
+            continue
+        fi
+        case ${words[i]} in
+            --host | --port | --listen | --tls | --ca | --certificate | --key | --index | --editors) ((i++)) ;;
+            -*) ;;
+            *) ((args++)) ;;
+        esac
+    done
+
+    if [[ -z $command ]]; then
+        if [[ $cur == -* ]]; then
+            COMPREPLY=($(compgen -W '--json --help' -- "$cur"))
+        else
+            COMPREPLY=($(compgen -W 'list show add update remove' -- "$cur"))
+        fi
+        return
+    fi
+
+    case $prev in
+        --listen)
+            COMPREPLY=($(compgen -W 'internal external both' -- "$cur"))
+            return
+            ;;
+        --tls)
+            COMPREPLY=($(compgen -W 'none acme ca file' -- "$cur"))
+            return
+            ;;
+        --ca)
+            COMPREPLY=($(compgen -W "$(_vpn_router_site_cas)" -- "$cur"))
+            return
+            ;;
+        --editors)
+            COMPREPLY=($(compgen -W "$(_vpn_router_site_groups)" -- "$cur"))
+            return
+            ;;
+        --certificate | --key)
+            _filedir
+            return
+            ;;
+        --host | --port | --index)
+            return
+            ;;
+    esac
+    $split && return
+
+    if [[ $cur == -* ]]; then
+        local options='--help'
+        case $command in
+            add | update) options+=' --host --no-hosts --port --listen --tls --ca --certificate --key --index --spa
+                --no-spa --enabled --no-enabled --editors' ;;
+            remove) options+=' --content' ;;
+        esac
+        COMPREPLY=($(compgen -W "$options" -- "$cur"))
+        return
+    fi
+
+    # The site, which add takes new.
+    if ((args == 0)) && [[ $command != @(list|add) ]]; then
+        COMPREPLY=($(compgen -W "$(_vpn_router_site_names)" -- "$cur"))
+    fi
+} &&
+    complete -F _vpn_router_site vpn-router-site
+
+# ex: filetype=sh

debian-package/src/usr/share/bash-completion/completions/vpn-router-token.bash

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+# bash completion for vpn-router-token                                 -*- shell-script -*-
+
+_vpn_router_token()
+{
+    local cur prev words cword split
+    _init_completion -s || return
+
+    case $prev in
+        --minutes | --hours | --days)
+            return
+            ;;
+    esac
+    $split && return
+
+    # The lifetime is one of --minutes, --hours and --days.
+    local options='--json --help' word
+    for word in "${words[@]:1:cword-1}"; do
+        [[ $word == --@(minutes|hours|days)* ]] && break
+    done
+    [[ $word == --@(minutes|hours|days)* ]] || options+=' --minutes --hours --days'
+    COMPREPLY=($(compgen -W "$options" -- "$cur"))
+} &&
+    complete -F _vpn_router_token vpn-router-token
+
+# ex: filetype=sh

debian-package/src/usr/share/bash-completion/completions/vpn-router-user.bash

@@ -0,0 +1,108 @@
+# bash completion for vpn-router-user                                  -*- shell-script -*-
+
+# The names of the users and of the groups of the router's directory, read as root; nothing for other users.
+_vpn_router_user_names()
+{
+    vpn-router-user --json list 2>/dev/null |
+        python3 -c 'import json, sys; print("\n".join(user["name"] for user in json.load(sys.stdin)["users"]))' 2>/dev/null
+}
+
+_vpn_router_user_groups()
+{
+    vpn-router-group --json list 2>/dev/null |
+        python3 -c 'import json, sys; print("\n".join(group["name"] for group in json.load(sys.stdin)["groups"]))' 2>/dev/null
+}
+
+# The scopes of the resources, <resource>:<scope>, read as root.
+_vpn_router_user_scopes()
+{
+    vpn-router-user --json list 2>/dev/null |
+        python3 -c 'import json, sys; print("\n".join(user["name"] + ":" + scope for user in json.load(sys.stdin)["users"]
+                                                       for scope in user.get("resource_scopes", [])))' 2>/dev/null
+}
+
+_vpn_router_user()
+{
+    local cur prev words cword split
+    _init_completion -s || return
+
+    local commands='list add update passwd disable enable unlock remove profile otp-new otp-enrol otp-remove console
+        passkeys-remove'
+
+    # The command is the first word that is not an option; the arguments are the words after it but option values.
+    local i command='' args=0
+    for ((i = 1; i < cword; i++)); do
+        if [[ -z $command ]]; then
+            [[ ${words[i]} != -* ]] && command=${words[i]}
+            continue
+        fi
+        case ${words[i]} in
+            --first-name | --last-name | --email | --display-name | --description | --redirect-uri | \
+                --post-logout-redirect-uri | --allowed-group | --account | --grant | --public-client | --client-scope | \
+                --resource-scope) ((i++)) ;;
+            -*) ;;
+            *) ((args++)) ;;
+        esac
+    done
+
+    if [[ -z $command ]]; then
+        if [[ $cur == -* ]]; then
+            COMPREPLY=($(compgen -W '--json --help' -- "$cur"))
+        else
+            COMPREPLY=($(compgen -W "$commands" -- "$cur"))
+        fi
+        return
+    fi
+
+    case $prev in
+        --allowed-group)
+            COMPREPLY=($(compgen -W "$(_vpn_router_user_groups)" -- "$cur"))
+            return
+            ;;
+        --grant)
+            COMPREPLY=($(compgen -W 'client_credentials device_code' -- "$cur"))
+            return
+            ;;
+        --public-client)
+            COMPREPLY=($(compgen -W 'yes no' -- "$cur"))
+            return
+            ;;
+        --client-scope)
+            COMPREPLY=($(compgen -W "$(_vpn_router_user_scopes)" -- "$cur"))
+            return
+            ;;
+        --resource-scope)
+            return
+            ;;
+        --account)
+            # The local accounts console --account takes: a uid from 1000 to 19999, not nobody.
+            COMPREPLY=($(compgen -W "$(getent passwd | awk -F: '$3 >= 1000 && $3 < 20000 && $1 != "nobody" { print $1 }')" -- "$cur"))
+            return
+            ;;
+        --first-name | --last-name | --email | --display-name | --description | --redirect-uri | --post-logout-redirect-uri)
+            return
+            ;;
+    esac
+    $split && return
+
+    if [[ $cur == -* ]]; then
+        local options='--help'
+        case $command in
+            add) options+=' --first-name --last-name --email --service --display-name --description --redirect-uri
+                --post-logout-redirect-uri --allowed-group --grant --public-client --client-scope --resource-scope' ;;
+            update) options+=' --first-name --last-name --email --display-name --description --redirect-uri
+                --post-logout-redirect-uri --allowed-group --grant --public-client --client-scope --resource-scope' ;;
+            console) options+=' --posix --account --off' ;;
+        esac
+        COMPREPLY=($(compgen -W "$options" -- "$cur"))
+        return
+    fi
+
+    # The user name, which add takes new; otp-enrol then takes a code.
+    if ((args == 0)) && [[ $command != @(list|add) ]]; then
+        COMPREPLY=($(compgen -W "$(_vpn_router_user_names)" -- "$cur"))
+    fi
+} &&
+    complete -F _vpn_router_user vpn-router-user
+
+# ex: filetype=sh

debian-package/src/usr/share/doc/vpn-router/vpn-router.json.example

@@ -8,25 +8,38 @@
     "internal": "eth1"
   },
   "wan": {
-    "local_fqdn": "router.example.com",
-    "local_id_mode": "fqdn"
+    "local_fqdn": "router.example.com"
   },
   "local": {
     "cidrs": ["10.0.0.0/24"],
     "int_addr": "10.1.1.4",
     "int_gateway_ip": "10.1.1.1"
   },
-  "remote": {
-    "addrs": ["peer.example.net"],
-    "id": "peer.example.net",
-    "cidrs": ["192.168.0.0/24"],
-    "psk": "change-me",
-    "psk_file": ""
+  "site_to_site": {
+    "remote-site": {
+      "addrs": ["peer.example.net"],
+      "id": "peer.example.net",
+      "cidrs": ["192.168.0.0/24"],
+      "local_cidrs": ["10.0.0.0/24"],
+      "local_id_mode": "fqdn",
+      "auth": "psk",
+      "psk": "change-me",
+      "psk_file": "",
+      "remote_ca": ""
+    },
+    "branch": {
+      "addrs": ["branch.example.org"],
+      "id": "branch.example.org",
+      "cidrs": ["192.168.10.0/24"],
+      "local_cidrs": ["10.0.0.0/24"],
+      "local_id_mode": "fqdn",
+      "auth": "certificate"
+    }
   },
   "p2s": {
     "enabled": false,
     "address_pool": "172.16.0.0/24",
-    "ca_name": "VPN Router CA"
+    "dns_listen": "internal"
   },
   "wireguard": {
     "enabled": false,
@@ -48,12 +61,98 @@
     "listen": "both",
     "port": 7081,
     "database": "",
-    "trusted_proxies": []
+    "trusted_proxies": [],
+    "status_content": "basic",
+    "shell": false,
+    "shell_idle_minutes": 15,
+    "shell_auth_timeout": 15,
+    "log_files": ["/var/log/syslog", "/var/log/auth.log"]
+  },
+  "ssh": {
+    "ldap_login": false
   },
   "https": {
     "enabled": true,
     "email": "",
     "web_port": 7444,
-    "manager_port": 7443
+    "manager_port": 7443,
+    "caddy_source": "ubuntu"
+  },
+  "oidc": {
+    "enabled": false
+  },
+  "sites": {
+    "enabled": false,
+    "upload_max_mb": 512,
+    "webdav": false,
+    "webdav_port": 7445
+  },
+  "dns": {
+    "enabled": false,
+    "nameserver": "",
+    "addresses": [],
+    "listen": "external",
+    "ttl": 300
+  },
+  "pki": {
+    "root_name": "VPN Router Root CA",
+    "root_days": 7300,
+    "ca_days": 3650,
+    "key": "rsa-4096",
+    "crl_days": 7,
+    "root_crl_days": 180,
+    "publish": ["http"],
+    "p2s_name": "VPN Router P2S CA",
+    "s2s_name": "VPN Router Site-to-Site CA",
+    "issuing_cas": {
+      "servers": {
+        "name": "VPN Router Server CA",
+        "templates": ["server"],
+        "acme": false
+      }
+    },
+    "templates": {
+      "server": {
+        "days": 397
+      }
+    },
+    "extended_key_usages": {
+      "smartcard_logon": "1.3.6.1.4.1.311.20.2.2"
+    },
+    "root_key_warning": true
+  },
+  "metrics": {
+    "enabled": true,
+    "listen": "internal",
+    "port": 9464,
+    "https_port": 9465,
+    "service_account": "metrics",
+    "otlp_endpoint": "",
+    "otlp_username": "",
+    "otlp_password": "",
+    "keep_details": "24 hours",
+    "keep_hourly": "1 month",
+    "keep_daily": "3 months",
+    "keep_monthly": "1 year",
+    "keep_yearly": "10 years"
+  },
+  "backup": {
+    "enabled": false,
+    "schedule": "daily",
+    "target": "local",
+    "path": "/var/backups/vpn-router",
+    "keep_hourly": 24,
+    "keep_daily": 7,
+    "keep_weekly": 4,
+    "keep_monthly": 12,
+    "keep_yearly": 0,
+    "metrics": false,
+    "rclone_remote": "",
+    "rclone_mode": "sync",
+    "pbs_repository": "",
+    "pbs_password": "",
+    "pbs_fingerprint": "",
+    "pbs_namespace": "",
+    "pbs_keyfile": ""
   }
 }

debian-package/src/usr/share/vpn-router/sql/dns.sql

@@ -0,0 +1,150 @@
+-- The domains the router's name server (PowerDNS, gpgsql backend) is the primary of (vpnrouter_dns), in the
+-- vpn-router-dns database, whose domains, records and domainmetadata tables are PowerDNS's own schema.
+-- The whole file runs as one transaction, serialized by an advisory lock, so that two processes can load it at once.
+
+SELECT pg_advisory_xact_lock(hashtext('vpn-router dns schema'));
+
+DROP TABLE IF EXISTS dns_manual_records;
+
+-- A domain the router serves as its primary name server; sites says whether the host names of the enabled sites in
+-- it get records, ttl is the TTL of its records, null for dns.ttl.
+CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS dns_domains (
+    name text PRIMARY KEY,
+    sites boolean NOT NULL,
+    ttl integer
+);
+
+-- A secondary name server of a domain: its NS name and the address it transfers the domain from.
+CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS dns_secondaries (
+    domain text NOT NULL REFERENCES dns_domains (name) ON DELETE CASCADE,
+    nameserver text NOT NULL,
+    address inet NOT NULL,
+    PRIMARY KEY (domain, nameserver)
+);
+
+-- A record an administrator added to a domain, besides those of the domain itself and of the sites.
+CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS dns_records (
+    domain text NOT NULL REFERENCES dns_domains (name) ON DELETE CASCADE,
+    name text NOT NULL,
+    type text NOT NULL,
+    content text NOT NULL,
+    ttl integer NOT NULL,
+    PRIMARY KEY (domain, name, type, content)
+);
+
+-- The digest of the records last written to a zone and the serial of its SOA.
+CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS dns_state (
+    zone text PRIMARY KEY,
+    digest text NOT NULL,
+    serial bigint NOT NULL
+);
+
+CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION dns_domains_list()
+RETURNS TABLE (name text, sites boolean, ttl integer)
+LANGUAGE sql STABLE AS $$
+    SELECT name, sites, ttl FROM dns_domains ORDER BY name;
+$$;
+
+-- Add the domain, or set its sites and TTL.
+CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE dns_domain_put(p_name text, p_sites boolean, p_ttl integer)
+LANGUAGE sql AS $$
+    INSERT INTO dns_domains VALUES (p_name, p_sites, p_ttl)
+    ON CONFLICT (name) DO UPDATE SET sites = p_sites, ttl = p_ttl;
+$$;
+
+-- Remove the domain with its secondaries and records.
+CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE dns_domain_remove(p_name text)
+LANGUAGE sql AS $$
+    DELETE FROM dns_domains WHERE name = p_name;
+$$;
+
+CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION dns_secondaries_list()
+RETURNS TABLE (domain text, nameserver text, address text)
+LANGUAGE sql STABLE AS $$
+    SELECT domain, nameserver, host(address) FROM dns_secondaries ORDER BY domain, nameserver;
+$$;
+
+-- Add the secondary of the domain, or set its address.
+CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE dns_secondary_put(p_domain text, p_nameserver text, p_address inet)
+LANGUAGE sql AS $$
+    INSERT INTO dns_secondaries VALUES (p_domain, p_nameserver, p_address)
+    ON CONFLICT (domain, nameserver) DO UPDATE SET address = p_address;
+$$;
+
+CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE dns_secondary_remove(p_domain text, p_nameserver text)
+LANGUAGE sql AS $$
+    DELETE FROM dns_secondaries WHERE domain = p_domain AND nameserver = p_nameserver;
+$$;
+
+CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION dns_records_list()
+RETURNS TABLE (domain text, name text, type text, content text, ttl integer)
+LANGUAGE sql STABLE AS $$
+    SELECT domain, name, type, content, ttl FROM dns_records ORDER BY domain, name, type, content;
+$$;
+
+-- Add the record to the domain, or set its TTL.
+CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE dns_record_put(p_domain text, p_name text, p_type text, p_content text, p_ttl integer)
+LANGUAGE sql AS $$
+    INSERT INTO dns_records VALUES (p_domain, p_name, p_type, p_content, p_ttl)
+    ON CONFLICT (domain, name, type, content) DO UPDATE SET ttl = p_ttl;
+$$;
+
+-- Remove the records of the name and type in the domain, all of them without content.
+CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE dns_record_remove(p_domain text, p_name text, p_type text, p_content text)
+LANGUAGE sql AS $$
+    DELETE FROM dns_records
+    WHERE domain = p_domain AND name = p_name AND type = p_type AND (p_content IS NULL OR content = p_content);
+$$;
+
+-- Serve the zone as its primary and give it the records, its SOA first, whose content has {serial} for the serial,
+-- and the addresses of its secondaries, which are notified of its changes and may transfer it. The serial grows, to
+-- at least the current Unix time, only when the records differ from those last written.
+CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE dns_apply(p_zone text, p_soa text, p_ttl integer, p_names text[], p_types text[],
+                                      p_contents text[], p_ttls integer[], p_secondaries text[])
+LANGUAGE plpgsql AS $$
+DECLARE
+    v_domain integer;
+    v_serial bigint;
+    v_digest text := md5(concat_ws('|', p_soa, p_ttl, array_to_string(p_names, ','), array_to_string(p_types, ','),
+                                   array_to_string(p_contents, ','), array_to_string(p_ttls, ',')));
+BEGIN
+    SELECT id INTO v_domain FROM domains WHERE name = p_zone;
+    IF v_domain IS NULL THEN
+        INSERT INTO domains (name, type) VALUES (p_zone, 'MASTER') RETURNING id INTO v_domain;
+    ELSE
+        UPDATE domains SET type = 'MASTER' WHERE id = v_domain AND type <> 'MASTER';
+    END IF;
+    DELETE FROM domainmetadata WHERE domain_id = v_domain AND kind IN ('ALSO-NOTIFY', 'ALLOW-AXFR-FROM');
+    INSERT INTO domainmetadata (domain_id, kind, content)
+    SELECT v_domain, kind, address FROM unnest(p_secondaries) AS address,
+                                        unnest(ARRAY['ALSO-NOTIFY', 'ALLOW-AXFR-FROM']) AS kind;
+    IF EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM dns_state WHERE zone = p_zone AND digest = v_digest) THEN
+        RETURN;
+    END IF;
+    SELECT greatest(coalesce(max(serial) + 1, 1), extract(epoch FROM now())::bigint) INTO v_serial
+    FROM dns_state WHERE zone = p_zone;
+    DELETE FROM records WHERE domain_id = v_domain;
+    INSERT INTO records (domain_id, name, type, content, ttl, prio, disabled, auth)
+    VALUES (v_domain, p_zone, 'SOA', replace(p_soa, '{serial}', v_serial::text), p_ttl, 0, false, true);
+    INSERT INTO records (domain_id, name, type, content, ttl, prio, disabled, auth)
+    SELECT v_domain, r.name, r.type, r.content, r.ttl, 0, false, true
+    FROM unnest(p_names, p_types, p_contents, p_ttls) AS r(name, type, content, ttl);
+    INSERT INTO dns_state VALUES (p_zone, v_digest, v_serial)
+    ON CONFLICT (zone) DO UPDATE SET digest = v_digest, serial = v_serial;
+END;
+$$;
+
+-- Serve only the zones of the list, none for an empty one.
+CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE dns_retain(p_zones text[])
+LANGUAGE sql AS $$
+    DELETE FROM domains WHERE name <> ALL (p_zones);
+    DELETE FROM dns_state WHERE zone <> ALL (p_zones);
+$$;
+
+-- The records of the zone as they are served.
+CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION dns_served(p_zone text)
+RETURNS TABLE (name text, type text, content text, ttl integer)
+LANGUAGE sql STABLE AS $$
+    SELECT r.name, r.type, r.content, r.ttl FROM records r JOIN domains d ON d.id = r.domain_id
+    WHERE d.name = p_zone ORDER BY r.type <> 'SOA', r.name, r.type, r.content;
+$$;

debian-package/src/usr/share/vpn-router/sql/oidc.sql

@@ -0,0 +1,202 @@
+-- The state of the router's OpenID Provider (vpnrouter_oidc) in the database of web.database.
+-- Codes, tokens, device codes and sessions are kept as the SHA-256 of their values; expired rows are purged when new
+-- ones are saved. The whole file runs as one transaction, serialized by an advisory lock, so that two processes can
+-- load it at once.
+
+SELECT pg_advisory_xact_lock(hashtext('vpn-router oidc schema'));
+
+-- An authorization code, valid until it is exchanged for tokens or expires; resource is the resource the tokens are
+-- for, null for the client itself.
+CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS oidc_codes (
+    hash text PRIMARY KEY,
+    client_id text NOT NULL,
+    name text NOT NULL,
+    redirect_uri text NOT NULL,
+    scopes text[] NOT NULL,
+    nonce text,
+    code_challenge text NOT NULL,
+    code_challenge_method text NOT NULL,
+    auth_time timestamptz NOT NULL,
+    amr text[] NOT NULL,
+    expires timestamptz NOT NULL,
+    resource text
+);
+ALTER TABLE oidc_codes ADD COLUMN IF NOT EXISTS resource text;
+
+-- An access token or a refresh token (kind) a client was issued for a user, or for itself as a service account with
+-- client credentials; resource as in oidc_codes.
+CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS oidc_tokens (
+    hash text PRIMARY KEY,
+    kind text NOT NULL CHECK (kind IN ('access', 'refresh')),
+    client_id text NOT NULL,
+    name text NOT NULL,
+    scopes text[] NOT NULL,
+    auth_time timestamptz NOT NULL,
+    amr text[] NOT NULL,
+    expires timestamptz NOT NULL,
+    resource text
+);
+ALTER TABLE oidc_tokens ADD COLUMN IF NOT EXISTS resource text;
+CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS oidc_tokens_name ON oidc_tokens (name);
+
+-- A device code of the device authorization grant and its user code (user_hash): pending until the user allows or
+-- denies it, then the user, when and how they signed in; poll_seconds is the least time between two polls, polled
+-- the last poll.
+CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS oidc_devices (
+    hash text PRIMARY KEY,
+    user_hash text NOT NULL UNIQUE,
+    client_id text NOT NULL,
+    scopes text[] NOT NULL,
+    resource text,
+    state text NOT NULL DEFAULT 'pending' CHECK (state IN ('pending', 'allowed', 'denied')),
+    name text,
+    auth_time timestamptz,
+    amr text[],
+    poll_seconds integer NOT NULL,
+    polled timestamptz,
+    expires timestamptz NOT NULL
+);
+CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS oidc_devices_name ON oidc_devices (name);
+
+-- A user's sign-in at the OpenID Provider, which the session cookie names.
+CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS oidc_sessions (
+    hash text PRIMARY KEY,
+    name text NOT NULL,
+    auth_time timestamptz NOT NULL,
+    amr text[] NOT NULL,
+    expires timestamptz NOT NULL
+);
+
+-- The functions and procedures whose parameters or results differ from those of the same name.
+DROP PROCEDURE IF EXISTS oidc_code_save(text, text, text, text, text[], text, text, text, timestamptz, text[], integer);
+DROP FUNCTION IF EXISTS oidc_code_get(text);
+DROP PROCEDURE IF EXISTS oidc_token_save(text, text, text, text, text[], timestamptz, text[], integer);
+DROP FUNCTION IF EXISTS oidc_token_get(text, text);
+
+CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE oidc_code_save(p_hash text, p_client_id text, p_name text, p_redirect_uri text,
+                                           p_scopes text[], p_nonce text, p_code_challenge text,
+                                           p_code_challenge_method text, p_auth_time timestamptz, p_amr text[],
+                                           p_resource text, p_seconds integer)
+LANGUAGE sql AS $$
+    DELETE FROM oidc_codes WHERE expires < now();
+    INSERT INTO oidc_codes (hash, client_id, name, redirect_uri, scopes, nonce, code_challenge, code_challenge_method,
+                            auth_time, amr, resource, expires)
+    VALUES (p_hash, p_client_id, p_name, p_redirect_uri, p_scopes, p_nonce, p_code_challenge, p_code_challenge_method,
+            p_auth_time, p_amr, p_resource, now() + make_interval(secs => p_seconds));
+$$;
+
+-- The unexpired code.
+CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION oidc_code_get(p_hash text)
+RETURNS TABLE (client_id text, name text, redirect_uri text, scopes text[], nonce text, code_challenge text,
+               code_challenge_method text, auth_time timestamptz, amr text[], resource text)
+LANGUAGE sql STABLE AS $$
+    SELECT client_id, name, redirect_uri, scopes, nonce, code_challenge, code_challenge_method, auth_time, amr, resource
+    FROM oidc_codes WHERE hash = p_hash AND expires > now();
+$$;
+
+CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE oidc_code_delete(p_hash text)
+LANGUAGE sql AS $$
+    DELETE FROM oidc_codes WHERE hash = p_hash;
+$$;
+
+CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE oidc_token_save(p_hash text, p_kind text, p_client_id text, p_name text, p_scopes text[],
+                                            p_auth_time timestamptz, p_amr text[], p_resource text, p_seconds integer)
+LANGUAGE sql AS $$
+    DELETE FROM oidc_tokens WHERE expires < now();
+    INSERT INTO oidc_tokens (hash, kind, client_id, name, scopes, auth_time, amr, resource, expires)
+    VALUES (p_hash, p_kind, p_client_id, p_name, p_scopes, p_auth_time, p_amr, p_resource,
+            now() + make_interval(secs => p_seconds));
+$$;
+
+-- The unexpired token of the kind.
+CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION oidc_token_get(p_hash text, p_kind text)
+RETURNS TABLE (client_id text, name text, scopes text[], auth_time timestamptz, amr text[], resource text)
+LANGUAGE sql STABLE AS $$
+    SELECT client_id, name, scopes, auth_time, amr, resource FROM oidc_tokens
+    WHERE hash = p_hash AND kind = p_kind AND expires > now();
+$$;
+
+CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE oidc_token_delete(p_hash text)
+LANGUAGE sql AS $$
+    DELETE FROM oidc_tokens WHERE hash = p_hash;
+$$;
+
+CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE oidc_device_save(p_hash text, p_user_hash text, p_client_id text, p_scopes text[],
+                                             p_resource text, p_poll_seconds integer, p_seconds integer)
+LANGUAGE sql AS $$
+    DELETE FROM oidc_devices WHERE expires < now();
+    INSERT INTO oidc_devices (hash, user_hash, client_id, scopes, resource, poll_seconds, expires)
+    VALUES (p_hash, p_user_hash, p_client_id, p_scopes, p_resource, p_poll_seconds,
+            now() + make_interval(secs => p_seconds));
+$$;
+
+-- The unexpired device code of the user code while it waits for the user.
+CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION oidc_device_find(p_user_hash text)
+RETURNS TABLE (client_id text, scopes text[], resource text)
+LANGUAGE sql STABLE AS $$
+    SELECT client_id, scopes, resource FROM oidc_devices
+    WHERE user_hash = p_user_hash AND state = 'pending' AND expires > now();
+$$;
+
+-- Allow or deny the waiting device code of the user code as the user; whether there was one.
+CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION oidc_device_decide(p_user_hash text, p_name text, p_auth_time timestamptz, p_amr text[],
+                                              p_allowed boolean)
+RETURNS boolean
+LANGUAGE sql AS $$
+    WITH decided AS (
+        UPDATE oidc_devices SET state = CASE WHEN p_allowed THEN 'allowed' ELSE 'denied' END, name = p_name,
+                                auth_time = p_auth_time, amr = p_amr
+        WHERE user_hash = p_user_hash AND state = 'pending' AND expires > now()
+        RETURNING 1
+    )
+    SELECT count(*) > 0 FROM decided;
+$$;
+
+-- A poll of the device code: the row, whether it has expired, and whether it came sooner than poll_seconds after the
+-- last one, which adds 5 seconds to poll_seconds.
+CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION oidc_device_poll(p_hash text)
+RETURNS TABLE (client_id text, scopes text[], resource text, state text, name text, auth_time timestamptz, amr text[],
+               expired boolean, too_soon boolean)
+LANGUAGE sql AS $$
+    UPDATE oidc_devices AS device
+    SET polled = now(),
+        poll_seconds = device.poll_seconds +
+            CASE WHEN device.polled + make_interval(secs => device.poll_seconds) > now() THEN 5 ELSE 0 END
+    FROM (SELECT hash, polled, poll_seconds FROM oidc_devices WHERE hash = p_hash) AS previous
+    WHERE device.hash = previous.hash
+    RETURNING device.client_id, device.scopes, device.resource, device.state, device.name, device.auth_time, device.amr,
+              device.expires <= now(),
+              previous.polled IS NOT NULL AND previous.polled + make_interval(secs => previous.poll_seconds) > now();
+$$;
+
+CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE oidc_device_delete(p_hash text)
+LANGUAGE sql AS $$
+    DELETE FROM oidc_devices WHERE hash = p_hash;
+$$;
+
+CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE oidc_session_save(p_hash text, p_name text, p_amr text[], p_seconds integer)
+LANGUAGE sql AS $$
+    DELETE FROM oidc_sessions WHERE expires < now();
+    INSERT INTO oidc_sessions VALUES (p_hash, p_name, now(), p_amr, now() + make_interval(secs => p_seconds));
+$$;
+
+-- The unexpired session.
+CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION oidc_session_get(p_hash text)
+RETURNS TABLE (name text, auth_time timestamptz, amr text[])
+LANGUAGE sql STABLE AS $$
+    SELECT name, auth_time, amr FROM oidc_sessions WHERE hash = p_hash AND expires > now();
+$$;
+
+CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE oidc_session_delete(p_hash text)
+LANGUAGE sql AS $$
+    DELETE FROM oidc_sessions WHERE hash = p_hash;
+$$;
+
+-- Remove every code, token, device code and session of the user or service account.
+CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE oidc_revoke(p_name text)
+LANGUAGE sql AS $$
+    DELETE FROM oidc_codes WHERE name = p_name;
+    DELETE FROM oidc_tokens WHERE name = p_name;
+    DELETE FROM oidc_devices WHERE name = p_name;
+    DELETE FROM oidc_sessions WHERE name = p_name;
+$$;

debian-package/src/usr/share/vpn-router/sql/sites.sql

@@ -0,0 +1,85 @@
+-- The web sites Caddy serves (vpnrouter_sites), in the vpn-router-sites database.
+-- The whole file runs as one transaction, serialized by an advisory lock, so that two processes can load it at once.
+
+SELECT pg_advisory_xact_lock(hashtext('vpn-router sites schema'));
+
+-- A static web site: its host names, port, interfaces and TLS, and the group whose members change its files.
+CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS sites (
+    name text PRIMARY KEY,
+    enabled boolean NOT NULL,
+    hosts text[] NOT NULL,
+    port integer NOT NULL,
+    listen text NOT NULL CHECK (listen IN ('internal', 'external', 'both')),
+    tls text NOT NULL CHECK (tls IN ('none', 'acme', 'ca', 'file')),
+    ca text NOT NULL,
+    certificate text NOT NULL,
+    private_key text NOT NULL,
+    index_file text NOT NULL,
+    spa boolean NOT NULL,
+    editors text NOT NULL,
+    modified timestamptz NOT NULL
+);
+
+-- Every site, by name; the private key is left out.
+CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION sites_list()
+RETURNS TABLE (name text, enabled boolean, hosts text[], port integer, listen text, tls text, ca text,
+               certificate text, index_file text, spa boolean, editors text, modified timestamptz)
+LANGUAGE sql STABLE AS $$
+    SELECT name, enabled, hosts, port, listen, tls, ca, certificate, index_file, spa, editors, modified
+    FROM sites ORDER BY name;
+$$;
+
+-- The site with its private key.
+CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION site_get(p_name text)
+RETURNS TABLE (name text, enabled boolean, hosts text[], port integer, listen text, tls text, ca text,
+               certificate text, private_key text, index_file text, spa boolean, editors text, modified timestamptz)
+LANGUAGE sql STABLE AS $$
+    SELECT name, enabled, hosts, port, listen, tls, ca, certificate, private_key, index_file, spa, editors, modified
+    FROM sites WHERE name = p_name;
+$$;
+
+-- The enabled sites with their private keys, by name, for Caddy's configuration and certificate files.
+CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION sites_served()
+RETURNS TABLE (name text, enabled boolean, hosts text[], port integer, listen text, tls text, ca text,
+               certificate text, private_key text, index_file text, spa boolean, editors text, modified timestamptz)
+LANGUAGE sql STABLE AS $$
+    SELECT name, enabled, hosts, port, listen, tls, ca, certificate, private_key, index_file, spa, editors, modified
+    FROM sites WHERE enabled ORDER BY name;
+$$;
+
+-- Add the site, or replace all its settings.
+CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE site_put(p_name text, p_enabled boolean, p_hosts text[], p_port integer, p_listen text,
+                                     p_tls text, p_ca text, p_certificate text, p_private_key text, p_index_file text,
+                                     p_spa boolean, p_editors text)
+LANGUAGE sql AS $$
+    INSERT INTO sites VALUES (p_name, p_enabled, p_hosts, p_port, p_listen, p_tls, p_ca, p_certificate, p_private_key,
+                              p_index_file, p_spa, p_editors, now())
+    ON CONFLICT (name) DO UPDATE SET enabled = p_enabled, hosts = p_hosts, port = p_port, listen = p_listen,
+        tls = p_tls, ca = p_ca, certificate = p_certificate, private_key = p_private_key, index_file = p_index_file,
+        spa = p_spa, editors = p_editors, modified = now();
+$$;
+
+CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE site_remove(p_name text)
+LANGUAGE sql AS $$
+    DELETE FROM sites WHERE name = p_name;
+$$;
+
+-- The names of the sites whose files the members of the groups may change.
+CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION sites_editable(p_groups text[])
+RETURNS TABLE (name text)
+LANGUAGE sql STABLE AS $$
+    SELECT name FROM sites WHERE editors <> '' AND editors = ANY (p_groups) ORDER BY name;
+$$;
+
+-- The names of the sites whose editors are the group.
+CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION sites_of_group(p_group text)
+RETURNS TABLE (name text)
+LANGUAGE sql STABLE AS $$
+    SELECT name FROM sites WHERE editors = p_group ORDER BY name;
+$$;
+
+-- Give the sites of a renamed group its new name.
+CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE sites_rename_group(p_old text, p_new text)
+LANGUAGE sql AS $$
+    UPDATE sites SET editors = p_new, modified = now() WHERE editors = p_old;
+$$;

debian-package/src/usr/share/vpn-router/templates/Caddyfile.j2

@@ -1,17 +1,107 @@
-# Written by vpn-router-setup from /etc/vpn-router/vpn-router.json; edits are overwritten.
+# Written by vpn-router-setup from /etc/vpn-router/vpn-router.json and the web sites; edits are overwritten.
 {
 	auto_https disable_redirects
 {%- if https_email %}
 	email {{ https_email }}
 {%- endif %}
+{%- if pki_cas %}
+	skip_install_trust
+	pki {
+{%- for ca in pki_cas %}
+		ca {{ ca.id }} {
+			name "{{ ca.name }}"
+			root {
+				cert {{ ca.cert }}
+				key {{ ca.key }}
+			}
+			intermediate {
+				cert {{ ca.cert }}
+				key {{ ca.key }}
+			}
+		}
+{%- endfor %}
+	}
+{%- endif %}
 }
-{% if web_enabled %}
+{% if https and (web_enabled or 'https' in pki_publish or acme_cas) %}
 {{ local_fqdn }}:{{ https_web_port }} {
-	reverse_proxy {{ loopback }}:{{ web_port }}
+{%- if 'https' in pki_publish %}
+	handle_path /pki/* {
+		root * {{ pki_publish_dir }}
+		file_server
+	}
+{%- endif %}
+{%- for ca in acme_cas %}
+	handle /acme/{{ ca }}/* {
+		acme_server {
+			ca {{ ca }}
+		}
+	}
+{%- endfor %}
+	handle {
+{%- if web_enabled %}
+		reverse_proxy {{ loopback }}:{{ web_port }}
+{%- else %}
+		respond 404
+{%- endif %}
+	}
 }
 {% endif %}
-{%- if manager_port %}
+{%- if https and 'http-80' in pki_publish %}
+http://{{ local_fqdn }} {
+	handle_path /pki/* {
+		root * {{ pki_publish_dir }}
+		file_server
+	}
+	handle {
+		respond 404
+	}
+}
+{% endif %}
+{%- if https and 'https-default' in pki_publish %}
+{{ local_fqdn }}:443 {
+	handle_path /pki/* {
+		root * {{ pki_publish_dir }}
+		file_server
+	}
+	handle {
+		respond 404
+	}
+}
+{% endif %}
+{%- if https and manager_port %}
 {{ local_fqdn }}:{{ https_manager_port }} {
 	reverse_proxy {{ loopback }}:{{ manager_port }}
 }
 {% endif %}
+{%- if https and metrics_enabled %}
+{{ local_fqdn }}:{{ metrics_https_port }} {
+	reverse_proxy {{ loopback }}:{{ metrics_port }}
+}
+{% endif %}
+{%- if webdav %}
+{{ local_fqdn }}:{{ webdav_port }} {
+	reverse_proxy {{ loopback }}:{{ webdav_loopback_port }}
+}
+{% endif %}
+{%- for site in sites %}
+# Site {{ site.name }}
+{{ site.addresses | join(', ') }} {
+	root * {{ site.root }}
+{%- if site.tls == 'ca' %}
+	tls {
+		issuer internal {
+			ca {{ site.ca }}
+		}
+	}
+{%- elif site.tls == 'file' %}
+	tls {{ site.cert }} {{ site.key }}
+{%- endif %}
+{%- if site.spa %}
+	try_files {path} /{{ site.index }}
+{%- endif %}
+	file_server {
+		index {{ site.index }}
+	}
+}
+{% endfor %}

debian-package/src/usr/share/vpn-router/templates/dnsmasq.conf.j2

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+# Written by vpn-router-setup from /etc/vpn-router/vpn-router.json; edits are overwritten.
+# The resolver of the remote access clients, on the addresses of p2s.dns_listen, forwarding to systemd-resolved's stub.
+{% for address in p2s_resolver_addrs -%}
+listen-address={{ address }}
+{% endfor -%}
+bind-interfaces
+no-resolv
+server=127.0.0.53
+domain-needed
+no-hosts
+cache-size=1000

debian-package/src/usr/share/vpn-router/templates/oidc-page.html.j2

@@ -0,0 +1,108 @@
+<!DOCTYPE html>
+<html lang="en">
+<head>
+<meta charset="utf-8">
+<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
+<meta name="robots" content="noindex">
+<title>{{ title }}</title>
+<style>
+body { font-family: system-ui, sans-serif; background: #f4f5f7; color: #1f2937; margin: 0; }
+main { max-width: 22rem; margin: 4rem auto; background: #fff; padding: 2rem; border-radius: 0.5rem; box-shadow: 0 1px 3px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15); }
+h1 { font-size: 1.25rem; margin: 0 0 0.25rem; }
+p { margin: 0 0 1rem; color: #4b5563; }
+label { display: block; font-size: 0.875rem; margin: 0.75rem 0 0.25rem; }
+input { box-sizing: border-box; width: 100%; padding: 0.5rem; border: 1px solid #d1d5db; border-radius: 0.25rem; font-size: 1rem; }
+button { width: 100%; margin-top: 1.25rem; padding: 0.6rem; border: 0; border-radius: 0.25rem; font-size: 1rem; cursor: pointer; background: #1d4ed8; color: #fff; }
+button.secondary { background: #fff; color: #1d4ed8; border: 1px solid #1d4ed8; margin-top: 0.75rem; }
+.error { background: #fee2e2; color: #991b1b; padding: 0.5rem 0.75rem; border-radius: 0.25rem; margin-bottom: 1rem; }
+ul { margin: 0 0 1rem; padding-left: 1.25rem; color: #4b5563; }
+#user_code { text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: 0.15em; font-family: ui-monospace, monospace; }
+.issuer { font-size: 0.75rem; color: #6b7280; margin: 1.5rem 0 0; }
+</style>
+</head>
+<body>
+<main>
+<h1>{{ title }}</h1>
+{%- if message %}
+<p>{{ message }}</p>
+{%- endif %}
+{%- if error %}
+<div class="error" role="alert">{{ error }}</div>
+{%- endif %}
+{%- if items %}
+<ul>
+{%- for item in items %}
+<li>{{ item }}</li>
+{%- endfor %}
+</ul>
+{%- endif %}
+{%- if decide %}
+<form method="post" action="/oidc/device/decide">
+<input type="hidden" name="user_code" value="{{ user_code }}">
+<button type="submit" name="decision" value="allow">Allow</button>
+<button class="secondary" type="submit" name="decision" value="deny">Deny</button>
+</form>
+{%- endif %}
+{%- if form or device %}
+<form id="sign-in" method="post" action="{{ action }}">
+{%- if device %}
+<label for="user_code">Code shown on the device</label>
+<input id="user_code" name="user_code" value="{{ user_code }}" autocapitalize="characters" autocomplete="off" spellcheck="false" required{% if not form %} autofocus{% endif %}>
+{%- else %}
+<input type="hidden" name="request" value="{{ request }}">
+{%- endif %}
+{%- if form %}
+<label for="name">Name</label>
+<input id="name" name="name" value="{{ name }}" autocomplete="username webauthn" autocapitalize="none" spellcheck="false" required{% if not device %} autofocus{% endif %}>
+<label for="password">Password</label>
+<input id="password" name="password" type="password" autocomplete="current-password" required>
+<label for="code">Code from the authenticator, when you have one</label>
+<input id="code" name="code" inputmode="numeric" pattern="[0-9]{6}" maxlength="6" autocomplete="one-time-code">
+<button type="submit">Sign in</button>
+{%- else %}
+<button type="submit">Continue</button>
+{%- endif %}
+</form>
+{%- endif %}
+{%- if form %}
+<form id="passkey-form" method="post" action="{{ action }}" hidden>
+<input type="hidden" name="request" value="{{ request }}">
+<input type="hidden" name="user_code">
+<input type="hidden" name="passkey_id">
+<input type="hidden" name="credential">
+</form>
+<button id="passkey" class="secondary" type="button" hidden>Sign in with a passkey</button>
+<script>
+// A passkey sign-in begins at /oidc/passkey and posts the browser's answer to the form's action with the authorization
+// request, or with the user code the sign-in form holds.
+(function () {
+  var button = document.getElementById('passkey');
+  if (!window.PublicKeyCredential || !PublicKeyCredential.parseRequestOptionsFromJSON) {
+    return;
+  }
+  button.hidden = false;
+  button.addEventListener('click', async function () {
+    var code = document.getElementById('user_code');
+    if (code && !code.reportValidity()) {
+      return;
+    }
+    button.disabled = true;
+    try {
+      var begun = await (await fetch('/oidc/passkey', { method: 'POST' })).json();
+      var credential = await navigator.credentials.get({ publicKey: PublicKeyCredential.parseRequestOptionsFromJSON(begun.options.publicKey) });
+      var form = document.getElementById('passkey-form');
+      form.elements.user_code.value = code ? code.value : '';
+      form.elements.passkey_id.value = begun.id;
+      form.elements.credential.value = JSON.stringify(credential.toJSON());
+      form.submit();
+    } catch (error) {
+      button.disabled = false;
+    }
+  });
+})();
+</script>
+{%- endif %}
+<p class="issuer">{{ issuer }}</p>
+</main>
+</body>
+</html>

debian-package/src/usr/share/vpn-router/templates/openvpn-server.conf.j2

@@ -5,15 +5,16 @@ dev-type tun
 topology subnet
 server {{ openvpn_network }} {{ openvpn_netmask }}
 
-ca {{ ca_cert }}
+ca {{ openvpn_ca }}
 cert {{ server_cert }}
 key {{ server_key }}
-crl-verify {{ crl }}
+crl-verify {{ openvpn_crl }}
 dh none
 remote-cert-tls client
 
 plugin /usr/lib/openvpn/openvpn-auth-ldap.so {{ openvpn_ldap_conf }}
 script-security 2
+tls-verify /usr/lib/vpn-router/openvpn-issuer
 auth-user-pass-verify /usr/lib/vpn-router/openvpn-same-user via-env
 
 {% for network, netmask in openvpn_routes -%}
@@ -23,6 +24,8 @@ push "route {{ network }} {{ netmask }}"
 push "dhcp-option DNS {{ address }}"
 {% endfor -%}
 
+status {{ openvpn_status }} {{ openvpn_status_seconds }}
+
 keepalive 10 120
 {% if openvpn_protocol == 'udp' -%}
 explicit-exit-notify 1

debian-package/src/usr/share/vpn-router/templates/p2s-forwarder.conf.j2

@@ -1,4 +0,0 @@
-[Resolve]
-{% for address in local_addr_list -%}
-DNSStubListenerExtra={{ address }}
-{% endfor -%}

debian-package/src/usr/share/vpn-router/templates/remote-site.conf.j2

@@ -1,46 +0,0 @@
-connections {
-  remote-site {
-    version = 2
-    proposals = aes256-sha256-modp2048,aes256-sha1-modp1024
-    reauth_time = 28800
-    unique = replace
-
-    local_addrs  = {{ local_addrs }}
-    remote_addrs = {{ remote_addrs }}
-
-    local {
-      id = {{ local_id }}
-      auth = psk
-    }
-
-    remote {
-      id = {{ remote_id }}
-      auth = psk
-    }
-
-    children {
-      site2site {
-        mode = tunnel
-        local_ts = {{ local_ts }}
-        remote_ts = {{ remote_cidrs }}
-        esp_proposals = aes256-sha256,aes256-sha1
-        life_time = 3600
-        dpd_action = restart
-        start_action = start
-        close_action = none
-      }
-    }
-
-    rekey_time = 10800
-    dpd_delay = 10
-    dpd_timeout = 120
-  }
-}
-
-secrets {
-  ike-psk {
-    id-1 = {{ local_id }}
-    id-2 = {{ remote_id }}
-    secret = "{{ psk }}"
-  }
-}

debian-package/src/usr/share/vpn-router/templates/road-warrior.conf.j2

@@ -8,13 +8,13 @@ connections {
 
     local {
       auth = pubkey
-      certs = server.pem
+      certs = vpn-server.pem
       id = @{{ local_fqdn }}
     }
 
     remote {
       auth = eap-tls
-      cacerts = ca.pem
+      cacerts = p2s.pem
       eap_id = %any
     }
 
@@ -39,5 +39,9 @@ pools {
   rw-pool {
     addrs = {{ p2s_address_pool }}
     dns   = {{ p2s_dns }}
+{%- if p2s_dns_domains %}
+    # INTERNAL_DNS_DOMAIN (RFC 8598): the domains the clients resolve with the DNS servers above.
+    25    = {{ p2s_dns_domains | join(', ') }}
+{%- endif %}
   }
 }

debian-package/src/usr/share/vpn-router/templates/site-to-site.conf.j2

@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+connections {
+{%- for connection in connections if connection.ready %}
+  {{ connection.name }} {
+    version = 2
+    proposals = aes256-sha256-modp2048,aes256-sha1-modp1024
+    reauth_time = 28800
+    unique = replace
+
+    local_addrs  = {{ local_addrs }}
+    remote_addrs = {{ connection.remote_addrs }}
+
+    local {
+      id = {{ connection.local_id }}
+{%- if connection.auth == 'certificate' %}
+      auth = pubkey
+      certs = site-to-site.pem
+{%- else %}
+      auth = psk
+{%- endif %}
+    }
+
+    remote {
+      id = {{ connection.remote_id }}
+{%- if connection.auth == 'certificate' %}
+      auth = pubkey
+      cacerts = {{ connection.remote_cacert }}
+{%- else %}
+      auth = psk
+{%- endif %}
+    }
+
+    children {
+      {{ connection.name }} {
+        mode = tunnel
+        local_ts = {{ connection.local_ts }}
+        remote_ts = {{ connection.remote_cidrs }}
+        esp_proposals = aes256-sha256,aes256-sha1
+        life_time = 3600
+        dpd_action = restart
+        start_action = start
+        close_action = none
+      }
+    }
+
+    rekey_time = 10800
+    dpd_delay = 10
+    dpd_timeout = 120
+  }
+{%- endfor %}
+}
+
+secrets {
+{%- for connection in connections if connection.ready and connection.auth == 'psk' %}
+  ike-psk-{{ connection.name }} {
+    id-1 = {{ connection.local_id }}
+    id-2 = {{ connection.remote_id }}
+    secret = "{{ connection.psk }}"
+  }
+{%- endfor %}
+}

debian-package/src/usr/share/vpn-router/templates/wg0-peers.conf.j2

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+{{ wg_peers_begin }}
+{% for user, key, ips in wg_peers -%}
+[Peer]
+# {{ user }}
+PublicKey = {{ key }}
+AllowedIPs = {{ ips | join(', ') }}
+
+{% endfor -%}
+{{ wg_peers_end }}

examples/azure/router.tf

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ data "http" "repo_gpg_key" {
 }
 
 locals {
-  supply_pki = var.ca_cert_file != ""
+  supply_pki = var.root_cert_file != ""
 
   cloud_init_vars = {
     hostname        = var.name
@@ -15,15 +15,19 @@ locals {
     # Contents of /etc/vpn-router/vpn-router.json.
     config = {
       general = { platform = "azure", mode = "auto" }
-      wan     = { local_fqdn = var.local_fqdn, local_id_mode = var.local_id_mode }
-      local   = { cidrs = [for c in split(",", var.local_cidrs) : trimspace(c) if trimspace(c) != ""] }
-      remote = {
-        addrs = [for a in split(",", var.remote_addrs) : trimspace(a) if trimspace(a) != ""]
-        id    = var.remote_id
-        cidrs = local.remote_cidr_list
-        psk   = var.psk
+      wan     = { local_fqdn = var.local_fqdn }
+      local   = { cidrs = local.local_cidr_list }
+      site_to_site = {
+        "remote-site" = {
+          addrs         = [for a in split(",", var.remote_addrs) : trimspace(a) if trimspace(a) != ""]
+          id            = var.remote_id
+          cidrs         = local.remote_cidr_list
+          local_cidrs   = local.local_cidr_list
+          local_id_mode = var.local_id_mode
+          psk           = var.psk
+        }
       }
-      p2s       = { enabled = var.p2s_enabled, address_pool = var.p2s_address_pool, ca_name = "VPN Router CA" }
+      p2s       = { enabled = var.p2s_enabled, address_pool = var.p2s_address_pool }
       wireguard = { enabled = var.wireguard_enabled, address = var.wireguard_address, listen_port = var.wireguard_listen_port }
     }
   }
@@ -98,10 +102,8 @@ resource "azurerm_linux_virtual_machine" "router" {
   custom_data = base64encode(
     local.supply_pki
     ? templatefile("${path.module}/../cloud-init-with-pki.yaml.tpl", merge(local.cloud_init_vars, {
-      label       = split(".", var.local_fqdn)[0]
-      ca_cert     = file(var.ca_cert_file)
-      server_cert = file(var.server_cert_file)
-      server_key  = file(var.server_key_file)
+      root_cert = file(var.root_cert_file)
+      root_key  = var.root_key_file != "" ? file(var.root_key_file) : ""
     }))
     : templatefile("${path.module}/../cloud-init.yaml.tpl", local.cloud_init_vars)
   )

examples/azure/routes.tf

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 locals {
   remote_cidr_list = [for c in split(",", var.remote_cidrs) : trimspace(c) if trimspace(c) != ""]
+  local_cidr_list  = [for c in split(",", var.local_cidrs) : trimspace(c) if trimspace(c) != ""]
 }
 
 resource "azurerm_route_table" "router" {

examples/azure/variables.tf

@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ variable "vm_size" {
 }
 
 variable "local_fqdn" {
-  description = "FQDN of the router, used as the road-warrior/IKE identity and, when dns_zone_id is set, as the name of the A record created for it."
+  description = "FQDN of the router, used as the IKE identity and, when dns_zone_id is set, as the name of the A record created for it."
   type        = string
 }
 
@@ -89,31 +89,25 @@ variable "psk" {
 }
 
 variable "p2s_enabled" {
-  description = "Enable road-warrior (P2S) access."
+  description = "Enable IKEv2 access."
   type        = bool
   default     = false
 }
 
 variable "p2s_address_pool" {
-  description = "CIDR block assigned to road-warrior clients."
+  description = "CIDR block assigned to IKEv2 clients."
   type        = string
   default     = ""
 }
 
-variable "ca_cert_file" {
-  description = "Path to an existing CA certificate PEM to supply instead of letting the package generate one. Leave empty to auto-generate."
+variable "root_cert_file" {
+  description = "Path to an existing root CA certificate PEM to supply instead of letting the package create one. Leave empty to create one."
   type        = string
   default     = ""
 }
 
-variable "server_cert_file" {
-  description = "Path to an existing server certificate PEM, paired with ca_cert_file."
-  type        = string
-  default     = ""
-}
-
-variable "server_key_file" {
-  description = "Path to an existing server private key PEM, paired with ca_cert_file."
+variable "root_key_file" {
+  description = "Path to the private key PEM of root_cert_file. Leave empty to keep the root offline: the issuing CAs then wait for certificates signed elsewhere."
   type        = string
   default     = ""
   sensitive   = true

examples/cloud-init-with-pki.yaml.tpl

@@ -1,12 +1,13 @@
 #cloud-config
 #
 # Example: install and configure vpn-router during first boot, supplying an
-# existing CA and server certificate instead of letting the package generate
-# one. See cloud-init.yaml.tpl for the variant that generates its own CA.
+# existing root CA instead of letting the package create one. See
+# cloud-init.yaml.tpl for the variant that creates its own.
 #
 # Template variables are Terraform templatefile() placeholders. Adapt or drop
-# them for whatever renders this file. <label> is the first component of the
-# FQDN, for example "router" in router.example.com.
+# them for whatever renders this file. With root_key empty the root stays
+# offline: the router's issuing CAs wait for their certificates, signed with
+# the root elsewhere and imported with vpn-router-ca ca import.
 
 hostname: ${hostname}
 fqdn: ${fqdn}
@@ -28,21 +29,18 @@ write_files:
     content: |
       ${jsonencode(config)}
 
-  - path: /etc/vpn-router/pki/ca_cert.pem
+  - path: /etc/vpn-router/pki/root/cert.pem
     permissions: '0644'
     owner: root:root
     content: |
-      ${indent(6, trimspace(ca_cert))}
-  - path: /etc/vpn-router/pki/${label}_cert.pem
-    permissions: '0644'
-    owner: root:root
-    content: |
-      ${indent(6, trimspace(server_cert))}
-  - path: /etc/vpn-router/pki/${label}_key.pem
+      ${indent(6, trimspace(root_cert))}
+%{ if root_key != "" ~}
+  - path: /etc/vpn-router/pki/root/key.pem
     permissions: '0600'
     owner: root:root
     content: |
-      ${indent(6, trimspace(server_key))}
+      ${indent(6, trimspace(root_key))}
+%{ endif ~}
 
 package_update: true