Add Azure deployment examples and enhance configuration management

- Update .gitignore to exclude Terraform files
- Enhance README with Azure deployment instructions
- Refactor publish.sh to use a container for changelog parsing
- Add Azure example files including Terraform configurations
- Create cloud-init templates for PKI and default configurations
- Implement workload VM setup for testing routing
This commit is contained in:
2026-08-23 22:10:29 +02:00
parent 7cb2f1b8dd
commit dac5cea5ee
16 changed files with 651 additions and 24 deletions
+4
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@@ -7,3 +7,7 @@ CLAUDE.md
__pycache__ __pycache__
.vscode .vscode
tmp tmp
.terraform*
*.tfstate
*.tfstate.*
*.auto.tfvars
+2 -1
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@@ -71,7 +71,8 @@ from the internal NIC instead; with `mode = auto` the interface names go too.
Alternatively write `/etc/vpn-router/vpn-router.conf` directly before or after installing. Alternatively write `/etc/vpn-router/vpn-router.conf` directly before or after installing.
A configuration-management tool should do that and then restart `vpn-router-setup`. A configuration-management tool should do that and then restart `vpn-router-setup`.
See [examples/](examples/) for a cloud-init template and a shell installer. See [examples/](examples/) for a cloud-init template and a shell installer, and
[examples/azure/](examples/azure/) for a full Terraform example that deploys a router on Azure.
## Configuration ## Configuration
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@@ -1,8 +1,13 @@
#!/bin/sh #!/bin/sh
set -e set -e
VERSION="$(dpkg-parsechangelog --show-field Version -l debian/changelog)" changelog_field() {
PACKAGE="$(dpkg-parsechangelog --show-field Source -l debian/changelog)" container run --rm -v "$(pwd):/mnt" vpn-router-builder \
dpkg-parsechangelog --show-field "$1" -l /mnt/debian/changelog
}
VERSION="$(changelog_field Version)"
PACKAGE="$(changelog_field Source)"
DEB="out/${PACKAGE}_${VERSION}_all.deb" DEB="out/${PACKAGE}_${VERSION}_all.deb"
if [ ! -f "$DEB" ]; then if [ ! -f "$DEB" ]; then
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@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
# Azure example
Deploys `vpn-router` on an Azure VM: a two-NIC router (external/WAN and internal/protected),
a demo protected `workload` subnet routed through it, and cloud-init that installs and
configures the package on first boot. See the repository's top-level [README](../../README.md)
for what the package itself does.
## Prerequisites
- An Azure subscription and `az login` (or another form of Azure credentials Terraform can pick
up).
- An SSH key pair for `admin_ssh_public_key`.
- A build of the `vpn-router` package published to the repository at `repo_url` (default: the
project's Gitea Debian registry). See [../../debian-package](../../debian-package) for
`build.sh`/`publish.sh`.
- That repository must allow anonymous reads, since the router pulls the package with no
credentials configured. On Gitea this means the `debian` package registry under the
`slawek` account is set to public/anonymous-read; `publish.sh` still authenticates to
upload, only reads are anonymous. This is a one-time change made on the Gitea side, outside
this repository.
## Usage
```sh
cp terraform.tfvars.example terraform.tfvars
$EDITOR terraform.tfvars
export TF_VAR_psk='change-me' # keep secrets out of tracked files
```
`platform = azure` and `mode = auto` are hard-coded into the cloud-init template call in
`router.tf`: the router has exactly two NICs, the external one carries the default route (it is
marked `primary` and holds the public IP), which is exactly the case `mode = auto` is designed
to detect reliably - see the top-level README's "What mode decides" section.
## Verifying
```sh
ssh <admin_username>@$(terraform output -raw router_public_ip)
systemctl status vpn-router-setup
swanctl --list-sas
```
Set `deploy_workload_vm = true` and re-apply to add a VM on the `workload` subnet (no public
IP - reach it via the router or Azure Bastion) for confirming that its traffic to `remote_cidrs`
actually flows through the router.
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resource "azurerm_resource_group" "this" {
name = "rg-${var.name}"
location = var.location
}
resource "azurerm_virtual_network" "this" {
name = "vnet-${var.name}"
resource_group_name = azurerm_resource_group.this.name
location = azurerm_resource_group.this.location
address_space = [var.vnet_address_space]
}
resource "azurerm_subnet" "ext" {
name = "ext"
resource_group_name = azurerm_resource_group.this.name
virtual_network_name = azurerm_virtual_network.this.name
address_prefixes = [var.ext_subnet_cidr]
}
resource "azurerm_subnet" "int" {
name = "int"
resource_group_name = azurerm_resource_group.this.name
virtual_network_name = azurerm_virtual_network.this.name
address_prefixes = [var.int_subnet_cidr]
}
resource "azurerm_subnet" "workload" {
name = "workload"
resource_group_name = azurerm_resource_group.this.name
virtual_network_name = azurerm_virtual_network.this.name
address_prefixes = [var.workload_subnet_cidr]
}
resource "azurerm_dns_a_record" "router_ext" {
count = var.dns_zone_id != null ? 1 : 0
name = trimsuffix(var.local_fqdn, ".${split("/", var.dns_zone_id)[length(split("/", var.dns_zone_id)) - 1]}")
zone_name = split("/", var.dns_zone_id)[length(split("/", var.dns_zone_id)) - 1]
resource_group_name = split("/", var.dns_zone_id)[4]
ttl = 300
records = [azurerm_public_ip.ext.ip_address]
}
resource "azurerm_network_security_group" "router_ext" {
name = "nsg-${var.name}-ext"
resource_group_name = azurerm_resource_group.this.name
location = azurerm_resource_group.this.location
security_rule {
name = "Allow-SSH-TCP-22"
priority = 100
direction = "Inbound"
access = "Allow"
protocol = "Tcp"
source_port_range = "*"
destination_port_range = "22"
source_address_prefix = "*"
destination_address_prefix = "*"
}
security_rule {
name = "Allow-IKE-UDP-500"
priority = 110
direction = "Inbound"
access = "Allow"
protocol = "Udp"
source_port_range = "*"
destination_port_range = "500"
source_address_prefix = "*"
destination_address_prefix = "*"
}
security_rule {
name = "Allow-IPsec-NAT-T-UDP-4500"
priority = 120
direction = "Inbound"
access = "Allow"
protocol = "Udp"
source_port_range = "*"
destination_port_range = "4500"
source_address_prefix = "*"
destination_address_prefix = "*"
}
dynamic "security_rule" {
for_each = var.wireguard_enabled ? [1] : []
content {
name = "Allow-WireGuard-UDP"
priority = 130
direction = "Inbound"
access = "Allow"
protocol = "Udp"
source_port_range = "*"
destination_port_range = tostring(var.wireguard_listen_port)
source_address_prefix = "*"
destination_address_prefix = "*"
}
}
}
resource "azurerm_network_interface_security_group_association" "router_ext" {
network_interface_id = azurerm_network_interface.ext.id
network_security_group_id = azurerm_network_security_group.router_ext.id
}
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output "router_public_ip" {
description = "Public IP address of the router VM."
value = azurerm_public_ip.ext.ip_address
}
output "router_internal_ip" {
description = "Private IP address of the router's internal NIC - the next hop to use in routes configured outside this Terraform run (another route table, or an on-prem device) that need to reach remote_cidrs through this router."
value = azurerm_network_interface.int.private_ip_address
}
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provider "azurerm" {
features {}
}
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data "http" "repo_gpg_key" {
url = "${var.repo_url}/repository.key"
}
locals {
supply_pki = var.ca_cert_file != ""
cloud_init_vars = {
hostname = var.name
fqdn = var.local_fqdn
repo_url = var.repo_url
repo_gpg_key = data.http.repo_gpg_key.response_body
ubuntu_codename = var.ubuntu_codename
platform = "azure"
mode = "auto"
external_interface = ""
internal_interface = ""
local_id_mode = var.local_id_mode
local_cidrs = var.local_cidrs
int_addr = ""
int_gateway_ip = ""
remote_addrs = var.remote_addrs
remote_id = var.remote_id
remote_cidrs = var.remote_cidrs
psk_b64 = base64encode(var.psk)
p2s_enabled = var.p2s_enabled
p2s_address_pool = var.p2s_address_pool
p2s_ca_name = "VPN Router CA"
wg_enabled = var.wireguard_enabled
wg_address = var.wireguard_address
wg_listen_port = var.wireguard_listen_port
}
}
resource "azurerm_public_ip" "ext" {
name = "pip-${var.name}-ext"
resource_group_name = azurerm_resource_group.this.name
location = azurerm_resource_group.this.location
allocation_method = "Static"
sku = "Standard"
}
resource "azurerm_network_interface" "ext" {
name = "${var.name}-ext-nic"
resource_group_name = azurerm_resource_group.this.name
location = azurerm_resource_group.this.location
ip_forwarding_enabled = true
ip_configuration {
name = "ext"
subnet_id = azurerm_subnet.ext.id
private_ip_address_allocation = "Dynamic"
public_ip_address_id = azurerm_public_ip.ext.id
}
}
resource "azurerm_network_interface" "int" {
name = "${var.name}-int-nic"
resource_group_name = azurerm_resource_group.this.name
location = azurerm_resource_group.this.location
ip_forwarding_enabled = true
ip_configuration {
name = "int"
subnet_id = azurerm_subnet.int.id
private_ip_address_allocation = "Dynamic"
}
}
resource "azurerm_linux_virtual_machine" "router" {
name = var.name
resource_group_name = azurerm_resource_group.this.name
location = azurerm_resource_group.this.location
size = var.vm_size
admin_username = var.admin_username
admin_password = var.admin_password != "" ? var.admin_password : null
disable_password_authentication = var.admin_password == ""
network_interface_ids = [
azurerm_network_interface.ext.id,
azurerm_network_interface.int.id,
]
admin_ssh_key {
username = var.admin_username
public_key = var.admin_ssh_public_key
}
os_disk {
caching = "ReadWrite"
storage_account_type = "StandardSSD_LRS"
}
source_image_reference {
publisher = "Canonical"
offer = "ubuntu-24_04-lts"
sku = "server"
version = "latest"
}
custom_data = base64encode(
local.supply_pki
? templatefile("${path.module}/../cloud-init-with-pki.yaml.tpl", merge(local.cloud_init_vars, {
label = split(".", var.local_fqdn)[0]
ca_cert = file(var.ca_cert_file)
server_cert = file(var.server_cert_file)
server_key = file(var.server_key_file)
}))
: templatefile("${path.module}/../cloud-init.yaml.tpl", local.cloud_init_vars)
)
}
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locals {
remote_cidr_list = [for c in split(",", var.remote_cidrs) : trimspace(c) if trimspace(c) != ""]
}
resource "azurerm_route_table" "router" {
name = "rt-${var.name}"
resource_group_name = azurerm_resource_group.this.name
location = azurerm_resource_group.this.location
}
resource "azurerm_route" "to_remote" {
for_each = toset(local.remote_cidr_list)
name = "to-${replace(each.value, "/", "-")}"
resource_group_name = azurerm_resource_group.this.name
route_table_name = azurerm_route_table.router.name
address_prefix = each.value
next_hop_type = "VirtualAppliance"
next_hop_in_ip_address = azurerm_network_interface.int.private_ip_address
}
resource "azurerm_subnet_route_table_association" "workload" {
subnet_id = azurerm_subnet.workload.id
route_table_id = azurerm_route_table.router.id
}
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# Copy to terraform.tfvars (or a git-ignored *.auto.tfvars) and adjust.
# Keep secrets - psk here - out of any tracked file: set them with
# TF_VAR_psk or in a git-ignored *.auto.tfvars instead.
location = "westeurope"
name = "vpn-router-example"
admin_ssh_public_key = "ssh-ed25519 AAAA... you@example.com"
local_fqdn = "router.example.com"
local_cidrs = "10.0.3.0/24"
remote_addrs = "peer.example.net"
remote_id = "peer.example.net"
remote_cidrs = "192.168.0.0/24"
p2s_enabled = false
wireguard_enabled = false
deploy_workload_vm = false
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variable "location" {
description = "Azure region to deploy into."
type = string
}
variable "name" {
description = "Base name used to derive resource names."
type = string
default = "vpn-router-example"
}
variable "admin_ssh_public_key" {
description = "SSH public key installed for the admin_username on both VMs."
type = string
}
variable "admin_username" {
description = "Admin username on both VMs."
type = string
default = "azureuser"
}
variable "admin_password" {
description = "Admin password for the router VM. SSH key auth is always configured; leaving this empty additionally disables password authentication, setting it enables password auth alongside the key."
type = string
default = ""
sensitive = true
}
variable "vm_size" {
description = "VM size for the router."
type = string
default = "Standard_B2ls_v2"
}
variable "local_fqdn" {
description = "FQDN of the router, used as the road-warrior/IKE identity and, when dns_zone_id is set, as the name of the A record created for it."
type = string
}
variable "dns_zone_id" {
description = "Resource ID of an existing Azure DNS zone to create local_fqdn's A record in, pointing at the router's public IP. local_fqdn must be a name within that zone. Leave null to skip - local_fqdn is then just a label with nothing making it resolve."
type = string
nullable = true
default = null
}
variable "local_id_mode" {
description = "IKE local identity source: fqdn, public_ip or internal_ip."
type = string
default = "fqdn"
}
variable "local_cidrs" {
description = "Local subnet CIDR(s) advertised into the site-to-site tunnel. Should include the workload subnet CIDR."
type = string
}
variable "remote_addrs" {
description = "Remote gateway address(es) or FQDN for the site-to-site tunnel."
type = string
}
variable "remote_id" {
description = "Remote peer's IKE identity, without a leading @."
type = string
}
variable "remote_cidrs" {
description = "Remote subnet CIDR(s) reachable through the site-to-site tunnel."
type = string
}
variable "psk" {
description = "Pre-shared key for the site-to-site IKEv2 tunnel."
type = string
sensitive = true
}
variable "p2s_enabled" {
description = "Enable road-warrior (P2S) access."
type = bool
default = false
}
variable "p2s_address_pool" {
description = "CIDR block assigned to road-warrior clients."
type = string
default = ""
}
variable "ca_cert_file" {
description = "Path to an existing CA certificate PEM to supply instead of letting the package generate one. Leave empty to auto-generate."
type = string
default = ""
}
variable "server_cert_file" {
description = "Path to an existing server certificate PEM, paired with ca_cert_file."
type = string
default = ""
}
variable "server_key_file" {
description = "Path to an existing server private key PEM, paired with ca_cert_file."
type = string
default = ""
sensitive = true
}
variable "wireguard_enabled" {
description = "Enable the WireGuard endpoint."
type = bool
default = false
}
variable "wireguard_address" {
description = "Address and prefix length for the wg0 interface."
type = string
default = ""
}
variable "wireguard_listen_port" {
description = "UDP port WireGuard listens on."
type = number
default = 51820
}
variable "deploy_workload_vm" {
description = "Deploy a bare VM on the workload subnet, for manually verifying routing through the router."
type = bool
default = false
}
variable "repo_url" {
description = "Base URL of the Debian package repository the router pulls vpn-router from."
type = string
default = "https://gitea.koszewscy.waw.pl/api/packages/slawek/debian"
}
variable "ubuntu_codename" {
description = "Ubuntu release codename of the router VM's image, used to select the apt repo component."
type = string
default = "noble"
}
variable "vnet_address_space" {
description = "Address space of the example VNet."
type = string
default = "10.0.0.0/16"
}
variable "ext_subnet_cidr" {
description = "CIDR of the router's external (WAN-facing) subnet."
type = string
default = "10.0.1.0/24"
}
variable "int_subnet_cidr" {
description = "CIDR of the router's internal (protected-network-facing) subnet."
type = string
default = "10.0.2.0/24"
}
variable "workload_subnet_cidr" {
description = "CIDR of the demo protected workload subnet, routed through the router."
type = string
default = "10.0.3.0/24"
}
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terraform {
required_version = ">= 1.9"
required_providers {
azurerm = {
source = "hashicorp/azurerm"
version = ">= 4.0, < 5.0"
}
http = {
source = "hashicorp/http"
version = ">= 3.4, < 4.0"
}
}
}
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# Bare VM on the workload subnet, for manually verifying that its traffic to
# remote_cidrs flows through the router. Off by default so a plain apply
# stays to just the router.
resource "azurerm_network_interface" "workload" {
count = var.deploy_workload_vm ? 1 : 0
name = "${var.name}-workload-nic"
resource_group_name = azurerm_resource_group.this.name
location = azurerm_resource_group.this.location
ip_configuration {
name = "workload"
subnet_id = azurerm_subnet.workload.id
private_ip_address_allocation = "Dynamic"
}
}
resource "azurerm_linux_virtual_machine" "workload" {
count = var.deploy_workload_vm ? 1 : 0
name = "${var.name}-workload"
resource_group_name = azurerm_resource_group.this.name
location = azurerm_resource_group.this.location
size = var.vm_size
admin_username = var.admin_username
disable_password_authentication = true
network_interface_ids = [azurerm_network_interface.workload[0].id]
admin_ssh_key {
username = var.admin_username
public_key = var.admin_ssh_public_key
}
os_disk {
caching = "ReadWrite"
storage_account_type = "StandardSSD_LRS"
}
source_image_reference {
publisher = "Canonical"
offer = "ubuntu-24_04-lts"
sku = "server"
version = "latest"
}
}
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#cloud-config
#
# Example: install and configure vpn-router during first boot, supplying an
# existing CA and server certificate instead of letting the package generate
# one. See cloud-init.yaml.tpl for the variant that generates its own CA.
#
# Template variables are Terraform templatefile() placeholders. Adapt or drop
# them for whatever renders this file. <label> is the first component of the
# FQDN, for example "router" in router.example.com.
hostname: ${hostname}
fqdn: ${fqdn}
manage_etc_hosts: false
apt:
sources:
vpn-router:
source: "deb [signed-by=/etc/apt/keyrings/vpn-router.asc] ${repo_url} ${ubuntu_codename} main"
key: |
${indent(8, trimspace(repo_gpg_key))}
write_files:
# The configuration file. Created here before the package is installed, so
# postinst leaves it alone.
- path: /etc/vpn-router/vpn-router.conf
permissions: '0600'
owner: root:root
content: |
[general]
platform = ${platform}
mode = ${mode}
[interfaces]
external = ${external_interface}
internal = ${internal_interface}
[wan]
local_fqdn = ${fqdn}
local_id_mode = ${local_id_mode}
[local]
cidrs = ${local_cidrs}
int_addr = ${int_addr}
int_gateway_ip = ${int_gateway_ip}
[remote]
addrs = ${remote_addrs}
id = ${remote_id}
cidrs = ${remote_cidrs}
psk_b64 = ${psk_b64}
[p2s]
enabled = ${p2s_enabled}
address_pool = ${p2s_address_pool}
ca_name = ${p2s_ca_name}
[wireguard]
enabled = ${wg_enabled}
address = ${wg_address}
listen_port = ${wg_listen_port}
- path: /etc/vpn-router/pki/ca_cert.pem
permissions: '0644'
owner: root:root
content: |
${indent(6, trimspace(ca_cert))}
- path: /etc/vpn-router/pki/${label}_cert.pem
permissions: '0644'
owner: root:root
content: |
${indent(6, trimspace(server_cert))}
- path: /etc/vpn-router/pki/${label}_key.pem
permissions: '0600'
owner: root:root
content: |
${indent(6, trimspace(server_key))}
package_update: true
packages:
- vpn-router
# Nothing further is required: installing the package starts
# vpn-router-setup, which applies the configuration written above.
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@@ -9,6 +9,10 @@
# #
# Template variables are Terraform templatefile() placeholders. Adapt or drop # Template variables are Terraform templatefile() placeholders. Adapt or drop
# them for whatever renders this file. # them for whatever renders this file.
#
# This variant lets the package generate its own CA on first boot. See
# cloud-init-with-pki.yaml.tpl for the variant that supplies existing PKI
# material instead.
hostname: ${hostname} hostname: ${hostname}
fqdn: ${fqdn} fqdn: ${fqdn}
@@ -17,7 +21,7 @@ manage_etc_hosts: false
apt: apt:
sources: sources:
vpn-router: vpn-router:
source: "deb [signed-by=/etc/apt/keyrings/vpn-router.gpg] ${repo_url} ${ubuntu_codename} main" source: "deb [signed-by=/etc/apt/keyrings/vpn-router.asc] ${repo_url} ${ubuntu_codename} main"
key: | key: |
${indent(8, trimspace(repo_gpg_key))} ${indent(8, trimspace(repo_gpg_key))}
@@ -30,6 +34,7 @@ write_files:
content: | content: |
[general] [general]
platform = ${platform} platform = ${platform}
mode = ${mode}
[interfaces] [interfaces]
external = ${external_interface} external = ${external_interface}
@@ -41,6 +46,7 @@ write_files:
[local] [local]
cidrs = ${local_cidrs} cidrs = ${local_cidrs}
int_addr = ${int_addr}
int_gateway_ip = ${int_gateway_ip} int_gateway_ip = ${int_gateway_ip}
[remote] [remote]
@@ -59,26 +65,6 @@ write_files:
address = ${wg_address} address = ${wg_address}
listen_port = ${wg_listen_port} listen_port = ${wg_listen_port}
# Optional: supply your own PKI instead of letting the package create a CA.
# Remove these three entries to have a local CA generated on first boot.
# <label> is the first component of the FQDN, for example "router" in
# router.example.com.
- path: /etc/vpn-router/pki/ca_cert.pem
permissions: '0644'
owner: root:root
content: |
${indent(6, trimspace(ca_cert))}
- path: /etc/vpn-router/pki/${label}_cert.pem
permissions: '0644'
owner: root:root
content: |
${indent(6, trimspace(server_cert))}
- path: /etc/vpn-router/pki/${label}_key.pem
permissions: '0600'
owner: root:root
content: |
${indent(6, trimspace(server_key))}
package_update: true package_update: true
packages: packages:
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@@ -11,11 +11,13 @@ set -e
DEB="${DEB:-./vpn-router_1.0.0-1_all.deb}" DEB="${DEB:-./vpn-router_1.0.0-1_all.deb}"
PLATFORM="${PLATFORM:-generic}" PLATFORM="${PLATFORM:-generic}"
MODE="${MODE:-manual}"
EXTERNAL_INTERFACE="${EXTERNAL_INTERFACE:-eth0}" EXTERNAL_INTERFACE="${EXTERNAL_INTERFACE:-eth0}"
INTERNAL_INTERFACE="${INTERNAL_INTERFACE:-eth1}" INTERNAL_INTERFACE="${INTERNAL_INTERFACE:-eth1}"
LOCAL_FQDN="${LOCAL_FQDN:-router.example.com}" LOCAL_FQDN="${LOCAL_FQDN:-router.example.com}"
LOCAL_ID_MODE="${LOCAL_ID_MODE:-fqdn}" LOCAL_ID_MODE="${LOCAL_ID_MODE:-fqdn}"
LOCAL_CIDRS="${LOCAL_CIDRS:-10.0.0.0/24}" LOCAL_CIDRS="${LOCAL_CIDRS:-10.0.0.0/24}"
INT_ADDR="${INT_ADDR:-10.1.1.4}"
INT_GATEWAY_IP="${INT_GATEWAY_IP:-10.1.1.1}" INT_GATEWAY_IP="${INT_GATEWAY_IP:-10.1.1.1}"
REMOTE_ADDRS="${REMOTE_ADDRS:-peer.example.net}" REMOTE_ADDRS="${REMOTE_ADDRS:-peer.example.net}"
REMOTE_ID="${REMOTE_ID:-peer.example.net}" REMOTE_ID="${REMOTE_ID:-peer.example.net}"
@@ -34,6 +36,7 @@ umask 077
cat > /etc/vpn-router/vpn-router.conf <<EOF cat > /etc/vpn-router/vpn-router.conf <<EOF
[general] [general]
platform = ${PLATFORM} platform = ${PLATFORM}
mode = ${MODE}
[interfaces] [interfaces]
external = ${EXTERNAL_INTERFACE} external = ${EXTERNAL_INTERFACE}
@@ -45,6 +48,7 @@ local_id_mode = ${LOCAL_ID_MODE}
[local] [local]
cidrs = ${LOCAL_CIDRS} cidrs = ${LOCAL_CIDRS}
int_addr = ${INT_ADDR}
int_gateway_ip = ${INT_GATEWAY_IP} int_gateway_ip = ${INT_GATEWAY_IP}
[remote] [remote]